New regulatory requirements developed in accordance with Federal Law No. 123 "Technical

Requirements regulation fire safety", regulate the need

Use in the installation of communication lines fireproof cable to provide the required

System uptime in case of fire.

According to clause 4.1 of the set of rules SP 6.13130.2009 "Systems fire protection.

Electrical equipment. Fire safety requirements": "cable lines of systems

Fire protection must be carried out by fire-resistant cables with copper conductors, not

Flame-propagating for group laying according to category A according to GOST R IEC 60332-3-22

Low fume and gas emission (ng-LSFR) or halogen-free (ng-HFFR)."

Preferred areas of application of cable products, taking into account their type of execution

Defined in GOST R 53315-2009 and GOST R 53769-2010.

Primary scope of fire-resistant cable

When designing security systems, a cable is often included in the project with the ending

In the marking ng -FRLS (for example, the cable KPSeng FRLS 1x2x0.5), although it is more logical to use

Cable ng-FRHF (KPSEng FRHF 1x2x0.5).

The LS index, which is an abbreviation for Low Smoke, literally means "low

Smoke emission" seems to be more understandable compared to the HF - Halogen Free index, which

Means "halogen-free". Perhaps this is the reason why more

Applied ngFRLS cable than flame retardant cable with ngFRHF index. Obviously the role is the same

The fact that the price is always a little lower for the KPSeng FRLS cable plays.

According to GOST R 53315--2009 with amendment No. 1 "Cable products. Fire safety requirements

Safety "ngFRLS cable is used" for laying, subject to the amount of combustible load

Cables, in internal electrical installations, as well as in buildings, structures and closed cable

Structures", while the fire-resistant cable ng FRHF - "for laying, taking into account the volume of combustible

Cable loads, in internal electrical installations, as well as in buildings and structures with mass

The stay of people, including in multifunctional high-rise buildings and buildings -

Complexes".

Class fire hazard cable

According to GOST R 53315--2009 in the designation of the fire hazard class:

• the first indicator is the flame propagation limit (O1 or O2 for a cable, tested singly, or P1 - P4 for a cable product tested during group laying)
• the second is the fire resistance limit;
• the third is an indicator of corrosion activity;
• the fourth is an indicator of toxicity;
• the fifth is the indicator of smoke formation.

So a cable with a declared fire resistance of at least 180 minutes of the ng (A) -FRLS type (for example, KPSEng

FRLS 1x2x1) has a fire hazard class P1b.1.2.2.2

Cable type ng(A)-FRHF (for example cable KPSeng FRHF 1x2x1) - has a fire hazard class

P1b.1.1.2.1. Accordingly, the use of the ng(A)-FRHF cable provides not only the minimum

Emission of corrosive gases, but also significantly less smoke emission compared to

Cable ng(A)-FRLS. Therefore, for complete clarity, the cable ng (A) - FRHF is correctly called

Flame retardant, halogen-free and smokeless, flame retardant in group

Gasket.

Halogens, Corrosivity and Toxicity

ngFRLS cable (for example, KPSEng FRLS 2x2x1 cable) when exposed to high temperatures and

The flame releases halogens. The most famous of them are chlorine and fluorine. They are poisonous and

Vigorous oxidizing agents that cause corrosion, which seriously limits the possibilities of application

Such a cable. In case of fire, highly toxic chloride gas

Hydrogen, escaping from the cable insulation that collapses under the influence of temperature,

It spreads over the object and, connecting with water vapor, condenses in the form

concentrated hydrochloric acid.

Permissible according to GOST R 53769-2010 values ​​of indicators of corrosive activity of products

Smoke and gas emissions during combustion and smoldering of insulation materials, shells and protective

Cable hoses with index LS and index HF differ by 28 times!

Smoke emission

The ngFRLS cable (for example, the KPSEng FRLS 1x2x0.75 cable) is quite smoky - when it

Destruction in a flame according to GOST R 53315-2009, a decrease in light transmission up to 50% is permissible,

Decoding (marking) Cables and wires of Russian production

Explanation (marking) of abbreviations used for the designation of power cables with PVC (vinyl) and rubber insulation (according to GOST 16442-80, TU16.71-277-98, TU 16.K71-335-2004)

A - (first letter) aluminum core, if there is no letter - copper core.
AC - Aluminum core and lead sheath.
AA - Aluminum core and aluminum sheath.
B - Armor made of two steel tapes with anti-corrosion coating.
Bn - The same, but with a non-combustible protective layer (not supporting combustion).
b - No pillow.
B - (first (in the absence of A) letter) PVC insulation.
B - (second (in the absence of A) letter) PVC sheath.
G - At the beginning of the designation - this is a cable for mine workings, at the end of the designation - there is no protective layer over the armor or sheath ("naked").
g - Waterproof sealing tapes metal screen(at the end of the designation).
2g - Aluminopolymer tape over the sealed screen.
Shv - A protective layer in the form of a pressed-out hose (sheath) made of PVC.
Шп - A protective layer in the form of a pressed-out hose (sheath) made of polyethylene.
Shps - Protective layer of extruded self-extinguishing polyethylene hose.
K - Armor made of round galvanized steel wires, on top of which is superimposed protective layer. If it is at the beginning of the designation - the control cable.
C - Lead sheath.
O - Separate shells over each phase.
R - Rubber insulation.
HP - Rubber insulation and sheath made of flame retardant rubber.
P - Insulation or sheath made of thermoplastic polyethylene.
Ps - Insulation or sheath made of self-extinguishing flame retardant polyethylene.
Pv - Vulcanized polyethylene insulation.
BBG - Profiled steel tape armor.
ng - Non-combustible.
LS - Low Smoke - low smoke and gas emission.
KG - Flexible cable.

Cable with BPI - impregnated paper insulation (according to GOST 18410-73):

A - (first letter) aluminum core, in its absence - copper core by default. If in the middle of the designation after the symbol of the core material, then the aluminum sheath.
B - Armor made of flat steel tapes (after the shell material symbol).
AB - Aluminum armor.
SB - (first or second (after A) letter) lead armor.
C - Sheath material lead.
A - Separately leaded core.
P - Armor made of flat galvanized steel wires.
K - Armor made of round galvanized steel wires.
B - Paper insulation with depleted impregnation (at the end of the designation) through a dash.
b - No pillow.
l - As part of the pillow, an additional 1 lavsan ribbon.
2l - The pillow contains an additional double lavsan ribbon.
n - Non-combustible outer layer. Placed after the armor symbol.
Shv - The outer layer in the form of a pressed-out hose (sheath) made of polyvinyl chloride.
Shp - The outer layer in the form of a pressed-out hose (sheath) made of polyethylene.
Shvpg - Outer layer of extruded PVC hose with low flammability.
(ozh) - Cables with single-wire conductors (at the end of the designation).
U - Paper insulation with elevated temperature heating (at the end of the designation).
C - Paper insulation impregnated with a non-draining compound. Placed in front of the designation.

Control cable (according to GOST 1508-78):

A - (first letter) aluminum core, in its absence - copper core by default.
B - (second (in the absence of A) letter) PVC insulation.
B - (third (in the absence of A) letter) PVC sheath.
P - Polyethylene insulation.
PS - Self-extinguishing polyethylene insulation.
G - Lack of a protective layer ("naked").
R - Rubber insulation.
K - (first or second (after A) letter) - control cable.
Krome KG - flexible cable.
F - Fluoroplastic insulation.
E - At the beginning of the designation - a power cable for especially mine conditions, in the middle or at the end of the designation - a shielded cable.

Hanging wires:

A - Aluminum bare wire.
AC - Aluminum-Steel (more often the word "steel-aluminum" is used) bare wire.
SIP - Self-supporting Insulated Wire.
ng - Non-combustible.

Power, installation wires and connecting cords:

A - Aluminum, the absence of the letter A in the wire brand means that the current-carrying core is made of copper.
P (or W) - the second letter, denotes a wire (or cord).
R - Rubber insulation.
B - PVC insulation.
P - Polyethylene insulation.
N - Nairite rubber insulation.
The number of cores and the cross section are indicated as follows: put a dash; write down the number of veins; put a multiplication sign; record the cross section of the vein.
In the brands of wires and cords, there may be other letters characterizing other structural elements:
D - Double wire.
Oh - Braid.
T - For laying in pipes.
P - Flat with a dividing base.
G - Flexible.

Mounting wires:

M - Mounting wire (placed at the beginning of the designation).
G - Stranded core (the absence of a letter indicates that the core was single-wire).
Ш - Polyamide silk insulation.
C - Film insulation.
B - PVC insulation.
K - Kapron insulation.
L - Lacquered.
C - Fiberglass winding and braid.
D - Double braid.
O - Polyamide silk braid.
E - Shielded.
ME - Enamelled.

Explanation (marking) of some special abbreviations:

KSPV - Cables for Transmission Systems in Vinyl Sheath.
KPSVV - Cables Fire Alarm, Vinyl insulated, Vinyl sheathed.
KPSVEV - Fire Alarm Cables, with Vinyl insulation, with a Screen, in a Vinyl sheath.
PNSV - Heating wire, Steel core, Vinyl sheath.
PV-1, PV-3 - Wire with Vinyl insulation. 1, 3 - core flexibility class.
PVA - Vinyl Sheathed Wire Connecting.
SHVVP - Cord with Vinyl insulation, Vinyl sheath, Flat.
PUNP - Universal Flat Wire.
PUGNP - Universal Flat Flexible Wire.

Rinterpretation (marking) Cables and wires of foreign production

Power cable:
N - Indicates that the cable is manufactured according to the German VDE standard (Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker - Union of German Electrical Engineers).
Y - PVC insulation.
H - Absence of halogens (harmful organic compounds) in PVC insulation.
M - Mounting cable.
C - The presence of a copper screen.
RG - Availability of armor.

FROR - cable made in Italy, has specific designations according to the Italian standard CEI UNEL 35011:

F - corda flessibile - flexible core.
R - polivinilclorudo - PVC - PVC insulation
O - anime riunite per cavo rotondo - round, not flat cable.
R - polivinilclorudo - PVC - PVC sheath.

Control cable:

Y - PVC insulation.
SL - Control cable.
Li - The stranded conductor is made according to the German VDE standard (see above).

Halogen-free flame retardant cable:

N - Manufactured according to the German VDE standard (see above).
HX - Cross-linked rubber insulation.
C - Copper screen.
FE 180 - In case of fire, the integrity of the insulation, when using a cable without a fastening system, is maintained for 180 minutes.
E 90 - In the event of a fire, the cable will remain functional for 90 minutes when laid together with the fastening system.

Mounting wires:

H - Harmonized wire (HAR approval).
N - Compliance with the national standard.
05 - Rated voltage 300/500 V.
07 - Rated voltage 450/750 V.
V - PVC insulation.
K - Flexible core for fixed installation.

XLPE cables:

N - Manufactured according to the German VDE standard (see above).
Y - PVC insulation.
2Y - Polyethylene insulation.
2X - XLPE insulation.
S - Copper screen.
(F) - Longitudinal sealing.
(FL) - Longitudinal and transverse sealing.
E - Three-core cable.
R - Armor made of round steel wires.

How to decipher the cable brand?

Let's take for example a very common cable: AVVG (ozh) -0.66 kV 4x35 and analyze its marking.

4x35 - this cable has 4 cores, 35 sq. mm each. each. The number of cores for most cable groups is from 1 to 5. But for control ones, for example, from 4 to 37. Each core has a cross section. The cable has a cross section range from 1.5 to 800 sq. mm. for low voltage cable.

0.66 kV - voltage. For this cable, it is 660 V. Cables are low-voltage (0.38 -1 kV), medium (6-35 kV) and high (110-500 kV) voltage.

(OJ) - execution - single-core. This means that the vein is monolithic, seamless. If there is no “ozh” in the brand, then this means, by default, that the execution is stranded (mp) or stranded (mn).

G - flexible or unarmored.

B - vinyl. Sheath made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic compound.

B - vinyl. Insulation made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic compound.

A is aluminum. Aluminum conductor.

Everything letter markings start from the vein. If there is a letter A, then the conductive core is aluminum. If the letter A is missing, then the conductor is made of copper.

Depending on the group of use, the following symbols may appear in cable marking:

AVVG-P. Plosky, insulated cores are laid parallel in one plane.

AVVGz. Filled, filled with rubber compound.

AVVGng-LS. ng - non-flammable, PVC compound of low flammability. LS - "low tuxedo" (low smoke emission), PVC of low fire hazard.

AVBbShv.

B - armor made of steel tapes

Ш - protective hose made of PVC compound.

in - vinyl. Insulation made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic compound.

ASB2lG, ASKl, TsSB.

C - lead sheath.

2l - two lavsan ribbons

G is naked. Protective cover made of two galvanized steel strips.

K - a protective cover made of round steel galvanized wires.

C - paper insulation impregnated with a non-drip composition.

K - control

E - general screen made of aluminum foil over twisted cores

APvBbShp.

P - insulation made of silanol-crosslinked polyethylene.

p - outer sheath made of polyethylene.

APvPu2g.

y - reinforced polyethylene sheath

2d - "double sealed", XLPE insulation with aluminum tape over the sealed screen.

KG - flexible cable.

Deciphering wire markings.

Now consider the question of how to decipher the wire markings. Wires, as well as cables, are marked with letters, after which the number and cross-sectional area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe conductive cores are recorded in numbers. When designating a wire, the following structure is adopted. In the center is the letter P, denoting the wire. The letters P can be preceded by the letter A, indicating that the wire is made of aluminum conductive wires; if there is no letter A, then the conductors are made of copper.

Following the letter P is a letter characterizing the material from which the wire insulation is made:

R - rubber insulation,

B - PVC (polyvinylchloride) insulation

P - polyethylene insulation

If the wire has a braid of cotton yarn coated with varnish, then this is indicated by the letter L, and if the yarn is impregnated with an anti-rotten compound, then the letter in the brand of the wire is omitted. The letter L is placed in last place in the designation of the brand of wire.

Wires for electrical installations stamps

PV have digital indices 1; 2; 3 and 4. These numbers indicate the degree of flexibility of the wires. The higher, the more flexible the wire.

Wires for overhead power lines are deciphered as follows:

SIP - self-supporting insulated wire. Light stabilized cross-linked polyethylene insulation.

SIP-1 - with uninsulated neutral

SIP-2 - with isolated neutral

SIP-4 - with insulated conductors of equal cross section.

A - bare wire, twisted from aluminum wires

AC - bare wire, consisting of a steel core and aluminum wires

Wire and cable VVGng LS is the top of the family of cable products with the abbreviation VVG, the secret of its privilege is the postscript LS, what it indicates and what it hides, we will analyze in detail in this article.

Indoor smoke is considered the most important factor that increases the risk negative consequences in case of fire. In case of fire at industrial facilities and large public buildings cable routes become one of the main sources of smoke. The sad experience of the Ostankino television tower, the Manege and other disasters of the last decade only confirmed this truth.

Currently, technical regulation documents strictly regulate the types of cable products that can be used for group laying inside public and industrial premises(GOST R 5315-2009). Here, in addition to the condition of non-propagation of combustion (-ng), one of mandatory requirements there was a low smoke and gas emission during combustion or smoldering of the cable.

Designation LS, order of assignment

The decoding of VVGng LS is as follows:

• There is no letter A at the beginning of the marking, which means the cable is copper;
• B - the outer insulating layer consists of PVC insulation;
• B - core insulation consists of PVC insulation;
• ng - does not spread combustion with single and group laying;
• LS- L ow S moke (translated from english easy smoke)

In the marking VVGng (..)-LS, after the category through a hyphen is the designation LS, indicating low smoke and gas emission ( L ow S moke). Of course, such an index can be assigned to a cable only in case of a successful test for such an indicator. The standard procedure for testing for smoke generation during combustion and smoldering, a description of the installation, etc. are given in GOST R IEC 61034 -1 (2) -2005.

The principle of the test is to measure the transparency of the air in the chamber with the cable before and after combustion. The smoke resulting from the combustion of the sample reduces the light transmission of the volume, which is recorded by the instruments. The result of the test will be the ratio of light transmission before and after the experiment, expressed as a percentage. In accordance with GOST R 53769-2010, it is considered that the cable has successfully passed the test if the smoke has reduced transparency by no more than 40%. In this case, the manufacturer has the right to put the LS index in the marking.

Cable insulation with low smoke emission

For the production of VVGng LS cable, PVC compounds of reduced fire hazard are required, and, in contact with fire, they should not give a large number smoke. In addition, it is required that the smoke be minimally toxic (the toxicity index is not more than 40 mg / m 3 according to GOST R 53769-2010).

The task is difficult, but it was successfully solved by selecting special additives - antipyrines and additives. Today, such plastic compounds are produced both in Russia and abroad. Domestic manufacturers have registered several TUs, for example TU 2246-001-25795756-2009, and produce plastic compounds for them, specialized for core insulation, internal filling and outer sheath (grades PPI 30-30, PPV-28, PPO30-35, respectively).

Cable structure VVGng LS

The composition and arrangement of the elements of the VVGng (..) -LS cable is no different from its counterparts - cables with copper conductors, with PVC insulation and sheath according to GOST 53769-2010. External similarity is clearly visible in the image shown in this section.

Cable VVGng(..)-LS can be round and flat, maximum amount lived five. The cores themselves can be single-wire or multi-wire, round or sector. The nominal values ​​​​of the cross-sectional areas are selected from a single standard series for all.

VVGng LS cable specifications

Since the characteristics of the entire family of cables with PVC core insulation and sheath are standardized by one standard GOSTR 53769-2010, they vary only within small limits for different manufacturers. The standard does not introduce separate indicators for the cross-sections and shape of the cores, the thickness of the insulation of conductors and sheaths, electrical resistance, etc. for cables with insulation made of plastic compounds with reduced smoke generation. They go along with the whole family of PVC compounds. Separate values ​​are given for XLPE insulation, etc.

GOSTR 53769-2010 provides for -LS products some difference in minimum tensile strength, it may be less than that of VVG, but does not differ from VVGng. Therefore, the section "VVGng LS cable specifications"in terms of general characteristics, it practically does not differ from the section of the same name in the article, the cable of the VVG brand. Familiarize yourself with general characteristics VVGng(..)-LS is possible.

Application of cable VVGng(..)-LS

Cables VVGng - LS related to fire hazard classes P1.8.2.1.2 and

P1.8.2.2.2 can be used for group laying in residential and public buildings, internal and external cable structures on industrial enterprises. It is allowed to use the cable at nuclear facilities.

Other cable options

• - round copper wire with PVC insulation of the outer and inner layers, has low gas and smoke emission during combustion with single and group laying;
• VVG-P - the same as VVG, but flat design;
• - round copper wire with PVC insulation of the outer and inner layers, has low gas and smoke emission during combustion with a single laying;
• VVGng-P - the same as VVGng, but flat design;
• VVGng-ls - round copper wire with PVC insulation of the outer and inner layers, has low gas and smoke emission during combustion in single and group laying;
• VVGng-Pls - the same as VVG-ls, but flat design;
• VVGng-frls - round copper wire with fire-resistant PVC insulation of the outer and inner layers, has low gas and smoke emission during combustion in single and group laying;
• VVGng-Pfrls - the same as VVGng-frls, but flat design.

According to the designation of brands of cable products intended for group laying, letter indices should be added indicating the compliance of cable products with the requirements for flame retardance:

• ng(A F/R) - fire hazard indicator PRGP 1а (category A F/R);
• ng(A) - fire hazard indicator PRGP 1b (category A);
• ng(B) - fire hazard indicator PRGP 2 (category B);
• ng(C) - fire hazard indicator PRGP 3 (category C);
• ng(D) - fire hazard indicator PRGP 4 (category D).

Features of tests for various categories

• For category A F/R (only applies to power cables with a conductive core cross section of more than 35 mm 2) the cables are fixed on a test ladder to obtain a total nominal volume of non-metallic material of 7 liters per 1 m of the test sample. Flame exposure time - 40 min. This category designed for special cable designs used in specific laying conditions in accordance with the requirements specifications on the cable. Category A F/R is not intended for general use.
• For category A, the cables are fixed on the test ladder to obtain a total nominal volume of non-metallic material of 7 liters per 1 m of the test piece. Flame exposure time - 40 min.
• For category B, the cables are fixed to the test ladder to obtain a total nominal volume of 3.5 liters of non-metallic material over a length of 1 m of the test piece. Flame exposure time - 40 min.
• For category C, the cables are fixed on the test ladder to obtain a total nominal volume of non-metallic material of 1.5 liters per 1 m of the test piece. Flame exposure time - 20 min.
• For category D, the cables are fixed on the test ladder to obtain a total nominal volume of non-metallic material of 0.5 l per 1 m of the test piece. Flame exposure time - 20 min.

The length of the charred part of the sample, measured from the lower edge of the burner, should not exceed 2.5 m

Cable products should be subdivided according to fire hazard indicators into the following types of execution:

JSC “Plant “Energokabel” implements power cables of "-ng(A)-LS" version own production. The plant is one of Russian leaders of its market segment, strictly complies with GOST and TU standards, exercises product quality control at each stage of the production process.

Power cables of "-ng(A)-LS" version: design features and applications

Cables of "-ng(A)-LS" version have copper or aluminum conductors, insulation and sheath made of low fire hazard PVC compound with low smoke and gas emission (LS), flame retardant (-ng). Thanks to this design, the cables are suitable for group laying at facilities with high fire safety requirements. In the presence of armor and an external protective hose, the cables can be used for laying in the ground or where mechanical impacts are possible.

VVGng(A)-LS cables are the most popular products from this series. These cables are widely used for mounting cable lines at industrial facilities, including nuclear power plants, as well as in residential and public buildings.

Sale of power cables of execution "–ng(A)-LS"

In JSC “Plant “Energokabel” you can buy power cables of the design "–ng(A)-LS" v different versions. The plant also offers fire-resistant conductors with additional thermal insulation with mica-containing tapes.

Benefits of cooperation:

• a wide range of cables of "-ng(A)-LS" version;
• favorable prices for cable products;
• wholesale and retail sales;
• production of a cable under the order;
• strict observance of terms of production/shipment;
• delivery in the capital and regions.

To buy cable version "-ng(A)-LS" in Moscow, please contact Energokabel Plant JSC. You can make a purchase directly on the site through the basket or the "Quick order" button. To speak with a specialist, call +7 (495) 221–89–93 or ask a question via the feedback form.