Yushka summary audiobook. Retelling and brief description of the work "Yushka" by Platonov A.P.

1935 Andrei Platonov writes the story "Yushka". The essence of the plot of the classic text is that Yushka - main character works as a blacksmith's assistant. He is ill with consumption. He sheltered the orphan Dasha. One fine day, Yushka was pushed in the chest, and he died. Dasha wanted to cure Yushka of the disease, but she didn’t have time - he died.

The main idea of ​​the immortal work "Yushka" is that Andrey Platonov draws the reader's attention to the inner content of the text, namely the problem of kindness, selflessness. Platonov focuses the reader's attention on the fact that kindness is blind in the souls of people. And when time passes, it becomes too late. Remember the proverb: "What we have we do not store - having lost weeping."

Read the summary of Yushka Platonova

The reader gets acquainted with the hero of the text - an old man of advanced age. This old man "worked" as an assistant to a blacksmith. He was practically blind, exhausted, and also suffered from tuberculosis. His real name was Yefim, but everyone in the neighborhood called him Yushka.

Platonov gives a portrait of the hero: he describes his gray hair, a sparse beard, white eyes, like those of a blind man. The author also talks about the short stature of Yushka and his thinness. It also tells about the life of Yushka with the owner, that he was fed for the work done, that they paid him a salary of 7 rubles 60 kopecks. The author also draws attention to the fact that Yushka did not need anything superfluous, and his clothes were inherited from his father.

It is told that the neighbors took an example from Yushka, that is, in the morning, like him, they went to work, and in the evening they went to bed early. Platonov draws the reader's attention that Yushka was offended, they threw pebbles and earth at him. This was done mainly by children and teenagers. And these same people were amazed at the good-naturedness and patience of Yushka. This calmness of Yushka angered those around him, and then they teased the old man even more. He was unperturbed.

Efim's inner experiences are described. Namely, that he liked the attacks of his "tormentors". He believed that since such signs of attention towards him, it means that they love him, they just do not know how to correctly express their feelings. The parents of the children frightened their children with the fact that if they did not study, they would become the same as Yefim. Adults also enjoyed beating Yushka. Yushka did not rebuff anyone. When he was severely beaten, he lay on the ground for a long time until Dasha, the blacksmith's daughter, came for him.

Yushka was lying down after the beatings, but he did not dare to die, because there would be no assistant in the smithy. When summer came, Yushka left for about a month to "breathe the air", because he was tormented by tuberculosis from a little. He was forgetful and told everyone different things about trips: either he goes to his sister, then to his niece, then to Moscow, then to the village, then generally where his eyes look.

People in the corners whispered that Dasha, the daughter of a blacksmith, was a hermit, like Yushka. Yushka, during his departure, "bloomed with his soul", he breathed easily. He knew how to enjoy the beauty of nature and life. He remembered his real age. He was only 40 years old. Unfortunately, the disease crippled his condition.

Like a month. Yushka was returning from a trip. He was teased and insulted again. Yushka felt that every time he was getting worse ... One day, a man offered to help Yushka die faster. Yushka was outraged by such a statement. This indignation of Yushka gave rise to the anger of a man, and he pushed Yushka in the chest with all his urine. Yushka fell face down to the ground.

A man was walking and saw that Yushka was bleeding. He leaned over to him, wanted to help, and realized that Yefim had died. Yushka was buried. All the villagers rejoiced at first, and then they realized that they had no one to vent their resentment, pain and anger on. After some time, a girl came to the village and began to inquire about Yushka. They explained to her that Yushka was resting in peace. Then she said that Yushka once sheltered her and helped her study. She is escorted to Yushka's grave.

Dasha weeps bitterly at Yushka's grave, because she learned to be a doctor only in order to heal Yefim. Then she decides to stay in the village and disinterestedly heal the suffering. People are proud that Yushka was able to raise such a daughter. Everyone has already forgotten about the fact that Dasha is an orphan not Yushka's own.

"Long ago, in old time, an old-looking man lived on our street. He worked in a smithy on the main Moscow road ... as an assistant to the chief blacksmith ... "

Poor-sighted and weak, he carried water, coal, inflated furs - in a word, where they would send him.

They called him Yefim, but people called him Yushka.

He lived in an apartment with a blacksmith, fed him with bread, cabbage soup and porridge. They also paid him a salary so that he could buy sugar, tea and clothes for himself. But Yushka drank water, and wore the same clothes for many years without a change, black and smoked from work. Barefoot in the summer, in the same pair of boots in the winter.

He went to work early - the old people woke up the young on him, and returned late - Yushka was coming from work, which means it was time for everyone to sleep.

The children teased Yushka, threw sticks and clods of earth at him and were angry that he did not chase after them and did not scold them.

Strangely, he answered them:

Why are you, my relatives, what are you, little ones! .. You must love me! .. Why do you all need me?

Parents told naughty children: "Grow up - you will be like Yushka."

Adult people also offended Yushka, and when drunk, they even beat him.

The blacksmith's daughter picked him up from the road and said:

It would be better if you died Yushka.

But Yushka did not want to die - since he was born to live. And he also believed that his people love, only without a clue love.

In July or August, Yushka would put a bag of bread on his shoulders and leave the city. He admired the sky, the grass, kissed the flowers and stroked the trees. In nature, his illness - consumption - receded.

“But from year to year Yushka became weaker and weaker, therefore the time of his life went and passed and chest disease tormented his body and exhausted him. In one summer, when Yushka was already approaching the time to go to his distant village, he did not go anywhere. He wandered, as usual, in the evening, already dark from the forge to the owner for the night. A cheerful passer-by who knew Yushka laughed at him:

Why are you trampling our land, God's scarecrow! Even if you died, or something, it would be more fun without you, otherwise I'm afraid to get bored ...

And why am I to you, how am I bothering you! .. I was put to live by my parents, I was born according to the law, the whole world needs me, just like you, without me, too, that means it’s impossible!

This passer-by got angry at Yushka, pushed him in the chest. He fell on the road - and did not get up again.

He died, - the carpenter sighed. - Farewell, Yushka, and forgive us all. People rejected you, and who is your judge! ..

All the people, old and young, came to the body of the deceased to say goodbye to him, all the people who knew Yushka, and made fun of him, and tormented him during his lifetime.

Then Yushka was buried and forgotten. However, without Yushka, life became worse for people. Now all the anger and mockery remained among the people and wasted among them, because there was no Yushka, who unrequitedly endured every other evil, bitterness, ridicule and ill will.

And after a while a young girl came to this area and said that Yushka (she called him Efim Dmitrievich) placed an orphan completely alien to him in a boarding school and once a year came to her in Moscow to visit her and brought the money earned for the year.

At the cemetery, “the girl crouched on the ground in which the dead Yushka lay, the man who had fed her since childhood, who had never eaten sugar so that she would eat it.

She knew what Yushka was ill with, and now she herself graduated as a doctor and came here to treat the one who loved her more than anything in the world and whom she herself loved with all the warmth and light of her heart ...

A lot of time has passed since then. The girl-doctor remained forever in our city. She began to work in a hospital for consumptives, she went from house to house where there were tuberculosis patients, and did not take payment from anyone for her work.

Now she herself has also grown old, but as before, all day long she heals and comforts sick people, not getting tired of satisfying suffering and putting death away from the weakened. And everyone in the city knows her, calling the daughter of the good Yushka, having long forgotten Yushka himself and the fact that she was not his daughter.

Retelling plan

1. Who is Yushka. His portrait.
2. The attitude of children to Yushka.
3. The anger of adults at the sight of Yushka.
4. Yushka's conversation with the daughter of the forge owner Dasha.
5. Annual vacation Yushki.
6. The death of this man.
7. A girl comes to the town and asks for Efim Dmitrievich.
8. She stays in the city and treats people with tuberculosis all her life.

Retelling and a brief description of works

Heroes of the story: Yefim (nicknamed Yushka), a blacksmith, his daughter Dasha, an orphan girl (Yushka's pupil). The author in a lengthy exposition describes the appearance, habitual affairs and character of Yushka. The climax is the moment when Yushka defends himself for the first time and dies from a rough blow to the chest. The denouement is the arrival of the pupil Yushka, who talks about herself.

Yushka is the blacksmith's assistant, he does everything manual work. He looks like an old man: short, thin, sees poorly, he has weak hands, he is only forty years old, but "chest disease" consumption (tuberculosis) undermined his strength from childhood. His name is Yefim, but all the people, young and old, call him Yushka. He lives in a blacksmith's house. The owner feeds him bread, cabbage soup and porridge for his work. He must buy sugar, tea and clothes for himself. However, the hero of the story does not spend his meager salary (7 rubles 60 kopecks per month) on anything.

He works from dawn to dusk. His appearance on the street of the town in the morning and in the evening serves as a sign for people that either it's time for everyone to get up and get to work, or it's time to go to bed.

Children have fun at the sight of Yushka, but their joy is quickly replaced by anger. Why doesn't he act like other people? It would be fun for the children if they either attacked the angry Yushka or ran away from him. Adults, like children, throw out “their evil grief and resentment” on this person who is not like them. And the unrequited Yushka, beaten, affected by human malice, says that people love him very much, they just don’t know how to express this love. He says that “the heart in people is sometimes blind”, which does not make it clear who a person really loves, in order to do only good to the one you love.

Yushka goes somewhere for a month every year. Platonov shows his hero away from people, on his way to another city. Where no one torments or torments him, he almost does not feel his terrible illness. “Yushka no longer hid his love for living beings. He bowed to the ground and kissed the flowers ... he stroked the bark on the trees and picked up butterflies and beetles from the path.

No one knows exactly where and to whom he carries his earned money in a bag in his bosom. Only after Yushka's death do we learn that all his savings were intended for an orphan girl who was not his relative. The surrounding people believed that the life of this man was devoid of any meaning, because he did not tell anyone anything. This man, so worthless and pitiful in the eyes of other people, modestly and quietly did his good deed. Only once did he rebel, saying in his own defense: “I was put to live by my parents, I was born according to the law, the whole world needs me too ... Without me, too, it means it’s impossible.”

After the death of Yushka, life in the town becomes worse for people. Now no one unrequitedly takes on their anger, and it is spent between people. The girl, a pupil of Yushka, “heals and comforts sick people, not getting tired of satisfying suffering and putting death away from the weakened.” So Yushka's selfless love for people continued to do its good deed even after his death.

About the great power of love, A. Platonov said this: “The love of one person can bring to life a talent in another person, or at least awaken him to action. This miracle is known to me ... "

For a long time, a short man, old in appearance, weak in eyes and strength, worked in the forge of one city. He was a blacksmith's assistant: he carried water, sand and coal to the forge, fanned the forge, held hot iron on the anvil with tongs. They called him Yefim, but people called him Yushka.

The owner fed him bread, cabbage soup and porridge for his work, and Yushka had his own tea, sugar and clothes; he must buy them for his salary - seven rubles and sixty kopecks a month. But Yushka did not drink tea and did not buy sugar. He drank water, and wore the same clothes for many years - only in winter he put on his dead father's short fur coat over his blouse and put on felt boots. He went to work early in the morning and returned late at night.

People often offended the blind and defenseless Yushka. Children on the street threw branches and pebbles at him. Yushka did not answer them and walked on. The children were angry that the old man did not frighten them or chase them, and teased him even more. Only when Yushka was in great pain did he ask:

- What are you, little ones! .. You must love me! .. Wait, don’t touch me ...

Yushka believed that the children loved him, and simply did not know what to do for love.

Andrey Platonov

Adults also often offended Yushka, especially drunk ones. Stopping him on the street, those who were drunk or wanted to take out their own offense on another, lost their temper from Yushka's dumbness and began to beat him. From these beatings, he lay in the dust on the road for a long time, and the master's daughter later told Yushka that it would be better for him to die.

Yushka was actually not old: only 40 years old. But he was tormented by consumption from a young age. This illness made him old before time, made him decrepit and weak.

Every summer, Yushka left the owner for a month. He said that he was going on foot to a distant village where he had relatives. But no one knew where this village was and what kind of relatives he had there. Leaving the city, Yushka walked in the middle of forests and fields, admired the white clouds, listened to the voice of the rivers. His sore chest rested. He bowed to the ground and kissed the flowers, trying not to crush them, stroked the bark on the trees, picked up dead butterflies and beetles from the path, pitying them. Sometimes he would sit down to rest in the shade of the branches.

Then Yushka returned to the city and again went to the forge. Children and adults still mocked and tormented him, and he lived quietly until the next summer, when he hung a bag with a little accumulated money on his chest and again left, no one knows where.

Over the years, Yushka grew weaker and weaker. One summer he didn't go anywhere. And then one angry passerby hit him hard in the chest on the street. Yushka fell down and didn't get up. A carpenter passing by called him, began to turn him over, but saw that Yushka's eyes were motionless, and the whole earth around his head was covered with blood gushing out of his throat.

Yushka was buried and almost never remembered. And in the late autumn a young girl came to the city and asked the owner-blacksmith: where could she find Efim Dmitrievich?

The owner hardly understood what she was saying about Yushka. He asked who the girl was to him. She replied: no one. “I was an orphan, and Efim Dmitrievich placed me, a little one, in a family in Moscow, then sent me to a boarding school ... Every year he came to see me and brought money for the whole year so that I could live and study. Now I have grown up and have already graduated from the university, but Yefim Dmitrievich did not come to visit me this summer.

The blacksmith led the guest to the cemetery. There, the girl crouched on the ground, where the dead Yushka lay, the man who had fed her since childhood, who had never eaten sugar so that she would eat it.

The girl graduated from the teaching of a doctor. She stayed in the city forever and began to work in a hospital for consumptives, went from house to house where there were tuberculosis cases, and did not take payment from anyone. Everyone in the city then called her the daughter of the good Yushka, having long forgotten Yushka himself and the fact that she was not his daughter.

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Andrey Platonovich Platonov
Yushka

Long ago, in ancient times, an old-looking man lived on our street. He worked in a smithy at the big Moscow road; he worked as an assistant to the chief blacksmith, because he could not see well with his eyes and had little strength in his hands. He carried water, sand, and coal to the forge, fanned the forge with fur, kept hot iron on the anvil with tongs while the head blacksmith forged it, put the horse into the machine to forge it, and did all the other work that needed to be done. They called him Yefim, but all the people called him Yushka. He was short and thin; on his wrinkled face, instead of a mustache and a beard, sparse gray hair grew separately; his eyes were white, like those of a blind man, and there was always moisture in them, like never-ceasing tears.

Yushka lived in the apartment of the owner of the forge, in the kitchen. In the morning he went to the smithy, and in the evening he went back to sleep. The owner fed him bread, cabbage soup and porridge for his work, and Yushka had his own tea, sugar and clothes; he must buy them for his salary - seven rubles and sixty kopecks a month. But Yushka didn’t drink tea and didn’t buy sugar, he drank water, and wore the same clothes for many years without changing: in the summer he went in trousers and a blouse, black and sooty from work, burned through by sparks, so that in several places his white body was visible, and he was barefoot, but in winter he put on over his blouse a short fur coat, inherited from his dead father, and shod his feet in felt boots, which he hemmed in the fall, and wore every winter all his life the same pair.

When Yushka walked down the street to the smithy early in the morning, the old men and women got up and said that Yushka had already gone to work, it was time to get up, and they woke up the young. And in the evening, when Yushka went to sleep, people said that it was time to have dinner and go to bed - out and Yushka had already gone to bed.

And small children, and even those who had become teenagers, when they saw old Yushka quietly wandering, stopped playing in the street, ran after Yushka and shouted:

- There Yushka is coming! There Yushka!

Children picked up dry branches, pebbles, rubbish in handfuls from the ground and threw them at Yushka.

- Yushka! the children shouted. Are you really Yushka?

The old man did not answer the children and was not offended by them; he walked as quietly as before, and did not cover his face, into which pebbles and earthen rubbish fell. The children were surprised Yushka that he was alive, but he himself was not angry with them. And they again called out to the old man:

- Yushka, are you true or not?

Then the children again threw objects at him from the ground, ran up to him, touched him and pushed him, not understanding why he would not scold them, take a twig and chase after them, like everyone else. big people do. The children did not know another such person, and they thought - is Yushka really alive? Touching Yushka with their hands or hitting him, they saw that he was hard and alive.

Then the children again pushed Yushka and threw clods of earth at him - let him be angry, since he really lives in the world. But Yushka walked and was silent. Then the children themselves began to get angry at Yushka. It was boring and not good for them to play if Yushka is always silent, does not frighten them and does not chase after them. And they pushed the old man even harder and shouted around him so that he responded to them with evil and cheered them up. Then they would have run away from him, and in fright, in joy, they would have teased him again from afar and called to them, then running away to hide in the dusk of the evening, in the canopy of houses, in the thickets of gardens and orchards. But Yushka did not touch them and did not answer them.

When the children completely stopped Yushka or hurt him too much, he told them:

“What are you, my relatives, why are you, little ones! .. You must love me! .. Why do you all need me? .. Wait, don’t touch me, you hit me in the eyes with earth, I don’t see.

The children did not hear or understand him. They still pushed Yushka and laughed at him. They rejoiced that you can do whatever you want with him, but he does nothing for them.

Yushka was also happy. He knew why the children laughed at him and tormented him. He believed that children love him, that they need him, only they do not know how to love a person and do not know what to do for love, and therefore they torment him.

At home, fathers and mothers reproached the children when they studied poorly or did not obey their parents: “Here you will be the same as Yushka! You will grow up and walk barefoot in the summer, and in thin felt boots in the winter, and everyone will torment you, and you will not drink tea with sugar, but only water!

Adult elderly people, having met Yushka on the street, also sometimes offended him. Grown-up people have had evil grief or resentment, or they were drunk, then their hearts were filled with fierce rage. Seeing Yushka going to the smithy or to the courtyard for the night, an adult said to him:

- Why are you so blessed, unlike walking around here? What do you think is so special?

Yushka stopped, listened and was silent in response.

- You don’t have words, you’re such an animal! You live simply and honestly, as I live, but secretly think nothing! Tell me, will you live like this? You will not? Aha! .. Well, okay!

And after the conversation, during which Yushka was silent, the adult was convinced that Yushka was to blame for everything, and immediately beat him. From the meekness of Yushka, an adult man came to bitterness and beat him more than he wanted at first, and in this evil he forgot his grief for a while.

Yushka then lay in the dust on the road for a long time. When he woke up, he got up himself, and sometimes the daughter of the owner of the forge came for him, she raised him and took him away with her.

“It would be better if you died, Yushka,” said the master’s daughter.

end of introduction

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