and Queen Mary (1867-1953), Princess of Teck, on her father's side, Claude George...
"Robinson Crusoe" summary 1 chapters
Robinson Crusoe loved the sea from early childhood. At the age of eighteen, on September 1, 1651, against the will of his parents, together with a friend, he went on the ship of the latter's father from Hull to London.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 2
On the first day, the ship gets into a storm. While the hero suffers from seasickness, he makes a promise never to leave solid ground, but as soon as the calm comes, Robinson immediately gets drunk drunk and forgets about his oaths.
While anchored in Yarmouth, the ship sinks in a violent storm. Robinson Crusoe, along with the team, miraculously escapes death, but shame prevents him from returning home, so he sets off on a new journey.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 3
In London, Robinson Crusoe meets the old captain, who takes him with him to Guinea, where the hero profitably exchanges trinkets for gold dust.
During the second journey, made after the death of the old captain, between the Canary Islands and Africa, the ship is attacked by the Turks from Saleh. Robinson Crusoe becomes a slave to a pirate captain. In the third year of slavery, the hero manages to escape. He deceives the old Moor Ismail, who is looking after him, and goes out to the open sea on the master's boat along with the boy Xuri.
Robinson Crusoe and Xuri swim along the shore. At night they hear the roar of wild animals, during the day they land on the shore to get fresh water. One day the heroes kill a lion. Robinson Crusoe is on his way to Cape Verde, where he hopes to meet a European ship.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 4
Robinson Crusoe with Xuri replenish supplies of provisions and water from friendly savages. In return, they give them a dead leopard. After some time, the heroes are picked up by a Portuguese ship.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 5
The captain of the Portuguese ship buys things from Robinson Crusoe and delivers him safe and sound to Brazil. Xuri becomes a sailor on his ship.
Robinson Crusoe has been living in Brazil for four years, where he grows sugarcane. He makes friends whom he tells about two trips to Guinea. Once they come to him with an offer to make another trip in order to exchange trinkets for gold dust. September 1, 1659 the ship sails from the coast of Brazil.
On the twelfth day of the voyage, after crossing the equator, the ship gets into a storm and runs aground. The team boards the boat, but it sinks too. Robinson Crusoe is the only one to escape death. At the beginning he rejoices, then mourns the dead comrades. The hero spends the night on a sprawling tree.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 6
In the morning, Robinson Crusoe discovers that a storm has driven the ship closer to shore. On the ship, the hero finds dry provisions and rum. From spare masts, he builds a raft, on which he transports ship boards, food (food and alcohol), clothing, carpenter's tools, weapons and gunpowder to shore.
Climbing to the top of the hill, Robinson Crusoe realizes that he is on an island. Nine miles to the west he sees two more small islands and reefs. The island turns out to be uninhabited, inhabited big amount birds and devoid of danger in the form of wild animals.
In the early days, Robinson Crusoe transports things from the ship, builds a tent out of sails and poles. He makes eleven voyages: taking at the beginning what he can lift, and then taking apart the ship. After the twelfth swim, during which Robinson takes away knives and money, a storm rises on the sea, absorbing the remains of the ship.
Robinson Crusoe chooses a place to build a house: on a smooth, shady clearing on the slope of a high hill overlooking the sea. The hero is surrounded by a high picket fence, which can only be overcome with the help of a ladder.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 7
Robinson Crusoe hides food and things in a tent, turns the depression of the hill into a cellar, and for two weeks is engaged in sorting gunpowder into bags and boxes and hiding it in the clefts of the mountain.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 8
Robinson Crusoe sets up a homemade calendar on the shore. Human communication is replaced by the company of a ship's dog and two cats. The hero is sorely lacking tools for earthen and sewing work. Until he runs out of ink, he makes notes about his life. Robinson has been working on the palisade around the tent for a year, breaking away every day only in search of food. Periodically, the hero visits despair.
After a year and a half, Robinson Crusoe ceases to hope that a ship will pass by the island, and sets himself a new goal - to arrange his life as best as possible in the current conditions. Above the courtyard in front of the tent, the hero makes a canopy, from the side of the pantry he digs a back door leading outside the fence, makes a table, chairs and shelves.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 9
Robinson Crusoe begins to keep a diary, from which the reader learns that he still managed to make a shovel out of the "iron tree". With the help of the latter and a homemade trough, the hero dug out his cellar. One day the cave collapsed. After that, Robinson Crusoe began to strengthen his kitchen-dining room with piles. From time to time the hero hunts goats and tames a kid wounded in the leg. This number does not work with wild pigeon chicks - they fly away as soon as they become adults, so in the future the hero takes them from the nests for food.
Robinson Crusoe regrets that he cannot make casks, but instead wax candles you have to use goat fat. One day, he stumbles upon ears of barley and rice that have sprouted from bird food that has been thrown onto the ground. The hero leaves the first harvest for sowing. Not most he begins to use grains for food only in the fourth year of life on the island.
Robinson arrives on the island on September 30, 1659. On April 17, 1660, an earthquake occurs. The hero realizes that he can no longer live near the cliff. He makes a grindstone and puts axes in order.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 10
An earthquake gives Robinson access to the ship's hold. In between taking the ship apart, the hero fishes and bakes a turtle on the coals. At the end of June he falls ill; fever is treated with tobacco tincture and rum. From mid-July, Robinson begins to study the island. He finds melons, grapes and wild lemons. In the depths of the island, the hero stumbles upon a beautiful valley with spring water and arranges a dacha in it. Robinson dries the grapes in the first half of August. From the second half of the month until mid-October there are heavy rains. One of the cats brings three kittens. In November, the hero discovers that the dacha fence built from young trees has become green. Robinson begins to understand the climate of the island, where it rains from half February to half April and half August to half October. All this time he tries to stay at home so as not to get sick.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 11
During the rains, Robinson weaves baskets from the branches of trees growing in the valley. One day he travels to the other side of the island, from where he sees a strip of land located forty miles from the coast. Opposite side turns out to be more fertile and generous on turtles and birds.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 12
After a month of wandering, Robinson returns to the cave. On the way, he knocks out the wing of a parrot and tames a young kid. For three weeks in December, the hero builds a wattle fence around a field with barley and rice. He scares away the birds with the corpses of their comrades.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 13
Robinson Crusoe teaches Popka to speak and tries to make pottery. He dedicates the third year of his stay on the island to the work of baking bread.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 14
Robinson is trying to put on the water a ship's boat thrown ashore. When nothing works out for him, he decides to make a pirogue and cuts down a huge cedar for this. The hero spends the fourth year of his life on the island doing aimless work on gouging a boat and launching it into the water.
When Robinson's clothes fall into disrepair, he sews himself a new one from the skins of wild animals. To protect from the sun and rain, he makes a resealable umbrella.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 15
For two years, Robinson has been building a small boat to travel around the island. Going around a ridge of underwater rocks, he almost ended up in the open sea. The hero returns back with joy - the island, which hitherto caused him longing, seems to him sweet and dear. Robinson spends the night at the "dacha". In the morning he is awakened by Popka's screams.
The hero no longer dares to go out to sea a second time. He continues to make things and is very happy when he manages to make a smoking pipe.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 16
In the eleventh year of life on the island, Robinson's supplies of gunpowder are coming to an end. Not wanting to be left without meat food, the hero catches goats in wolf pits and tames them with the help of hunger. Over time, his herd grows to a huge size. Robinson no longer lacks meat and feels almost happy. He completely changes into animal skins and realizes how exotic he begins to look.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 17
One day, Robinson finds a human footprint on the shore. The trace found scares the hero. All night long he tosses from side to side, thinking about the savages who have arrived on the island. For three days the hero does not leave the house, fearing that he will be killed. On the fourth, he goes to milk the goats and begins to convince himself that the trail he saw belongs to him. To make sure of this, the hero returns to the shore, compares the tracks and realizes that the size of his foot smaller size left print. In a fit of fear, Robinson decides to break the paddock and dissolve the goats, as well as destroy the fields with barley and rice, but then he pulls himself together and realizes that if in fifteen years he has not met a single savage, then most likely this will not happen. and henceforth. For the next two years, the hero is engaged in strengthening his home: he plants twenty thousand willows around the house, which in five or six years turn into a dense forest.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 18
Two years after the discovery of the trail, Robinson Crusoe makes a trip to the western side of the island, where he sees a shore strewn with human bones. He spends the next three years on his side of the island. The hero stops doing home improvement, tries not to shoot, so as not to attract the attention of savages. He replaces firewood with charcoal, while extracting which he stumbles upon a spacious dry cave with a narrow hole, where he transfers most of the most valuable things.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 19
One December day, two miles from his home, Robinson notices savages sitting around a fire. He is horrified by the bloody feast and decides next time to give battle to the cannibals. The hero spends fifteen months in restless expectation.
In the twenty-fourth year of Robinson's stay, a ship wrecks on an island off the coast. The hero makes a fire. From the ship, he is answered with a cannon shot, but in the morning Robinson sees only the remains of the lost ship.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 20
Before last year stay on the island, Robinson Crusoe never found out if anyone had escaped from the crashed ship. On the shore, he found the body of a young cabin boy; on the ship - a hungry dog and many useful things.
The hero spends two years dreaming of freedom. For another one and a half, he is waiting for the arrival of the savages in order to free their prisoner and sail away from the island with him.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 21
One day, six pirogues with thirty savages and two captives approach the island, one of whom manages to escape. Robinson hits one of the pursuers with the butt and kills the second. The savage saved by him asks his master for a saber and cuts off the head of the first savage.
Robinson allows young man bury the dead in the sand and take him to his grotto, where he feeds and arranges for rest. Friday (so the hero calls his ward - in honor of the day when he was saved) offers his master to eat the dead savages. Robinson is horrified and expresses discontent.
Robinson sews clothes for Friday, teaches him to speak and feels quite happy.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 22
Robinson teaches Friday to eat animal meat. He introduces him to boiled food, but fails to instill a love for salt. The savage helps Robinson in everything and becomes attached to him as to his father. He tells him that the mainland lying nearby is the island of Trinidad, next to which live the wild tribes of the Caribs, and far to the west - white and cruel bearded people. According to Friday, they can be reached by boat, twice the size of pirogues.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 23
Once a savage tells Robinson about seventeen white people living in his tribe. At one time, the hero suspects Friday of wanting to escape from the island to his relatives, but then he is convinced of his devotion and invites him to go home. The heroes are making a new boat. Robinson equips her with a rudder and a sail.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 24
Preparing to leave, Friday stumbles upon twenty savages. Robinson, together with his ward, give them a fight and free the Spaniard from captivity, who joins the fighting. In one of the pies, Friday finds his father - he was also a prisoner of savages. Robinson and Friday bring the rescued home.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 25
When the Spaniard comes to his senses a little, Robinson agrees with him that his comrades help him with the construction of the ship. Throughout the next year, the heroes prepare provisions for the "white people", after which the Spaniard and Friday's father set off for the future ship crew of Robinson. A few days later, an English boat with three prisoners approaches the island.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 26
English sailors are forced to stay on the island due to low tide. Robinson Crusoe talks to one of the captives and learns that he is the captain of the ship, against which his own crew rebelled, confused by two robbers. Captives kill their enslavers. The surviving robbers pass under the command of the captain.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 27
Robinson with the captain punches a hole in a pirate launch. A boat with ten armed men arrives from the ship to the island. At the beginning, the robbers decide to leave the island, but then return to find their missing comrades. Eight of them Friday, together with the assistant captain, are taken inland; two are disarmed by Robinson and his crew. At night, the captain kills the boatswain who raised the rebellion. Five pirates surrender.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary of chapter 28
The captain of the ship intimidates the prisoners by sending them to England. Robinson, as the head of the island, offers them a pardon in exchange for help in mastering the ship. When the latter is in the hands of the captain, Robinson almost passes out with joy. He changes into decent clothes and, leaving the island, leaves the most malicious pirates on it. At home, Robinson is met by sisters with children, to whom he tells his story.
6TH GRADE
DANIEL DEFOE
ROBINSON CRUSOE
Chapters one - two
From early childhood, Robinson Crusoe loved the sea most of all. But the parents didn't like it. They wanted their son to take care of the convulsions. And then he decided to run away from home. He and a friend boarded a ship bound for London.
On this journey, he had to see with his own eyes what a real storm is at sea. Robinson even helped the sailors himself.
The comrade said that he had better go home. But Robinson did not heed this advice.
Chapters three - four
One respected captain really liked the guy, and he took the young man to his ship. He talked to the guy and taught him the sciences. However, the captain soon died, and Robinson went to sea for the first time himself. Unfortunately, this trip was unsuccessful and Robinson was captured by pirates, where he stayed for more than two years.
Together with the little boy Xuri, he went fishing, but did not return. The fugitives landed on the shore. For some time they were in the wild, eating what they could get, until they were picked up by a ship bound for Brazil.
Chapters five - six
Robinson lived in Brazil for four years and became a successful planter. And one day I decided to make a trip to Guinea along the golden sand and ivory. This trip ended in an accident near an unknown island.
Only Robinson Crusoe survived. Realizing this, he took out the most necessary things from the ship and built himself a dwelling: a cave surrounded by walls.
There were no people and known animals on the island. There were many birds, but they were also unknown to Robinson.
Chapters seven - eleven
Robinson learned that the island is inhabited strange goats. He began to hunt them. In order to know how much time has passed and which month lasts, Robinson began to keep a calendar.
He also wrote down in his diary everything that happened to him, both good and bad. These records gave him optimism.
Robinson had to survive the earthquake serious illness. But he was alive, and therefore did not lose hope.
While exploring the island, Robinson learned that the other part was richer in animals and birds, but did not move from his place. However, in addition to the cave on the shore, he built himself a cottage in the forest.
Chapters twelve - fourteen
Robinson found grain and began growing barley and rice. Soon he had entire plantations. Subsequently, he learned to bake bread, make dishes from clay, sew clothes from the skin of dead animals.
He fortified his dwelling. Now one could feel calm during long periods of heavy rains.
He had a dog and cats, which he took from the ship, and a parrot, which he taught to talk.
Chapter fifteen - seventeen
Several times Robinson tried to build a boat to get to the mainland, which he saw from the other side of the island. However, he had to be content with a small shuttle, on which he explored the coast of the island.
On one of these trips, he nearly died when he fell into a wheatgrass.
A few years later, Robinson managed to tame the goats - now he always had his own milk and meat.
Chapters eighteen - twenty
More than twenty years have passed. While exploring his island, Robinson learned that there are cannibals on it, who arrange noisy meals, leaving a lot of human bones and remnants of meat. This worried him and forced him to fortify his dwelling even more. A whole forest has now grown around the cave. And the housing itself was surrounded by double walls.
One day, Robinson noticed a ship wrecked at sea. He was waiting for someone to escape and get to the island. But that did not happen.
Chapter twenty one - twenty four
The savages have reappeared. They brought with them several prisoners whom they were going to eat. Robinson rescued one of them and kept him. He gave him the name Friday and taught the savage the language and some skills. They became very attached to each other. Now Robinson had a devoted friend and assistant.
They built a boat and prepared to sail. But it had to be postponed, because the savages again appeared with prisoners, among whom were the Spaniard and Friday's father. Robinson rescued the prisoners and helped them regain their strength. The Spaniard reported that he was from a ship that had crashed. He asked Robinson for permission so that his comrades also settled on the island and helped with the household. Robinson Crusoe agreed.
Chapter twenty-five - twenty-seven
Once a ship with the British came to the shore. These were robbers. They mutinied on the ship and captured the captain and assistant. Robinson and his comrades freed the prisoners. They told Robinson that two villains had led the whole team to robbery. Robinson and his comrades helped the captain and his friends to defeat the criminals.
And there were still twenty-six people on the ship involved in the rebellion. Friends decided to get on the ship. But first, the pirates had to be convinced or defeated. With the help of Robinson and his friends, the captain persuaded the sailors to show themselves.
Chapter twenty eight
From those team members who sincerely repented, they made up a new team. Others were defeated. Finally Robinson went home.
After returning, he told his sisters for a long time about his adventures. Relatives were very happy about the return of Robinson Crusoe, whom everyone already considered dead.
Robinson Crusoe loved the sea from early childhood. At the age of eighteen, on September 1, 1651, against the will of his parents, together with a friend, he went on the ship of the latter's father from Hull to London.
2
On the first day, the ship gets into a storm. While the hero is suffering from seasickness, he promises never to leave the solid land again, but as soon as calm sets in, Robinson immediately gets drunk drunk and forgets about his oaths.
While anchored in Yarmouth, the ship sinks in a violent storm. Robinson Crusoe, along with the team, miraculously escapes death, but shame prevents him from returning home, so he sets off on a new journey.
3
In London, Robinson Crusoe meets the old captain, who takes him with him to Guinea, where the hero profitably exchanges trinkets for gold dust.
During the second journey, made after the death of the old captain, between the Canary Islands and Africa, the ship is attacked by the Turks from Saleh. Robinson Crusoe becomes a slave to a pirate captain. In the third year of slavery, the hero manages to escape. He deceives the old Moor Ismail, who is looking after him, and goes out to the open sea on the master's boat along with the boy Xuri.
Robinson Crusoe and Xuri swim along the shore. At night they hear the roar of wild animals, during the day they land on the shore to get fresh water. One day the heroes kill a lion. Robinson Crusoe is on his way to Cape Verde, where he hopes to meet a European ship.
4
Robinson Crusoe with Xuri replenish supplies of provisions and water from friendly savages. In return, they give them a dead leopard. After some time, the heroes are picked up by a Portuguese ship.
5
The captain of the Portuguese ship buys things from Robinson Crusoe and delivers him safe and sound to Brazil. Xuri becomes a sailor on his ship.
Robinson Crusoe has been living in Brazil for four years, where he grows sugarcane. He makes friends whom he tells about two trips to Guinea. Once they come to him with an offer to make another trip in order to exchange trinkets for gold dust. September 1, 1659 the ship sails from the coast of Brazil.
On the twelfth day of the voyage, after crossing the equator, the ship gets into a storm and runs aground. The team boards the boat, but it sinks too. Robinson Crusoe is the only one to escape death. At the beginning he rejoices, then mourns the dead comrades. The hero spends the night on a sprawling tree.
6
In the morning, Robinson Crusoe discovers that a storm has driven the ship closer to shore. On the ship, the hero finds dry provisions and rum. From spare masts, he builds a raft, on which he transports ship boards, food (food and alcohol), clothing, carpenter's tools, weapons and gunpowder to shore.
Climbing to the top of the hill, Robinson Crusoe realizes that he is on an island. Nine miles to the west he sees two more small islands and reefs. The island turns out to be uninhabited, inhabited by a large number of birds and devoid of danger in the form of wild animals.
In the early days, Robinson Crusoe transports things from the ship, builds a tent out of sails and poles. He makes eleven voyages: taking at the beginning what he can lift, and then taking apart the ship. After the twelfth swim, during which Robinson takes away knives and money, a storm rises on the sea, absorbing the remains of the ship.
Robinson Crusoe chooses a place to build a house: on a smooth, shady clearing on the slope of a high hill overlooking the sea. The hero is surrounded by a high picket fence, which can only be overcome with the help of a ladder.
7
Robinson Crusoe hides food and things in a tent, turns the depression of the hill into a cellar, and for two weeks is engaged in sorting gunpowder into bags and boxes and hiding it in the clefts of the mountain.
8
Robinson Crusoe sets up a homemade calendar on the shore. Human communication is replaced by the company of a ship's dog and two cats. The hero is in dire need of tools for earthworks and sewing. Until he runs out of ink, he makes notes about his life. Robinson has been working on the palisade around the tent for a year, breaking away every day only in search of food. Periodically, the hero visits despair.
After a year and a half, Robinson Crusoe ceases to hope that a ship will pass by the island, and sets himself a new goal - to arrange his life as best as possible in the current conditions. Above the courtyard in front of the tent, the hero makes a canopy, from the side of the pantry he digs a back door leading outside the fence, makes a table, chairs and shelves.
9
Robinson Crusoe begins to keep a diary, from which the reader learns that he still managed to make a shovel out of the "iron tree". With the help of the latter and a homemade trough, the hero dug out his cellar. One day the cave collapsed. After that, Robinson Crusoe began to strengthen his kitchen-dining room with piles. From time to time the hero hunts goats and tames a kid wounded in the leg. This number does not work with wild pigeon chicks - they fly away as soon as they become adults, so in the future the hero takes them from the nests for food.
Robinson Crusoe regrets that he fails to make barrels, and instead of wax candles he has to use goat fat. One day, he stumbles upon ears of barley and rice that have sprouted from bird food that has been thrown onto the ground. The hero leaves the first harvest for sowing. He begins to use a small part of the grains for food only in the fourth year of his life on the island.
Robinson arrives on the island on September 30, 1659. On April 17, 1660, an earthquake occurs. The hero realizes that he can no longer live near the cliff. He makes a grindstone and puts axes in order.
10
An earthquake gives Robinson access to the ship's hold. In between taking the ship apart, the hero fishes and bakes a turtle on the coals. At the end of June he falls ill; fever is treated with tobacco tincture and rum. From mid-July, Robinson begins to study the island. He finds melons, grapes and wild lemons. In the depths of the island, the hero stumbles upon a beautiful valley with spring water and arranges a dacha in it. Robinson dries the grapes in the first half of August. From the second half of the month until mid-October there are heavy rains. One of the cats brings three kittens. In November, the hero discovers that the dacha fence built from young trees has become green. Robinson begins to understand the climate of the island, where it rains from half February to half April and half August to half October. All this time he tries to stay at home so as not to get sick.
11
During the rains, Robinson weaves baskets from the branches of trees growing in the valley. One day he travels to the other side of the island, from where he sees a strip of land located forty miles from the coast. The opposite side turns out to be more fertile and generous with turtles and birds.
12
After a month of wandering, Robinson returns to the cave. On the way, he knocks out the wing of a parrot and tames a young kid. For three weeks in December, the hero builds a wattle fence around a field with barley and rice. He scares away the birds with the corpses of their comrades.
13
Robinson Crusoe teaches Popka to speak and tries to make pottery. He dedicates the third year of his stay on the island to the work of baking bread.
14
Robinson is trying to put on the water a ship's boat thrown ashore. When nothing works out for him, he decides to make a pirogue and cuts down a huge cedar for this. The hero spends the fourth year of his life on the island doing aimless work on gouging a boat and launching it into the water.
When Robinson's clothes fall into disrepair, he sews himself a new one from the skins of wild animals. To protect from the sun and rain, he makes a resealable umbrella.
15
For two years, Robinson has been building a small boat to travel around the island. Going around a ridge of underwater rocks, he almost ended up in the open sea. The hero returns back with joy - the island, which hitherto caused him longing, seems to him sweet and dear. Robinson spends the night at the "dacha". In the morning he is awakened by Popka's screams.
The hero no longer dares to go out to sea a second time. He continues to make things and is very happy when he manages to make a smoking pipe.
16
In the eleventh year of life on the island, Robinson's supplies of gunpowder are coming to an end. Not wanting to be left without meat food, the hero catches goats in wolf pits and tames them with the help of hunger. Over time, his herd grows to a huge size. Robinson no longer lacks meat and feels almost happy. He completely changes into animal skins and realizes how exotic he begins to look.
17
One day, Robinson finds a human footprint on the shore. The trace found scares the hero. All night long he tosses from side to side, thinking about the savages who have arrived on the island. For three days the hero does not leave the house, fearing that he will be killed. On the fourth, he goes to milk the goats and begins to convince himself that the trail he saw belongs to him. To make sure of this, the hero returns to the shore, compares the tracks and realizes that the size of his foot is smaller than the size of the imprint left. In a fit of fear, Robinson decides to break the paddock and dissolve the goats, as well as destroy the fields with barley and rice, but then he pulls himself together and realizes that if in fifteen years he has not met a single savage, then most likely this will not happen. and henceforth. For the next two years, the hero is engaged in strengthening his home: he plants twenty thousand willows around the house, which in five or six years turn into a dense forest.
18
Two years after the discovery of the trail, Robinson Crusoe makes a trip to the western side of the island, where he sees a shore strewn with human bones. He spends the next three years on his side of the island. The hero stops doing home improvement, tries not to shoot, so as not to attract the attention of savages. He replaces firewood with charcoal, while extracting which he stumbles upon a spacious dry cave with a narrow hole, where he transfers most of the most valuable things.
19
One December day, two miles from his home, Robinson notices savages sitting around a fire. He is horrified by the bloody feast and decides next time to give battle to the cannibals. The hero spends fifteen months in restless expectation.
In the twenty-fourth year of Robinson's stay, a ship wrecks on an island off the coast. The hero makes a fire. From the ship, he is answered with a cannon shot, but in the morning Robinson sees only the remains of the lost ship.
20
Until the last year of his stay on the island, Robinson Crusoe never found out if anyone had escaped from the crashed ship. On the shore, he found the body of a young cabin boy; on the ship - a hungry dog and many useful things.
The hero spends two years dreaming of freedom. For another one and a half, he is waiting for the arrival of the savages in order to free their prisoner and sail away from the island with him.
21
One day, six pirogues with thirty savages and two captives approach the island, one of whom manages to escape. Robinson hits one of the pursuers with the butt and kills the second. The savage saved by him asks his master for a saber and cuts off the head of the first savage.
Robinson allows the young man to bury the dead in the sand and takes him to his grotto, where he feeds and arranges for rest. Friday (so the hero calls his ward - in honor of the day when he was saved) offers his master to eat the dead savages. Robinson is horrified and expresses discontent.
Robinson sews clothes for Friday, teaches him to speak and feels quite happy.
22
Robinson teaches Friday to eat animal meat. He introduces him to boiled food, but fails to instill a love for salt. The savage helps Robinson in everything and becomes attached to him as to his father. He tells him that the mainland lying nearby is the island of Trinidad, next to which live the wild tribes of the Caribs, and far to the west - white and cruel bearded people. According to Friday, they can be reached by boat, twice the size of pirogues.
23
Once a savage tells Robinson about seventeen white people living in his tribe. At one time, the hero suspects Friday of wanting to escape from the island to his relatives, but then he is convinced of his devotion and invites him to go home. The heroes are making a new boat. Robinson equips her with a rudder and a sail.
24
Preparing to leave, Friday stumbles upon twenty savages. Robinson, together with his ward, give them a fight and free the Spaniard from captivity, who joins the fighting. In one of the pies, Friday finds his father - he was also a prisoner of savages. Robinson and Friday bring the rescued home.
25
When the Spaniard comes to his senses a little, Robinson agrees with him that his comrades help him with the construction of the ship. Throughout the next year, the heroes prepare provisions for the "white people", after which the Spaniard and Friday's father set off for the future ship crew of Robinson. A few days later, an English boat with three prisoners approaches the island.
26
English sailors are forced to stay on the island due to low tide. Robinson Crusoe talks to one of the captives and learns that he is the captain of the ship, against which his own crew rebelled, confused by two robbers. Captives kill their enslavers. The surviving robbers pass under the command of the captain.
27
Robinson with the captain punches a hole in a pirate launch. A boat with ten armed men arrives from the ship to the island. At the beginning, the robbers decide to leave the island, but then return to find their missing comrades. Eight of them Friday, together with the assistant captain, are taken inland; two are disarmed by Robinson and his crew. At night, the captain kills the boatswain who raised the rebellion. Five pirates surrender.
28
The captain of the ship intimidates the prisoners by sending them to England. Robinson, as the head of the island, offers them a pardon in exchange for help in mastering the ship. When the latter is in the hands of the captain, Robinson almost passes out with joy. He changes into decent clothes and, leaving the island, leaves the most malicious pirates on it. At home, Robinson is met by sisters with children, to whom he tells his story.
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Robinson from childhood dreamed of sea voyages. He was youngest child in the family, and he did not need rationality. The father, a sedate and measured man, persuaded his son to change his mind and begin to lead an ordinary, modest existence. But the exhortations of his father and mother do not help, and in September 1651 the hero sets sail for London.
From the very beginning of the sea voyage, the ship gets into several storms. The ship is sinking, and the boat picks up the crew. Such tests do not stop Robinson. In London, he meets an experienced captain who takes him on a trip to Guinea and even teaches him seamanship. Returning to England, Robinson decides to independent travel to Guinea. But this expedition was very unsuccessful. The ship is captured by robbers. Robinson was the servant of the captain of a pirate ship for two years. The hero decides to escape, together with the boy Xuri they steal the boat.
During the voyage, they are picked up by a Portuguese ship. The ship's captain agrees to take Robinson to Brazil. There the hero stops thoroughly, he even acquires a plantation for growing tobacco. But then such a calm existence begins to remind him of his parents' house. The desire for new travels makes Robinson break this way.
The reason for a new expedition comes by itself, the planters want to get slaves for work. But it is very expensive to bring them from Africa. Therefore, a ship is being equipped for Guinea. Robinson sails on it as a ship's clerk. The ship gets into a severe storm, the whole crew perishes. Only Robinson is thrown ashore on an uninhabited island.
The first night he sleeps in a tree. On the second day, he finds a raft on which the team tried to escape and at the cost of a threat own life takes him to the island. The hero also discovers his wrecked ship near the shore, he swims there 12 times for the most useful things- tools, gunpowder, food, clothing. At night, a new storm leaves nothing of the ship.
The main concern of Robinson at first was the construction of housing. He finds a clearing and builds a tent there. The hero tries to survive by all available means. He masters agriculture. He hunts goats, and then turns them into pets. Since Robinson is actually lost in time, he makes a kind of calendar from a pillar, on which he puts a mark on each day he has lived. Then Robinson suffers from a fever, he even reads a prayer of repentance to survive.
After the earthquake, the hero moves his hut to the coast, still hoping for salvation from a random ship. Robinson then decides to build a boat to get to the mainland. He makes a few months big tree pie, but it is not possible to launch it. He sews himself a fur suit, even makes himself an umbrella from rain and sun.
Once on the sand, Robinson discovers a human footprint. This discovery greatly frightens him. He suspects that they may be savages who will destroy his house and supplies or eat him. Robinson lives in fear for two years, carefully looks at the sea, it is from there that the savages come.
Somehow, savage cannibals come to the island to celebrate their cannibal feast, but their prisoner escapes. Robinson kills his pursuers. The rescued person becomes a real comrade for Robinson. The hero calls him Friday. Robinson teaches him to speak English. According to Friday's stories, Spaniards from a sunken ship live on the mainland with his fellow tribesmen. The comrades even plot to release them. Plans are disrupted when savages bring Friday's father and a Spaniard to the island for reprisal. Robinson and Friday free them.
New visitors visit the island in a week. The sailors of the English ship decides to kill their captain on the island. Robinson frees them by killing the villains. The captain agrees to take Robinson to England. The 28 year journey is coming to an end. The hero's parents are long dead. He becomes a wealthy man thanks to the income from a plantation in Brazil. The hero successfully marries, he has a son and a daughter.
The full title of the first book is "Life and amazing Adventures Robinson Crusoe, a sailor from York, who lived for twenty-eight years all alone on a desert island off the coast of America near the mouths of the Orinoco River, where he was thrown out by a shipwreck, during which the entire crew of the ship except him died; with an account of his unexpected release by pirates, written by himself".
Robinson Crusoe grew up spoiled by the connivance of his parents - he did not know a single craft, often indulged in empty dreams of the sea, travel. But the family did not support their son - the eldest of the two brothers died in the battle with the Spaniards, the middle one went missing, and they could not satisfy the meaningless plans to let Robinson go.
A year later, he nevertheless sailed to London. If Crusoe believed in omens, then the very first day would have forced him to return home - a terrible storm broke out, which nevertheless forced him to think about the correctness decision, but not for long. But a week later the ship is sinking.
In London, he makes acquaintance with the captain, who is going to Guinea. He takes him to the ship. But evil fate continues to pursue Crusoe, and he falls into slavery on a robber ship. For two years he cannot get rid of the Turkish corsair, but Crusoe still runs.
For some time he wanders, the natives help him, it turns out even to hunt. Then he gets on a Portuguese ship, on which he gets to Brazil. Crusoe leads a sedentary life, but the craving for adventure cannot be appeased.
His neighbors, the planters, are outfitting a ship for Guinea, and are looking for participants for an expedition to capture slaves. Robinson Crusoe tempted by another adventure. Eight years after running away from home, he sets sail.
For almost two weeks, the ship endures the "fury of the elements." The ship breaks down and begins to leak, and a second storm overtakes them. The team plunges into the boat, hoping to get to the shore, but they are overtaken by a shaft.
Only Crusoe remains alive. The joy of salvation is replaced by fear - after all, he is alone on an unknown island.
The next morning, the tide drives the ship close enough to the shore. Crusoe swims to it, builds a raft from the remains of the mast and loads supplies, tools, weapons and gunpowder with shot on it. He brings the raft to the shore and looks for a place to live.
Looking around the island, Robinson Crusoe realizes that it is uninhabited. He managed to visit the ship twelve more times, after which it was broken by a storm.
Robinson takes a lot of time building housing - after all, it must be safe and have good review the sea, the only way of salvation. Along the way, he realizes that he will have to master many survival skills - he begins to farm, cattle breed, ship dogs and cats live with him.
Many historical events the hermit will be bypassed, but he keeps his own calendar, coexisting only with the events of his little world, and writes down everything that happens in his diary. There is an earthquake, which makes him think about the insecurity of housing under the mountain. Soon Crusoe falls ill - and this fact for the first time in many years causes repentance before God - After all, he can only pray. Soon Crusoe will even learn how to bake without salt and yeast.
One day he decides to go for a walk on the waters in his own built boat - and he is almost carried away to the sea, after which he is afraid of such sorties.
For two years, Crusoe lives in horror - he found a trace of a person, and then the remains of a cannibal meal.
He replenishes his supplies from other crashed ships, and each time he hopes that providence will leave at least someone alive.
Soon fate will take pity on him, and he will save one native, who will be brought for a meal by cannibals (Friday). He will teach him everything he can, and soon he will even begin to speak English.
After some time, a ship will moor to the shore in order to land the captain, his assistant and passenger on the island. Robinson Crusoe and Friday help put down the rebellion, but on the condition that they be delivered to England.
And finally, in 1686, he will get to his homeland. Parents will no longer be alive, but Crusoe will become a wealthy man, thanks to the plantation preserved in Brazil.
At the age of 61, he marries and will raise two sons and a daughter.
"Robinson Crusoe" summary
