Analysis of Tyutchev's poem “How good you are, O night sea .... The poem "how good you are, about the night sea" Tyutchev Fedor Ivanovich

Behind the lines of many landscapes, F. And Tyutchev hid his feelings. This feature of creativity was reflected in the poem, which is described in the article. At school it is studied in the 11th grade. We invite you to familiarize yourself with brief analysis"How good you are, O night sea" according to the plan.

Brief analysis

History of creation- the work was written in the winter of 1865, at first it was published in the newspaper Den, but Tyutchev did not like the editorial changes. The poet published another version of the poem in Russkiy vestnik. Both versions saw the world in 1865.

Theme of the poem- the beauty and sound of the night sea.

Composition- The poem is not divided into semantic parts, presenting a holistic description of the sea element. The formal organization is four quatrains.

Genre- elegy.

Poetic size - three-foot dactyl, cross rhyme ABAB.

Metaphors – “walks, and breathes, and it shines”, “the stars look from above”, “I would drown my soul in their charm.”

epithets– sea "radiant", "gray-dark", "dull glow", "desertion of the night", "sensitive stars".

Comparisons- sea, "as if alive."

History of creation

To understand the meaning hidden between the descriptions of the sea element, one should turn to the history of the creation of the poem. Fyodor Ivanovich wrote it in memory of Elena Denisyeva. The poet's beloved died in 1864. The death of a woman was a heavy blow for Tyutchev. He tried to quench his pain by talking about Denisyeva and writing poetry. It is known that the poet compared Elena with sea ​​wave. By this fact, literary critics explain the appeal to the sea on "you", which we see in the first line of the analyzed work.

The poem was first published in 1865 in the literary and political newspaper The Day. F. Tyutchev was outraged that the editors published the text with their own corrections. The poet once again published the work (the version without editorial corrections) on the pages of Russkiy Vestnik in 1865.

Subject

In the first lines, the man turns to the sea, noticing that it is extraordinary at night. Sea expanses closer to the shore beckon with their radiance, and distant waters frighten with a gloomy gray-dark light. It seems to the lyrical hero that the sea - creature able to walk and breathe.

In the second stanza, the hero admires the power of the elements. It is constantly moving, making a roar and thunder. The man is especially pleased that at night there is not a soul near the sea. Stars watch the rumbling and sparkling movement of the sea. Calm heavenly bodies are the exact opposite of waves. This contrast emphasizes the rebellious nature of free waters.

The last quatrain conveys the inner state of the lyrical hero. He admits that he is fascinated by the waves, feels among them, as in a dream. Apparently, the hero’s heart is heavy, as he happily agrees to drown her in the sea.

There are many examples of seascape lyrics in literature. A feature of Tyutchev's poem is the close interlacing of landscape motifs and experiences of the lyrical hero.

Composition

The poem is not divided into semantic parts, presenting a holistic monologue of the lyrical hero, describing sea ​​beauty. Formally, the work consists of four quatrains.

Genre

The genre is elegy, so sad notes are clearly manifested in the seascape. There are also elements of the message in the poem: an appeal to the sea. The poetic size is a three-foot dactyl. The lines are combined with a cross rhyme ABAB.

means of expression

To convey the inner state of the lyrical hero and reproduce the beauty of the sea, Fedor Ivanovich used artistic means. The text has metaphors- “walks, and breathes, and it shines”, “stars look from above”, “in their charm I would drown my whole soul”; epithets- the sea is “radiant”, “gray-dark”, “dull glow”, “desertion of the night”, “sensitive stars”; comparison- the sea, "as if alive."

The sound of sea waves is transmitted by alliteration"z", "s", "w", "r": "in the free space, shine and movement, roar and thunder". The emotions of the lyrical hero are emphasized by intonation.

How good are you, O night sea, -
It's radiant here, it's gray-dark there...
In the moonlight, as if alive,
№4 It walks and breathes and it shines...

In the endless, in the free space
Shine and movement, roar and thunder...
The sea drenched in a dull radiance,
№8 How good you are in the emptiness of the night!

You are a great swell, you are a sea swell,
Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?
Waves are rushing, thundering and sparkling,
№12 Sensitive stars look from above.

In this excitement, in this radiance,
All, as in a dream, I'm lost standing -
Oh, how willingly in their charm
№16 I would drown my whole soul ...

How khorosho ty, o more nochnoye, -
Zdes luchezarno, tam sizo-temno...
V lunnom sianii, slovno zhivoye,
Khodit, i dyshit, i bleshchet ono...

Na beskonechnom, na volnom prostore
Blesk i dvizheniye, grokhot i grom...
Tusklym sianyem oblitoye more,
How khorosho ty v bezlyudye nochnom!

Zyb ty velikaya, zyb ty morskaya,
Chey eto prazdnik tak prazdnuyesh ty?
Volny nesutsya, gremya i sverkaya,
Chutkiye zvezdy glyadyat s vysoty.

V etom volnenii, v etom sianye,
Ves, how vo sne, ya poteryan stoyu -
O how okhotno by v ikh obayanye
Vsyu potopil by ya dushu svoyu...

Rfr and [p] convey rumble, movement, and [c] creates noise. Indeed, one can hear a noise similar to thunder. Hissing also perform an onomatopoeic function. They are sometimes called "dark" consonants. They correspond to the general color background of the poem, because Tyutchev's sea is at night. And the assonance [o] is associated with the sea, waves.

The sound organization of the text (according to Zhuravlev's table) "works" to create the main image of the poem - the sea. The predominance of sounds and, u + u, s create color scheme seas. I - blue, light blue; u + u - dark blue, blue-green; s is black.

I come to the conclusion that the sea at Tyutchev is either light blue, blue-green, when it is in the moonlight and in the radiance of stars, then dark blue, when it is “drenched in a dull glow”, and even black, when the waves rush, rage, are worried.

An expressive stylistic figure, polyunion, is used for intonational and logical underlining of the distinguished phenomena. Usually the coordinating conjunctions and are repeated. We read from Tyutchev: “Shine and movement, and roar, and thunder”; “and breathes and shines”; "thundering and flashing". Thus, the union shows a moving, changing element.

And the repetition of the particle would enhance the desire of the lyrical hero to merge with the sea element.

The 3rd stanza is in the nature of a direct appeal to the sea. “Against the background of various syntactic means of address, it stands out for its expressive coloring. The emotional sound of the address in the poetic text often reaches a vivid pictorial power. In addition, when addressing, epithets are often used, and they themselves are tropes - metaphors. Tyutchev’s appeals are supplemented with the epithets “sea of ​​the night”, “the sea drenched with a dull glow”, and the metaphor “you are great swell, you are sea swell”. Their expression is emphasized by the interjection "o".

The inversion “of the night sea” “puts forward” key words and enhances the impression of a moving element: “Walks, and breathes, and it shines”

An interrogative sentence with an appeal: “Swell, you are great, you are a sea swell, / Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?” sounds like a frank conversation between a lyrical hero and the elements of the sea and is aimed at comprehending the meaning of being. And the exclamation - "how good you are in the solitude of the night!" reinforces the motive of admiration and the desire to be a part of it.

Night, according to Tyutchev, is no less good than day; the stars shine brightly at night (“sensitive stars look from above”) and there are often revelations (the entire 4th stanza).

The sensitive soul of the lyrical hero listens to everything that happens on the night sea. The sea enchants, hypnotizes, puts you to sleep.

I was attracted by the form of the verb “sank” in the second meaning: also what to destroy. I come to the conclusion: the lyrical hero is so fascinated by the “swell of the sea” holiday that he is ready to destroy himself for the sake of a moment to become a part of this holiday.

"Shine and movement, rumble and thunder" are denominative sentences. Verbs in stanza II are not needed, their role is played by nouns. They create a dynamic picture.

Nekrasov noted Tyutchev's extraordinary ability to "capture" precisely those features by which a given picture can arise and be drawn by itself in the reader's imagination. Dots and dashes give the reader the opportunity to complete it. The ellipsis hides and complements the state of the lyrical hero, which cannot always be expressed in words. This is excitement, and uncontrollable delight, and bitterness, longing from the impossibility of physical merging with the sea element.

Analyzing the poem, I come to the conclusion: means of expression all levels of the language, "work" for the main idea of ​​the poem: admiration for the night sea and the desire to merge with it.

We look at the sea through the eyes of Tyutchev, the lyrical hero is between two abysses and does not just peer into a natural phenomenon, but is imbued with the whole soul with the state of the elements, it is internally close and understandable to man, akin to him.

The analysis of language levels helped me to better understand the meaning of Tyutchev's poem, to "see" the picture of the seascape. Tyutchev's nature has many faces, full of sounds and colors.

The human being has always striven and will continue to strive to comprehend the highest truth, and for Tyutchev it consisted precisely in the knowledge of nature, in becoming one harmonious whole-unity with it. Tyutchev, the creator of an amazing talent, could not only hear and understand the language of nature, but also reflect its lively, rich, vibrant life in his poetically perfect works, clothe it in a concise and clear form.

The peculiarity of creating the image of the sea in the analyzed poem is the image of nature not from the outside, not as an observer. The poet and his lyrical hero are trying to understand the "soul" of nature, to hear her voice, to connect with her.

Tyutchev's nature is a rational, living being. We learn from Tyutchev to understand it, feelings and associations arise in our soul, born from the lines of the poet.

Where can I get an analysis of the poem by F. I. Tyutchev "How good you are, O night sea."

only I need what would have been there: why this poem was written, what feelings this poem evokes in the reader, what expressive means the author uses in the poem, and all that.

** Enlightened (24913) 9 years ago

Tyutchev "How good are you, O night sea ..."

“He found neither peace of mind for his thoughts, nor peace for his soul,” wrote his son-in-law Ivan Sergeevich Aksakov about Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, a well-known Slavophile publicist who became the first biographer of the poet. These lines made me think: why was his soul always restless? Many of the poet's poems partially answer this question, and we can also partially find the answer by referring to the poem "How good you are, O night sea ..."
This elegy begins with an address to the night sea, and the next three stanzas are devoted to its description. The poet imagines the sea alive: “walks and breathes”, it is majestic and absolutely free “in the free space”. it is powerful in "rumble and thunder." It does not know sadness, sadness, “foreign stars” admire it. These metaphors and epithets paint a picture of the beautiful, unaware of human grief and suffering of the sea. This poem is written by dactel, which helps to create the image of oncoming waves, this is also facilitated by cross rhymes, feminine and masculine rhymes. It all conveys wave-like motion.
The color of the sea is emphasized by the sounds [y]. [and]. [e]. that convey blue-green colors. And in the third stanza, where the poet writes about the sea holiday, the whistle of the wind and the roar of the waves are transmitted by the sounds [h]. [with]. [gr] and [p].
The sea is so free, so beautiful and carefree that the stars admire and the poet admires it. Since Tyutchev is a poet of the night, it is the night sea that he draws in this poem. The last stanza creates a completely different mood. Here we feel some kind of pain, despair, possessing the poet. Maybe this is because only five months have passed since the death of Elena Alekseevna Denisyeva. Tyutchev experienced a strong and deep feeling of love for her, which brought both joy and tormented them both, but thanks to this love, poems were written called the “Denisiev cycle” - a masterpiece of Russian love lyrics:
Oh, how deadly we love
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are the most likely to destroy
What is dear to our heart.
Perhaps on one of the sleepless nights, when the poet's soul was incinerated by suffering, he turned to the sea, envious of its impassibility and wishing to dissolve his soul, which did not know peace, in it.
Memories of Denisyeva are so instructive that in the last stanza we hear a groan, a cry of the soul, and this is emphasized by the sounds [v]. [about]. [e]. The poet yearns for his beloved and cannot forgive himself for being the indirect cause of her early death. Over there, in the waves, the poet's soul can find solace and can even merge with the soul of a lost loved one.
Tyutchev's sinful, earthly love for Denisyeva still makes him suffer. He prays to the Lord for the blessing of his soul (“when there is no God’s consent…”)
Both the poet's contemporaries and subsequent generations highly appreciated his work. And his poems also attract me, especially love lyrics. It seems to me that the poet tells in his works not only the story of his soul, but also of many loving hearts. He describes feelings so masterfully that the heart often shrinks when you read his lines, for example: “I would drown my whole soul ...” In this one line, the scale of grief is conveyed, which cannot be drowned out by anything. But the influence with nature can be found solace. I think that the poem “How good you are, O night sea…” will excite the souls of people for a long time and everyone will read something of their own in it, because, as the poet said: “There is a whole world in your soul…! ”

I Student (122) Thank you very much;)

Poem F.I. Tyutchev "How good you are, O night sea ..." (perception, interpretation, assessment)

1. The history of the creation of the work.

2. Characteristics of the work lyrical genre(type of lyrics, artistic method, genre).

4. Features of the composition of the work.

5. Analysis of the means of artistic expression and versification (the presence of tropes and stylistic figures, rhythm, meter, rhyme, stanza).

6. The meaning of the poem for the entire work of the poet.

The poem “How good you are, about the night sea ...” was written by F.I. Tyutchev in 1865. There were several versions of the work. One of latest editions the poem was handed over by the relatives of the poet I.S. Aksakov, who published them in the newspaper Den on January 22, 1865. However, the text of the work turned out to be distorted, which then caused Tyutchev's indignation. In February, the poet sent a new version of the poem to the Russky Vestnik magazine. This option is considered final.

We can attribute the poem to landscape-meditative lyrics, with elements philosophical reflection. His style is romantic. The main theme is man and nature. Genre - lyrical fragment.

In the first stanza, the lyrical hero turns to the sea, admiring the play of its colors:

How good are you, O night sea, -
Here it is radiant, there it is gray-dark ...

The pronoun "you" is present here. Tyutchev refers to the sea as a living being, like A.S. Pushkin in his poem "To the Sea". However, then the hero seems to separate himself from the water element, conveying an impression from the outside. At the same time, he endows the sea with a "living soul":

In the moonlight, as if alive,
It walks and breathes and it shines...

The play of colors, light and shadow is given here in motion, in dynamics, it merges with a sound symphony. As the researchers accurately note, in this poem Tyutchev does not have his usual opposition of sound and light, and the water element is presented not linearly, but as a surface (Gasparov M.).

In the endless, in the free space
Shine and movement, roar and thunder ...
The sea drenched in a dull radiance,
How good you are in the emptiness of the night!

Here we can also recall the poem by V.A. Zhukovsky "Sea". However, we immediately note the difference in the attitude of the lyrical hero. As the researchers note, “the lyrical “I” in Zhukovsky acts as an interpreter of the meanings of nature; this interpretation turns out to be an extrapolation of the hero's self-perception - the sea turns into his double. In Tyutchev, the sea and the lyrical hero are not identical to each other. These are two different units of the lyrical plot. We also note that in Tyutchev's work there is no opposition between the sea and the sky, but rather the poet asserts their natural unity, harmonious coexistence:

You are a great swell, you are a sea swell,
Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?
Waves are rushing, thundering and sparkling,
Sensitive stars look from above

At the same time, the lyrical hero of Tyutchev is here part of natural world. The sea enchants and hypnotizes him, plunges his soul into some kind of mysterious dream. As if plunging into the sea of ​​his feelings, he longs for complete merging with the great element:

In this excitement, in this radiance,
All, as in a dream, I'm lost standing -
Oh, how willingly in their charm
I would drown my whole soul ...

The same motif of the soul merged with the sea appears in the poem “You, my sea wave”:

Soul, soul I live
Buried at your bottom.

The researchers noted the metaphorical meaning of the poem, hinting at the poet's appeal to his beloved woman, E. Denisyeva, in the first stanza ("How good you are ..."). It is known that the poet compared his beloved with a sea wave (B.M. Kozyrev). With this interpretation of the poem, its ending sounds like the desire of the lyrical hero to completely dissolve in another being, to merge inextricably with him.

Compositionally, we can distinguish two parts in the work. In the first part, the poet creates an image of the sea element (1-3 stanzas), the second part is a description of the feelings of the lyrical hero (4th stanza). We also note the parallelism of the motives of the beginning and ending of the poem. In the first stanza, the lyrical hero speaks of his feelings (for the sea or a beloved creature): “How good you are, O night sea ...”). In the finale, we also have a lyrical confession: “Oh, how willingly in their charm I would drown my whole soul ...”. Landscape has similar features. In the first and fourth stanzas, the sea is depicted in "moonlight". In this regard, we can talk about the ring composition.

The poem is written in four-foot dactyl, quatrains, rhyming - cross. The poet uses various means artistic expressiveness: epithets (“dim radiance”, “in the free space”, “sensitive stars”), metaphor and inversion (“Oh, how willingly in their charm I would drown my whole soul ...”), personification (“Walks, and it breathes, and it shines ... ”,“ Sensitive stars look from above ”), comparison (“as if alive”), rhetorical appeal and rhetorical question in which the poet deliberately resorts to tautology (“You are a great swell, you are a sea swell, Whose Do you celebrate this holiday like that?”), polyunion (“Walks, and breathes, and it shines…”). Color epithets (“radiant”, gray-dark”) create a picturesque picture of the night sea, shimmering in the glow of the moon and stars. "High vocabulary" ("shines", "radiant") gives the speech solemn intonations. Analyzing the phonetic structure of the work, we note the assonance (“How good you are, O night sea ...”) and alliteration (“It is radiant here, it is gray-dark there ...”).

Thus, the lyrical fragment “How good you are, O night sea ...” conveys the relationship between man and nature. As the critic notes, “to be so imbued with physical self-awareness in order to feel oneself an inseparable part of nature - this is what Tyutchev succeeded more than anyone else. This feeling feeds on his wonderful "descriptions" of nature, or rather, its reflections in the poet's soul.

Listen to Tyutchev's poem How good are you

Themes of neighboring essays

Picture for composition analysis of the poem How good are you

Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev

How good are you, O night sea, -
Here it is radiant, there it is gray-dark ...
In the moonlight, as if alive,
It walks and breathes and it shines...

In the endless, in the free space
Shine and movement, roar and thunder ...
The sea drenched in a dull radiance,
How good, you are in the wilderness of the night!

You are a great swell, you are a sea swell,
Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?
Waves are rushing, thundering and sparkling,
Sensitive stars look from above.

In this excitement, in this radiance,
All, as in a dream, I'm lost standing -
Oh, how willingly in their charm
I would drown my whole soul ...

The first version of the poem "How good you are, O night sea ..." appeared on the pages of the literary and political newspaper Den in 1865. After the publication, Tyutchev expressed dissatisfaction. According to him, the editors printed the text of the work with a number of distortions. So there was a second version of the poem, which became the main one. Readers got acquainted with her in the same 1865 thanks to the magazine "Russian Messenger".

The work is dedicated to the memory of Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva, Tyutchev's beloved, who died in August 1864 from tuberculosis.

Denisyeva with her daughter 1862-1863

The death of an adored woman, an affair with which lasted for fourteen years, the poet experienced extremely hard. According to contemporaries, he did not seek to hide from the people around him the strongest pain of loss. Moreover, Fedor Ivanovich was constantly looking for interlocutors with whom one could talk about Denisyeva. According to some literary critics, it is the dedication to Elena Alexandrovna that explains the appeal of the lyrical hero to the sea on “you” in the first quatrain. Known fact- the poet compared the beloved woman with a sea wave.

The poem is divided into two parts. First, Tyutchev draws a seascape. The sea in his image, like nature in general, appears animated, spiritualized. Personifications are used to describe the picture that opens before the lyrical hero: the sea walks and breathes, the waves rush, the stars look. The second part of the work is quite short. In the last quatrain, the poet tells about the feelings experienced by the lyrical hero. He dreams of merging with nature, completely immersing himself in it. This desire is largely due to Tyutchev's passion for the ideas of the German thinker Friedrich Schelling (1775-1854). The philosopher claimed the animation of nature, believed that it has a "world soul".

Friedrich Schelling

The works of Fedor Ivanovich, dedicated to nature, in most cases represent a declaration of love for her. It seems to the poet an indescribable pleasure to be able to observe its various manifestations. Tyutchev equally likes to admire the June night, the May thunderstorm, the snow-covered forest, and so on. Often he expresses his attitude to nature with the help of exclamatory sentences expressing delight. This can also be seen in this poem:

The sea drenched in a dull radiance,
How good you are in the emptiness of the night!

The poetic work of Fyodor Tyutchev “How good you are, O night sea ...” has several versions. After the first edition of this work in the newspaper The Day, the author was very dissatisfied, because his poetic masterpiece was massively modified and did not look like the original. Therefore, he gives his work to another magazine, from the pages of which this literary creation becomes known.

The poem “How good you are, O night sea ...” was written after a bereavement, loss loved one- Beloved Elena Denisyeva. Fyodor Tyutchev and Elena Alexandrovna had a real, passionate romance that lasted for many years. And so, 1864 was the last year for a woman. She dies and this event just kills inner world author. He suffered, the pain hurt his soul. The poet was constantly looking for interlocutors to share the bitterness of loss, to talk about Elena Denisyeva. It is her who compares it with a sea wave. That is why, in poetic lines, he refers to the night sea as “you”.

My creative work The author has divided it into two parts. The first part is devoted to beautiful seascapes. Tyutchev adored, idolized everything natural phenomena, therefore, quite calmly animated, personified them. In the lines before the reader, the sea breathes, the sea walks, the stars look.

The second part of the poem is small, it consists of several terms. In it, the reader observes the sensations, feelings of the lyrical hero. He dreams of merging with seascapes, immersing himself in nature.

In his creative masterpieces, Fedor Tyutchev tried in every possible way to confess his love for nature, he was delighted with her beauties, her uniqueness and unsurpassedness. The author equally admired the snow-covered meadows, and the warm July nights, and the spacious March plains. It was at such moments that the poet used words of delight, words of tenderness. And the reader has the opportunity to feel all the emotions, all the experiences of the author with the help of his magnificent creative works.