Food industry how much. food industry

The buildings 21.09.2019
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Food industry - a set of enterprises engaged in the production of raw materials, materials and products aimed at meeting the nutritional needs of the population. The agro-industrial complex is a complex conglomerate of enterprises and organizations whose goal is to produce, process and bring products to final condition. The productivity and degree of development of agriculture has a direct impact on the quality and productive opportunities various industries Food Industry.

The main elements of the food industry in Russia

The priority direction in the country is animal husbandry. This industry provides about 65% of valuable raw materials, from which all kinds of food products are subsequently made.

There are two main areas:

  1. Meat and dairy segment;
  2. Dairy farming.

The climate and forage base are acceptable only in the European part of the state, where the main centers of production are concentrated. Almost 70% of all raw meat is replenished by pig breeding. Pork is an expensive product, but it is always of excellent quality and is in demand among consumers.

Branches of the food industry in Russia

Production facilities depend on the raw material base and consumer factors. There are three main areas in the country's food industry:

  1. Enterprises of the dairy sector, starch, molasses, sugar, canned food of plant origin gravitate to the sources of raw materials. For example, in the south there is a large ASTON concert, where butter is produced. Sugar is actively produced in the Kavkazsky region;
  2. The objects of bakery production are located throughout the country relatively evenly. Binding is carried out according to the consumer principle;
  3. Flour mills are located only near the places where raw materials are mined. The situation is similar with the meat and fish industry.

Development of food industries

In pre-revolutionary Russia, the first enterprises were formed for the subsequent development of the food industry. The flour-grinding, sugar, oil-pressing, alcohol and liquor production lines were considered the most developed. All segments developed quite actively.

The first blow to the economy came during the First World War. At that time, the productivity of all spheres fell by 3-5 times. It took several decades for all industries to fully recover. Collective farms and agricultural cooperatives were formed to produce high-quality raw materials.

During World War II, the food industry fell into decline again. However, in the post-war period, agriculture and prerogative industries were among the first to be restored. The country grew and developed rapidly. The food industry could hardly meet the needs of the population. The growing mismanagement and incorrect distribution of resources led to the fact that by the beginning of the 90s the national economy was losing up to 40% of finished products and raw materials.

Light and food industry of the countries of the world

The food and flavor industries are complex in their structure. Currently, several major groups have formed around the world. Basic industries that offer products for further processing (flour, sugar, dairy, fish, meat) are presented in the form of agricultural formations, places for slaughtering livestock and catching fish. Such products can either go immediately to the market or be transported to more complex technological processes of the enterprise.

In the food and flavor industries around the world, powerful concerns have developed that produce high-quality products with a name. For example, Nestle, Coca-Cola, Unilever and many others.

Each corporation owns a huge number of enterprises scattered around the world. Each country forms a complex of enterprises in the industrial sector according to the characteristics of its economy, the country's potential, climate and various resources.

To date, the countries with the most advanced food industry are: Australia, Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland, Chile, China. Separately, it is worth mentioning countries that are engaged in the sale of exotic goods (tea, tobacco, pearls, exotic varieties of fish, seafood, fruits, dried fruits, vegetables). The most famous of them: Uganda, India, China, Japan, Iceland, Thailand, Tanzania, Peru, Mozambique.

It is worth mentioning the fact that production in these countries is built on rather primitive principles. Most of the products are created at the base production facilities, and then transported to the regions where the most high demand for this type of product.

soft drinks industry

Wine industry

· Confectionery industry

· Canning industry

Pasta industry

Oil and fat industry

· Butter and cheese industry

Dairy industry

Flour and cereal industry

Meat industry

brewing industry

· Fruit and vegetable industry

· Poultry industry

· Fishing industry

· Sugar industry

Salt industry

Alcohol industry

· Tobacco industry

· Baking industry

The food industry is the largest component National economy, numbering more than forty separate industries engaged in the production of food both in finished form and semi-finished products.

The largest groups of food industries are:

meat, fish,

dairy (includes butter and cheese production),

flour and cereals,

food products.

The group of food industry enterprises that produce industrial goods, in turn, is divided into a variety of industries: pasta, baking, fruit and vegetable, alcohol, sugar, wine, liquor, salt, tea, etc.

There are two main categories of the food industry.

The first is those industries that work with imported raw materials and are focused on railway junctions, ports of import of products, and large industrial centers. Products manufactured in them have a high transportability. The second category includes industries focused on raw materials and on the consumer.

Most of the food industry belongs to the processing industries. However, there are enterprises included in the extractive industries: this is the extraction table salt, fish and several species of edible wild plants.

For the processing of raw materials in the food industry various ways. They are obliged to ensure the complete safety of food consumption for human health, to improve their nutritional value, taste and commercial qualities. After all, there are many food products that are not suitable for consumption in their natural form, as they contain components dangerous to human health, or are poorly absorbed. Conventional production technologies do not fully ensure the safety of ready-to-eat products. However, a change in technological processing can significantly improve the quality of food products, significantly extend the shelf life. When processing raw materials, the basis of the technological process is a series of sequential operations.

In the production of food products, processes based on bacterial and non-bacterial fermentation of food raw materials play an important role. The first includes fermentation that occurs during the manufacture of wine, cheese, beer, etc. The second includes processes that occur with the help of their own enzymes, for example, during the aging of meat. This can also include the use of artificial enzymes.

One of the main ways of processing raw materials is canning.

Recently, other methods of processing food raw materials have become widespread: sterilizing filtration (used in the production of juices, beer), tenderization (the use of electric current), the use of high-frequency currents for the fastest heat treatment.

In order to improve the health of people, other food industries are being created in economically developed countries that produce special goods.

The food industry is a set of industries whose enterprises produce mainly food products. In almost every relatively large locality There are companies in this industry. In some countries, the food industry is an industry of international specialization, in others it satisfies the needs of only its population.

The sectoral structure of the food industry is complex. It includes enterprises producing food products, as well as soap and perfumery and cosmetic products.

The location of enterprises in the industry is mainly influenced by two factors: orientation to the raw material base or to the consumer.

The location of enterprises near the areas of production of raw materials is explained by the fact that in some industries (sugar, alcohol, canning industry) the consumption of raw materials far exceeds the mass of the finished product. In addition, such agricultural raw materials are not very transportable.

The attraction of enterprises to consumption areas is explained by the fact that most food industries produce mass products that have a limited shelf life and cannot be transported over long distances. Therefore, bakeries, confectionery and pasta factories, breweries are created in areas where products are consumed, regardless of whether there are raw materials for them here.

Sugar factories are located as close as possible to sugar beet or cane crops, since these raw materials do not withstand long-distance transportation. Tobacco as a raw material does not require local processing. Therefore, tobacco factories, for example in Western Europe, use exclusively imported raw materials.

Cities have a particularly great influence on the location of the food industry, since their population is the main consumer of meat, milk, eggs, and bread.

The main type of food industry enterprises are plants, which combine the integrated use of raw materials with the complete processing of waste. There are sugar, canning, oil-fat and other factories.

For example, vegetable oil, solid fat, mayonnaise, margarine are produced at the oil and fat plant, soap, detergents, drying oil, glycerin, etc. are produced from waste. Nothing is wasted at meat-packing plants. Even the horns and hooves of animals are used in industry, and some animal organs are a valuable raw material in the manufacture of medicines.

The food industry in developed countries has achieved great success. Among them, there are those that are famous for their traditions in the production of high-quality food or stand out for the scale of production.

Denmark is called the "dairy farm" of Europe. Switzerland, the Netherlands, France are known for the production of hard cheeses. High-quality canned meat is produced by many the developed countries Europe and America, fish - Norway, Iceland, Spain and Portugal, vegetables - Bulgaria and Hungary. Italy is the birthplace of spaghetti and pizza. Germany is famous for its sausages and beer, wines - France and Spain. Recently, new industries have been developed - the production of ready-to-eat and frozen foods, various food additives.

15 .timber industry

timber industry- a set of industries related to the harvesting and processing of wood. One of the oldest branches of the economy.

The timber industry, like the chemical industry, has a rather complex structure. Conventionally, all branches of the forest complex can be divided into four groups:

Timber industry - timber harvesting

· Woodworking industry - mechanical and chemical-mechanical processing and processing of wood. plate production, furniture manufacturing, lumber production, etc.

· Pulp and paper industry - mainly chemical processing of wood, production of pulp, cardboard and paper.

· Wood chemical industry - production of charcoal, rosin and turpentine.

As in other industries in Russia based on the extraction of raw materials, a significant share of the revenue in the timber industry is generated by the export of unprocessed raw materials - roundwood. For a long time, Russia has been the main supplier of wood raw materials to Europe and the Middle East, to China and Japan.

In addition to country specifics, there are common features development of the industry: an increase in the market shares of substitute products and a reduction in the shares of wood and paper products. For example, the advent of plastic packaging has led to a reduction in the consumption of paper, and the development of the Internet has led to a reduction in the consumption of newsprint.

In Russia, there is no private ownership of forest land, which is replaced by long-term lease of forest land for recreational and logging purposes. However, in a number of countries there is private ownership of land. For example, in the United States, forest land management is a big business worth more than $500 billion. forest land in the country occupy about 500 million acres, of which 53% are owned by private owners who are not industrialists, 30% are publicly owned, 4% are owned by industrialists, and 8% are owned by financial investors.

Introduction

In Russia, the food industry has a huge potential. This is due to the presence of large resource bases and the abundance of agricultural products. It should be noted that at present the food industry in our country is one of the leading.

Our manufacturers adopt the experience of their foreign colleagues and are not afraid to experiment. It is very important that they take care of the technical and technological renewal of production. In addition, our state strictly monitors that all food safety standards are observed.

The food industry in Russia is represented by thousands of enterprises of various forms of ownership and different size. A large number of manufacturers leads to very high competition in the sales market. Therefore, the food industry today does not stand still. All the time there is an introduction of various technical innovations.

It should be noted that almost the entire assortment in grocery stores is currently made up of domestically produced goods. This is evidence of progress in the development of the Russian food industry.

The food industry in Russia unites about 30 industries, which are characterized by certain biotechnologies for the manufacture of products and various organization of production. The largest of them can be called the following groups of industries: meat, dairy, oil and fat, confectionery, baking, brewing.

The economic and food security of the country and the health of the population largely depend on the results of the work of food industry enterprises. However, now the situation of many food industry enterprises remains quite difficult. This is due to factors such as lack of funds for technical re-equipment, low purchasing power of the population, high prices for imported raw materials.

Based on the foregoing, the purpose of this work is to identify the main problems in the development of food industry enterprises in Russia and ways to solve them.

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

Consider food industry enterprises by industry;

Analyze the results of the work of enterprises in 2010;

Analyze state of the art food industry enterprises in Russia, their features and main tasks for development;

The work was written with the help of articles from periodicals, mainly the journal "Food Industry" and "Economic Sciences.

General characteristics of food industry enterprises in Russia

Characteristics of food industry enterprises by industry

One of the features of the Russian food industry is the formation of vertically integrated corporations. Confectionery, fat-and-oil, dairy, meat-processing branches of the food industry are represented by various large holdings. So, in the oil and fat industry, a large manufacturer, the NMGK group of companies, includes various plants and plants operating in all cycles of the production of oil and fat products. The large Siberian holding "Russian meat products" has not only meat processing and manufacturing enterprises, but also its own distribution network,.

In the food market of Russia, enterprises producing food products can be divided into the following main groups:

1) large vertically integrated holdings focused on the development of production based on their own raw material base (they began to form in the mid-90s) - Cherkizovsky Meat Processing Plant, Wimm-Bill-Dann, CJSC "Parnas M".

2) transnational corporations with production facilities in the Moscow region and other regions of the country (began to appear in the first half of the 90s) - "Danone" (France); "Ehrmann", "Campina" (Germany); LLC "Pepsi-Cola General Bottlers", "Mars" (USA); Cadbury (Great Britain);

3) holding companies with participation of foreign capital - OAO Baltika Brewing Company, Kampomos; OAO Petmol.

4) regional processing enterprises that started work back in Soviet period and successfully passed the stage of reorganization of the management and production structure in the second half of the 90s.

5) small production shops, entrepreneurs without education legal entity, as a rule, producing and selling their products in the same region.

At the beginning of 2008, the food industry in Russia included 49,973 operating enterprises (including enterprises producing beverages and tobacco).

Food industry enterprises have a number of features that determine their production structure:

Seasonality of production in industries processing agricultural raw materials, seasonality of use in them work force and uneven loading of fixed production assets throughout the year;

A high level of material intensity of manufactured products, which requires taking into account the influence of the economic mechanism on the level of use of raw materials and other material resources, economic incentives to improve the quality of agricultural raw materials and final food products;

The specific nature of production in a number of industries, which is manifested in significant volumes of production of products that quickly deteriorate and require short periods of storage and sale;

The material and technical base of the food industry, which necessitates its saturation modern technology, progressive technologies as an important prerequisite for the intensification of management at the enterprises of the industry;

The focus of production on the direct consumer, which makes the food industry the most susceptible to the introduction of market relations that affect the organizational structure;

The need to introduce new food products with overcoming various organizational barriers that arise in the process of differentiation and diversification of the industry;

The high qualification skills and abilities required of workers who, due to the small number of vocational educational institutions that train modern workers for food industry enterprises, have to be trained at enterprises, .

Consider the food industry in each industry.

The bakery industry is one of the leading branches of the food industry. More than 18 thousand bakeries operate in this industry (including 1.5 thousand large ones), among which more than 50% are small bakeries.

One of the features of the baking industry is the concentration of production capacities at large enterprises and, at the same time, the presence of a large number of small enterprises. various forms property. The industry is represented by both newcomers - private bakeries, and former state-owned bakeries, which were corporatized during privatization.

In Russia, the bulk of bread production is concentrated in large enterprises. More than 80% of all bakery products are produced here. Bakery enterprises of relatively small capacity (3500 thousand tons of products per year), which are called mini-bakeries, have become widespread, the number of which is 10 thousand.

Small businesses have adapted to the demands of the market and occupy their segment by developing a wider range of products and finding enterprises within walking distance from the buyer.

In the last decade, 200 bakeries out of 1500 have ceased to exist, many dozens of bakeries have reduced bread production by several times. Production of bakery products, according to official statistics, in last years is declining: in 2000, 9.1 million tons of products were produced, in 2003 - 7.8 million tons.

In 2004-2005 there is, although insignificant, but an increase in production volumes (8.1 million tons and 8.4 million tons, respectively). However, in 2008, the analyzed indicator fell again to 7.5 million tons. Despite the decline in production volumes, the population's need for them was fully satisfied.

As for meat processing enterprises, they continue to operate in conditions of an acute shortage of the main production resource - domestic raw materials of animal origin. However, the macroeconomic indicators of the meat industry retain a positive trend - since 2001, the production volumes of the main types of meat products have been growing. So in 2008, 2016.9 thousand tons of poultry meat were produced (11.6% more than in 2007), pork - 501.7 thousand tons (at the level of 2007). At the same time, 280.3 thousand tons of beef were produced, which is 1.4% lower than in 2007.

Enterprises harvest and slaughter livestock, poultry, producing meat, canned meat, sausages, semi-finished products (cutlets, dumplings). Along with the production of food products, dry animal feed is produced, which is valuable medical preparations(insulin, heparin), as well as adhesives, gelatin and feather-down products.

The dairy industry is a branch of the food industry that combines enterprises for the production of various dairy products from milk. The industry includes enterprises for the production of animal butter, whole milk products, canned milk, powdered milk, cheese, cheese, ice cream, casein and other dairy products.

The production of dairy products in Russia is stagnating due to the lack of raw materials caused by the still difficult situation in the country's livestock complex, a significant reduction in the number of dairy herds and, consequently, a decrease in gross milk yield in farms of all categories. Over the past 5 years, the production of raw materials (milk) in farms of all categories has practically not grown and is kept at the level of 32 million tons.

As of 2008, due to the shortage of domestic raw materials, the average annual capacities of enterprises are used by less than half: for the production of animal butter - by 30.8%, dry whole milk - by 40.5%, skimmed milk powder - by 48%, canned food dairy - by 50.4%. This indicates significant potential for the industrial processing of raw materials (milk), increasing the production of dairy products in a wide range.

Modern dairy plants or factories carry out complex processing of raw materials, produce a wide range of products, are equipped with mechanized and automated lines for bottling products into bottles, bags and other types of containers, pasteurizers and coolers, separators, evaporators, cheese makers, automatic packaging machines.

It is noteworthy that mini-factories for the production of milk and fermented milk products. Such factories can be placed on the territory of a small settlement, military camp or farm. Such mini-workshops are produced at the factory, completely ready for work. The leaders among various milk processing workshops are KOLAKS mini-productions, which is confirmed by various awards received by the developers and manufacturers of these mini-factories.

Thus, at present, farmers can compete with monopoly plants in their region, since such mini-production requires significantly lower costs compared to a large plant. This is due to the cost of transporting raw materials, and the wages of employees. In addition, farmers have the opportunity to process their own raw materials without the participation of intermediaries.

2010 was a landmark year for the Russian milk processing market. The two largest players were taken over by international corporations: the French holding Danone took over Unimilk, and American company PepsiCo acquired Wimm-Bill-Dann, .

The oil and fat industry of Russia combines a complex of industries interconnected by the commonality of the feedstock and the sequence of stages of its processing. Different groups of industries are also characterized by the general purpose of the products they produce.

Oil and fat products (vegetable oil, margarine, mayonnaise) are produced by 76 large enterprises (including 52 oil plants) and 1300 small workshops and enterprises different forms property. Over the past 5 years, according to Rosstat, the capacity of enterprises for the processing of oilseeds has increased from 4.39 to 7.97 million tons (1.8 times).

New large processing enterprises have been built. Corporation "ASTON" has put into operation the oil extraction plant LLC "ASTON" for the processing of sunflower seeds. Sodruzhestvo Group of Companies has launched a soybean processing plant in the Kaliningrad region. In addition, small-capacity enterprises are being built to meet the needs of local population some regions of the country in oil and fat products.

At present, the main producers of vegetable oils are the Yug Rusi agricultural holding, whose enterprises are located in the main regions for the production of oilseeds. Thus, one of the factories of the agricultural holding OOO Zolotaya Semechka is the largest in Russia in the production of vegetable oils. The plant's capacity is 3000 tons of oilseeds processing per day, or 1 million 100 thousand tons per year.

Processing of fruit and vegetable products in the Russian Federation began to revive after the 1998 crisis: juices, compotes, jams, canned vegetables, frozen vegetables and fruits made in Russia are regaining lost ground,.

The main share (85%) of fruit and vegetable products continues to be produced by specialized large and medium-sized enterprises.

The share of Russian producers in the canned fruit and vegetable market is about 10%. The main ketchup producers on the Russian market are Baltimore, Petrosoyuz, and Unilever. Today, the largest enterprises for the production of crispy potatoes include Frito Lay Manufacturing LLC (Moscow Region), Russian Product OJSC (Moscow), R.S.K. (Moscow region) and JSC "Pishchekombinat Vologda".

The main difficulties for enterprises are the low quality of agricultural raw materials, the lack of cash working capital necessary to ensure uninterrupted production, low level of equipment with modern types of technological equipment. The problem of selling canned fruits and vegetables is acute.

The confectionery industry is an industry that produces high-calorie food products, which usually contains a large number of Sahara. The sector of production of chocolate and chocolate products remains the most dynamically developing in the industry. The Russian market of chocolate products is highly concentrated.

Almost all-Russian sales of chocolate products are accounted for by 6 large giants. These are the international giants of the confectionery industry: Nestle (in Russia it owns the Samara confectionery factory Rossiya, the Kama confectionery factory in Perm and the Altai confectionery factory in Barnaul), Kraft Foods (owns the Pokrov confectionery factory, Vladimirovskaya Oblast) and Mars (USA), Cadbury, the United Confectioners holding, which includes the largest domestic chocolate producers - Rot Front OJSC, Krasny Oktyabr IFF OJSC, the Babaevsky concern and the SladCo confectionery association, consisting of JSC "SladKo" (Yekaterinburg) and JSC "Confectionery factory "Volzhanka" (Ulyanovsk).

SladCo is one of the largest manufacturers of confectionery products in Russia, one of the ten leaders in the confectionery industry and produces all major types of confectionery products - chocolate, sweets, caramel, cookies, waffles.

In recent years, a number of new enterprises and workshops have been organized. The number of specialized enterprises has increased. There are about 200 of them, more than half of which are small (with a capacity of up to 5 thousand tons per year). At the same time, the number of enterprises with a capacity of over 20 thousand tons is growing, where the capacity utilization factor is significantly higher than the industry average (about 70%).

The enterprises of the confectionery industry control approximately 87% of consumer market. In general, at present, the country's confectionery industry can be characterized as a successfully functioning link in the agro-industrial complex. There are 1,500 specialized and other food enterprises in the industry producing confectionery products with a total average annual production capacity of 3.3 million tons, .

Over the past ten years, the Russian brewing industry has gone from one of the backward branches of the food industry to an efficient sector of the Russian agro-industrial complex.

Among the important trends in the industry is the desire to consolidate the brewing market through large-scale mergers. The main reasons for this are a noticeable increase in prices for the main raw materials (malting barley, malt and hops), as well as packaging materials.

As a result of consolidation, 6 large companies control 90% of the Russian beer market. These are Baltika (38%), SanInbev (19%), Heineken (14%), Efes (10%), Sab Miller (5%), Ochakovo (4%) companies.

OJSC Baltika Brewing Company is the largest Russian brewing company, the leader of the Russian beer market with a share of more than 42%.

The Baltika brand is one of two Russian brands (along with Lukoil) included in the list of 100 largest global brands compiled in April 2007 by the British newspaper Financial Times.

In recent years, there has been significant progress in providing the industry with domestically produced malt. Malt production increased from 490 thousand tons (2000) to 1.4 million tons in 2008, that is, it increased almost 3 times. The main contribution to this achievement was made by brewing companies, which built and commissioned malt plants. These are Baltika, Ochakovo, Efes companies. In addition, the Russian Malt company built and put into operation malting plants in the Moscow region (Voronovo village), Voronezh region (Elevatorny village), and Oryol region (Znamenka village) with a production capacity of 100 thousand tons per year of malt each. All built malting plants are equipped with high-performance equipment, introduced modern technologies malt production.

The production of soft drinks and mineral waters continues to develop at a fairly high pace. The production of soft drinks in 2008 amounted to 601.8 million decalitres, or 100.6% of the production in 2007, mineral water - 8005.8 million half liters, or 110.2% of the 2007 volume.

The main producers of soft drinks and mineral waters in Russia, along with the world leaders Coca-Cola and PepsiCo: OST-AQUA CJSC, Megapak LLC, PK Master LLC, Borodino CJSC of the Moscow Region, Moscow Beer - Non-Alcoholic Plant " Ochakovo".

Currently in Russia there is a consolidation of the industry, which is associated with an increase in the market share of its participants. The main role here is played by the transnational corporations Danone, Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, Nestle and some large Russian producers of dairy products and juices - Wimm-Bill-Dann.

In the face of fierce competition Russian manufacturers soft drinks (including mineral waters), much attention is paid to improving the quality of products and improving the design of the design.

The food industry is the most important branch of the economy, creating food products based on the processing of agricultural raw materials (grain, potatoes, sugar beet, oilseeds, meat, milk, fish, etc.). Its composition includes large group(more than 20) industries and sub-sectors, the main ones (according to the share in the production of the industry's products) of which are: meat, dairy, bakery, fish, oil and fat, flour-grinding, wine-making, sugar, canning, confectionery. Using raw materials of plant and animal origin, the food industry (along with light industry) is more connected with agriculture than other industries. Hence - the originality of the location of its enterprises, in some cases their special nature of work (seasonality of production, etc.).

The placement of the food industry as a whole is determined by the action of raw materials and consumer factors.

Depending on the predominant role of the raw material or consumer factor in the food industry, three groups of industries are distinguished.

Industries whose enterprises should be located near sources of raw materials. These include industries in which the consumption of raw materials far exceeds the weight of finished products (material-intensive industries). For example, the cost of sugar beet per 1 ton of sugar is 5-7 tons. In addition, sugar beet loses its quality during long-term storage or long-distance transportation. For this reason, the places of production of sugar (sand) territorially coincide with areas of developed beet growing: the Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Volga regions, the south of the Central region, the south of Siberia and the Far East.

A similar dependence on raw material bases is also observed in the location of oil mills. Since the yield of vegetable oil from sunflower seeds is 39-44% of the weight of the processed seeds (depending on the method of processing), they are placed in the areas of sunflower cultivation - in the North Caucasus (provides more than half of the vegetable oil production in Russia), in the Central Black Earth (are allocated Voronezh and Belgorod regions - more than 20%) and Volga (Volgograd, Astrakhan region - 14%) regions. Closely connected with the sources of raw materials are the canning (canning of fruits, vegetables, milk, fish), the starch and oil industry, etc.

The Far East (Primorsky Krai, Sakhalin and Kamchatka region) and Severny (Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions) districts and the Kaliningrad region; canned fruits and vegetables North Caucasus(Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, Rostov Region - more than 40% of the country's production), Central Chernozem and Volga regions.

to the industries enterprises of which gravitate towards the places of consumption of finished products, include industries that produce perishable products, the weight of which, as a rule, exceeds the weight of the feedstock (baking, confectionery, pasta, dairy industry, etc.).

The third group consists of industries (industries), initial stages which are engaged in the processing of agricultural raw materials at their sources, and the final ones (packaging, bottling, etc.) are placed at the points of consumption of finished products. These are wine-making (plants of primary and secondary winemaking), tea (tea and tea-packing factories), tobacco (fermentation and tobacco factories), meat, flour-grinding and some other industries.

The meat industry, the largest (in terms of gross output and number of employees) branch of the food industry, produces meat, sausages, canned meat and other meat products. Enterprises specialized in slaughtering livestock (since it is inefficient to transport live cattle over long distances - website), meat freezing, and the production of canned meat gravitate towards the bases of raw materials (areas of developed animal husbandry). The main regions for this type of production are the North Caucasian, Ural, Volga, Central Black Earth and West Siberian regions. In places of consumption (mainly large industrial centers) there are enterprises specialized in the production of fresh meat, sausages and other meat products. Their production is available in all regions, but on an especially large scale - in the cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Novosibirsk, Rostov-on-Don, etc.

In the CIS countries, the food industry is represented quite widely. Of particular note is the specialization of Kazakhstan in the production of meat, canned meat and other meat products, Ukraine and Moldova - in the production of granulated sugar, sunflower oil, grape wines and canned fruits and vegetables, the republics of the Caucasus - tea, wine and cognac products, the republics of Central Asia - dried fruits .

The article deals with enterprises food industry Russia: production in 2014 of the main types of products and the structure of the owners of organizations. Total Considered 240 organizations ( 471 enterprise, taking into account the production facilities that are part of the holdings) of the food industry, producing on average about half of the total Russian production according to the product range listed in the article ( 21 view).

1. Meat production

in 2014 amounted to 5811 thousand tons.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

CJSC "Prioskolie"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

PRODO LLC

Ramosa Holdings Limited 100%

OJSC Cherkizovo Group

"Agro Invest Brinki"

JSC "AGRO INVEST Brinki B V" 100%

ABH Miratorg LLC

2 offshore

LLC GK "Agro-Belogorye"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

KoPITANIYA LLC (Novosibirsk, Volgograd, Tver)

DAYNESWOOD INVESTMENTS LIMITED (DAYNESWOOD) 100%

OOO Chelny-Broiler

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "Kamsky Bacon"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

CJSC Alekseevsky Bacon (since 2014 APK DON LLC)

LLC "INCOM MARKET" 50%

LLC "MYASO-SOYUZ T" - 50%

OJSC "Rusagro"

ROS AGRO PLC (Cyprus) 100%

CJSC "Elinar-Broiler" (MO)

CJSC "ELINAR" 100%

JSC "Rusgrain Holding"

CJSC Siberian Agrarian Group

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC Velikoluksky Meat Processing Plant

Podvalny V.A. 100%

LLC "KOMOS GROUP"

HYPERFOODS HOLDING LLC 100%

Eurodon LLC (Rostov region)

Citizens of the Russian Federation 60%

Brimstone Investments Limited 40%

OAO Reftinskaya Poultry Farm

Miniproperty - 100%

OJSC "Novosibirsk Poultry Farm"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 90%

CJSC AVK "Exima"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "Agrofirma Ariant"

JSC "CHEMK" 50%; OAO Kuznetsk Ferroalloys 50%

"AgroPromkomplektatsiya"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 51%

JSC "RISALTO VENCHESTER LTD" 49%

OAO OMPK (Ostankino)

OOO "POULTRY FACTORY AKASHEVSKAYA"

MarFinInvest LLC 100%

CJSC "INZHAVINSKAYA POULTRY FACTORY"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

Zvenigovsky MK

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

CJSC "White Bird" (Belgorod)

Holding "BEZRK-Belgrankorm" (Belgorod)

As a result: Private company "Laurell Limited" 100%

Total considered:

3832,628

*Only pork in live weight.

**Pork and poultry in live weight.

*** Only birds in live weight.

Alas, I had to use data in live weight due to the lack of data on finished products. You should keep this in mind.

Manufacturers using offshore services and honest owners are distributed by about half.

2. Sausages

in 2014, Russian enterprises produced 2357.3 thousand tons.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

PRODO LLC

Ramosa Holdings Limited 100%

JSC "Cherkizovsky Meat Processing Plant"

MB Capital Partners Ltd. (Bermuda) - 48.51%;

"The Bank of New York Mellon" - 28.46%;

"CREDIT SUISSE AG" (Switzerland) - 12.58%

JSC "Ostankino Meat Processing Plant"

"BELLMAR CAPITAL INVESTMENT LIMITED" (Belize) 22.88%;

HONEYDROPS EQUITIES INC. (BVI) 24.58%;

"ABSI ENTERPRISES LIMITED" (Belize) 24.63%;

"RENOVA INVESTMENT LIMITED" (Belize) 24.61%

CJSC "Mikoyanovsky Meat Processing Plant"

CJSC "OCHAKOVO-LOGISTIC" 12.49%;

ZAO AVK Exima 87.51%

JSC "Tsaritsyno"

Citizens of the Russian Federation - 82.26%

JSC "Meat-packing plant "Sochi"

COWELL HOLDINGS LIMITED (Cyprus) 99.98%

OJSC "Dzerzhinsky Meat Processing Plant"

Pokrov LLC 98.77%

OAO Kirov Meat Processing Plant

Citizens of the Russian Federation - 82.02%

OJSC "Medvedovsky Meat Processing Plant" (Rostov-on-Don)

Armada LLC 95.71%

JSC "MK "Nakhodkinsky"

"PENTAGRO HOLDINGS LIMITED" (Cyprus) 50.59%;

OOO NMK Invest 40%

Rusgrain Holding

ARBOGATE INVESTMENTS LIMITED 19.03%;

KORVOLEX HOLDING LIMITED 12.19%;

PLASMA ENTERPRISES LIMITED 9.58% (all Cyprus);

Rusgrain (Overseas) Ltd (BVI) 18.63%;

Rusgrain Holding Limited (Cyprus) 19.35%

Total considered:

601,6357

*Production for Klinsky MK, Permsky MK and Kalachinsky MK based on their daily productivity.

**Tentative.

There is no Federal Property Management Agency among the owners of enterprises in the meat processing industry.

3. Marketable food fish products (without canned food)

in 2014, 3644 thousand tons of marketable fish food products were produced.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

OJSC "Murmansk Trawl Fleet"

CJSC Northern Alliance 79.13 [CJSC Rybprominvest 100%];

Busygin I.K. 8.7%;

CJSC "Rybprominvest" 3.506%

OJSC "Nakhodka Base of Active Marine Fishing"

CJSC "Dalinvestgroup" 81.78%

OJSC Okeanrybflot (P.-Kamch.)

De Yong Tyak 32.68%;

Yevtushok I.P. 32.68%;

Ponomarev V.A. 32.68%;

OOO SK "Kairos" 1.97%

OJSC "Arkhangelsk Trawl Fleet"

LLC "VIRMA" 75%;

LLC Fishing Company Virma 25%

JSC "ROK-1" (S.-P.)

Members of the Board of Directors 22.23%

EBRD 40.08% (London)

OJSC "ATLANTRYBFLOT" Kaliningrad

FOR-Fishing CJSC 60.4%;

ZAO RPK Rybflot-FOR39.5%

"Fishing collective farm "New World"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC "Murmansk Provincial Fleet"

OJSC Murmansk Trawl Fleet 100%

OJSC "Ozernovsky RKZ No. 55"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC "HK "Dalmoreprodukt"

JSC "Preobrazhenskaya Base of Trawl Fleet"

CJSC Trade House Fili 23.44%;

Vympel LLC 12.08%;

citizens of the Russian Federation 48.58%

JSC "TURNIF" (Vladivostok)

CJSC "INTRAROS" 24.25%;

"Russian Fishery Company" (it is until 2014 - LLC "Russian Sea - Production") - 75.75% [citizens of the Russian Federation 75%]

CJSC "INTRAROS" 24.25%;

"Russian Fishery Company" (it is until 2014 - LLC "Russian Sea - Production") - 75.75% [OCTOMER TRADE LIMITED 10%, OVEGO TRADING LIMITED 5%]

JSC "RK "Primorets"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 94.36%

Total considered:

*Tentative.

Among the considered manufacturers of fish products, state property is also not observed. It can be noted that there are not so many offshore companies and foreigners in this segment as in the meat segment.

4773 thousand tons

4. Vegetable oil

was produced in Russia in 2014.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

GC "Yug Rusi"

Yug Rusi Group Plc. (Cyprus) 100%

JSC "Atkarsky MEZ"

JSC "Kazan MEZ"

PJSC Nefis Cosmetics 100%

OJSC "Uryupinsky MEZ"

ZAO NITO-VEK 94.82%

JSC "MZhK" Armavir "

OOO M.E.Z. 100% [Burov V.Yu. 49%]

OOO M.E.Z. 100% [Company Bellarain Management Limited (Cyprus) 51%]

OJSC EFKO (Alekseevka)

EFKO Foods - 100%

JSC "Orenburg Oil Extraction Plant"

OAO "Orelrastmaslo"

Litota LLC 100%

GK "Aston" (Millerovsky and Morozovsky oil extraction plant)

Aston Agro - Industrial AG" (Switzerland) 100%

OJSC "Rusagro" (Bezenchuk and Yekaterinburg)

ROS AGRO PLC (Cyprus) 100%

LLC "Bunge CIS" (Voronezh region)

Comp "Bunge Cyprus" and Comp "Brunello Lee" 100%

Total considered:

* Anninsky Oil Extraction Plant, Liskinsky, Labinsky, plants in Rostov-on-Don and Kropotkin, Krasnodar MZhK, Valuysky and Chernyansky vegetable oil plants.

***Tentative.

Again there is no Federal Property Management Agency as a species. But almost all manufacturers are offshore or foreigners.

5. Margarine

(including special fats) in 2013, 11 holdings and individual enterprises produced in Russia:

Company

Share in the industry 2013,%

Production in 2013, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

JSC "EFKO Foods"

EFKO Foods 100%

ZAO Zhirovoi Kombinat

"Cargill" (Efremov)

Cargill 100% (USA)

JSC "NMGK"

PKF Profit LLC 100%

OJSC "Evdakovskiy MZhK"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 20.76%; OOO "Task" 76%

OJSC "Novosibirsk ZhK"

LLC "Zh.K." 100% [citizens of the Russian Federation 30%]

LLC "Zh.K." 100% [COMPANY ONEOS HOLDINGS LIMITED 70%]

OJSC "Samara Zhirkombinat"

PKF Profit LLC 100%

JSC "Ekaterinburg ZhK"

OAO Irkutsk MZhK

Citizens of the Russian Federation 81.17%

OJSC Perm Margarine Plant

PKF Profit LLC 100%

Unilever 100%

Total considered:

There are only two producers of margarine and special fats with Russian founders and shareholders: Evdakovskiy MZhK and Irkutsk MZhK. They produce only 8% of the total Russian output of the product. The rest are either taken offshore or are honest foreign businesses.

6. Dairy products

can only be considered for 2012. In 2012, 10.7 million tons were produced.

Company

Share in the industry 2012,%

Production in 2012, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

JSC "Wimm-Bill-Dann" (24 plants)

PEPSI-COLA (BERMUDA) LIMITED 100%

"Unimilk"

Danone Industry LLC (18 factories)

"DAIRY JV Holdings Lim." (Cyprus) 100%

OAO MK "Voronezh"

Ponomarev A.N. 88.97%

Ermann LLC

Ehrmann AG 100%

Campina LLC

Friesland Campina 100%

OJSC "Ostankinsky MK"

Milkiland N.V. 100% (Holland)

OAO Moloko (Shakhunya)

Citizens of the Russian Federation 85.43%

CJSC "Alekseevsky Milk Canning Plant"

VAMIN Tatarstan 100%

JSC "Irbit Dairy Plant"

Miniproperty 100%

Total considered:

At last! The firstborn of state property in the food industry - " Irbit dairy plant". Produces only about 1% domestic dairy products. The rest is PEPSI and other near-offshore foreigners.

7. Canned food

in 2014, 10,890 million conditional cans (MCB) of canned food of all kinds (including juices) were produced.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production 2014, MUB

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

Pepsico (JSC "Lebedyansky" and "Wimm-Bill-Dann" in total 30 plants)

ZAO Glavprodukt

LLC "Glavprodukt-invest" 100% [CORP "Universal Beverage Company" 100%]

JSC "Gardens Pridonya"

Samokhin A.P. 100%

LLC "Interagrosystems" (Belorechensk) Viko, Juicy Valley

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "Sunfruit" (Perm) Handsome, fruit island

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "Bonduelle-Kuban"

Simplified JSC "Bonduelle-Development" 95%;

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 5%

OJSC "Belmolprodukt"

INSTOW INVESTMENTS LIMITED 100% (Cyprus)

ZAO Yuzhmorrybflot (Vladivostok)

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

"Canning Holding Uncle Vanya" 2 plants

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

Kuban Canned Food LLC (Cecab)

Simplified Joint Stock Company "BONDUELLE DE…" 100%

CJSC "Orsk Meat Processing Plant"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC "HK "Dalmoreprodukt"

DVS-RPTE.LTD. (Singapore) 72.67%

LLC "PomidorProm Active" (Ogorodnikov)

Company "PomidorProm Holdings Limited" 90.91%;

CJSC "VOSTOCHNAYA GEOLOGICAL EXPEDITION" 9.09%

CJSC COMPANY OVA

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "ECOPRODUCT"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

Coca-Cola (Nidan-Soki LLC and Multon CJSC)

CJSC "Multon": COMPANY "ADELINK LIMITED" 100%; LLC "Nidan-Juices" - NIDAN HOLDING LIMITED 100%

Total considered:

7650,897

*Approximate data for juice production only.

*** Estimated.

**** Data of the consulting company Euromonitor on the players of the canned vegetable market.

*****year 2013.

The market leaders are Pepsi and Coca-Cola, which produce more than 42% of Russian canned goods. The Federal Property Management Agency does not own any assets in this area of ​​activity.

8. Flour

in 2014, 9700 thousand tons were produced.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

OJSC "Makfa"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 90.71%

APK "Stoilenskaya Niva" (3 plants of x / products)

JSC "Melnik" (Barnaul)

ZAO ALADUSHKIN Group 100%

JSC "Rusgrain Holding"

ARBOGATE INVESTMENTS LIMITED 19.03%;

KORVOLEX HOLDING LIMITED 12.19%;

PLASMA ENTERPRISES LIMITED 9.58% (all Cyprus);

Rusgrain (Overseas) Ltd (BVI) 18.63%;

Rusgrain Holding Limited (Cyprus) 19.35%

JSC "Perm flour mill"

JSC "OZK" 34%; ZAO "MAK" 26.85%

(11 factories)

Nikitenko V.N. 24.97%;

CJSC "ALFA-TECHFORM" 22.57%;

LLC "QUEEN INVEST" 16.3%

PGI LOGISTIC LLC 24.76%

JSC "KHP im. Grigorovich"

Bersar LLC 100%

JSC "Lukhovitsky flour mill"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 95.1%

JSC "Varnensky KHP"

Soyuzpishcheprom Association LLC 100%

JSC "Kazanzernoprodukt"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC "Krasnodarzernoprodukt"

LLC "Kubanagrobusiness" 29.7%;

Trading-V LLC 29.83%;

0.186% - citizens of the Russian Federation

OAO MK "Voronezh"

CJSC "Russian Food Company" 39.3%;

CJSC "Agrocom Inc" 14.92%;

OOO "Ruszernosnab" 14.98%

OAO Istra-Hleboprodukt

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

RAZGULYAY GROUP OJSC (6 plants)

CHANDLOR LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.6%;

ATONLINE LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.91%

Total considered:

2540,166

**Tentative.

State property is represented in flour production by two assets: 34% (via "OZK") producing about 1,5% domestic flour. AND . Razgulyay also produces about 1,5% torments of Russia. Offshores are commonplace.

Production data

9. Cereals

pretty limited. In total, 1520 thousand tons of cereals were produced in 2014.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

JSC "Poltava Combine of Grain Products" (JSC "GROUP "RAZGULAY")

AMORIL HOLDING LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.6%;

OLFRIN ASSOCIATES LIMITED (Cyprus) 8.23;

TAPSHAW INVEST LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.13%;

CHANDLOR LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.6%;

STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY (USA) 4.62%;

RAZGOULIAY-UKRROS GROUP LIMITED (Cyprus) 6.31%;

ATONLINE LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.91%

JSC "Hercules" (Klin)

OAO United Grain Company 25.5%

JSC "KHP im. Grigorovich"

Bersar LLC 100%

JSC "Melnik" (Barnaul)

Herfstbos B.V. (Netherlands) 91.89%

JSC "Rusgrain Holding"

ARBOGATE INVESTMENTS LIMITED 19.03%;

KORVOLEX HOLDING LIMITED 12.19%;

PLASMA ENTERPRISES LIMITED 9.58% (all Cyprus);

Rusgrain (Overseas) Ltd (BVI) 18.63%;

Rusgrain Holding Limited (Cyprus) 19.35%

OJSC "Makfa"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 90.71%

JSC "Krasnodarzernoprodukt"

ZAO Krasnodarzernoprodukt 29.98%;

LLC "Kubanagrobusiness" 29.7%;

Trading-V LLC 29.83%;

0.186% - citizens of the Russian Federation

Total considered:

In the cereal production segment, the Federal Property Management Agency also has two assets: through VEB again 19.97% OJSC Razgulay - this is 9% cereal production. And 25.5% OJSC "Hercules" through OZK. The latter enterprise produces a modest 0.3% of the domestic output of cereals.

10. Production of animal feed

amounted to 23 million tons in 2014.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

JSC "BEZRK-Belgrankorm" (Belgorod)

Citizens of the Russian Federation 11.22%

LLC "Belgorod granulated feed" 64.9%;

OOO "Belgrankorm-holding" 12.69%

[all Private company "Laurell Limited" 100%]

JSC "LUZINSKY FEED PLANT"

LLC "PRODO FINANCE" 100%

JSC "Rusgrain Holding"

ARBOGATE INVESTMENTS LIMITED 19.03%;

KORVOLEX HOLDING LIMITED 12.19%;

PLASMA ENTERPRISES LIMITED 9.58% (all Cyprus);

Rusgrain (Overseas) Ltd (BVI) 18.63%;

Rusgrain Holding Limited (Cyprus) 19.35%

APK Stoilenskaya Niva

LLC "MK-HOLDING" [Commercial company VENIGEN MANAGEMENT LIMITED] 100%

OJSC "Leningrad Combine of Bread Products named after S.M. Kirov (2 factories)

ZAO ALADUSHKIN Group 100%

JSC "Hercules" (Klin)

OAO United Grain Company 25.5%

Cargill the Netherlands Holding BV The Netherlands 74.3%

JSC "KHP im. Grigorovich"

Bersar LLC 100%

JSC "Kazanzernoprodukt"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

OJSC "Rusagro"

ROS AGRO PLC (Cyprus) 100%

"Prioskolie"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

CJSC "Gatchinsky feed mill"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

CJSC "Stavropol Broiler"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

CJSC "Aleyskzernoprodukt"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

OJSC "Volkhovskiy Feed Mill"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

CJSC "Novooskolsky feed mill"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

OAO Istra-Hleboprodukt

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

ABH Miratorg (Belgorod region)

2 offshore

CJSC "White Bird" (Belgorod region)

CJSC "AGROPLUS" [STEFONT DEVELOPMENT LIMITED] 100%

Total considered:

6435,658

*Tentative.

The asset of the Federal Property Management Agency is the same OJSC "Hercules"(through OAO United Grain Company - 25.5%). He produces modest 0,48% domestic production of compound feed.

11. Bread

produces a great variety of enterprises in Russia. Their name is legion. We will touch only on the largest manufacturers for which we managed to find open data.

In 2014, 6537.5 thousand tons of bread were produced.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

OAO Fazer (S.-P.)

(former OAO Khlebny Dom)

CITIZENS OF RUSSIA 2.08%;

OAO EKB ZVEZDNYY 0.15%

"FAZER WAKERIES B.V." (Amsterdam) 86.92%;

COMPANY "CHELUM OYU" 6.54%;

COMPANY "OYU GUZI" 3.61%;

OAO Fazer 0.66%

OAO Karavay (S.-P.)

Karavay Center LLC 68.85%;

Tyutyunnikov N.I. 25.36%

PJSC "Food Company "LIMAK"

Nikitenko V.N. 24.97%;

CJSC "ALFA-TECHFORM" 22.57%;

LLC "QUEEN INVEST" 16.3%

PGI LOGISTIC LLC 24.76%

JSC "Vladimirskiy HK"

CJSC "Vladimirsky Khlebozavod No. 2" - 51.33%

OJSC "Volzhsky Pekar"

Members of the SD 73.29%

JSC Khlebodar, Omsk

Citizens of the Russian Federation 77.21%

OAO Karavai N. Novgorod

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

APK Stoilenskaya Niva (13 bakeries)

LLC "MK-HOLDING" [Commercial company VENIGEN MANAGEMENT LIMITED] 100%

Total considered:

It would seem that offshore companies have nothing to do here. An no. Large manufacturers, it seems, in almost any industry, whether of their own free will or under duress, go offshore.

12. Pasta production

in 2014 amounted to 991 thousand tons.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

OJSC "Makfa"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 90.71%

OJSC "EXTRA M" (former CJSC "1st Macaroni Company")

F.lli De Cecco di Filippo Fara San Martino S.p.A. (Italy) 85.68%

JSC "Melnik" (Barnaul)

Herfstbos B.V. (Netherlands) 91.89%

PJSC "Food Company "LIMAK"

Nikitenko V.N. 24.97%;

CJSC "ALFA-TECHFORM" 22.57%;

LLC "QUEEN INVEST" 16.3%

PGI LOGISTIC LLC 24.76%

JSC "KHP im. Grigorovich"

Bersar LLC 100%

JSC "Varnensky KHP"

JSC "KHP im. Grigorovich"

Total considered:

Moderate presence of foreigners (even Italians noted that they are rare), moderate absence of the Federal Property Management Agency.

13. Confectionery

produced in 2014 3423 thousand tons.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

"Nestlé Russia" (11 sites)

"Nestlé S.A." (Joint Stock Company) (Nestle S.A.) 85%;

"Nestlé Deutschland A.G." fifteen%

OJSC "Rot Front"

OAO MPK Kreker 8.75%

(taking into account the shareholders of both companies 60.5% - citizens of the Russian Federation)

OAO United Confectioners 73.66%;

OAO MPK Kreker 8.75%

(taking into account the shareholders of both companies 21.9% - offshore)

LLC "Mars" (9 factories)

MARS OVERSEAS HOLDING,INCORPORATED 73.53%;

LLC "MONTEFELTRO FERMEGENSFERWALTUNGS GMBH" 26.47%

Kraft Foods (Pokrov)

Kraft Foods 100%

JSC "MKF "Red October"

United confectioners - 62.14%

(taking into account the shareholders of the company 45.62% - citizens of the Russian Federation)

FORTEXAN ENTERPRISE LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.82%;

CJSC "SVIT-PREMIUM" 19.03%;

"United Confectioners" - 62.14%

(taking into account the shareholders of all companies 42.46% - offshore)

JSC "KK Babaevsky"

(taking into account the shareholders of the company 67.7% - citizens of the Russian Federation)

CJSC "PROD-INVEST" 7.66%;

"United Confectioners" - 92.22%

(taking into account the shareholders of both companies 31% - offshore)

JSC "Akkond" Cheboksary

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC "Bryankonfi"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 90.15%

JSC "Voronezh KF"

(taking into account the shareholders of the company 44.46% - citizens of the Russian Federation)

SPARAMNY CONSULTANTS LIMITED (Cyprus) 12.17%;

CJSC "PROD-INVEST" 19.73%;

United Confectioners 60.55%

(taking into account the shareholders of all companies 32.8% - offshore)

JSC "Lipetskkhlebmakaronprom"

Nikitenko V.N. 24.97%;

CJSC "ALFA-TECHFORM" 22.57%;

LLC "QUEEN INVEST" 16.3%

PGI LOGISTIC LLC 24.76%

APK Stoilenskaya Niva

LLC "MK-HOLDING" [Commercial company VENIGEN MANAGEMENT LIMITED] 100%

Total considered:

1186,641

Rosimushchestvo is absent among the owners. Only two companies out of 11 avoided being taken over by foreigners or going offshore - these are the rather well-known Akkond and Bryankonfi.

14. Sugar

produced in 2014 in the amount of 5212 thousand tons.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

Prodimex-Holding LLC (15 plants)

"PRODIMEX FARMING GROUP LIMITED" (Cyprus) through JSC "OSK" 99.9997%

OJSC Rusagro (7 plants)

ROS AGRO PLC (Cyprus) 100%

Razgulay Group JSC (7 plants in 2014)

AMORIL HOLDING LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.6%;

OLFRIN ASSOCIATES LIMITED (Cyprus) 8.23;

TAPSHAW INVEST LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.13%;

CHANDLOR LIMITED (Cyprus) 7.6%;

STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY (USA) 4.62%;

RAZGOULIAY-UKRROS GROUP LIMITED (Cyprus) 6.31%;

ATONLINE LIMITED (Cyprus) 9.91%

Sucden (3 plants)

Sucden 100% (France)

JSC "Zainsky sugar"

Fardiev I.Sh. 19.99%

OJSC Ulyanovsksakhar

JSC Caustic 85.712% [LLC Nikos Group 100%]

Total considered:

2904,668

*Tentative.

The main market players are offshore companies and the French (Sucden). Rosimuschestvo through VEB owns 19.97% "Razgulyaya" which was released in 2014 6% domestic sugar.

15. Soft drinks

in 2014, 1,134.6 million deciliters were issued. The main players in the industry are Pepsi and Coca-Cola. Rosimushchestvo does not play.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production 2014, million deciliters

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

PepsiCo (6 factories except WBD)

PepsiCo 100%

Coca-Cola (12 plants)

Coca Cola 100%

CJSC MPBK "OCHAKOVO"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

OJSC "Deka"

GENERAL INVEST LLC 55.16%

Security Major LLC 27.97%

OAO Baltika

Baltic Beverages Holding Aktiebolag (Sweden) 99.9%

OJSC Buket Chuvashia

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

Total considered:

513,3842

*Only kvass.

in 2014, 12 enterprises and holdings produced.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand tons

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

JSC "EFKO Foods"

EFKO Foods 100%

ZAO Zhirovoi Kombinat

LLC "Zh.K." 100% [citizens of the Russian Federation 30%]

LLC "Zh.K." 100% [COMPANY ONEOS HOLDINGS LIMITED 70%]

JSC "NMGK"

PKF Profit LLC 100%

OJSC "Evdakovskiy MZhK"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 20.76%;

OOO "Task" 76%

OJSC "Novosibirsk ZhK"

LLC "Zh.K." 100% [citizens of the Russian Federation 30%]

LLC "Zh.K." 100% [COMPANY ONEOS HOLDINGS LIMITED 70%]

OJSC "Samara Zhirkombinat"

PKF Profit LLC 100%

JSC "Ekaterinburg ZhK"

Rusagro (ROS AGRO PLC, (Cyprus)) 100%

OAO Irkutsk MZhK

Citizens of the Russian Federation 81.17%

"Unilever-CIS" (Moscow MZ)

Unilever 100%

JSC Production Holding "Zdrava"

Savinykh V.V. 100%

ZAO Essen Production AG

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

Moscow LCD

LLC "Zh.K." 100% citizens of the Russian Federation 30%]

LLC "Zh.K." 100% [COMPANY ONEOS HOLDINGS LIMITED 70%]

Total considered:

The Federal Property Management Agency is absent among the owners of mayonnaise producers.

Can be summed up subtotal for 16 food products, because below will be information on the production of alcoholic beverages and tobacco products.

The Federal Property Management Agency owns practically no significant assets in the food industry, except for a stake in OJSC Razgulay (19.97% through VEB). True, the rest of the shareholders of "Razgulay" are offshore, which does not honor such "state property".

The use of offshore companies is massive. More than 30% of the gross output of listed products is produced by offshore or foreign-owned enterprises. Despite the fact that about 50% of the output for these products was considered.

That is, more than half of the considered enterprises in p.p. 1-16 - foreign and offshore.

17. Vodka and alcoholic beverages

bottled in 2014 with 73.4 mln. decl.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production 2014, million deciliters

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

OJSC "Moscow Plant" Kristall "

Zernostroy LLC 18.276%;

Kamerton LLC 19.767%

Dialog LLC [Cyprus] 57.065%

Holding "CEDC" (5 factories)

CJSC "Russian Alcohol" 100% [INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL COMPANY "SAIREY HOLDINGS"] and LLC "PARLIAMENT PRODUCTION" [KRUPRESTO ENTERPRISES LIMITED]

Omskvinprom LLC

"VP ISLAND LIMITED" and "TRADELINE SOLUTIONS LIMITED" 100%

OAO Tatspirtprom (3 factories)

Administration of the river Tatarstan 100%

JSC "Bashspirt" (5 plants)

Administration of the river Bashkiria 100%

OJSC LVZ "Yaroslavsky"

Komed LLC 34.7%;

OOO PLF-Systems 33.3% [both RODGEN ENTERPRISES LIMITED];

JSC "Astrakhan distillery" 32% [counter. Komed and PLF-Systems]

JSC "Synergy" (7 plants)

JSC "Kashinsky Distillery" "Veresk"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 89.84%

JSC "Valuyskiy LVZ"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 73.66%;

Rosspirtprom 26.34%

LLC "Russian North"

Joint stock company Image Holding ApS 99%;

LLC "TRADING HOUSE "MEGAPOLIS" [CHKOA "GSH TRADING LIMITED" 96%; Stateless person 4%]

Total considered:

41,82849

Here the Federal Property Management Agency did not let us down. Two fairly large assets and one smaller:

1. OJSC "Tatspirtprom"(3 plants). Nearly 11% release of LVI in Russia.

2. JSC "Bashspirt"(5 factories). Nearly 4% LVI release.

3. 26.34% JSC "Valuyskiy LVZ" through Rosspirtprom. Total quarter of a percent LVI release.

In total, approximately 15% of the production of LVI.

However, companies using offshore companies are the rest of the companies considered. Or 42% of the production of LVI in Russia.

18. Beer

produced in 2014 816 mln.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production 2014, mln.

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

OAO Baltika (8 plants)

"Baltic Beverages Holding Aktiebolag" (Sweden) 99.9%

JSC "SUN InBev" (5 plants)

Bevmar GmbH (Germany) 2.09%; SUN Interbrew Plc (Cyprus) 91.46%; Worlddor Limited (Cyprus) 6.45%

Heineken (8 factories)

Heineken N.V. 100%

"Efes" (6 factories)

Efes Breweries International N.V. 100%

CJSC MPBK "OCHAKOVO"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC "Bouquet of Chuvashia"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "MOSCOW BREWING COMPANY"

INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL COMP "ECHELON SYSTEM" 100%

Total considered:

703,2362

The Federal Property Management Agency does not own any assets in beer production. However, enterprises owned by Russian citizens produce only 5% of the drink. The rest are foreigners.

19. Vin

issued in 2014 47.7 mln. For some reason, there are practically no foreigners and offshore companies among the owners of this segment. And there is no Federal Property Management Agency at all, which is quite usual.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production 2014, mln.

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

JSC "Derbent plant of sparkling wines"

LLC "ZIV PLUS" 100%

JSC APF "Fanagoria"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC "MKSHV" (Moscow)

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC "MKSHV" (Makhachkala)

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "Kuban-Vino"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

Russian Azov LLC

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

JSC Kornet

OAO "United Company" 94.4%

CJSC "Abrau-Durso"

"ABRAU DURSO GROUP LIMITED" (Cyprus-BVI) 89.727%;

"SOLVALUB TRADING LIMITED" (Tortola) 5%

CJSC RAIPISCHEKOMBINAT "SLAVYANSKY"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

The entire Alvisa holding together with the Stavropol wine and cognac factory

Both plants: Sole proprietorship "ALVISA ALCOHOL GROUP, S.L." 100%

LLC "CPI "Ariant"

LLC "CENTER OF FOOD INDUSTRY - ARIANT PLUS" 100%

Total considered:

15,01033

According to the KiN plant, the distribution of manufacturers

20. Cognac

in 2014 was as follows:

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, thousand dl

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

MVKZ "KiN"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 22.93%;

OJSC "Bank of Moscow" 43.07%

TRENA COM LIMITED (Cyprus) 22.57%

WINE AND BRANDY FACTORY "ALLIANCE-1892"

Pilgrirefin B.V. 100%

CJSC "Stavropol VKZ"

Sole proprietorship "ALVISA ALCOHOL GROUP, S.L." 100%

OOO "SORDIS"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

SUE "KIZLYAR BRANDY FACTORY"

100% Rosimushchestvo

JSC "SYNERGY"

"BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES SERVICES" (France) 9.02%;

(TOTTENWELL LIMITED" (Cyprus) 18.93%;

"DEEPLINE CONSULTANTS LIMITED" (Cyprus) 10.66%;

CYNEXACK SECURITIES MITED (Jersey) 14.38%;

SWORD ENTERPRISES LIMITED (Jersey) 14.35%;

"NEW MINES CS INVESTMENTS LIMITED" (Cyprus) 7.41%;

PENTAGRO HOLDINGS LIMITED 5.09%

JSC "MKSHV" (Moscow)

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

CJSC "PRASKOVEYSKOE"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

CJSC "MOSAZERVINZAVOD"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "Real Alcohol Company"

Sistema LLC [Citizens of the Russian Federation 5%] 100%

OOO "Sistema" [JSC "Marshal Group B.V." 95%] 100%

CJSC "WINE AND BRANDY FACTORY IZBERBASH"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

LLC "Wine and Cognac Factory "Russian"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

OJSC "Derbent Brandy Factory"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 55.5%

"MELITA EYROPE HOLDING LIMITED" (Malta) 44.2%

OOO "USOVSKIE WINE AND BRANDY CELLARS"

LLC "LACHUNGA" 16.34%

Comp with ogre resp PACKFORD ENTERPRISES LIMITED 50%; LLC NDK MERCURIY 21.53%; LLC VESTBUSINESS 12.13%

CJSC VKK "Rus"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

"Orlovsky winery"

Citizens of the Russian Federation 75%

JSC "Makhachkala winery"

47.32 - citizens of the Russian Federation

Total considered:

6080,602

In total, 6900 thousand deciliters of cognacs were produced.

The Federal Property Management Agency owns, which released in 2014 almost 8% Russian cognac. And MVKZ "KiN" (43% through "Bank of Moscow") - 8,4% release. At the same time, 50% of cognacs were produced by factories with foreign and offshore owners.

21. Cigarettes and cigarettes

355.9 billion pieces were produced.

Company

Share in the industry 2014,%

Production in 2014, billion pieces

Domestic shareholders

Foreign shareholders

Philip Morris International (3 plants)

Philip Morris International 100%

JSC "BAT Russia" (St. Petersburg and Saratov)

"BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO HOLDINGS (RUSSIA) B.V."

LLC "Petro" (4 plants)

Japan Tobacco International (Japan) 100%

OJSC Donskoy Tabak + ZAO Donskoy Tabak

Citizens of the Russian Federation 100%

Imperial Tobacco Volga LLC (Reemstma-Volga) 2 factories

Imperial Tobacco Holdings (Netherlands) BV 100%

KT N G Rus

Open Joint Stock Company "KTNG" 100%

Total considered:

Almost the entire market of tobacco products we have under foreigners.

Conclusion on the food industry.

The assets of the Federal Property Management Agency in the food industry are as follows:

1.JSC "Irbit Dairy Plant". Produces about 1% domestic dairy products.

2. 34% (via OZK) JSC "Perm flour mill", producing about 1,5% domestic flour.

3. 19.97% OJSC Razgulay (through VEB). "Razgulyay" produces about 1,5% flour, 9% croup, 6% Sahara.

4. 25.5% OJSC "Hercules" (via OZK). 0,3% cereal production. 0,48% feed.

5. OJSC "Tatspirtprom"(3 plants). Nearly 11% release of LVI in Russia.

6. JSC "Bashspirt"(5 factories). Nearly 4% LVI release.

7. 26.34% JSC "Valuyskiy LVZ" through Rosspirtprom. 0,25% LVI release.

8. SUE "KIZLYAR BRANDY FACTORY"- 8% production of cognac in Russia.

9. MVKZ "KiN" (43% through "Bank of Moscow") - 8,4% production of cognac in Russia.

One or two and miscalculated state property in the food industry - 2.5% of the all-Russian issue listed goods (on average). Mainly due to the production of alcoholic beverages at enterprises owned by the Federal Property Management Agency (cognac and liquor). On the other hand, offshore companies and "real" foreigners are seen among the owners of most of the companies examined. To be more precise:

In p.p. 1-16 (except for alcoholic beverages and tobacco products) considered an average of 45% of the nationwide output of these foodstuffs. 70% of which account for enterprises with foreign or offshore participation.

In p.p. 17-21 ( alcoholic drinks and tobacco) considered an average of 72% of the release of these products in Russia. 73% of which are companies with foreign and offshore participation.

That is, offshore companies and foreign companies in the domestic food industry are a mass phenomenon. And state property is single and has little effect on the industry.

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