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Even as a child, in the Ryazan province, running through the fields, riding a horse, swimming in the Oka, the future poet realized how beautiful the Russian land was. He loved his land, his country and sang it in his works brightly, colorfully, using various means of expression.
The author developed a special relationship with a birch. This character, sung by Sergei Alexandrovich many times, is shown in various works, in different time year, with different moods and a lyrical hero, and the tree itself. Yesenin literally breathed in the soul, and as if humanized the birch, making it a symbol of Russian nature. Yeseninovskaya birch is a symbol of femininity, grace, playfulness.
The history of the creation of the poem "Birch"
The beautiful and lyrical poetic work "Birch" refers to the poetry of the early period of creativity, when a very young Ryazan guy, who was barely nineteen years old, was just beginning to enter the world of literature. He worked at that time under a pseudonym, so for a long time no one guessed that this amazing work belongs to Sergei Alexandrovich.
Simple in imagery, but very impressive, the poem "Birch" was written by the poet in 1913, when he was eighteen years old and it belongs to his very first works. It was created at the moment when the young man had already left his native and close to the heart corner, but his thoughts and memories constantly returned to their native places.
The first time "Birch" was published in the popular literary magazine "Mirok". This happened on the eve of the revolutionary upheavals in the country, in 1914. At that time, as yet an unknown poet, he worked under the pseudonym Ariston. So far, these were the first Esenin poems, which would later become the standard for describing Russian nature in poetry.
Birch
White birch
under my window
covered with snow,
Exactly silver.
On fluffy branches
snow border
Brushes blossomed
White fringe.
And there is a birch
In sleepy silence
And the snowflakes are burning
In golden fire
A dawn, lazy
Walking around,
Sprinkles branches
New silver.
The Power of a Poem
Yesenin's poem "Birch" is an example of skillful and skillful verbal drawing. The birch tree itself has always been a symbol of Russia. This is a Russian value, this is a folklore zest, this is a connection with the past and the future. We can say that the work "Birch" is a lyrical hymn to the beauty and wealth of the entire Russian land.
The main topics that Yesenin describes include the following:
Love theme.
The purity and femininity of this Russian tree.
Renaissance.
The birch in the poem is like a Russian beauty: she is just as proud and smart. All its splendor can be seen on a frosty day. After all, around this lovely tree there is a bewitching picturesque picture of Russian nature, which is especially good on frosty days.
For Sergei, birch is a symbol of rebirth. Researchers of Yesenin's creativity claimed that he took his talent and strength for writing his new poetic masterpieces precisely in memories from his childhood. Birch in Russian poetry has always been a symbol of a joyful life, it helped a person not only console himself in difficult and sad days for him, but also allowed him to live in harmony with nature. Of course, the brilliant Russian poet knew oral folk art and remembered folklore parables that when it becomes difficult, difficult or disgusting in your soul, you just have to go to the birch. And this beautiful and tender tree, having listened to all the experiences of a person, will alleviate his suffering. Only after a conversation with a birch, according to strange legends, a person’s soul becomes warm and light.
Artistic and expressive means
Admiring his native nature, in order to express all his love and admiration for her, Yesenin uses various artistic and expressive means:
★Epithets: golden fire, white birch, snowy border, sleepy silence.
★Metaphors: the birch is covered with snow, the border has blossomed with tassels, the snowflakes are burning in the fire, it goes around lazily, sprinkles the branches.
★ Comparisons: birch covered with snow "just like silver".
★ Personification: “covered up” is a verb that has a reflexive suffix - sya.
Such use of artistic and expressive means makes it possible to emphasize the beautiful image of the birch, its significance for the entire Russian people. The culmination of the whole work is already reached in the third stanza, where each phrase contains some means of expression. But critics of Yesenin's work pay attention to the second line of this poem, which indicates and limits the space of the poet himself. That is why the image of a birch is so close, understandable and dear.
This poem was included in the very first cycle of Yesenin's lyrics, which was written specifically for children and is of an educational nature. This poem encourages and teaches children to love and admire their native nature, to notice its slightest changes and to be a part of this big and beautiful world. Love to native land- this is the main idea of this Esenin work, which is deep in content, but small in volume. The division into stanzas in this work violates the usual traditional construction of poetic texts, but the reader does not even notice this due to its deep content. The parallel rhyming makes it easy to read.
The style and syntax of Yesenin's poetic creation is simple, which makes it easy for any reader to understand its content. There is no heap of consonants or vowels in it, there are no phonetic features that would make it difficult to understand this poem. This makes it possible for even children younger age The plot of this poem is clear. The poet uses two-syllable meter for his text. So, the whole text is written in trochaic, which makes it easy to remember.
Analysis of the poem
It is known that pleasant, warm childhood memories are associated with Yesenin's beautiful birch tree. Even in early childhood, the little Ryazan boy Seryozha liked to watch how this tree was changing under any circumstances. weather conditions. He saw this beautiful tree with green leaves that played merrily in the wind. I watched how it was bare, throwing off its autumn outfit, exposing its snow-white trunk. I watched as the birch fluttered in the autumn wind, and the last leaves fell to the ground. And with the advent of winter, a dear birch, dressed in a wonderful silver outfit. It is precisely because birch is native and beloved for the Ryazan poet himself, a particle of his land and soul, that he dedicates his poetic creation to it.
Let us dwell in more detail on the image of a birch, which was created by Evenin with such tenderness and love. In the description of this tree, the sadness and sadness of Sergei Alexandrovich himself can be traced. After all, now he is cut off from his native corner, and his wonderful childhood time will not return again. But in the simplest and most unpretentious story about a birch, the skill of the future great poet, whose name will remain forever in the memory of the people, is also shown. With pleasant and special grace, the poetic master describes the outfit of the Russian beauty. The winter birch dress, according to the poet, is woven from snow. But even Sergei Alexandrovich's snow is unusual! It is fluffy, and silver, and iridescent, and multi-colored. The poet repeatedly emphasizes that it burns and shimmers in a special way, as if it contains all the colors of the rainbow, which are now reflected in the morning dawn.
He describes in detail the poetic and pictorial master of the word and the branches of the tree, which supposedly remind him of brushes of fringe, but only it is snowy, sparkling and charming. All the words that the poet chooses to describe are exquisite, and at the same time simple and understandable to everyone.
In a simple poem, Sergei Yesenin combined several poetic images at once: Motherland, mother, girl. He seemed to dress up his birch in women's exclusive clothes and now rejoices in her coquetry. It seems that the poet himself is at the discovery of something new and mysterious in himself, which he has not yet explored, and therefore he associates love for a woman with a beautiful birch. Researchers of Yesenin's work suggest that it was at this time that the poet fell in love for the first time.
Therefore, such a simple and seemingly so naive, at first glance, poem "White Birch" evokes a huge range of very different feelings: from admiration to melancholic sadness. It is clear that each reader of this poem draws his own image of a birch, to which he then addresses the beautiful lines of Yesenin's work. "Birch" is a farewell message to native places, to parental home, to a childhood that was so joyful and carefree.
With this poem, Yesenin opened his way to the world of poetry and literature. The path is short, but so bright and talented.
analysis of Yesenin's poem white birch
- The poem belongs to the lyrics of 1910-1913. , the period of the difficult life of the poet, when he wrote more than 60 poems. Is the first published poem of the poet (1914, under the pseudonym Ariston, magazine for children's reading Mirok).
The main theme is to show the beauty of the winter birch. The Yesenin stanza is a description of a winter birch with its inherent Russian signs and many subject details. The poem feels a patriotic feeling of love for the Motherland, its modest, outwardly discreet nature. The feeling of the Motherland is the main one in all Yesenin's work. The nature sung here is humanized: it breathes, moves, and mourns like a human being. The birch, traditionally sung in oral folk art, is a cross-cutting one in the poet's work. The author uses syllabic-tonic versification. We can assume the presence here of two-syllable feet, meter - iambic. Further, when analyzing this poem, accurate (window - silver) rhymes are noticeable, as well as unequal (circle - silver), open (fire - silence) and closed (border - fringe), masculine (silence - fire), but they are all cross (abab) . By the number of stanzas, the poem is a quatrain (quatrain).
The main image of the work is a winter birch (image-character). The poet animates her with the image of a woman. Also in the poem, the image of winter is noticeable - a synonym for death and mortal anguish in the poet's work. Yesenin wanted to show the sadness of female withering.
Yesenin sees a birch sharply, in a certain light. As a result, one image associatively gives rise to another. The words forming the lines, taken separately, are not figurative. But, organized in a certain way, they create a poetic, figurative text and become figurative themselves. The poem belongs to the landscape lyrics. It contains mostly commonly used words, but under the poet's pen they are emotionally effective. He has an amazingly sharp-sighted and keenly close look at nature. Proceeding from the perfection of the linguistic form, the harmony of content and form, clarity, clarity, conciseness, grace, simplicity and harmony of verbal expression, it can be argued that the aesthetic function of language is manifested here.
The poem is colorful. It contains both the poet's favorite colors (white, silver), which convey a joyful, fresh, elegiac-thoughtful perception of the world, and gold - a symbol of the bright, but already fading gamut of autumn. The play of colors is also striking, their subtle nuances, the transition of one color to another, their mixing and the formation of a new color on their basis. Yesenin, drawing pictures of nature, always names the colors in which it is painted. He does this so that readers can better understand what he writes about. Yesenin compares the tassels of birch branches covered with snow with white fringe. The poet compares snow with silver twice, but at the same time uses different prims: in the first stanza, when the birch tree was covered with snow, like silver - a comparison, and in the last lines of the poem, when the dawn sprinkles the branches with new silver, there is also a comparison, but it is, as it were, hidden . The poet does not say that the dawn sprinkles the branches with snow, as if with silver. He immediately calls the snow silver, hoping for our ingenuity. This hidden comparison- metaphor. The poet writes that snowflakes burn in golden fire. The word lit is used here in a figurative sense. This word is often used figuratively. We say, for example, eyes burn. Snowflakes cannot, of course, burn like firewood. And by the expression golden fire, the poet means the light of dawn. In winter, the sky does not light up as brightly as in summer. The birch stands for a long time in sleepy silence - from dawn to evening. It seems to us that this is how words should be understood - bypassing around. At first the dawn was in the east, and then in the west. Yesenin also calls the dawn lazy, this is because in winter the dawn begins later than in summer, as if he is too lazy to get up early. And it does not burn as brightly as in summer, as if it is too lazy to light up the sky. Despite the small volume of the work, its language is rich, has a nationality. - BIRCH IS A RUSSIAN BEAUTY
- Well, that's it, the details are a little useful to you))))
The author conveys the amazing beauty of the birch tree, the symbol of Russia.1. White - keyword (white angel, white church, white Russia, white clothes).
What is most often associated with Russia in the perception of most people? You can name different characters. Foreigners will definitely remember vodka, matryoshka and balalaika. Yes, even bears that supposedly walk our streets. But for a Russian person, undoubtedly, the birch will be the closest. After all, it is the birch tree that is most pleasant to meet, “returning from distant wanderings.” After exotic trees, sprawling palms and suffocating tropical plants it is so nice to touch the white cool bark and inhale the fresh smell of birch branches.
No wonder the birch was sung by almost all Russian poets. A. Fet, N. Rubtsov, A. Dementiev wrote about her. Songs, legends, tales were composed about her. Time passed, power changed political system, wars took place, barrows grew on the former battlefields, and the birch, as it has pleased hundreds of years with its bright face, continues to delight. “I love the Russian birch, sometimes bright, sometimes sad ...” - the Russian Soviet poet Alexander Prokofiev wrote so simply and at the same time passionately about this most important symbol of Russia.
Contributed to the collection of works about birch and a wonderful lyricist of the twentieth century Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin. Growing up in the Ryazan province, in the village of Konstantinovo, in an ordinary peasant family, Sergei saw birch trees under the windows of his home from childhood. By the way, they are still growing, having outlived the poet by almost a hundred years.
Poem by Sergei Yesenin "White birch", at first glance, seems uncomplicated. Probably, because of this apparent simplicity, everyone teaches it, starting with kindergarten. Indeed, only four quatrains, trochee tetrameter, no tricky, incomprehensible metaphors- that's what makes the perception of this poem so simplistic.
But if we remember that any lyrical work is intended not only to express the feelings of the poet, but also to evoke an emotional response from the reader, it becomes clear why this poem, written a century ago (in 1913), is still so familiar to many lovers and connoisseurs of Russian poetry.
The Yesenin birch appears as a sleeping beauty:
covered with snow,
Exactly silver.
The personification used by the poet allows the reader to notice that the birch itself was covered with snow, and not the frost used its strength. Therefore, brushes "blossomed white fringe" themselves too. And here he is vivid image- beauty resting "in sleepy silence", moreover, a rich beauty: after all, she covered herself with snow, "just like silver", the tassels are decorated with white fringe, which was used only by representatives of high society, and the snowflakes in the birch outfit are burning "in golden fire".
Of course, a Russian person who grew up on fairy tales about a princess sleeping in a crystal coffin, when reading this analysis of the poem, will invariably imagine only such an image. This drowsiness is explained by the time of year, because in winter all the trees “sleep”. Even the dawn appears slowly, as if afraid to disturb the peace of the Russian beauty:
A dawn, lazy
Walking around,
Sprinkles branches
New silver.
But Yesenin's "sleepy birches" will also appear in another work written a year later - in the poem "Good morning!" . Here it is already much more difficult to understand why, in the midst of summer, birch trees are also like in a dream.
"We all come from childhood," claimed the French writer and aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. Perhaps all childhood watching a birch "under your window", Seryozha Yesenin created for himself such image of a birch who carried through all his work and all his short life.
Researchers of Yesenin's work somehow calculated that 22 names were found in his works various trees. Probably, the poet himself did not think about this when he created his lyrical masterpieces. But for some reason, it was the birches that formed for him in that very “country of birch calico” that he left so early.
- "I left my dear home ...", analysis of Yesenin's poem
- "Shagane you are mine, Shagane! ..", analysis of Yesenin's poem, composition
- "Letter to a Woman", analysis of Yesenin's poem
At the time of writing the poem White birch» Sergei Yesenin was only 18 years old, so the lines are filled with romanticism and take us to an episode of a fabulous winter, where the poet sees a white birch under the window.
One of the symbols of Russia stands under the window, covered with snow that looks like silver. There is no need for a deep analysis to see the beauty of Yesenin's lines, combined with the simplicity of the rhyme. Yesenin pays tribute to the birch, because this tree has been associated with Russia for many centuries. They remember him on a long journey, they rush to him upon his return. Unfortunately, mountain ash is more glorified in literature - a symbol of sadness and longing. Sergei Alexandrovich fills this gap.
birch image
In order to understand the lines and feel them, it is necessary to imagine a picture in which, in a frosty winter, a birch tree covered with snow stands under the window. The stove is heated in the house, it is hot, and outside the window is a frosty day. Nature takes pity on the birch and covered it with snow, like silver, which is always associated with purity.
Birch reciprocates, revealing in all its glory:
On fluffy branches
snow border
Brushes blossomed
White fringe.
The nobility of nature
The sun casts gold on silver, and there is a frosty silence around, which makes the author of the lines dream. The combination of gold and silver is symbolic, they show the purity and nobility of nature in its original form.
Looking at this picture, one thinks about eternity. What does young Yesenin, who has just moved to Moscow from Konstantinovo, think about? Perhaps his thoughts are occupied by Anna Izryadnova, who in a year will give birth to his child. Perhaps the author dreams of publishing. By the way, it was "Birch" that became Yesenin's first published poem. Published lines in the journal "Mirok" under the pseudonym Ariston. It was "Birch" that opened the way for Yesenin to the pinnacle of poetic glory.
In the last quatrain, the poet shows the eternity of beauty. The dawn, which goes around the earth every day, sprinkles the birch every day with new silver. In winter it is silver, in summer it is rain crystal, but nature does not forget about its children.
The poem "Birch" shows the poet's love for Russian nature and reveals his ability to subtly convey natural beauty in lines. Thanks to such works, we can enjoy the beauty of winter even in the middle of summer and expect the approach of frost with yearning in our hearts.
White birch
under my window
covered with snow,
Exactly silver.
On fluffy branches
snow border
Brushes blossomed
White fringe.
And there is a birch
In sleepy silence
And the snowflakes are burning
In golden fire
A dawn, lazy
Walking around,
sprinkles branches
New silver.
Writing
The great Russian poet Yesenin Sergey Alexandrovich wrote great amount various wonderful works. But from early childhood, I love his poem "Birch" most of all. This work was written by the poet in 1913, when he was only eighteen years old. At this time, Yesenin lived in Moscow, his native village of Konstantinovo is far behind, but the young poet is faithful to his homeland, he devotes many works to the beauty of nature.
The name of Yesenin's poem "Birch", it would seem, looks too simple, but it is not so at all. The poet put a deep meaning into the name. As for many others creative people, for Yesenin, a birch is not just a tree, it is very symbolic. Firstly, for Yesenin, the birch is a symbol of Russia, which he loved endlessly! Secondly, the poet repeatedly compared the image of a woman to her in his work.
Yesenin's poem "Birch" is a slightly sad, very beautiful and touching description of the landscape that the lyrical hero of the work admires from his window. And despite the fact that the main thing in this work is a description of the landscape, we still see the lyrical hero himself. Most likely, this is still a young person, because it is impossible for an old person to admire in this way. The lyrical hero of Yesenin's poem "Birch" loves nature very much, he is able to see the beauty, admire it. In addition, many notes of naivety and infantilism can be traced in his character.
V early work The poet, to whom Yesenin's poem "Birch" refers, has always been dominated by the theme of nature and the village. Love for the motherland and the world around is one of the most important talents that the poet was endowed with. Without this, it is impossible to imagine Yesenin's poem "Birch", and any other of his works.
