Water protection zone of the sea. Water protection zones and coastal protection strips

Article 65 of the Water Code:

Water protection zones(WHO) - territories that are adjacent to the coastline water bodies and where a special mode of operation is established to prevent pollution, etc., of water bodies and water depletion, as well as to preserve the habitat of aquatic biological resources.

Within the boundaries of water protection zones, coastal protective bands (PZP), in the territories of which additional restrictions are introduced.

WHO Width and PZP installed:

Outside the territories of settlements - from coastline,

For the seas from high tide lines;

If there are embankment parapets and sewerage, then the boundaries of the PZP coincide with this embankment parapet, from which the width of the WHO is measured.

WHO Width is:

For rivers and streams less than 10 km from the source to the mouth of the POZ = PZP = 50 m, and the radius of the POZ around the source is 50 m.

For rivers from 10 to 50 km WHO = 100 m

Longer than 50 km, WHO = 200 m

WHO lakes, reservoirs with a water area over 0.5 km 2 = 50 m

WHO of a reservoir on a watercourse = width of the WHO of this watercourse

WHO main or inter-farm canals = right-of-way canal.

who sea \u003d 500 m

For swamps, WHO is not established

BAR width is set depending on the slope of the shore of the water body:

Reverse or zero slope PZP = 30 m.

Slope from 0 to 3 degrees = 40 m.

More than 3 degrees = 50 m.

If the water body has especially valuable fishery value(places of spawning, feeding, wintering of fish and aquatic biological resources), then the LAR is 200 m, regardless of the slope.

PZP lakes within the swamps and watercourses= 50 m.

Within WHO prohibited:

Usage Wastewater for fertilizer;

Placement of cemeteries, animal burial grounds, burial sites for production and consumption waste, chemical, toxic and poisonous substances and radioactive waste;

Use of aviation measures to control pests and plant diseases;

Traffic and parking Vehicle(except for special ones), with the exception of traffic and parking on roads and in specially equipped places that have a hard surface.

For facilities within WHO required treatment facilities , including treatment facilities for storm drains.

Within the PZP prohibited:

Same restrictions as for WHO; Use of wastewater for fertilization;

Plowing land;

Placement of dumps of eroded soils;

Grazing farm animals and organizing summer camps and baths for them.

Engineering and technological measures

1. Selection of machinery and equipment, raw materials and materials, technological processes and operations with a lower specific impact on the aquatic environment:

a. efficient water consumption schemes (circulating systems);

b. optimal schemes tracing engineering networks,

c. low-waste technologies, etc.

2. Organized disposal and treatment of industrial effluents. During the construction of a new facility, choose a scheme for separate drainage of storm, industrial and domestic wastewater.

3. Collection and separate treatment of wastewater contaminated with oil products.

4. Automation of monitoring the efficiency of local treatment facilities;

5. Prevent filtering out sewer networks(operation, repair).

6. Measures to prevent pollution of storm water (cleaning up areas).

7. Special events for construction (construction site equipment, wheel cleaning and washing stations).

8. Reducing unorganized runoff;

9. Limiting the amount of oil-contaminated wastewater discharged into stormwater systems.

10. Equipping with means of monitoring the efficiency of installations and equipment for environmental purposes (grease traps, VOCs).

11. Measures for the removal and temporary storage of soil and vegetable soil with separate storage of the fertile soil layer and potentially fertile rocks;

12. Holding vertical layout and improvement of the territory of engineering facilities, improvement of adjacent territories.

13. Special for the construction phase (PIC).

Wheel wash. SNiP 12-01-2004. Organization of construction, clause 5.1

At the request of the LSG, the construction site can be equipped ... points for cleaning or washing the wheels of vehicles at the exits, and on linear objects - in the places specified by local self-government bodies.

If it is necessary to temporarily use certain territories not included in the construction site, for construction needs that do not pose a danger to the population and environment, the mode of use, protection (if necessary) and cleaning of these territories is determined by an agreement with the owners of these territories (for public territories - with LSG).

Clause 5.5. The contractor ensures the safety of work for the environment natural environment, wherein:

Provides cleaning of the construction site and the adjacent five-meter zone; garbage and snow must be removed at the places and terms established by the local government;

Not allowed discharge of water from the construction site without washout protection surfaces;

At drilling works takes measures to overflow prevention groundwater;

Performs neutralization and organization industrial and domestic effluents…

VOC. MU 2.1.5.800-99. Water disposal of populated areas, sanitary protection of reservoirs. Organization of State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance for Wastewater Disinfection

3.2. The following types of wastewater are among the most dangerous in epidemic terms:

Household waste water;

City mixed (industrial and domestic) wastewater;

Wastewater from infectious diseases hospitals;

Wastewater from livestock and poultry facilities and enterprises for the processing of animal products, wastewater from wool washes, biofactories, meat processing plants, etc.;

Surface and storm drains;

Mine and quarry wastewater;

Drainage waters.

3.5. In accordance with the sanitary rules for the protection surface water from pollution, sewage, dangerous in an epidemic sense, must be disinfected.

The need for disinfection of wastewater of these categories is justified by the conditions of their disposal and use. in coordination with the state sanitary and epidemiological surveillance authorities in the territories.

Wastewater is subject to mandatory disinfection when discharged into water bodies recreational and sports destination, with their re-industrial use, etc.

Water protection zones are territories adjacent to the coastline (boundaries of a water body) of seas, rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and on which a special regime for economic and other activities is established in order to prevent pollution, clogging, siltation of these water bodies and depletion their waters, as well as the preservation of the habitat of aquatic biological resources and other objects of the animal and plant world.

2. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, coastal protective strips are established, on the territories of which additional restrictions on economic and other activities are introduced.

3. Outside the territories of cities and other settlements the width of the water protection zone of rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and the width of their coastal protective strip are established from the location of the corresponding coastline (boundary of the water body), and the width of the water protection zone of the seas and the width of their coastal protective strip - from the maximum tide line. In the presence of centralized stormwater drainage systems and embankments, the boundaries of the coastal protective strips of these water bodies coincide with the parapets of the embankments, the width of the water protection zone in such areas is set from the parapet of the embankment.

4. The width of the water protection zone of rivers or streams is established from their source for rivers or streams with a length of:

1) up to ten kilometers - in the amount of fifty meters;

2) from ten to fifty kilometers - in the amount of one hundred meters;

3) from fifty kilometers and more - in the amount of two hundred meters.

5. For a river, a stream with a length of less than ten kilometers from the source to the mouth, the water protection zone coincides with the coastal protective strip. The radius of the water protection zone for the sources of the river, stream is set at fifty meters.

6. The width of the water protection zone of a lake, reservoir, with the exception of a lake located inside a swamp, or a lake, a reservoir with a water area of ​​​​less than 0.5 square kilometers, is set at fifty meters. The width of the water protection zone of a reservoir located on a watercourse is set equal to the width of the water protection zone of this watercourse.

7. The boundaries of the water protection zone of Lake Baikal are established in accordance with the Federal Law of May 1, 1999 N 94-FZ "On the Protection of Lake Baikal".

8. The width of the water protection zone of the sea is five hundred meters.

9. The water protection zones of the main or inter-farm canals coincide in width with the right-of-way of such canals.

10. Water protection zones of rivers, their parts placed in closed collectors, are not established.

11. The width of the coastal protective strip is set depending on the slope of the shore of the water body and is thirty meters for a reverse or zero slope, forty meters for a slope of up to three degrees and fifty meters for a slope of three or more degrees.

12. For flowing and waste lakes located within the boundaries of marshes and corresponding watercourses, the width of the coastal protective strip is set at fifty meters.

13. The width of the coastal protective strip of a river, lake, reservoir of especially valuable fishery importance (spawning, feeding, wintering grounds for fish and other aquatic biological resources) is set at two hundred meters, regardless of the slope of adjacent lands.

14. In the territories of settlements, in the presence of centralized stormwater drainage systems and embankments, the boundaries of coastal protective strips coincide with the parapets of embankments. The width of the water protection zone in such areas is set from the embankment parapet. In the absence of an embankment, the width of the water protection zone, the coastal protective strip is measured from the location of the coastline (boundary of the water body).

15. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, it is prohibited:

2) placement of cemeteries, animal burial grounds, production and consumption waste disposal facilities, chemical, explosive, toxic, toxic and poisonous substances, radioactive waste disposal sites;

4) movement and parking of vehicles (except for special vehicles), with the exception of their movement on roads and parking on roads and in specially equipped places with a hard surface;

Information about changes:

Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013 supplemented Part 15 of Article 65 of this Code with Item 5

5) location of petrol stations, warehouses of fuels and lubricants (except for cases when petrol stations, warehouses of fuels and lubricants are located in the territories of ports, shipbuilding and ship repair organizations, infrastructure of inland waterways, subject to compliance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and of this Code), stations Maintenance used for technical inspection and repair of vehicles, vehicle washing;

Information about changes:

Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013 supplemented Part 15 of Article 65 of this Code with Item 6

6) placement of specialized storage facilities for pesticides and agrochemicals, use of pesticides and agrochemicals;

Information about changes:

Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013 supplemented Part 15 of Article 65 of this Code with Item 7

7) discharge of sewage, including drainage, water;

Information about changes:

Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013 supplemented Part 15 of Article 65 of this Code with Item 8

8) exploration and production of common minerals (except for cases when exploration and production of common minerals are carried out by subsoil users engaged in exploration and production of other types of minerals, within the boundaries provided to them in accordance with the legislation Russian Federation on the subsoil of mining allotments and (or) geological allotments based on the approved technical project in accordance with Article 19.1 of the Law of the Russian Federation of February 21, 1992 N 2395-I "On Subsoil").

16. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, design, construction, reconstruction, commissioning, operation of economic and other facilities are allowed, provided that such facilities are equipped with structures that ensure the protection of water facilities from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water in accordance with water legislation and legislation in the field of environmental protection. The choice of the type of structure that ensures the protection of a water body from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water is carried out taking into account the need to comply with the standards for permissible discharges of pollutants, other substances and microorganisms established in accordance with environmental protection legislation. For the purposes of this article, structures that ensure the protection of water bodies from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water are understood to mean:

1) centralized water disposal systems (sewerage), centralized storm systems water disposal;

2) structures and systems for the disposal (discharge) of wastewater into centralized water disposal systems (including rain, melt, infiltration, watering and drainage water) if they are intended to receive such waters;

3) local treatment facilities for wastewater treatment (including rainwater, meltwater, infiltration, watering and drainage water), ensuring their treatment based on the standards established in accordance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and this Code;

1. Water protection zones are territories that are adjacent to the coastline (boundaries of a water body) of seas, rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and on which a special regime for economic and other activities is established in order to prevent pollution, clogging, siltation of these water bodies and depletion of their waters, as well as the preservation of the habitat of aquatic biological resources and other objects of the animal and plant world.

(as amended by Federal Law No. 244-FZ of July 13, 2015)

2. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, coastal protective strips are established, on the territories of which additional restrictions on economic and other activities are introduced.

3. Outside the territories of cities and other settlements, the width of the water protection zone of rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and the width of their coastal protective strip are established from the location of the corresponding coastline (boundary of the water body), and the width of the water protection zone of the seas and the width of their coastal protective stripes - from the line of maximum tide. In the presence of centralized stormwater drainage systems and embankments, the boundaries of the coastal protective strips of these water bodies coincide with the parapets of the embankments, the width of the water protection zone in such areas is set from the parapet of the embankment.

4. The width of the water protection zone of rivers or streams is established from their source for rivers or streams with a length of:

1) up to ten kilometers - in the amount of fifty meters;

2) from ten to fifty kilometers - in the amount of one hundred meters;

3) from fifty kilometers and more - in the amount of two hundred meters.

5. For a river, a stream with a length of less than ten kilometers from the source to the mouth, the water protection zone coincides with the coastal protective strip. The radius of the water protection zone for the sources of the river, stream is set at fifty meters.

6. The width of the water protection zone of a lake, reservoir, with the exception of a lake located inside a swamp, or a lake, a reservoir with a water area of ​​​​less than 0.5 square kilometers, is set at fifty meters. The width of the water protection zone of a reservoir located on a watercourse is set equal to the width of the water protection zone of this watercourse.

(as amended by Federal Law No. 118-FZ of July 14, 2008)

7. The boundaries of the water protection zone of Lake Baikal are established in accordance with federal law dated May 1, 1999 N 94-FZ "On the protection of Lake Baikal".

(Part 7 as amended by Federal Law No. 181-FZ of June 28, 2014)

8. The width of the water protection zone of the sea is five hundred meters.

9. The water protection zones of the main or inter-farm canals coincide in width with the right-of-way of such canals.

10. Water protection zones of rivers, their parts placed in closed collectors, are not established.

11. The width of the coastal protective strip is set depending on the slope of the shore of the water body and is thirty meters for a reverse or zero slope, forty meters for a slope of up to three degrees and fifty meters for a slope of three or more degrees.

12. For flowing and waste lakes located within the boundaries of marshes and corresponding watercourses, the width of the coastal protective strip is set at fifty meters.

13. The width of the coastal protective strip of a river, lake, reservoir of especially valuable fishery importance (spawning, feeding, wintering grounds for fish and other aquatic biological resources) is set at two hundred meters, regardless of the slope of adjacent lands.

14. In the territories of settlements, in the presence of centralized stormwater drainage systems and embankments, the boundaries of coastal protective strips coincide with the parapets of embankments. The width of the water protection zone in such areas is set from the embankment parapet. In the absence of an embankment, the width of the water protection zone, the coastal protective strip is measured from the location of the coastline (boundary of the water body).

(as amended by Federal Laws No. 118-FZ of 14.07.2008, No. 417-FZ of 07.12.2011, No. 244-FZ of 13.07.2015)

15. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, it is prohibited:

1) use of wastewater for the purpose of regulating soil fertility;

(as amended by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

2) placement of cemeteries, animal burial grounds, production and consumption waste disposal facilities, chemical, explosive, toxic, toxic and poisonous substances, radioactive waste disposal sites;

(as amended by Federal Laws No. 190-FZ of 11.07.2011, No. 458-FZ of 29.12.2014)

3) implementation of aviation pest control measures;

(as amended by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

4) movement and parking of vehicles (except for special vehicles), with the exception of their movement on roads and parking on roads and in specially equipped places with a hard surface;

5) location of petrol stations, warehouses of fuels and lubricants (except for cases when petrol stations, warehouses of fuels and lubricants are located in the territories of ports, shipbuilding and ship repair organizations, infrastructure of inland waterways, subject to compliance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and of this Code), service stations used for technical inspection and repair of vehicles, washing of vehicles;

(Clause 5 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

6) placement of specialized storage facilities for pesticides and agrochemicals, use of pesticides and agrochemicals;

(Clause 6 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

7) discharge of sewage, including drainage, water;

(Clause 7 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

8) exploration and production of common minerals (with the exception of cases where exploration and production of common minerals are carried out by subsoil users engaged in exploration and production of other types of minerals, within the boundaries granted to them in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the subsoil of mining allotments and (or ) geological allotments on the basis of an approved technical design in accordance with Article 19.1 of the Law of the Russian Federation of February 21, 1992 N 2395-1 "On Subsoil").

(Clause 8 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

16. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, design, construction, reconstruction, commissioning, operation of economic and other facilities are allowed, provided that such facilities are equipped with structures that ensure the protection of water facilities from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water in accordance with water legislation and legislation in the field of environmental protection. The choice of the type of structure that ensures the protection of a water body from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water is carried out taking into account the need to comply with the standards for permissible discharges of pollutants, other substances and microorganisms established in accordance with environmental protection legislation. For the purposes of this article, structures that ensure the protection of water bodies from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water are understood to mean:

1) centralized water disposal systems (sewerage), centralized storm water disposal systems;

2) structures and systems for diverting (discharging) wastewater into centralized water disposal systems (including rain, melt, infiltration, watering and drainage waters), if they are designed to receive such waters;

3) local treatment facilities for wastewater treatment (including rainwater, meltwater, infiltration, watering and drainage water), ensuring their treatment based on the standards established in accordance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and this Code;

4) facilities for the collection of production and consumption waste, as well as facilities and systems for the disposal (discharge) of wastewater (including rain, melt, infiltration, watering and drainage water) into receivers made of waterproof materials.

(Part 16 as amended by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

16.1. In relation to territories where citizens conduct gardening or horticulture for their own needs, located within the boundaries of water protection zones and not equipped with wastewater treatment facilities, until they are equipped with such facilities and (or) connected to the systems specified in clause 1 of part 16 of this article, it is allowed the use of receivers made of waterproof materials that prevent the entry of pollutants, other substances and microorganisms into the environment.

(Part 16.1 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013; as amended by Federal Law No. 217-FZ of July 29, 2017)

16.2. On the territories located within the boundaries of water protection zones and occupied by protective forests, especially protective areas of forests, along with the restrictions established by part 15 of this article, the restrictions provided for by the established forest legislation apply. legal regime protective forests, the legal regime of especially protective areas of forests.

(Part 16.2 was introduced by Federal Law No. 538-FZ of December 27, 2018)

17. Within the boundaries of coastal protective strips, along with the restrictions established by part 15 of this article, it is prohibited:

1) plowing of land;

2) placement of dumps of eroded soils;

3) grazing farm animals and organizing summer camps and baths for them.

18. The establishment of the boundaries of water protection zones and the boundaries of coastal protective zones of water bodies, including the designation on the ground by means of special information signs, is carried out in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

(Part eighteen as amended by Federal Laws No. 118-FZ of 14.07.2008, No. 342-FZ of 03.08.2018)

Water Code (VK) of the Russian Federation deals with the regulation of relations in the field of water use based on the idea of ​​a water body as one of the key components of the environment, the habitat of aquatic biological resources, specimens of flora and fauna. Prioritizes human use of water bodies for drinking and household water supply. Regulates the use and protection of water bodies in Russia, taking into account the needs of people in water natural resources for personal and domestic needs, for the implementation of economic, etc. activities. It is based on the principles of the importance of water bodies as the basis of human life and activity. Defines the restriction or prohibition of the use of certain water bodies.

1. Water protection zones are territories that are adjacent to the coastline (boundaries of a water body) of seas, rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and on which a special regime for economic and other activities is established in order to prevent pollution, clogging, siltation of these water bodies and depletion of their waters, as well as the preservation of the habitat of aquatic biological resources and other objects of the animal and plant world.

(as amended by Federal Law No. 244-FZ of July 13, 2015)

2. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, coastal protective strips are established, on the territories of which additional restrictions economic and other activities.

3. Outside the territories of cities and other settlements, the width of the water protection zone of rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and the width of their coastal protective strip are established from the location of the corresponding coastline (boundary of the water body), and the width of the water protection zone of the seas and the width of their coastal protective stripes - from the line of maximum tide. In the presence of centralized stormwater drainage systems and embankments, the boundaries of the coastal protective strips of these water bodies coincide with the parapets of the embankments, the width of the water protection zone in such areas is set from the parapet of the embankment.

4. The width of the water protection zone of rivers or streams is established from their source for rivers or streams with a length of:

1) up to ten kilometers - in the amount of fifty meters;

2) from ten to fifty kilometers - in the amount of one hundred meters;

3) from fifty kilometers and more - in the amount of two hundred meters.

5. For a river, a stream with a length of less than ten kilometers from the source to the mouth, the water protection zone coincides with the coastal protective strip. The radius of the water protection zone for the sources of the river, stream is set at fifty meters.

6. The width of the water protection zone of a lake, reservoir, with the exception of a lake located inside a swamp, or a lake, a reservoir with a water area of ​​​​less than 0.5 square kilometers, is set at fifty meters. The width of the water protection zone of a reservoir located on a watercourse is set equal to the width of the water protection zone of this watercourse.

(as amended by Federal Law No. 118-FZ of July 14, 2008)

7. The boundaries of the water protection zone of Lake Baikal are established in accordance with the Federal Law of May 1, 1999 N 94-FZ "On the Protection of Lake Baikal".

(Part 7 as amended by Federal Law No. 181-FZ of June 28, 2014)

8. The width of the water protection zone of the sea is five hundred meters.

9. The water protection zones of the main or inter-farm canals coincide in width with the right-of-way of such canals.

10. Water protection zones of rivers, their parts placed in closed collectors, are not established.

11. The width of the coastal protective strip is set depending on the slope of the shore of the water body and is thirty meters for a reverse or zero slope, forty meters for a slope of up to three degrees and fifty meters for a slope of three or more degrees.

12. For flowing and waste lakes located within the boundaries of marshes and corresponding watercourses, the width of the coastal protective strip is set at fifty meters.

13. The width of the coastal protective strip of a river, lake, reservoir of especially valuable fishery importance (spawning, feeding, wintering grounds for fish and other aquatic biological resources) is set at two hundred meters, regardless of the slope of adjacent lands.

14. In the territories of settlements, in the presence of centralized stormwater drainage systems and embankments, the boundaries of coastal protective strips coincide with the parapets of embankments. The width of the water protection zone in such areas is set from the embankment parapet. In the absence of an embankment, the width of the water protection zone, the coastal protective strip is measured from the location of the coastline (boundary of the water body).

(as amended by Federal Laws of 14.07.2008 N 118-FZ, of 07.12.2011 N 417-FZ, of 13.07.2015 N 244-FZ)

15. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, it is prohibited:

1) use of wastewater for the purpose of regulating soil fertility;

(as amended by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

2) placement of cemeteries, animal burial grounds, production and consumption waste disposal facilities, chemical, explosive, toxic, toxic and poisonous substances, radioactive waste disposal sites;

(as amended by Federal Laws of 11.07.2011 N 190-FZ, of 29.12.2014 N 458-FZ)

3) implementation of aviation pest control measures;

(as amended by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

4) movement and parking of vehicles (except for special vehicles), with the exception of their movement on roads and parking on roads and in specially equipped places with a hard surface;

5) location of petrol stations, warehouses of fuels and lubricants (except for cases when petrol stations, warehouses of fuels and lubricants are located in the territories of ports, shipbuilding and ship repair organizations, infrastructure of inland waterways, subject to compliance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and of this Code), service stations used for technical inspection and repair of vehicles, washing of vehicles;

(Clause 5 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

6) placement of specialized storage facilities for pesticides and agrochemicals, use of pesticides and agrochemicals;

(Clause 6 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

7) discharge of sewage, including drainage, water;

(Clause 7 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

8) exploration and production of common minerals (with the exception of cases where exploration and production of common minerals are carried out by subsoil users engaged in exploration and production of other types of minerals, within the boundaries granted to them in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the subsoil of mining allotments and (or ) geological allotments on the basis of an approved technical design in accordance with Article 19.1 of the Law of the Russian Federation of February 21, 1992 N 2395-1 "On Subsoil").

(Clause 8 was introduced by Federal Law No. 282-FZ of October 21, 2013)

16. Within the boundaries of water protection zones, design, construction, reconstruction, commissioning, operation of economic and other facilities are allowed, provided that such facilities are equipped with structures that ensure the protection of water facilities from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water in accordance with water legislation and legislation in the field of environmental protection. The choice of the type of structure that ensures the protection of a water body from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water is carried out taking into account the need to comply with the standards for permissible discharges of pollutants, other substances and microorganisms established in accordance with environmental protection legislation. For the purposes of this article, structures that ensure the protection of water bodies from pollution, clogging, silting and depletion of water are understood to mean:

1) centralized water disposal systems (sewerage), centralized storm water disposal systems;

2) structures and systems for diverting (discharging) wastewater into centralized water disposal systems (including rain, melt, infiltration, watering and drainage waters), if they are designed to receive such waters;

3) local treatment facilities for wastewater treatment (including rainwater, meltwater, infiltration, watering and drainage water), ensuring their treatment based on the standards established in accordance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and this Code;

Water protection zones and coastal protection strips- these terms have been on everyone's lips lately. And some people have already managed to get into an unpleasant situation associated with these concepts. So let's figure it out, finally, what it is.

Water protection zones and coastal protective zones of water bodies - these terms were introduced by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 23, 1996 N 1404 "On approval of the regulation on water protection zones of water bodies and their coastal protective zones." The boundaries of zones and strips, the modes of their use, responsibility for their violation, are determined by the decisions of specific subjects of the Russian Federation, on whose territory these water bodies are located.

Water protection zones of water bodies

Water protection zone water body - the area adjacent to the water body. A special regime for its use and conduct of economic and other activities is determined on this territory. By and large, for an amateur fisherman, this concept is not needed. But, for the general development, so to speak, in in general terms, I'll tell you about it.

The size of the water protection zone is determined depending on the type of water body. For this size is determined depending on the length of the river and the area in which it flows. It is different for lowland and mountain rivers. In addition, for rivers that experience increased anthropogenic impact, the size of this zone is determined.

For lakes and reservoirs, the size of the water protection zone is determined depending on the area and location of the object. And, as well as for rivers, depending on their significance and the degree of influence of anthropogenic impact on them.

For example, I will give several values. For a river in the Kemerovo region, the size of the water protection zone is determined based on its economic, drinking and recreational value of 1000 meters. For mountain rivers and mountain sections of rivers - 300 meters. For rivers whose length is from 10 to 50 kilometers - 200 meters, from 50 to 200 kilometers - 300 meters, more than 200 kilometers - 400 m. For the Aba River (a tributary of the Tom), which has undergone significant anthropogenic impact, the size of the water protection zone is defined as 500 meters.

For the Belovsky reservoir, the size of the water protection zone is defined as 1000 meters. For the Kara-Chumysh reservoir, this size is 4 kilometers, as well as for Lake Bolshoy Berchikul. For other lakes and reservoirs, the size of water protection zones is determined depending on the area of ​​the water area. With a surface area of ​​up to 2 square kilometers, the size of the water protection zone is defined as 300 meters, more than 2 square kilometers, the water protection zone is 500 meters.

In water protection zones, it is prohibited to use aviation for pollinating fields and forests, use pesticides and mineral fertilizers, and store them. It is forbidden to place warehouses of fuels and lubricants and coal, ash and slag waste and liquid waste. It is prohibited to place livestock farms, cattle burial grounds, cemeteries, burial and storage of household, industrial and agricultural waste. Mining, earthmoving and other works are prohibited.

In water protection zones, it is prohibited to wash, repair and refuel vehicles, as well as to place vehicle parking lots. It is forbidden to place garden and summer cottages with a width of water protection zones of less than 100 meters and a steepness of slopes of more than 3 degrees. Logging is prohibited in the main forests. Construction, reconstruction of buildings and structures, communications without the consent of a specially authorized state body for managing the use and protection of the water fund is prohibited.

Coastal protection belts

Coastal protection belts These are the areas directly adjacent to the water body. This is where the amateur angler needs to be more careful. And this is due not to the fisherman himself, but to his transport. Even more stringent restrictions apply within coastal protection zones.

Everything that was prohibited for water protection zones is prohibited in the coastal protective strips. In addition, special restrictions are added. In coastal protective zones prohibited movement of all vehicles except for special purpose vehicles. It is forbidden to plow the land, store dumps of eroded soils, organize summer camps livestock and graze it, establish seasonal stationary tent camps. It is forbidden to allocate garden plots and plots for individual construction.

The most important prohibition for the angler is the prohibition of the movement of vehicles within the boundaries of coastal protective strips. If you violate this ban, there is a chance to run into a very significant fine.

The boundaries of the coastal protective strips are determined, as I wrote above, by the decisions of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. For example, for the Kemerovo region, the size of coastal protective strips is given in the table below.

In coastal protective strips, land plots are provided for the location of water supply, recreation, fishing and hunting facilities, hydraulic engineering and port facilities upon receipt of licenses for water use.

Owners of land, objects located in water protection zones and coastal protective strips must comply with the established regime for their use. Persons who have committed violations of this regime are liable in accordance with the current legislation.