Cultivators purpose and working bodies. Which cultivator is best suited for cultivating a summer cottage? Here are the available varieties and their uses

Cultivator-plant feeder Cultivator-plant feeder is a mounted implement used for cultivating low-stemmed row crops: cutting weeds, loosening row spacing; applying mineral fertilizers to the soil, hilling, cutting irrigation furrows,

Row-crop cultivator A row-crop cultivator is a mounted implement used for inter-row cultivation of potato plantings and other row crops (corn, sunflower). The KON-2.8PM cultivator is designed for processing four rows of potatoes with row spacing of 60 and 70 cm,

Steam autoclave with pre-vacuum A steam autoclave with pre-vacuum differs from a conventional autoclave in its combined vacuum drying and rapid sterilization cycle. The first implies that at the end of the sterilization process, which takes place at high pressure and at

Steam boiler A steam boiler is a device that produces saturated or superheated steam. According to the classification, the following types of steam boilers are distinguished: 1) water-tube boilers, their essence is that inside the pipe there is water and a steam-water mixture,

Omelet with steamed vegetables Ingredients: 100 g cauliflower, 100 g broccoli, 50 g green peas, 100 g tomatoes, 5-6 eggs, 150 ml milk, salt to taste. Method of preparation: Cauliflower, broccoli, green peas and sliced Place the tomatoes in a bowl for rice. Milk

TO cultivators are used for superficial (without wrapping) loosening of the soil and destruction of weeds. It is also possible to use them for cutting irrigation furrows and applying mineral fertilizers.

TO According to their intended purpose, cultivators are divided into steam cultivators (for continuous processing); row crops; special.

Steam cultivators used in soil preparation for sowing and fallow care.

D To form a compacting bed for seeds and destroy weed seedlings, a few days after harrowing, soil cultivation (spring pre-sowing) is carried out to the depth of seed placement. The error in the depth of cultivation should be no more than ± 1 cm. The structure of the top layer of soil after cultivation should be finely cloddy, and weeds should be completely trimmed. The surface of the field, as well as the bottom of the furrow, after cultivation should be smooth, and the height of the ridges should not exceed 4 cm. The lower layers of soil should not be brought to the surface during cultivation.

H In order for the soil to be better leveled and retain moisture, continuous cultivation of fallow and plowed land is accompanied by harrowing.

Row Cultivators used for caring for row crops, that is, they perform inter-row cultivation. They are used to destroy weeds, loosen the soil in rows and between rows in order to improve the nutritional and air conditions of plants, preserve soil moisture, and feed plants. For some row crops (for example, potatoes), inter-row cultivation involves hilling.

Special cultivators used in caring for the following crops: melons, beets, cotton, etc., as well as tea plantations and gardens.

. Cultivators are equipped with a set of replaceable working parts. The main working bodies are: flat cutting; universal; ripping paws.

Scheme 1.

a) – Weeding paw; b) – Universal pointed paw; c) – Chisel-shaped loosening paw; d) – Feeding knife; d) – paw-dumper; f) – Hiller body; g) – Hiller housing with a lattice blade; h) – Furrow-cutter; i) – Section of needle discs; j) – Weeding harrow link; l) – rotary harrow BRU-7.0; m) – Shield; 1) – Stand; 2) – Cheek; 3) – Blade; 4) – Funnel (socket); 5) – Dumper; 6) – Wing; 7) – Blade; 8) – Naralnik; 9) – Section frame; 10) – Needle disk; 11) – Spring; 12) – Harrow tooth; 13) – Bolt; 14) – Bracket; 15) – Harrow frame; 16), 18) – Brackets; 17), 19) – Cylindrical and conical drums, respectively; 20) – Leash; 21) – Pressure rod.

ABOUT bottom-sided flat-cutting paws (razors) [Diagram 1. a)] are used to destroy weeds. The row of cultivated plants is protected from being covered with soil by the flat vertical cheek (2) of the paws. These paws make it possible to process row spacing with small protective zones (strips of soil that have not been treated to the left and right of the row axis), equal to 6-11 cm. The paws are made right- and left-handed (working width 85-250 mm) for processing row spacing of various widths . Along with cutting weeds, one-sided flat-cutting paws also loosen the soil to a depth of 6 cm. The plane of the blade is set to the field surface at an angle of 15 degrees.

WITH The tine blades are great for cutting weeds and also loosening the soil (4 to 6 cm deep) without bringing the wetter lower layers of soil to the surface.

WITH trellis universal paws [Diagram 1. b)] are used for continuous as well as inter-row tillage (to a depth of 14 cm). With their help, weeds are cut well and the soil crumbles, while its wetter layers are partially brought to the surface. Pointed flat-cutting paws differ from universal ones in the angle of inclination. For flat-cutting paws it is 12-18 degrees, and for universal paws it is 25-30 degrees. Lancet paws are made with an opening angle of 60 or 70 degrees and a grip width of 220-358 mm.

D Hole-shaped paws [Diagram 1. c)] are used to loosen the soil (to a depth of 15 cm). They are made as a single unit with the stand. The grip width of these paws is 20 mm.

P Dressing knives [Diagram 1. d)] are used for loosening row spacing, as well as incorporating fertilizers into the soil (to a depth of 16 cm). The funnel (4) (the bell for supplying fertilizers to the soil) is fixed to the chisel-shaped paw. After the feeding knife passes, a groove remains, for leveling which a weeding or second loosening paw installed behind the knife is used.

L Dumpboards [Scheme 1. e)] are used for inter-row processing of potatoes and other crops. Moldboards (5) with sharp edges loosen the soil to a depth of 6 cm and cut weeds, and also cover the weeds with soil, moving it to protective zones. These working bodies are used when the weeds are gaining strength, but the plants are still too small for hilling.

ABOUT heapers [Diagram 1. f), g)] are used to destroy weeds between rows and then cover them in protective zones, as well as to cut ridges. The hiller includes: a tip (8) and a double-sided blade (7) with sliding wings (6), which are equipped with longitudinal adjustment grooves. By adjusting the position of the wings on the blade, the location of the soil moved by the hiller is changed, that is, the height of its crest is changed. The soil is cultivated with hillers to a depth of 16 cm. The height of the ridges can reach up to 25 cm.

A The furrow cutter [Diagram 1. h)] is distinguished from the hiller by the presence of a bell (4) for applying mineral fertilizers. It is used for inter-row cultivation of row crops to cut furrows for irrigation (up to 20 cm deep).

AND Golchy disks [Scheme 1. i)] are used to destroy the soil crust, as well as destroy weeds in protective zones. Installing the discs in such a way, when the convex side of the needles is immersed in the soil, is used to destroy the soil crust, and changing the direction of rotation leads to the destruction of weeds. The needles of the discs shift the surface layer of soil by 1-2 cm, entering it to a depth of up to 4 cm. Discs with a diameter of 350/450/520 mm are available.

B funnels [Diagram 1. j)] are used to loosen the soil in protective zones and between rows. Spring teeth are fixed to a frame, which is connected (hinged) to the beam of the cultivator section for better copying of the relief.

ABOUT External paws on spring stands (they are plates 45 to 60 mm wide, sharpened on both sides) are installed for combing out rhizomatous weeds of row crops or fallow crops.

R The working parts of cultivators are fixed to racks that are rigidly or pivotally connected to the frame.

WITH flat tillage is carried out using cultivators with rigid stands for fixing the working parts (KRG-3.6; KShU-6 (12; 18); KPS-4), with spring stands - KPZ-9.7; KShP-8, as well as milling cultivators KFG-3.6.

Scheme 2. Cultivator KPS-4(device):

1) – Automatic coupling lock; 2) – Support wheel; 3) – Frame; 4) – Leash; 5) – Rod with a spring; 6) – Lancet paw; 7) – Device for hanging harrows.

Cultivator KPS-4 [Scheme 2] is unified in trailed and mounted versions, and is also equipped with a device for hanging tooth harrows. It is aggregated with tractors of classes 1,4 and 2. Using the SP-11M hitch, you can couple two cultivators with tractors of traction class 3, and the SP-16A hitch allows you to use a class 5 tractor with three or even four cultivators.

TO The cultivator consists of a frame (3) with a lock (1) of the SA-1 automatic coupler, a pair of support wheels (2) with a mechanism for adjusting the depth of travel of the working elements, as well as four BZSS-1 harrows. The fastening of the working parts is made in it according to a single-lead scheme. The cultivator can be equipped with loosening or pointed universal shares. Ripping paws are placed in three transverse rows - one paw on short leashes, two on long ones (using double holders). The leads are hingedly connected to the front beam of the flat frame. Pressure rods (5) and springs connect them to the rear beam. Lancet paws (6) (working width 270/330 mm) are arranged in two rows (with an overlap of 40-50 mm on each side).

IN In the trailed version of the cultivator, to transfer it to the transport position, a three-beam hitch with an external hydraulic cylinder is attached to the frame (hinged).

P The device [Diagram 2. 7)] for hanging harrows includes leads attached to the front part of the harrow, as well as chain braces that secure its rear part.

IN The screw mechanism for adjusting the depth of the paws is connected to the frame and wheel bracket. Rotating the screw allows you to change the position of the support wheels relative to the frame, that is, adjust the processing depth. To set the specified tillage depth, it is necessary to place the cultivator on a flat area and place blocks under its support wheels (the thickness of the bars should be 2-3 cm less than the tillage depth, which corresponds to the depth of the rut that the wheels leave on the field). Then, using a screw mechanism, lower the frame until the paws contact the surface of the platform. In this case, the frame must be in a horizontal position, and the heads of the pressure rods must rest on its rear beam, otherwise the processing depth for each of the paws will vary.

N in light soils, as well as during shallow cultivation, it is necessary that the blades of the pointed paws be adjacent to the supporting platform along the entire length. On heavy soils and during deep cultivation, the toes of the paws should be tilted forward at an angle of 2-3 degrees. To do this, change the position of the paw stand (along the cultivator), moving the cast holder along it. When the paw is installed, the holder is secured to the stand using a bolt with a lock nut.

Scheme 3. Cultivator KSHU-12(device):

1) – Spring harrow; 2) – Working body; 3) – Suspension; 4) – Twin wheels; 5) – Snitsa; 6) – Trailer; 7) – Hydraulic cylinder; 8) – Latch; 9) – Side sections; 10) – Wheels of the side sections; 11) – Frame; 12) – Rod with a spring.

Cultivator KSHU-12 [Diagram 3] is equipped with working bodies (2) in the form of pointed paws, which are installed in 3 rows and harrows (1), mounted in spring-loaded rods (12). The frame (11) has the form of a hinged sectional device with side sections (9), which rise vertically in the transport position of the cultivator. The wheel rolling mechanism, designed to move the cultivator to the transport position and back, consists of two pairs of wheels on pneumatic tires and pushers. Adjustment of the depth of travel of the working parts of the central frame of the cultivator is carried out by a mechanism consisting of a screw pair connected through a rocker to a hydraulic cylinder.

R The working parts of the KSHU-12 cultivator are loosening or pointed shares with a working width of 150 and 330 mm, respectively. The leveling device (rotary or spring harrow) crumbles and also settles the loosened soil prepared for sowing.

P When cultivating lightly weeded fields, tines with a working width of 270 mm are attached in the front row (on short beds), and tines with a working width of 330 mm are attached in the back row (on long beds). The final adjustment of the cultivator is carried out in the field.

M inter-row tillage, fertilizing, and hilling are carried out using universal cultivators and plant diggers KRN-8.2; KRN-4.2; KRN-5.6A or special cultivators KF-5.4; FPU-4.2; KNO-4.2; USMK-5.4B; KON-2.8; KOR-4.2.

TO cultivators of the KRN type are similar in design, but differ in the number of fertilizer sowing devices and sections of working bodies. The name “cultivator-plant digger” determines the presence of devices for applying mineral fertilizers.

Scheme 4. (design of the section of working bodies):

1), 10) – Upper and lower links, respectively; 2) – Lock nut; 3), 12) – Rear and front brackets, respectively; 4) – Gryadil; 5) – Overlays; 6) – Rod; 7) – Rear holder; 8) – Working bodies; 9) – Wheel; 11) – Chain.

Row-crop cultivator KRN-4.2 It consists of a frame, support wheels, brackets and sections of working parts. The frame has the form of a transverse beam, which is made of a square pipe. The central and lower brackets are rigidly fixed to it, through which the cultivator is hung on the tractor. To give greater rigidity, the beam is stretched with a sprengel. During operation, two wheels serve as support for the frame.

WITH The section of the working bodies of the cultivator [Diagram 4] is a four-link parallelogram mechanism, which consists of front (12) and rear (3) brackets, a lower link (10) in the form of a frame, and an upper link (1), which is adjustable in length. The section gauge wheel (9) and beam (4) are attached to the rear bracket. The beam section is intended to accommodate working parts, which are fixed in holders (7) located on the beam and in the side rods (6). Horizontal movement of the side holders makes it possible to install working elements with the desired overlap and change the size of the protective zones. Due to the fastening of the racks of the working bodies in the holders using locking bolts, it is possible to smoothly adjust them in depth by moving the racks vertically.

P The middle bracket of the section is attached to the cultivator beam using clamps, which allows, depending on the pattern of crops being processed, to install sections in different places on the beam.

IN In the latest models of row-crop cultivators, in order to adjust the depth of travel of the working bodies mounted on the beam of one section, a lever mechanism is mounted, with which you can change the position of the support wheel. The mechanism includes a gear sector, which is rigidly fixed to the rear bracket of the section, and a lever welded to the support wheel bar with a lock. Thus, you can vary the depth of tillage (up to nine centimeters) by changing the position of the lever on the sector. When carrying out the initial installation of the working bodies on the beams, the lever for adjusting the working bodies of the plow should be fixed in the middle groove of the sector.

Scheme 5.:

1) – Support wheel; 2) – Frame; 3) – Drive mechanism; 4) – Drive roller; 5) – Fertilizer sowing device; 6) – Fiber line; 7) – Feeding knife.

[Scheme 5] consists of a fertilizer sowing apparatus (5) with a drive mechanism (3), through which rotation from the support wheel (1) of the cultivator frame (2) is transmitted to the drive rollers (4) of the fertilizer lines (6) and feeding knives (7).

Scheme 6.

1) – Seeding disc; 2) – Shield; 3) – Belt; 4) – Loop; 5) – Bank; 6) – Level indicator; 7) – Turner; 8) – Castle; 9) – Guide scraper; 10) – Scale; 11) – Fertilizer funnel; 12) – Seeding regulator lever; 13) – Visor.

T The ATD-2 disk-type sowing device is intended for dosed sowing of granular and powdered fertilizers. Its design consists of a cylindrical can (5), which is hingedly connected to a belt (3), in which there are two windows for removing fat. The belt is attached to the cultivator frame using a bracket.

IN The seeding disk (1) serves as the bottom of the can; it is connected to a gear wheel, which receives rotation from the frame support wheel. The seeding disc is equipped with a turner (7).

TO Guide scrapers (9) are fixed to the belt (3), which are rigidly connected to the levers (12) of the seeding regulator. The location of the lever (12) on the scale (10) determines the distance between the end of the scraper (9) and the belt (3), and, consequently, the width of the fertilizer layer that arrives at the sowing window.

IN The sowing disc (1) rotates during operation and draws the lower layers of fertilizer into the rotational movement. The scraper (9) cuts off a certain layer of fertilizer and directs it to the sowing window. From there, fertilizers enter the feeding knife (7) [Diagram 5] through the fertilizer line (6).

TO The caps (13) are installed above the sowing windows [Diagram 5] and prevent the self-draining of fertilizers. The jar (5) has an indicator (6) of the fertilizer level, which is made in the form of a rod with a support plate. The end of this rod, protruding above the lid, indicates the level of fertilizer in the jar.

Preparing cultivators for work.

D In order to adjust the fertilizer sowing apparatus to a strictly defined dose of fertilizer, it is necessary to calculate the mass of fertilizers (kg) that are sown per revolution of the disk. Then you need to tie bags to the fertilizer ducts of one of the devices and make several revolutions of the disk. Compare the mass of fertilizers sown per revolution of the disk with the calculated mass and use it to adjust the seeding regulators of all devices.

P Before starting work in the field, you should configure the working parts of the cultivator with the dimensions of the protective zones, row spacing, type and depth of cultivation. These adjustments are made on a special platform for regulating agricultural machinery, on which a hard surface is laid and there is a marking plate. On the slab you should mark the longitudinal center line of the unit and install the middle of the cultivator beam on it. After this, the boundaries of the protective zones and the center lines of the rows of plants are marked on the slab with chalk.

L The cultivator's tips are positioned so that the edges of the blades are located from the axis of the row at a distance equal to the width of the protective zone. In order to completely cut weeds, razors and pointed tines must be installed with an overlap of 3-5 cm. Along the length of the row, the paws are placed so that the gaps between the wings of adjacent paws for the passage of plant residues and soil are at least 3 centimeters.

D Hole-shaped paws are fixed on the beam at the maximum distance from each other, because they loosen a strip of soil larger than their working width. The working bodies for processing half the row spacing should be located on the outer sections, because the butt row spacing is processed in two passes.

D To set a given tillage depth, bars should be placed under the wheels of the cultivator frame and all sections, the thickness of which is 2-3 cm less than the tillage depth (taking into account the immersion depth of the wheels). The working elements are fixed on the beam so that the cutting edges of the pointed paws and razors are adjacent to the plate, and the chisel-shaped ones rest on it with their toes. This can be achieved by adjusting the length of the upper link of the mechanism (parallelogram) for linking the section.

D the movement of the paws on the “heels” or on the “toes” significantly worsens the quality of their work. When moving on the “heels”, the working parts of the cultivator are not deep enough into the soil, and when moving the paws on the “toes”, cutting of weeds worsens and the mixing of the loosened layer increases.

Agrotechnical requirements. The deviation of the soil loosening depth from the specified value should not exceed 1 cm, the width of the protective zone should not differ from the established value by more than 3 centimeters. In a given treatment area, weeds must be completely pruned, the number of damaged plants should be no more than one percent of the total number in the control area. These indicators of the quality of the cultivator are measured during the first passes of the unit on each cultivated field.

Special cultivators with passive working bodies.

T These cultivators are used both for pre-sowing tillage and for inter-row tillage at different stages of plant growth. For example, the universal beet cultivator USMK-5.4 is equipped with universal pointed and weeding flat-cutting shares, rotary working parts, light tooth harrows, protective discs, as well as a feeding device, which consists of 6 fertilizer sowing units and 12 feeding knives. Protective discs are used when balling to protect plants from being covered with soil. Needle discs are installed to destroy the soil crust and destroy weakly rooted weeds both for inter-row and continuous processing.

D To prepare the soil for sowing sugar beets, universal pointed shares are installed on the cultivator, as well as light seeding harrows - they loosen the soil to the depth of seed placement.

Milling cultivators are intended for processing heavy, clogged, waterlogged soils in the area of ​​irrigated agriculture, where cultivators equipped with passive working parts cannot provide the required quality of processing.

Scheme 7. .

1) – Cardan transmission; 2) – Screw mechanism; 3) – Frame; 4) – Gearbox; 5) – Bar; 6) – Shaft; 7) – Body; 8) – Disk; 9) – Casing; 10) – Knife; 11) – Apron; 12) - Chain drive; 13) – Wheel.

ABOUT The main working body of the KF-5.4 milling cultivator is the milling drum, which is installed on the working section, which is hinged to the frame (3) and is buried in the soil using a pressure rod (5) with a spring. The milling drum consists of a shaft and two disks (8) to which knives (10) are rigidly attached, having an L-shape with blades coated with hard alloy. The milling drum is covered from above with a casing (9) with an apron (11), which helps prevent soil from being thrown around. The shafts of the milling drums are driven into rotation by the power take-off shaft (PTO) of the tractor through the cardan shaft (1), gearbox (4) and chain drive (12).

IN During operation, the knives (10), rotating, cut off thin strips of soil and throw them back. The soil hits the casing, crumbles, then crumbles between the rows and the apron levels it out. The working depth (4-8 cm) is adjusted using the screw mechanism (2) of the support wheels (13) and the central link of the tractor hitch.

D Milling cultivators with a vertical shaft arrangement of the milling working body have found widespread use. Such cultivators are used for pre-sowing preparation of heavy soils (cultivation depth 15 cm) for vegetables, row crops and other crops. They are also used for compaction/crushing, soil leveling, and for crushing blocks after plowing. Cultivators KF-300, KVS-1.7, KVS-3 are recommended for use in all soil zones (with the exception of areas clogged with large stones (more than 15 cm) or subject to wind erosion)).

Thinners. Thinners are intended for along-row thinning of sugar beets, which are sown with row spacing of 45 or 60 cm. Thinners are available in 2 types: 1) mechanical thinner USMP-5.4; 2) automatic thinner PSA-5.4.

Scheme 8.

a) - USMP-5.4 b) – PSA-4.5 1) – Cutting head; 2), 19), 20) - Knives; 3) – Holder; 4) – One-sided paws; 5) – Beam-frame; 6) – Gryadil; 7), 10) – Wheels; 8) – Gearbox; 9) – Grounding disk; 11) – Frame; 12) – Hydraulic distributor; 13) – Cable; 14) – Drive; 15), 18) – Levers; 16),17) – Sensors; 21) – Beam; 22) – Cutout; I) – Top view.

N and 8 or 12 thinning sections are installed in the frame (5) of the USMP-5.4 thinner [Diagram 8] (depending on the row spacing). Each section includes a beam (6), on which one-sided flat-cutting paws (4) and a gearbox (8) are attached. A cutting head is installed on the driven shaft of the gearbox, which is a hub with L-shaped knives (2). A support-drive wheel (7) is installed on the drive shaft. The design of the gearbox (8) allows the cutting head to rotate in a plane at an angle of 40 degrees in the direction of movement of the unit, while the support-drive wheel rolls along the row spacing.

R The cutting heads, which are located above the rows of beets, rotate during operation and use knives (2) to cut out part of the plants in the row and form bouquets from them. It is possible to attach 6-18 knives to each of the cutting heads, which will allow you to determine the length of bouquets from 50 mm to 150 mm.

P Before setting up the thinner, you need to determine the actual density of the seedlings, select the number of knives and their arrangement on the cutting head. By rotating the gearbox housing relative to the axis of the support-drive wheel, you can change the depth of travel of the knives (within 3-4 cm).

P When operating, the USMP-5.4 thinner does not take into account the location of plants in the row - this can lead to uneven distribution of crops.

P The PSA-5.4 thinner is capable of forming sugar beet crops of a certain density - no manual labor is used. Thinning sections process twelve rows of plants. On each section, levers (15,18), knives (19,20), a plant detection sensor (17) and a sensor for monitoring the operation of knives (16) are attached to the frame (11) [Diagram 8,b]. The PSA-5.4 thinner is equipped with an electronic control unit, powered by the tractor's electrical equipment. The autonomous hydraulic system is equipped with its own hydraulic pump and operates from the tractor PTO.

P When the thinner moves across the field, the sensor (17), which is located above the beet row, touches the plants and closes the electrical circuit “sensor-plant-soil-grounding conductor (9)”. The electric current pulse that occurs in the control circuit is amplified in the electronic unit and enters through the cable (13) into the electromagnetic drive of the hydraulic distributor (12). At the same time, its spool moves and directs the flow of oil into the hydraulic cylinder of the knife drive. The front knife (19) and the rear knife (20) move across the row, going 1-2 cm deep into the soil, cutting off all the plants that are in their area of ​​action. The knife (19) cuts out excess plants and weeds in front of the control plant, and the knife (20) removes the remaining weeds and excess beet plants and loosens the soil behind the control plant.

IN When the sensor (17) touches the next plant, the second hydraulic cylinder of the drive (14) moves the knives in the opposite direction. The sensor (16) controls the operation of the knives. If there is no movement of the knives, a warning light on the remote control will turn on. The thinner is equipped with interchangeable knives for creating bouquets 35/55/75/95 mm long with a distance between them of 80/100/120/140 mm.

When choosing motor cultivators, you should definitely study the rating of the best, as it will help you understand the models and choose the best option. Motorized cultivators are an indispensable tool for people who garden. They are intended to loosen and plow the soil and make furrows.

The best lightweight motor cultivators

Many people want to purchase an inexpensive and reliable motor cultivator. In this case, you can choose lightweight models. Their weight varies between 9-10 kg. Their cost is low, but the units are quite reliable. Power ranges from 1 to 3.5 horsepower. Compared to larger and more powerful models, lightweight units have only one drawback: they are not suitable for processing large areas. The maximum is only 15 acres.

But such models have many advantages:

1. Low cost, so this cultivator is accessible to many. Since the power is small, this affects the cost. Such models will cost much less.
2. Mobility. Due to the fact that the model is very light, there are no problems with its transportation. The device can be placed anywhere, including in the trunk of a car. In addition, such equipment can be carried independently.
3. Treatment of even the most difficult to reach places. Due to the fact that the models are light and compact, they are very convenient to handle. In addition, you can reach even the most inaccessible places where large equipment cannot get through.
4. It must be taken into account that such simple models, which have a power of no more than 1.5 horsepower, are suitable only for lands that have already been developed. Such units will be able to loosen it to a depth of no more than 10 cm. They have only 1 forward gear, and the cutter speed is only 130 revolutions per minute. It will not be possible to cultivate virgin soil or compacted land that has not been previously cultivated. Because of this, the demand for such models is low. In addition, you need to take into account that in terms of reliability they are noticeably inferior to medium and heavy models, since all their components cannot be repaired after a breakdown due to their low profitability.

The best lightweight motor cultivator is the Hyundai T 2000E. It weighs no more than 30 kg. Thanks to this, even an elderly person can roll it out of the barn. At the same time, the model will cope with all tasks perfectly thanks to the engine, which is made in North Korea.

Video review of the Hyundai T 2000E motor cultivator

The advantages of such a motor cultivator are the following properties:

• quite large cutters - their diameter is approximately 2 m 80 cm;
• the presence of a high-quality electric motor with a power of 2.71 hp;
• chain type gearbox;
• low price;
• reliability;
• the ability to plow the soil to a depth of 25 cm.

However, this model also has disadvantages. For example, it is too noisy during its operation. In addition, it will not be possible to use such a unit over large areas.

The best medium-sized motor cultivators

Most people think about how to choose a medium-type motor cultivator. These models weigh from 40 to 65 kg. Engine power is no more than 5.5 hp. Typically these devices have 3 gears, two of which are forward and one is reverse. Such devices can process the soil to a depth of up to 35 cm. The width of the treated area in one pass will be no more than 0.85 m.

These characteristics are quite sufficient for motor cultivators, which will be used for soil cultivation approximately 3 times a year. In this case, the area of ​​the site should be small or medium. Such models are perfect for avid gardeners and semi-professional gardeners.

Models usually weigh up to 50 kg. Thanks to this, the device is stable, so it is convenient to work with it. In addition, such devices are quite powerful so that additional equipment can be installed on them - for example, a mounted plow, like on walk-behind tractors.

Another advantage of medium tillers is that they are quite easy to use. Even if a person has never handled such equipment, it will not cause problems. Such an acquisition is not a complex mechanism, so you just need to follow the instructions.

Video review of Hyundai motor cultivators

One of the best models is the Hyundai T 800. The name of this device is in honor of the famous terminator. Manufacturers consider this device one of the best in terms of reliability and simply indestructible. Serious damage rarely occurs.

The model has the following advantages:

1. High-quality Hyundai IC 160 engine, which has a power of 5.5 hp.
2. Soil treatment at a depth of up to 0.3 m.
3. Low cost.
4. Chain type gearbox.
5. Reliability.

However, this model also has disadvantages. For example, it only has one reverse and one forward gear. The strip of soil that will be processed is no more than 0.6 m wide. Despite this, the reviews are positive and buyers do not complain about anything. The only thing they wanted was to be able to attach additional equipment to the device.

Champion BC6712 cultivator in action (video)

Champion BC6712 is another reliable motor cultivator that falls into the mid-range category. This model is considered even more serious. It has 6 large cutters. This device is characterized by a large depth of soil processing. Its controls are very simplified.

In addition, the unit has the following positive aspects:

1. A quality engine that produces almost 5.6 hp.
2. Plowing is carried out to a depth of 0.33 m.
3. The cultivated strip of land will be 0.86 m wide.
4. Reliability.
5. Quite a low price for a device of this class.
6. Low fuel consumption.

But it is also necessary to take into account the disadvantages of such a unit. Firstly, the wheels can be easily damaged if you lock them in the down position. Secondly, there is only one reverse and one forward gear. According to reviews, this device plows perfectly, and there are no complaints about it. Manufacturers have not forgotten about the need for reverse gear. And thanks to a high-quality engine, the unit will delight you for a long time, since its service life is quite long.

The best heavy motor cultivators

The best motor cultivators belong to the heavy category. They are often compared to walk-behind tractors. The power of such units is more than 5.5 hp, and the weight of the devices is more than 70 kg. With such a device you can easily plow virgin soil or untreated compacted soil. This unit is often used on small farms. It is also great for amateur gardeners.

The power of such a device is enough to treat an area of ​​1-2 hectares. By choosing a model with a power of 9 hp, you can expect that the unit will plow an area of ​​5 hectares. The device is capable of processing soil at a depth of up to 20 cm. In this case, the strip width is more than 60 cm, since the cutters are usually quite wide.

Another advantage of heavy models is that it is possible to install attachments on them. You can even attach a trolley, but its weight should not be more than 300 kg (the more precise parameter depends on the model itself). The main disadvantage of such devices is their high cost. However, their characteristics are the best among all other options.

Video review of the heavy cultivator Husqvarna TF 338

The Husqvarna TF 338 is the best heavy duty cultivator. It differs in that the strip of treated soil is approximately 96 cm. This result is achieved through the use of 8 cutters, which are included in the kit.

In addition, the advantages of the model also include the following:

1. You can plow the soil to a depth of 0.3 m.
2. A high-quality engine of the same name, which has a power of almost 4.9 hp.
3. Availability of a chain type gearbox.
4. There are 2 forward and 1 reverse gears.
5. Availability of a coulter included.
6. The presence of several additional wheels.
7. The design is very reliable.

Although this model also has a drawback - it is a high price. But according to reviews, this device is one of the best among all known motor cultivators. In terms of power, it is not inferior to walk-behind tractors of the same category. In addition, buyers appreciated the heavy weight of the device - almost 94 kg. Thanks to this, it easily cuts into any soil. This motor cultivator is perfect even for people with a large garden.

Domestic motor cultivators: “Mole” and “Tarpan”

It is not only foreign products that are famous in the market for motor cultivators. You definitely need to know how to choose the best option among them. Buyers claim that the “Mole” model is one of the best motor cultivators on the market. This technique is distinguished by its unpretentiousness and reliability. In addition, you can additionally attach various hillers, a plow, as well as cutters called “crow’s feet” to it. This model is perfect for clay soil and untreated dense soils. It is best to buy such a device if the area of ​​the plot is no more than 10 acres.

The “Mole” model is a good option for summer cottages. It can easily process an area with a small area, but on large areas it is considered ineffective.

Typically the engine is a Honda two-stroke with one cylinder. There is air cooling. The only exception is the V700ii model, which has a domestically produced engine.

The device can process soil to a depth of 12 to 25 cm. The “Mole M” model is considered the most compact. Its power is approximately 5 hp. It can cultivate the soil to a depth of 0.36 m. Models differ in weight and power. For example, if the power is 2.6 hp, then the model weighs no more than 48 kg. For device with 3.5 hp engine. weight is 50 kg. If the power is 4 hp, then the model weighs about 50 kg. Its weight increases to 53 kg with a power of 5.5 hp. At the same time, the width of the processed strip in different models varies from 35 to 60 cm.

Cultivator "Mole" with Sadko 6.5 hp engine in operation (video)

The DDE series is also very popular. In terms of reliability and technical characteristics, it is no worse than foreign analogues. In this series, 3 models with a power of 6.5 hp each were developed. The first model can process a strip 40-60 cm wide, the second - 60 cm, and the third model processes soil 1 m at a time (but this value can be reduced independently).

Another popular domestically produced cultivator is the Tarpan. It is great for people who need to cultivate a plot of up to 15 acres. People value such models for their power and engine reliability. “Tarpan” was developed back in 1991 by Tula engineers, but the models became popular only after they were equipped with American-made Briggs & Stratton engines with 5.5 and 6 hp each. Now the manufacturer of such cultivators is the Tulamashzavod enterprise.

According to reviews, "Tarpan" is distinguished by a worm-type gearbox, which is distinguished by its indestructibility. At the same time, the device itself can easily be decomposed into 2 components in order to be transported in the trunk of a car. In addition, such a unit weighs a little. Another advantage is the ability to attach additional equipment that comes with such models. In addition, the width of the strip can be 35 cm, 0.7 m and 1 m. The model can be controlled by a steering wheel located at a height that everyone can adjust to their own needs.

Thanks to the combination of a powerful foreign-made engine and a durable domestic design, the Tarpan was able to work even on heavy soils. In 1 hour you can plow more than 2 acres without haste. Now you can buy Tarpan models with Zongshen, Champion, Honda and Briggs & Stratton engines. This can be determined by the name of the product, since the name of the model must include the name of the engine itself.

Domestic motor cultivators: “Neva” and ProRab

Another domestic-style motor cultivator is the Neva. The manufacturer produces models of heavy and medium categories. They are distinguished by a wide coverage, so that an area of ​​up to 1 hectare can be processed. But for a large vegetable garden this option is not suitable.

Models are equipped with Honda, Briggs & Stratton and Subaru engines. The control of the design is very convenient and simple. The steering wheel can be adjusted in height. The front wheel is doubled to make it easier to move the unit across the soil if cutters are installed.

For various models, the manufacturer also produces additional equipment. Which one is suitable specifically for each unit must be clarified immediately, since there are several different modifications of the Neva. Such a motor cultivator can even be converted into a lawn mower and a machine for sweeping dust and removing snow.

Video review of the Neva motor cultivator

ProRab is another domestically produced motor cultivator model. There are several modifications. They are equipped with gasoline, electric and diesel engines, which also differ in power. Users noted the good ratio of low price and excellent quality. In addition, the series has good technical characteristics. It is also possible to purchase additional attachments. For example, this applies to a mower, plow, hiller, grouser, potato digger.

Models that have a 4-stroke gasoline engine with air cooling capability have a power of approximately 2-7 hp. Manual launch. The width of the processed strip of soil varies from 25 cm to more than 1 m, while the depth will be 20-35 cm.

Models with a 4-stroke diesel engine have a water cooling function.

Power varies from 6 to 12 hp. Depending on the model, there are 1-2 reverse and 2-6 forward gears. In this case, the width of the strip of processed soil is approximately 0.8-1.1 m.

For engines with an electric motor, the power is approximately no more than 2 hp. These are cheap lightweight models. They only have 1 forward gear. The width of the soil strip is about 0.4 m, and the processing depth is no more than 22 cm.

Other famous motor cultivators

There are many other well-known models of motor cultivators. One of these is the DDE V380 II ELF. The manufacturer is China. The cost is approximately 17 thousand rubles. Belongs to the category of light models. It is of high quality. An American Briggs and Stratton engine was installed. 4 cutters are included that perfectly loosen the soil. The assembly is very high quality. The only drawback of this model is its rather heavy weight - almost 33 kg.

ECHO TC-210 is another famous model. It is great for women, as its weight is no more than 10 kg. Belongs to the category of light cultivators. The manufacturer is Japan. The cost of the device is approximately 33 thousand rubles. In addition to light weight, the advantages also include ease of use, a high-quality engine (diesel, gasoline and electric) and a minimum of fuel consumption. However, there are also disadvantages to consider. For example, the performance of this model is quite low when compared with other units. In addition, if the soil is very hard, it will not be possible to plow it.

DAEWOO DAT 3555R is another popular Korean-made cultivator. Its cost is approximately 23 thousand rubles. The advantages include a proprietary powerful engine, the presence of reverse, and low fuel consumption. The plowing depth is almost 30 cm.

CAIMAN TURBO 1000 is one of the best electric models in the light category. The manufacturer is France. The only drawback of this model is the rather high price. But on the other hand, the device is battery powered, has reverse, convenient controls and a beautiful appearance.

DDE ET1200-40 is also a lightweight electric cultivator. Its weight is no more than 12 kg. The manufacturer is China. In addition to light weight, the advantages include a low price, the presence of 6 cutters in a set and convenient operation. As for the disadvantages, you need to take into account that such a device will not be able to process hard soils.

NEVA MK-200-S6.0 is the best mid-range motor cultivator. Its advantages include the presence of a Subaru engine, low cost, as well as 1 rear and 2 forward speed gears. As for the shortcomings, you need to take into account that, despite the quality of the parts, the assembly leaves much to be desired.

Conclusion

People are thinking about how to choose a motor cultivator - inexpensive and reliable. Motorized cultivators are good helpers in vegetable gardens and orchards. When choosing such a unit, you need to pay attention not only to prices, but also to quality, technical characteristics and their capabilities.