Scheme of organizing heating in a private house. Do-it-yourself water heating schemes for a private house and some design nuances

This is a very important question. If there is an error in choosing a heating system the rooms will be cold, or expenses for heating will be completely unbearable.

DIY heating connection diagrams for a private house

Exists several types heating systems for a private home that you can do yourself.

Single pipe systems

Key element - boiler. In it, the coolant is heated, passes through the heating system and returns back to the boiler, where the water is heated again.

Serves as a cold water intake pipe second part of the system. The entire system is circular and closed in a continuous cycle.

Single-pipe systems are:

• Closed- does not communicate with the surrounding air, and if there is excess pressure inside, excess air is removed manually. The volume of liquid in the system is constant.
• Open- have a leaky expansion tank into which excess air is forced out. Pipes passing through the house are located above heating devices (to displace air into the container).

It comes out of the water heating boiler one pipe and, sequentially running around all the radiators, returns back.

• low cost;
• the flow of water is directed at will;
• ease of installation;
• the system can be mounted under the wall or under the floor;
• use of any boiler(solid fuel, gas, electric);
• All elements of the system are connected to the distribution pipe.

• High cost.
• The water temperature decreases from one battery to another, and if there are many radiators connected, then the last one is already cold. To heat all the rooms, the heating temperature must be greatly increased, which entails additional costs.
• Running coolant requires high pressure, for which an additional pump is installed.
• High system pressure causes wear(a large number of leaks occur).
• A system that It has not been used for a long time and is difficult to start.
• Without installing the proper slope, air plugs may occur in the chain., which makes heat transfer difficult.
• It is not possible to repair a single link without shutting down the entire system.

Horizontal

The principle of operation is circulation through a closed horizontal coolant circuit, which enters and exits the same boiler.

Photo 1. Horizontal single-pipe heating system with a main pipe from which wiring goes to the batteries.

From the heating boiler, the main pipe is laid horizontally (on the floor or under the floor), from which branches are made to the radiators. If the house is two-story, then on the first floor a riser cuts into the main pipe to supply water to the second floor.

Attention! The main pipe is being laid on a slight slope(with natural coolant circulation), while the batteries must be installed at the same level.

If the structure is mounted on the floor, then the pipes are insulated so that there is no excess heat transfer.

• ease of installation;
• cheapness;
• if the system is equipped with bypasses, then the difference in temperature is small;
• dismantling one battery does not require shutting down the entire system;
• the coolant circulation will be quite fast.

• temperature adjustment on individual radiators is not possible;
• when repairing one link, the entire system must be stopped;
• The difference in temperature between the first and last radiator is very large.

The connection can be:

• Flow-through(severe heat loss, not recommended for small rooms).
• With bypasses(the bypass diameter should be smaller than that of the main pipe. Part of the water goes to the radiator, the rest moves further through the system).
• Nizhny(possibly with forced passage of liquid).
• Diagonal(better for heat transfer).

Important! If the system is mounted for a two-story house, then the equipment must include a pump for forced circulation of liquid.

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Vertical

All batteries in parallel connected to vertical risers. It is advisable to install this system in buildings with more than two storeys. The heated coolant flows from top to bottom.

The heated coolant supply from the boiler goes to the top of the tank and from there it diverges along the conductive line to the radiators. The cooled liquid is returned to the boiler.

• ease of installation;
• uniform heat distribution;
• when renovating one floor, it is not necessary to turn off the other;
• good natural current.

• high pipe consumption;
• heating large rooms is difficult.

Installation nuances:

• The presence of an expansion tank is mandatory here. Installed at the peak point (attic).
• It is advisable to install one Mayevsky crane on the floor.
• The main pipe is laid with a slight slope.

Only metal pipes can be attached to the boiler.

Project of the Leningradka scheme

The heated coolant leaves the heating boiler, sequentially passes through all connected heating devices and returns back.

"Leningradka" can be:

• vertical;
• horizontal;
• with top or bottom wiring.

The main pipe is being laid along the outer walls of the building, encircling it around the perimeter. All heating devices, including heated floors, are connected to this pipe. Allowed into the system inset of modern elements(pump, thermostatic valves, bypasses, etc.).

Photo 2. Diagram of the Leningradka heating system with a circulation pump, four radiators and an expansion tank.

• possibility of connecting several heating boilers;
• low cost;
• low pipe consumption.

• use of large diameter pipes so that the entire system works efficiently;
• Air locks often form in the system;
• to the system You can connect heated floors or a heated towel rail, but the power is not enough for full-fledged operation.

When assembling the system, the following points must be taken into account:

• If the main pipe is laid below floor level, then In addition, thermal insulation must be used to avoid overheating of the floor.
• The main pipe is pulled with a slight slope.
• The expansion tank must be installed close to the boiler.
• The pump can only be installed after the expansion tank along the flow of the coolant.
• Installation heating carried out before any finishing work begins.
• Radiators are located only on one level.

Important! Due to excessive airing of the chain, use Mayevsky cranes Necessarily.

During installation, sudden changes in height must be avoided, since in this case, traffic jams are guaranteed.

Two-pipe with bottom wiring

The main difference between this system and a single-pipe system is the number of pipes: hot water is supplied through one, and cold water is discharged through the other.

Both pipes(both feeding and collecting) are located below under the batteries. The hot coolant pipe is laid above the return pipe. The liquid moves through the system from bottom to top.

Exists two connection methods batteries:

• ray— each radiator is connected to the main pipe by separate connections;
• consistent.

The system can be installed with:

• passing contour(liquid in both pipes moves in the same direction);
• dead end(coolant moves in different directions);
• one;
• several.

• autonomy of floor heating;
• possibility of operation until the construction of the house is stopped;
• low heat loss due to installation features;
• the central unit can be placed in the basement.

• airiness systems - air bleeding must be carried out daily;
• when installing an overhead line system becomes unnecessarily bulky;
• high consumption of materials(especially for radial connection);
• adjustment should be carried out before the onset of cold weather;
• low pressure in the supply coolant.

When laying the chain, the following points must be taken into account:

• Radiators are additionally equipped with Mayevsky taps to remove air from the system (air vents can be installed).
• If the system is installed in a multi-story building, then laying an overhead line, through which excess air is discharged into the expansion tank.
• If the main pipe ends up near the front door during installation, it can be divided into 2 elbows.

Two-pipe with top wiring

This system is good in houses with several floors. The heated coolant under pressure goes from bottom to top into the tank, and from there through the supply pipe to the radiators. A system with top supply is always vertical; heating radiators are mounted parallel to vertical risers.

The supply pipe runs through the attic or tech. floor, and the return pipe - in the basement or below floor level on the first floor.

Photo 3. The diagram of a two-pipe heating system with overhead wiring is suitable for private houses with two or more floors.

• ease of installation;
• low heat loss;
• airiness does not occur;
• excellent natural circulation.

• it will not be possible to install a large number of radiators;
• high consumption of components;
• does not heat a large area.

The chain is mounted taking into account three points:

• mandatory installation of an expansion tank at the top point of the supply pipe;
• if the coolant flow is natural, then a slight slope is taken into account when laying both pipes;
• the supply pipe goes to the batteries through the expansion tank.

Beam system with collectors

A collector is connected to the heating boiler - single thermal unit, from which each radiator in the room has its own branch. The collector is:

• simple;
• improved(with automatic temperature control).

This option is suitable for a two-story house. Departs from the collector from two to twelve knots- depending on the number of radiators in the house. If necessary, the number of layers is increased.

To the collector "comb" you can connect a pump- for forced circulation of liquid. And hide the structure itself in a closet so as not to spoil the aesthetics of the house.

• durability;
• ease of repair(no need to disconnect the entire circuit);
• temperature adjustment;
• uniform temperature in all rooms.

• price.

Reference! To somehow reduce the cost of pipes, it is better to install a manifold cabinet in the central part of the house.

Installation nuances:

• Typically, this system uses metal-plastic pipes. When installing into the floor, it is recommended to wrap each pipe in insulation so as not to injure it on the concrete during expansion.
• Recommended diameter is 16 mm.
• Do not route pipes through doorways- otherwise the pipe may be damaged when drilling.
• When laying through walls, it is recommended to install them in cartridges.

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With forced circulation

The built-in pump ensures rapid circulation of liquid in the system, which reduces heat loss along the path.

Increased speed prevents mixing of hot and cold water - the temperature in all rooms is equal.

By adjusting the flow rate of the coolant, the temperature in the room is controlled.

According to the project, a pump is built into the forced circulation system to accelerate the coolant.

• comfortable operation;
• possibility of choosing a mounted circuit(collector, one-, two-pipe);
• heating adjustment;
• increasing the service life of components;
• installation of pipes of smaller cross-section.

• pumping system increases initial installation costs;
• noise from a running pump;
• additional electricity costs.

Installation nuances:

Place of installation of the pump group depends on the method of pipe routing. Thanks to the artificial pressure inside the system, the slope is not installed.

With natural circulation

The liquid in the system, heating up, rises and goes into the radiators, where the coolant cools. The cold liquid sinks down. Pressure depends from the temperature difference. The cycle is closed.

• The boiler is installed below the level of the radiators.
• Branch pipes are smaller in diameter than the main pipe.
• A diagonal connection would be correct., in which hot water enters the radiator from above.
• To improve fluid circulation a slight slope is provided.

Install an expansion tank: if there is excess pressure, some of the liquid will flow into it, and if it falls, it will return back into the system.

• low cost;
• Possibility of installation of one- or two-pipe systems to choose from;
• easy repairs;
• does not clutter up the space;
• reliability;
• long service life.

Available only in single-pipe natural circulation systems:

• Uneven heat distribution: in rooms located closer to the boiler it is hot, in rooms further away it is cold.
• Additional expenses: To increase the temperature in cool rooms, batteries are built up or powerful radiators are installed.
• Increased fuel consumption(compared to pump type).

Installation nuances:

• Overheating protection is built into the circuit to prevent airing.
• Each radiator is equipped with a bypass, a thermostat and a Mayevsky tap.

In natural circulation circuits, only water is used (due to its density, antifreeze is not suitable).

Useful video

Watch a video review of a two-pipe heating system, connection options, pros and cons.

Readers.

Installing heating pipes into houses is a very important task with many nuances, the success of which is determined by the efficiency factor.

Pipe layout classification

To achieve maximum efficiency of the coolant in the radiator, you should carefully approach the installation. There are several types of heating system wiring, differing in design and number of pipes involved.

Classification of heating system wiring:

• plinth
• single-pipe;
• two-pipe;
• collector

There are also four options for mounting circuits:

1. Hidden. In this case, the pipes are recessed into grooves in the wall or screed.
2. Open. The pipes are placed outside, this option is less labor-intensive.
3. Vertical.
4. Horizontal.

Natural and forced flow of water in the pipeline is possible.

In general there are two types of system:

1. Open. In this case, the expansion tank comes into contact with the environment. Because of this, you need to constantly monitor the water level in the middle.
2. Closed. In this design, constant internal pressure is usually established. The expansion tank includes a rubber bulb with a metal casing. In this case, the liquid does not come into contact with the external environment.

Single pipe heating system

This option for routing heating pipes is also called sequential.

Peculiarities:

• You can make a self-flowing circuit;
• A fairly economical option, its implementation requires a minimum of materials;
• Compatible with open systems;
• Depending on the distance of the sources, the temperature of the radiators changes, the closest one will be the warmest, the furthest one will be the coldest;
• It is necessary to install bypasses, otherwise if any battery is clogged, the system stops working;
• For forced fluid flow, a powerful pump is required;
• Strict restrictions on the number of radiators in the riser.

In a horizontal system, the main pipe is usually masked in a screed, and pipes to the batteries extend from it. The coolant is supplied from above and leaves from below.

An important nuance: in both systems they mainly use the Leningradka method. To implement it, you need to install a bypass or jumper. This means that, in addition to the main pipe to the radiator, another one of smaller diameter is required. This method allows you to install a thermostatic head, which will equalize the temperature in the radiators. In addition, when aired, the system will not stop functioning.

Features of installation of single-pipe wiring:

• In any case, the boiler is installed from the very beginning.
• If you are using a vertical design with natural circulation, then you must choose a large diameter supply pipe. This approach will allow the hot flow to create the required pressure passing along the entire line.
• If you are using a horizontal design, be sure to not forget about the circulation pump when making calculations. It must be installed in the return pipe. The pump can also be used in a vertical version, but the connection must be via a bypass. Otherwise, when there is no power, it will interfere with natural circulation.
• We must not forget about the slope of the supply pipe leading to the radiators or from the main boiler. It is advisable to leave 3-5 degrees per meter of length.
• It is preferable to locate the boiler at the lowest point of the line.
• It is recommended to use “Leningradka” - a system of jumpers and bypasses with thermoregulation. This approach will allow you to set the temperature on each radiator separately.
• Don't forget about the thermostatic heads on the batteries.
• Experts advise using a Mayevsky tap for each battery. This approach will prevent airing from occurring, which could interfere with the circulation of the coolant.
• In a vertical system, the use of an expansion tank is necessary.
• At the lowest point of the wiring there must be a tap designed to fill and empty the system.
• It is recommended to purchase a boiler with a small power reserve. In this case, the system will be able to effectively heat the room even in severe frosts.

Two-pipe system

This wiring option is also called parallel. It involves two pipes, one of which is supply, the other is return.

Advantages of a two-pipe system:

• Low temperature loss at remote nodes.
• It is possible to install additional radiators in the system if necessary.
• Possibility of setting the temperature on individual batteries.
• There are no restrictions on the number of floors.
• There is no need to use a powerful pump, as in the case of a single-pipe system.
• If one battery does not function, this does not in any way affect the performance of the entire system.
• To carry out repair work, it is not necessary to turn off the entire system and empty it. Read also: "".

Among the disadvantages of a two-pipe system are the need for additional costs for the purchase of material, as well as the complexity of installing a gravity flow system. It has no other significant disadvantages.

Horizontal wiring can be with top or bottom connections. In the first option, the main pipe rises to the very top, where it is connected to the batteries. The opposite is located under them. With a bottom connection, the two pipes are close. Most often they are placed under radiators or in the basement. The advantage of the second method is the ability to use the lower circuit in the house even in case of repair work above. At the same time, you don’t have to wait for them to finish.

In a two-pipe system, horizontal installation can be dead-end or parallel. They differ in the way the water flows. In the first case, the supply and return openings are looped in the outermost battery.

With the accompanying option, a separate mini-circuit is installed for all diffusers. In this case, the supply and return fluid is ringed in each radiator. The advantage of this scheme is the simplicity of calculations and ease of balancing. But if the mini-circuit becomes airy, the water flow may shift towards less resistance. Then the heating will become uneven.

Let's figure out how to lay heating pipes in a private house. First you need to choose the best installation option for your home. Then there are calculations of the number of radiators involved in the system, as well as the diameter of the pipes. Then it will be possible to find out the volume of water required to fill it and select a suitable expansion tank. If an open system is planned, then it is located at the highest point. In the case of a closed system, the cistern is usually located next to the boiler.

With natural circulation, one must not forget about the small angle of inclination. Pipes hidden in grooves require insulation. The use of a circulation pump will increase the efficiency of liquid flow. All batteries must be equipped with Mayevsky taps and a thermal head (it can be replaced with a shut-off mechanism). A pipe with a tap must be built into the system so that it can be filled or drained.

Collector system in a private house or apartment

This scheme for laying heating pipes in a private house should include circuits for each device or group of devices. In itself, such a system is considered a subtype of a two-pipe system. It can be combined with other wiring options. For example, a manifold is intended for a central input, and then it branches into a one- or two-pipe system.

The essence of this method is to use collectors - splitters in the form of a pipe, which have several passages. A common flow is supplied to it, which is then divided into connected circuits.

As with all previous methods, the collector system has its own characteristics:

• All circuits can be adjusted individually.
• You can turn off an individual circuit if necessary, while the entire system continues to function.
• Uniform temperature distribution.
• Possibility of hidden installation.
• The collector system is effective when setting up a heating system over large areas.
• Equal pressure is maintained in all sections of the network, there are no differences.
• To implement a collector system, a large number of connections is not required. Therefore, the wiring is stable and reliable.
• Adding new nodes does not require shutting down the entire system or changing current circuits.

But the collector system also has disadvantages:

• The installation procedure is more complicated.
• The implementation of a collector system is associated with large financial costs when compared with previous methods.
• Installation requires a large number of grooves.
• A pump is required to circulate the liquid; natural current is not possible.

When installing a collector system yourself, it is worth remembering a number of the following nuances:

• It is preferable to purchase a manifold in which the taps can be easily disassembled and repaired. It is advisable that there are several moves in it for reserve. In this case, if necessary, additional circuits can be added to the system.
• First you need to select the location of the manifold cabinet, and then the wiring is done.
• To install the system, two manifolds are required, one of which is intended for supplying liquid, and the second for draining.
• It is necessary to insulate the pipes leading to the collector. This is done to avoid too high a temperature.
• There should be a pressure gauge on the manifold; this will allow you to find out the pressure in the system at any time.
• It is necessary to install a common tap on each collector, closing which will stop the flow of liquid into all circuits at once.
• Coarse and fine filters are required on the cold water pipe. It is most convenient to place them in front of the boiler.
• It is worth planning the system in such a way that it contains a minimum number of connections.
• The use of soldered pipes is not recommended.
• It is advisable to mark the pipes in such a way that the contours can be easily distinguished in the future.
• The connection points should not be in grooves. Otherwise, difficulties will arise with their repair.

Warm baseboard

This design is a system of radiators installed above the baseboard or instead of it. Decorative panels are used to hide it, so it will not be clear to the average person that this is a heating installation.

In its principle, this method is similar to a one-pipe system. Water is supplied through the upper tube connected to the lower one at the end of the baseboard.

System advantages:

• Easy installation;
• Small sizes;
• Efficient heating;
• Small difference in coolant from the beginning to the end of the segment;
• Corrosion resistance;
• Dissipative plates are placed on the pipes themselves;
• The system perfectly warms the external walls;
• Ensuring uniform heating of the air in the room.

Flaws:

• The system will not cope with full heating of the room at significant negative temperatures;
• It is recommended not to make a contour more than 15 meters in length;
• High cost of the system;
• It is not recommended to block the air flow with furniture.

Installation of this type of heating pipe distribution in a private house is distinguished by its simplicity. A special strip is placed on the wall, on which there are sections connected to each other using crimping. And two pipes are connected to the boiler.

It is not necessary to use only one type of wiring in a house. You can combine them as needed. It is important to perform accurate calculations that take into account actual losses and hydraulic differences.

Efficient heating of private housing can be achieved in various ways. It is necessary to decide on the best option at the design stage. This allows you to cope with the problem of heating the upper and lower parts of the building if certain material resources are available.

It is worth noting that heating distribution can be implemented in the form of a two-pipe or one-pipe system. Each option involves taking into account specific operational and design features.

Single-pipe wiring involves connecting elements in sequential order. Here the radiators are filled with coolant one by one. In other words, the heating pipeline of a house consists of a single pipe through which the working fluid moves to the heating elements.

Such a layout of the heating pipeline from the boiler can be presented in several options.

Horizontal type

Horizontal single-pipe wiring involves the location of the pipeline in a horizontal plane. In this case, radiators are installed at the same level in relation to each other.

If a horizontal single-pipe distribution is installed in a two-story private building, then a riser is needed that can supply coolant to the first radiator on the top floor.

To make it possible to regulate the temperature in such a situation, special taps located in front of the first radiators on each floor make it possible.

The horizontal heating wiring diagram in single-pipe systems involves forced circulation of the working fluid. This in turn requires the use of special pumps. Such equipment is dependent on the electrical supply at home.

Vertical type

Installation of single-pipe heating with vertical wiring eliminates the need to install pressure pumps, the presence of which is required by horizontal wiring. This is due to the effect of natural circulation of coolant through the pipeline. The solution is provided by placing the pipes at a certain slope.

The absence of pumps makes the heating system completely independent of the building's power supply. This factor has a positive effect on the ease of use of heating equipment in the house.

Two-pipe heating

A two-pipe heating system requires connecting each radiator to pipelines that are responsible for the flow of heated coolant and the removal of coolant. The main positive aspect of this design is the ability to adjust the temperature of individual heating elements.

When implementing such a project, several wiring options are provided:

1. Lower two-pipe distribution - the main heating unit, which supplies coolant to the heating elements, is located in the basement or above the floor level of the lower floor. Riser pipes in a multi-storey building are diverted from the main pipe, the presence of which ensures the flow of working fluid to the radiators. Subsequently, the cooled liquid moves in the opposite direction through the outlet pipes.
2. Upper two-pipe distribution - involves supplying coolant from the main heat generator directly to the attic of the house. Passing through the heating radiators, the heated working fluid returns from the upper distribution through the corresponding risers.

In order to remove air that accumulates during operation, it is recommended to supplement the two-pipe system with a special expansion tank. Installing the tank yourself allows you to ensure high pressure levels when moving coolant, which helps to increase heating efficiency.

This option is the most common when installing two-pipe heating.

Functionality is ensured by forced circulation of coolant. There are the following options for implementing such a scheme:

1. Dead end. It is characterized by relatively low consumption of materials when installing heating. The obvious negative point here is the impressive length of the system circuit, which is laid in a wide circle from the main heating unit. Compliance with such a requirement complicates the regulation of the temperature of individual heating elements.
2. Along the way. Allows you to make correction of the coolant temperature in individual radiators more convenient due to the equal length of the circulation circuits. At the same time, the implementation of such a project requires the use of a significant number of pipes.
3. Ray. It assumes radial distribution of the coolant, which is accompanied by maximum consumption of consumables. An obvious advantage is the possibility of hidden installation of the pipeline system in the thickness of concrete. This allows you to maintain the visual appeal of heated rooms.

Coolant circulation modes

The movement of working fluid when installing heating in the upper and lower parts of the building can be carried out in the following modes:

• forced;
• natural (vertical single-pipe and two-pipe heating distribution).

This method of moving the heated working fluid in the upper part of the building from the heating unit and its return requires the presence of pumps. The implementation of this approach does not require the placement of individual pipes at an angle.

However, a heating device with forced circulation has a number of disadvantages:

• noise during pump operation;
• from electricity.

The movement of the working fluid is ensured by the effect of temperature difference. Since hot water is less dense than cold water, it becomes possible to move it under the pressure of the latter. This ensures the mutual movement of heated and cooled coolant.

To ensure the operation of heating based on the effect of natural circulation, the installation of pipes with different cross-sections is required. Elements of the largest diameter are used when installing a straight pipeline. Among other things, this requires creating an inclination of the pipeline from the radiators to the heat generator and from the boiler expansion tank to the heating elements.

The advantages of this solution include overall simplicity, ease of use, as well as heating of premises regardless of the availability of electricity.

Which wiring scheme should you prefer?

The choice of scheme depends directly on the nature of the housing in which heating is planned. Particular attention must be paid to the type of attic and the presence of basements.

A plan for the implementation of water heating for a multi-story house is developed taking into account the location of the heating unit. Only after determining the area for its installation can you begin to calculate the advantageous placement of other elements: pipes for supplying and discharging coolant, risers, radiators.

Typically, radiators are located directly under window openings. Only in this case can glass fogging be avoided by heating the inner surface of the window frames.

When developing a home heating project, you should try to minimize the number of bends and long sections of the pipeline. Otherwise, the circulation of the coolant may slow down, which will worsen the efficiency of the system. It is better that the selected scheme involves placing the heating boiler below the horizontal center of the radiators.

Not only the flow of pipes, but also the speed and volume of work performed will depend on what kind of wiring is chosen for heating the home. The choice will affect the heating efficiency of the entire building and the possibility of high-quality heating of individual rooms. To a large extent, the possibility of implementing a particular project depends on the needs of the home owner and the amount of available funds.

If you have an extremely limited budget, preference should be given to installing single-pipe heating. If it is possible not to save much, then it is recommended to install a two-pipe system, which will allow residents of a private house to feel most comfortable in the most severe frosts.

The issue of replacing stove heating with a more modern one, sooner or later, has to be decided by the owner of a private house. It is clear that the task is very difficult for a non-professional, but doable. There are many specific subtleties in this work that only professionals in their field - designers and installers of heating systems - know about. We can't do it without their help. But if the owner of a private house wants to do the heating with his own hands, he can easily do some of the work himself. And entrust the important stages of work to professionals.

This article will give the novice home craftsman an idea of ​​what cycle of work needs to be done.

Heating options

First you need to choose a heating system. And there is plenty to choose from - there are several of them and They differ from each other by the type of coolant:

• Water heating system;
• Steam heating system;
• Air heating system;
• Electric heating system.

Let's look at each of them separately.

Water heating

It works on the principle of a closed loop of pipes containing hot water. The central element in this system is the boiler, where water is heated and distributed through pipes throughout the entire system (). Installed water heating radiators, through which the coolant passes, heat up and warm the rooms. The cooled water flows back into the boiler and the process repeats again.

All heating boilers fit into a similar scheme, but the most popular are economical gas boilers.

Important! Gas boilers require regular inspection and adjustment by gas company specialists.

Steam heating

Steam from heated water acts as a heat carrier. In the boiler, the water is heated to a boiling point and, in the form of steam, is distributed through the mains to the radiators. Cooling, the steam turns back into water and goes back through the pipes to the heating boiler.

There are two types of steam systems:

• Open;
• Closed.

In the first case, the system has a storage tank for condensate. And in the second, the condensate formed after cooling flows back into the boiler through pipes of increased diameter.

Steam heating is used mainly in industrial premises in large industries, where steam is needed for their own needs. For home use, steam heating has not become widespread due to the large areas for placing boiler equipment. And the steam boiler itself is quite difficult to operate, and due to the high steam temperature of 115°, it is also dangerous.

Air heating

In a finished residential building, it is almost impossible to deploy equipment with your own hands to organize air heating. Only at the stage of construction of a new house is it possible to install the entire system (). And this despite the fact that the principle of operation of such a system is quite simple.

A heat generator located at the lowest point of the steam heating system, for example in the basement, heats the air. And already heated, it disperses through the air ducts throughout the rooms of the house and exits through the grilles under the ceiling of the rooms. Warm air displaces cold air into return air ducts laid to the heat generator. That is, it turns out to be a closed cycle of work.

To improve performance, a fan is included in the heating system, which increases the air pressure in the air duct.

An example of the operation of air heating is shown in Fig:

The heat generator can operate autonomously on diesel fuel or kerosene. You can also use gas - both natural gas from the main gas pipeline and bottled gas.

To equip a private house with this type of heating, it is necessary to carry out design work. Specialists will calculate what material the air ducts will be made of (metal, plastic or textile), what size they will be, and build the correct topology of the heating network for the entire building.

Electric heating

Provided there is a constant power supply, electric converters, hanging infrared heaters, and an electrical “warm floor” system will help maintain heat in the house.

This system does an excellent job of heating the house, but high electricity bills make you think about the cost-effectiveness of this heating method.

But if you install it as a spare, in addition to the main one (for example, a gas boiler), then this heating method is quite in demand.

Mounted heating electric convectors have one feature - uneven heating of the room space. The lower zone at floor level is cold, and the upper zone under the ceiling is warm.

An electrical “warm floor” system will help correct the situation:

Heating system elements

The entire electrical heating system in a house can be compared to a person’s circulatory system. The heart is a boiler, from which heat is distributed through veins (pipes) to the heating elements throughout the house.

This is, of course, a figurative representation. In fact, there are many more elements that ensure the efficient operation of the entire electric heating system - from pipe connectors to expansion tanks.

Electric heating can be organized in different ways:

1. Forced water circulation;
2. Natural circulation of water.

A pump is included in the forced circulation system. But there is a small drawback - the pump requires electricity to operate. If it is turned off, the entire heating system will stop working.

Systems with natural circulation, in terms of independence from electricity, are more convenient. Water circulation occurs due to the fact that the water temperature at the outlet and inlet of the heating boiler is different. But in this case, pipes with different diameters are selected, and it is difficult to adjust. The advantage is that such a system does not depend on electricity.

Systems are also divided into open and closed.

In open electrical systems, an expansion tank is installed to relieve excess pressure. As a rule, this is the highest point of the system. To relieve pressure in closed systems, a closed-type membrane tank is installed. It is small-sized, sealed and can be mounted anywhere in the electrical system, which avoids the formation of air locks.

Calculation of the system and selection of boiler power

Of course, store managers can also select equipment. But there are two ways in which you can do this completely independently with your own hands.
A simple approximate method is used by equipment sellers: the area of ​​one room is multiplied by 100 W. By summing the obtained values ​​for all rooms, the required power of the heating devices is obtained.

1. If only one wall faces the street, the area is multiplied by 100 W;
2. For a corner room, the measured area is multiplied by 120 W;
3. If there are 2 external walls and two windows, the area of ​​the room is multiplied by 130 W.

For a more accurate calculation, use the formula:

W cat.=(S*W spec.):10
Where,

• S – room area;
• W beat – specific power of the heater used per 10 m² of room area.

W beat is selected depending on the region.

For example, if the area of ​​all heated premises is 100 m², with a specific power for the Moscow region of 1.2 kW, then the output for the boiler is: W = (100x1.2)/10 = 12 kilowatts.

Heat consumption for ventilation

The flow of fresh air is very important for comfortable living in the house. And therefore, when choosing a heating boiler, it is important to take into account the heat consumption for ventilation. Fresh air indoors is undoubtedly necessary, but the speed at which cold air flows inside the house is equally important. And the lower the speed of fresh air flows, the more comfortable the living conditions become.

Building codes specifically stipulate the presence of exhaust ventilation in the following premises:

• Baths;
• toilet;
• Kitchens.

And the flow of fresh air should be ensured by vents in the windows and supply valves in living rooms (Fig.):

Thus, the supply air is divided into three zones:

1. Air flow.
2. Air flow.
3. Air hoods.

When organizing any heating system, it is necessary to take into account the heat consumption not only for heating the house, but also for its ventilation. If the work is carried out according to the project, then it must include a calculation of heat loss due to the entry of cold air masses into the room.

Only after calculating the nominal air exchange in the house can conclusions be drawn about the final heat requirement for both heating the house and its ventilation.

Before choosing and buying a boiler for your heating system, You need to decide several parameters for yourself:

1. The most important thing is to purchase exactly the type of boiler that will effectively heat the entire house;
2. Choose a heating boiler that will constantly operate on the selected type of fuel;
3. And lastly, the boiler will only work for space heating or also heat water for everyday needs.

For reference! If the boiler operates primarily for heating, it is single-circuit, and if it also produces hot water, it is double-circuit.

Solid fuel boilers

It makes sense to opt for solid fuel heating boilers either if there is no way to connect to gas in the region or if there is fairly inexpensive coal or firewood.

You can install a solid fuel boiler with your own hands using solid fuel as a backup heat source. The cost of such boilers is relatively low, but The heating system will not work without:

• Expansion tank;
• Security groups;
• More reliable pipes and radiators.

This is due to the fact that boilers of this type operate at higher temperatures.

Such boilers are very reliable if a number of conditions are met:

1. The fuel for the boiler must be consistent in both quality and humidity.
2. Mandatory daily cleaning of the solid fuel boiler.

Gas boilers

The most popular, if connected to gas mains, are gas boilers (). Its main advantage is that, despite its simplicity, it is also easy to use. Most modern models of gas boilers are also equipped with a thermostat. And this is very convenient - you select the desired temperature for your home, and the device will automatically maintain comfortable warmth throughout the entire house.

Gas heating boilers have a wide range of prices to choose from.

The price is affected by:

• Manufacturer;
• Power;
• Boiler type.

But the big advantage of boilers of this type is that they already come complete with a circulation pump and an expansion tank.

And the material from which gas heating pipes and radiators are made is completely different and much cheaper than, for example, for boilers running on solid fuel (coal, etc.).

Electric boilers

This is the most expensive way to heat a house ().

But! Electric heating boilers have some advantages:

1. Wide choice of power – from 2 to 40 kW;
2. Stability in work;
3. Do not pollute the atmosphere in the house;
4. Very easy to use;
5. Built-in circulation pump;
6. Supplied with expansion tank and temperature sensor;
7. They are reliable in operation;
8. Inexpensive repairs and maintenance.

Electric boilers are comparable in price to gas boilers.

Liquid fuel boilers

Most consumers have no idea that traditional liquid fuel heating boilers now have the opportunity to work not only on diesel fuel, but also:

• Kerosene;
• Light grades of oil;
• Used oils (including synthetic origin);
• Fuel oil.

It is enough to change the burners for the desired type of fuel.

For reference! There are universal liquid fuel boilers without burners on sale. The consumer has the opportunity to choose a burner for diesel fuel or gas independently.

But when using liquid fuel heating boilers, it is necessary to take into account a number of features:

1. Compared to gas boilers, fuel costs will increase significantly.
2. Equipment purchase and installation costs are higher than other types of heating.
3. On the site near the house it is necessary to leave space for the installation of a large tank for storing fuel reserves.
4. To prevent the specific smell of diesel fuel and the noise from the operation of burners from spreading into the living areas of the house, it is better to install heating equipment in a separate building.
5. Since the burner requires the operation of automation and pumps powered by electricity, to ensure uninterrupted operation, install a backup generator.
6. For stable operation of liquid fuel boilers, only good quality fuel is required.

For convenience, the table combines the estimated characteristics of heating boilers using different types of fuel:

Heating system diagrams

A water heating system can be organized into two types:

• Single-circuit;
• Double circuit.

And according to the principle of movement of the system there are:

1. Single-pipe;
2. Double-pipe;
3. Collector;
4. Leningradskaya.

Single-pipe

A single-pipe heating system is installed sequentially - one radiator after another. From the diagram, a significant drawback of this system is immediately noticeable. The coolant, moving from one radiator to another, begins to cool. With a less intensive circulation of water in distant radiators, it not only gives up all the remaining temperature to the metal, but also slowly enters the return line.

Thus, if the number of radiators for heating is too large, then the last radiator may be completely cold.

In addition, such a heating system is not practical to repair. To repair one radiator, you have to stop all heating in a private house.

Conclusion! In single-pipe heating systems, it is impossible to extend the circuit indefinitely.

Two-pipe

In a two-pipe heating system, maintenance is much simpler. Hot water is supplied to the radiator through one pipeline, and through another pipe (waste water) it flows back into the boiler. The radiators in this circuit are connected in parallel.

For ease of operation and repair, each pipe is mounted with a shut-off valve. Here, too, the water at the last radiator in the system will be colder, but significantly hotter than in a single-pipe system.

Collector

The figure shows that the supply and return systems for each heating radiator are organized independently of each other. A significant advantage in such a system is the ability to coordinate the temperature in any room separately. It is also very convenient to repair any section of the pipeline and each radiator separately.

Today, all experts recognize the collector heating system as the most progressive.

But there are also disadvantages:

• Requires installation of a manifold cabinet;
• Pipe consumption when installing a heating system is sensitive to estimates.

Leningradskaya

A more advanced, single-pipe system, which, combined with ease of installation and low cost, is still very popular.

Despite the fact that the Leningrad heating system began to be introduced many years ago, it is still successfully used in the construction of multi-story buildings. This system has a main feature – simplicity. To construct such a system, you can have a minimum of knowledge and get by with a minimum amount of materials than in two-pipe systems. In addition, such a system has the ability to control each radiator in the system.

System installation

Once the choice of heating system has been made, the most correct step would be to contact the design office. Having a work project and drawings in hand, you can purchase and store the necessary materials, monitoring and control devices, and components.

Installation begins with choosing the location for installing the heating boiler. If combustion products are released during boiler operation, the optimal solution would be to build a separate boiler room. You can place the boiler room in the basement, provided there is good ventilation and sound insulation.

The boiler itself is installed at such a distance from the walls that it is always easily accessible for maintenance.

The covering of the floor and walls near the heating boiler must be made of fire-resistant materials. A chimney system is installed from the boiler to the street.

The following steps for installing the heating system will be carried out according to the project:

• Installation of a circulation pump;
• Distribution manifold unit;
• Measuring instruments;
• Manual or automatic adjustment devices.

After completing the installation of the boiler, they proceed to work on the installation of main pipelines, according to the selected heating scheme, to the places where the radiators will be installed. In residential buildings, you will have to make passages for pipelines in the walls and partitions. Based on the selected material, the pipes are connected to each other by previously prepared elements.

Installation work is completed with the installation of radiators. Typically, the following conditions are adhered to during installation:

1. Distance from the floor – 12 cm;
2. Distance from walls – up to 5 cm.

Shut-off valves, temperature sensors and other adjusting elements are installed on the pipes at the inlet and outlet of radiators.

The installation work is completed by pressure testing of the entire system.

Boiler connection

Connecting the installed boiler to the heating system according to the following diagram:

1. The pipe system laid throughout the house is connected to the terminals on the boiler.
2. As a rule, shut-off valves that cut off from the general system are installed at the joints.
3. To operate electrical appliances, wires and a ground loop are connected.
4. Installation of safety valves, thermostats and other devices (installed before installing shut-off valves).
5. For gas heating boilers - connection to the gas pipeline.
6. Filling the heating system with water.
7. Pressure testing of the system with high pressure. At the same time, leaks in the system are identified and eliminated.
8. Relieving pressure in pipes to operating level.

Important! When starting a gas boiler for the first time, the presence of a representative of the gas company is required.

The modern building materials market offers a large selection of pipes from a variety of materials for the installation of a heating system.

Of course, with sufficient welding skills, you can opt for the usual steel pipes. But why doom yourself in advance to guaranteed system repairs due to the fact that the pipes will be susceptible to corrosion?

If there is a desire to use either copper or stainless steel pipes, then it can only be approved if the owner is not limited in financial resources and is not afraid of certain installation difficulties. Such pipes are the most expensive, but they are not afraid of high pressure and high temperature.

The most inexpensive option is polypropylene pipes. But we must take into account that the connection points with the fittings are made by soldering and if the heating of the connection is insufficient, this place will definitely leak. And if overheated, the internal section may overlap with molten material.

Recently, polyethylene or metal-plastic pipes have become very popular. Installation is quite simple, provided that the joints are made using pressed fittings. They can be laid under poured floors when installing a “warm floor” system.

With a large selection of modern radiators, it is at least not rational to opt for traditional cast iron ones (). Due to low thermal conductivity, they have lost their former popularity.

Aluminum radiators

In addition to high heat transfer, aluminum radiators are very lightweight.

Due to the fact that they have a variety of center distances (350-500mm), the installation of a heating system is greatly facilitated. Aluminum radiators have a number of advantages that distinguish them from other heating devices:

• High heat transfer;
• Low weight of the structure;
• High working pressure (18 atm.);
• Beautiful design.

Bimetallic radiators

Systems of this type combine the advantages of both sectional (made of aluminum alloys) and tubular (made of steel):

• Increased strength (up to 40 atmospheres);
• Long service life (up to 20 years);
• Beautiful design;
• High level of heat transfer.

Steel panel radiators

The main advantage of steel radiators is their quick response to changes in coolant temperature.

They heat up instantly and also cool down quickly. Such properties significantly affect energy saving.

The large area of ​​stamped steel panels has a positive effect on high heat transfer, and the presence of a ribbed surface increases the area of ​​the heating device. Such qualities increase comfort and heating efficiency.

Selection by power and methods of connecting radiators

The decision to completely replace the heating system has been finally made. The main elements of the system have been selected, the only question left to solve is: how much power can the radiators themselves produce?

It is this indicator that is actually the most important in determining the properties of the heating system.
Let's take, for example, a room with an area of ​​10 m² with a ceiling height of 3 m. The volume of the room is correspondingly 10x3 = 30 m³.

But this indicator does not fully describe the characteristics of the radiator. It is known from the standards that to heat 1 m³ of a room, a heating radiator with an output power of at least 40 watts is required.

The result is: 30x40 = 1200 W.

For insurance, you can add 15-20%. This is exactly the amount of heat needed to heat such a room. As you can see, the calculations are quite simple and you can do them yourself before going to the store.

When we figured out the power of the radiator, it remains to choose the method of connecting it to the main line, which is done in several ways, as in the figure:

Lateral connection of heating batteries is used when installing to risers. If the main pipes are laid under the floor covering or at floor level - diagonal.

The figure shows that these two connection methods allow the entire surface of the battery to be used as productively as possible.

The lower versatile connection method also finds its supporters. The figure shows that with this direction of hot water it is impossible to effectively heat the entire space of the radiator.

Errors during installation

Shortcomings and errors in installation work are not uncommon. Their description is a topic for a separate article, but the most common ones can be identified:

• Incorrect selection of heat source;
• Any defects in the boiler circuit;
• Incorrectly selected heating system;
• Negligent attitude of installers.

Choosing a boiler with insufficient power is the most common mistake.

The desire to save on the cost of the boiler, but at the same time power not only the heating system, but also organize the supply of hot water, will lead to the fact that the heat generator will not be able to provide the house with enough heat.

All elements and devices in the boiler piping must be installed according to their functional properties. For example, it is recommended to insert a pump specifically on return pipeline lines and do not forget to take into account the horizontal position of the pump shaft.

If the heating system is incorrectly selected, there is a risk of additional alterations. So, if you “hang” more than five radiators on a one-pipe system, most often the rest will not heat at all.

Examples of shortcomings in do-it-yourself installation include poorly placed slopes, unwelded connections, or installation of incorrectly selected shut-off valves.

For example, if you confuse the installation locations of the valves on the pipes in front of the entrance (ordinary tap) and at the outlet of the radiator (water supply control tap). It also happens that the installation of pipes in the floor occurs without mandatory insulation, so that the water does not cool down on the way to the radiator. I had to change the heating system at the dacha - old cast-iron radiators and a Soviet boiler, for which parts could not be found even during the day with fire. But when we found out the cost of services for replacing and modernizing thermal communications, we were in great shock. In the end, we decided to do everything ourselves - albeit not so quickly, but you can save a good penny. Fortunately, we found this article, where all stages of the work are described in great detail and with examples, with many photographs explaining it. I especially liked the section “Errors during editing” - we learned a lot of useful things from the “what not to do” category, otherwise we would have spent more time, nerves and money on redoing it.

Thanks to the author for the detailed article. It can be safely used as a scientific guide when independently installing a heating system in your home. Thanks also for the many recommendations. They will help, especially for beginners. And on my own behalf I will add that, in my opinion, the most optimal option among those proposed is to install a gas boiler. After all, judge for yourself: it is relatively cheap, familiar and practical. However, the author or anyone else may disagree with me. I'll be looking forward to other people's opinions on this.

Two years ago we just installed heating in the house. So as not to be dependent on the stove, otherwise this fumes and smoke get boring, to be honest. Our specialists and I installed water heating. Quite practical and power is not lost or dissipated. The water is simply heated by the boiler and it is distributed through pipes that are located around the house, such as a battery. And they are already heating the house. For us personally, this method seemed the simplest and most optimal.

A question arose about replacing the heating in a private house, so we decided to throw out the Soviet batteries and boiler and replace it with a new one. The prices are of course terrible, the prices are terrible. So I started searching on the Internet for how to do everything correctly, fortunately I came across you and received information on installing and assembling the system. Everything is explained in detail and it was easy to understand. After reading it, it became more profitable for me to do it myself than to overpay 10 times more to some smart guy who can do the same thing as me.

Autonomous heating systems in private houses perform one of the main functions in their arrangement. Not only the comfort of living depends on the correct distribution of heat in the premises. Heating also carries a structural load: it prevents the occurrence and spread of dampness, mildew and mold. With the constant rise in prices and expensive connection costs, the question of which heating is better in a private home is becoming increasingly relevant.

Autonomous heating has a number of advantages, but you still need to choose the right system Source 999.md

Heating systems: their selection and requirements applied to them

Today, various heating system design diagrams and equipment models for them are presented. There is no ideal option when choosing them. But there are basic rules that need to be followed - to achieve proper regulation, distribution and transfer of heat throughout all rooms of the building.

Video description

In our video we’ll talk about heating in a private country house. Our guest is the author and presenter of the Teplo-Voda channel Vladimir Sukhorukov:

Main criteria when choosing heating systems:

Minimum expenses with high heat transfer. Providing housing with the required amount of heat and low installation, operation and maintenance costs.

Maximum automation. To ensure safety, heating systems must be operated with the least possible human intervention in their operation.

High wear resistance of all elements. The necessary equipment must be selected taking into account its operational reliability.

In some cases, you can use the formula: “the simpler, the more reliable” Source promogaz.ru

Types of autonomous heating systems

All heating systems without exception are classified according to the type of fuel needed for their operation. If you need to constantly save on system energy consumption, and it is possible to use several types of fuel for heating, then the best solution would be to purchase combined equipment. These models have all the advantages of standard types of heating boilers and can operate on several types of fuel. For the purpose of familiarization, different types of installation are presented so that the developer can choose for himself which heating is best for a private home.

The boiler for the heating system can operate from any type of fuel Source nehomesdeaf.org

Water heating

One of the most recognized devices for individual heating systems in your home. The coolant here is a closed circuit pipeline with wiring, with water heated from the boiler circulating through it. Heating is installed in several ways: single or two-pipe, with batteries (cast iron, steel, bimetallic) or convector-type radiators. The heating boiler model is set taking into account the type of fuel.

Schemes of an autonomous water heating system

There are several options for installing such systems. When designing a private house, you need to carefully consider their choice.

For the purpose of familiarization, different types of installation are presented so that the developer can choose for himself which heating is best for a private home.

Wiring with separation according to the type of circulation system

assembly with natural circulation due to pressure difference;

installation with forced type of circulation.

Source remdominfo.ru

At the location where the supply line is laid

installation with top wiring;

installation with bottom wiring.

It makes sense to consider such schemes only when building a two or three-story house Source pinterest.com

By number of risers

single-pipe installation diagram;

two-pipe scheme.

Source suk.evesine.ru.net

By location of risers

vertical connection diagram;

horizontal connection diagram.

Source otoplenie-help.ru

According to the highway laying diagram

decoupling diagram with incidental highways;

decoupling diagram with dead-end highways.

A dead-end circuit is used with a small number of radiators Source dvamolotka.ru

Heating scheme "Leningradka"

The Leningradka scheme simplifies the process of adjusting the temperature for each individual room in the house.

pros:

constant volume liquids in coolants;

saving on fuel;

noiselessness at work;

simplicity in installation, maintenance and repair;

big term operation.

Minuses:

slow heating;

frequent cleaning radiators to increase heat transfer;

high possibility of leakage pipes in case of metal corrosion;

mandatory deletion fluids from the system before its conservation;

need for permanent job, to prevent liquid freezing during the cold season;

labor intensity during assembly.

Diagram of the Leningradka heating system Source promogaz.ru

Air heating

Heating of the home is carried out directly with air, which is heated by a gas air heater, water heat exchanger or electric heater and is distributed through the supply air ducts through the fan into the heated rooms of the house. Cooled air is taken from the premises through return air ducts, fresh air from the street is mixed with it, this mixture is cleaned of dust by a filter, and again supplied to the air heater for heating. And so on in a “circle” until the temperature in the house reaches the value set on the thermostat and the system turns off. When the temperature in the house drops by 1 degree, the thermostat will turn the system on again and so on.

Video description

In this video we will discuss whether it is possible to install air heating yourself:

Instead of heating the air in winter, in summer the air in such a system can be cooled by installing an air conditioner evaporator or a water cooler in the duct next to the air heater. The evaporator can be used to heat the air if the external unit of the air conditioner has a heat pump function.

If necessary, you can add a humidifier, air sterilizer, or additional HEPA filter to the channel.

Manufacturer of air heating systems - ATM Climate company Source smu-37.ru

pros:

• High levels of comfort due to a combination of heating, ventilation and air filtration in the basic version.
• Energy savings of up to 30% compared to other types of heating due to controlled ventilation.
• High reliability, long service life and no threat of system defrosting.
• Possibility of adjusting temperature conditions using a thermostat according to the program and via the Internet.
• Opportunity to work in air conditioner and heat pump mode.
• All types of air treatment in the house at “one point” (humidification, sterilization, additional filtration).
• Ease of maintenance (replacement of filters and other replaceable system elements).

Minuses:

• Air ducts occupy some part of the internal volume of the house.
• Air ducts must be integrated into the structure and interior of the house at the design stage.

Steam heating

Heating installations with steam systems still remain in demand. The system works normally with various types of fuel - wood, gas, coal, electricity. When installing it, priority is given to combined heating methods (gas + electricity, solid fuel). The correct choice of fuel combination will significantly reduce the cost of heating a home.

Installation diagram of an autonomous steam heating system Source kevuza.recalobip.ru.net

Operating principle

In a steam boiler, the liquid is heated to the boiling point, and the resulting steam enters radiators or pipes. Gradually cooling, it condenses and flows back into the boiler. Operational reliability directly depends on the model of the steam boiler. It must be selected taking into account the area and engineering features of the building.

Pros of the system:

environmental purity;

fast heating houses regardless of their area;

cyclicality;

good heat transfer;

low probability b freezing of the system.

In general, the steam heating scheme does not differ from conventional water heating Source promogaz.ru

Minuses:

heat inside the coolant negatively affects the operational capabilities of the system;

availability required permitting documentation for commissioning;

there is no way to support a certain temperature regime inside the building;

noise when filling with steam;

need for constant monitoring due to the explosion hazard of steam boilers;

big price equipment;

complexity installation

Gas heating

If in the area where a private house is located there is no main line with gas, a system with liquefied gas heating is assembled. For this purpose, a gas holder is installed on a personal plot - a sealed container, which is periodically filled with propane butane.

A gas holder is essentially a large gas cylinder that is buried next to the house Source shumcity.ru

pros:

ecologically pure heat source;

increase service life equipment;

full autonomy.

Minuses:

labor intensity installation;

inconvenience refueling;

problems with receiving permitting documents;

high cost installations;

constant control from service departments;

if there is no connection to the gas main, then it is necessary availability of special installations for fuel storage.

design of country houses and turnkey heating and insulation systems for houses. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Heating with electric installations

Rising energy prices have significantly affected the popularity of installing heating systems using electricity. This approach is economically justified only in the absence of other alternative options. Electric fireplaces, convectors, infrared heaters, and heated floors act as coolants in electrical systems.

Source promogaz.ru

Source ua.all.biz

Advantages of heating with energy carriers:

relatively small cost of equipment for installation;

it is possible to use electric boilers to obtain hot water supply;

environmental friendliness;

possibility of automation to maintain optimal temperature conditions in the building;

not necessary in expensive maintenance;

possibility of rearrangement heating device from one room to another.

Minuses:

high power consumption (up to 24 kW/hour) and considerable cost of electronic media;

need to install additional multiphase distributors;

if possible power outages the entire circuit fails.

Geothermal installation to create a heating circuit

Choose to heat a private home, using the earth's energy resources for this purpose - to obtain an environmentally friendly and economical source of heat for heating a private home. 98% of the sun's energy is accumulated in the soil layers, which is the basis for fuel production. Regardless of the time of year and temperature on the surface, heat is retained in the deep layers of the soil.

Scheme of arrangement of a geothermal heating system Source promogaz.ru

A geothermal installation consists of external and internal circuits. The external circuit (heat exchanger) is located below ground level. The internal circuit is a conventional system located in the house and assembled from pipes and heating radiators. The coolant is water or other liquid containing antifreeze.

pros:

possibility of setting up and starting up the system in different climatic conditions;

environmental safety;

permanent obtaining the required amount of thermal energy;

small expenses for operation.

Video description

Minuses:

high cost purchasing the necessary equipment;

payback installation is possible only after 7-8 years;

labor intensity installation;

need for construction collector.

Heating with solar panels

An alternative and environmentally friendly way to obtain heat is to install heating using solar collectors. In regions with low solar activity, this method is used as a backup or additional option.

For the greatest efficiency of the system, it is necessary to correctly position the batteries on the roof Source finetodesign.com

pros:

big service life;

fast payback;

availability installation equipment;

the best option for heat generation from electric heaters and when installing heated floors;

environmental safety;

simplicity in operation;

no costs for the purchase of fuel.

Video description

Minuses:

need for constant sunlight;

necessity in complex calculations for correct installation of photocells;

roof installation at a 30 degree angle;

preferably have a spare source of heat available.

Stove heating

The use of fireplaces and stoves is advisable only as a source of additional or temporary heat energy when installing heating systems in individual construction. Mainly used for heating country houses. In private houses with a large area, with permanent residence of people, they have no efficiency, since they are not able to ensure uniformity in the supply of heat throughout all rooms. Or you will have to additionally install a water heating system, and use the stove itself as a beautiful wood-burning boiler

The stove is more suitable for a small house Source chrome-effect.ru

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer turnkey installation of stoves and fireplaces. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Conclusion

In order to decide on the optimal option for arranging autonomous heating systems and finally figure out which heating system to choose for a private home, it is advisable, first of all, to analyze which type of fuel is most available in a given area. The decision in favor of installing a suitable heating system depends on this.