From the analysis of Fet's lyrics: “The night shone. They lay...

One of the best works, which were created by the great master of lyrics Afanasy Fet, - “The night shone, the garden was full of moon”. This poem was written already at the end of the poet's life and was dedicated to the happiest period in his life.

One of the refined lyric poets of the 19th century is Fet. "The night shone" - a poem that refers to a late stage creative way this author. It should be said that, despite the large number of touching and sad works that the great Russian romantic created, he was a rather businesslike and tenacious person in life. Poetic creativity for Fet was a saving means to escape from the hustle and bustle of life. But whose image is present in the work "The Night Shone"? Fet verse, according to critics and biographers, dedicated to the early deceased Maria Lazich.

Maria Lazic

She was the daughter of a small landowner. He is an officer, not devoid of romance. Perhaps fate brought them together at the wrong time. This acquaintance would have happened a little later, the girl's life would not have ended tragically. And in Russian culture there would be no great lyricist. For the rest of his life, the lieutenant remembered the last meeting with Maria, when they were in the spacious living room, she played the piano, and the night shone outside the window. Fet wrote this verse many years after the memorable evening.

The young officer fell in love with the girl at first sight, but was not going to marry. Financial difficulties and the desire to return title of nobility turned out to be stronger than love. Some critics believe that most works, the poet later dedicated it to Maria Lazich. The pinnacle of his lyrics is "The night shone". Fet, the analysis of whose work became the topic a large number literary articles, all his life he reproached himself for the weakness that he showed in his youth. Repentance formed the basis of the poem.

"Beams at our feet..."

In the first quatrain, Fet speaks of the last evening with Mary. “The night shone…” - in these lines he is transferred to the atmosphere of the mansion. Maria Lazic was a musically gifted girl. Personally, Fet himself wrote music for her, repeatedly asking her to play something from the works of this composer.

At the first meeting, Maria told Fet that her heart was given to another. But in reality, she had long been in love with the poet and his poems. In one of the letters, Fet told his friend that he had met a girl who was perhaps the only one with whom he could live happily all his life.

"To love you and cry over you"

Quiet romantic evenings there were many. The house of Mary's father was distinguished by hospitality. It was not uncommon to meet young officers here. But Fet and Lazich behaved somehow apart, quite rarely participating in the general fun. He never told her about his feelings. Fet expressed his love only in verse. “The night shone” is a poem in the second stanza of which the author mentally confesses his love to his interlocutor. In these lines, he conveys the desire not to stop that happy moment: "to live without dropping sounds."

The languid years

Mary was a dowry. To marry her meant dooming yourself and your future family to eternal poverty. Bury your future, vegetate in the backwoods and have a wife withered ahead of schedule from poverty. In addition, their regiment was supposed to go into martial law and act towards the Austrian border. This is what Fet told Maria Lazic on the last evening. But the girl reacted with restraint to the officer's explanations. Maria stated that she did not intend to encroach on the freedom of the poet, but only dreamed of listening to him, talking with him.

When the situation escalated to such an extent that there was a threat to tarnish the girl's reputation, Fet stopped all communication with her.

The life of the poet's beloved ended tragically. Her father did not allow smoking in the house, but she still did not deny herself this pleasure. Once, while reading a book, Maria lit a cigarette and took a nap. When I woke up, the flames engulfed a significant part of the dress. Frightened, the girl only aggravated the situation: she began to run around the mansion and ran out to the balcony. Flames from the rush of air engulfed her entire body.

Maria Lazich died from severe burns and, according to witnesses, before her death she asked to keep Fet's letters. The poet never visited her grave. Until the end of his life, he considered himself guilty of her death.

“That you are alone - all your life, that you are love”

In the last lines, the author conveys regret about the past life. He managed to regain the title of nobility. He married well and lived a prosperous life. But he could not forget about Maria Lazich. After more than a quarter of a century, he again fancied the enchanting sounds of the piano and the singing of his beloved. The work uses a repetition: "Love you, hug and cry in front of you." This phrase occurs twice in the poem. With the help of this artistic technique, the author enhances the emotional effect.

Fet's poem "The Night Shone" is a masterpiece of Russian lyrics, once again confirming that a poet cannot become a true master of words without knowing true love and without experiencing a sense of loss.

Poem
"The night shone. The garden was full of moon" -
one of the lyrical masterpieces
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet, -
was written on August 2, 1877.

It was inspired by singing
Tatyana Andreevna Kuzminskaya -
(sisters of Sofia Andreevna Tolstoy).

This singing stirred up a memory in the poet
about his tragic affair with Maria Lazic.

She is the daughter of a small landowner, Russified
Serb.
He is a romantic who entered the military
service to regain the family name and nobility.
She was 24 when they met
He is 28 years old.
In March 1849, Fet wrote to a childhood friend,
that I met a creature that loves and
deeply respects, "the ideal of the possible for
me happiness and reconciliation with the vile
reality.
But she has nothing, and I have nothing ... ".

The love of a dowry and an officer without
condition could only exacerbate the situation
two poor people.
It would mean for him to bury forever
the future in a miserable garrison vegetation
with a bunch of kids and prematurely withered
wife.
And Fet's love receded before the prosaic
calculation.

He would later write an autobiographical poem
"The Dream of Lieutenant Losev", in which their novel
with Lazic depicted with a realistic
concreteness.
A comical question at first:
"To take or not to take the devil's gold coins?" -
turns out to be the most important when choosing
further life path.
How Lieutenant Losev did in the poem remains
unknown.
But we know what Lieutenant Fet did.

In his memoirs he writes:
"In order to burn the ships of our mutual
hopes, I plucked up the courage and expressed
loud your thoughts about
to what extent did he consider marriage impossible for himself
and selfish."
She answered:
“I love talking to you without any
infringement on your freedom.
Maria understood everything and did not condemn Fet.
She loved him the way he was, loved
unselfishly, recklessly and selflessly.
Love was everything to her while
he prudently and stubbornly went to his goal:
getting nobility
achievement material well-being...

In order not to compromise the girl, Fet
I had to part with her.
“I will not marry Lazic,” he writes to a friend.
“And she knows it, but meanwhile she begs
not interrupt our relationship.
She is purer than snow in front of me ...
This unfortunate Gordian knot of love,
or whatever you want to call it, which is more
I unravel, the tighter I tighten,
but I don’t have the spirit and strength to cut it with a sword.”
Ruined life.

Soon the regiment was transferred to another place.
Fet is leaving for maneuvers, and in the fall
regimental adjutant Fet to his question about
Mary heard from a friend astonished:
"How! You don't know anything?!"
The interlocutor, the poet writes, looked at him
wild look.
And, after a pause, seeing his bewilderment,
added:
“But she doesn’t exist! She died!
And, my God, how terrible!”
More terrible death and really imagine
difficult: the young woman burned out.
Alive...

It happened like this.
Father, old general Lazich, did not allow
daughters to smoke, and Mary did it furtively,
staying alone.
“So, for the last time she lay down in white
muslin dress and, lighting a cigarette,
gave up, concentrating on the book,
on the floor a match that she thought was extinguished.
But the match, which continued to burn, lit
the dress that fell to the floor, and the girl
only then did I notice that it was burning when all
the right side was on fire.
Confused, she rushed through the rooms
to balcony door, and burning pieces
dresses, torn off, fell on the parquet.
Thinking to find relief on clean air,
Maria ran out onto the balcony, but the wind
further fanned the flame, which
rose above the head ... "

Fet listened without interrupting, without blood in
face.
Forty years later, word for word
will reproduce this scary story,
completing them, in fact, their memoirs.

But there is another version of what happened.
Soon after the fatal explanation with Fet,
Mary, wearing a white dress - his favorite -
lit a hundred candles in the room.
The room was ablaze with light, like an Easter
temple.
Crossing herself, the girl dropped the burning
match on the dress.
She was ready to become a mistress
roommate, dishwasher - anyone! -
just not to part with Fet.
But he emphatically declared that he would never
does not marry a dowry.
As the poet admitted, he "did not take into account
female nature».
"They think it was suicide"
wrote our contemporary, the poet E. Vinokurov.

Was it suicide?
If yes, then she killed herself so that
do not complicate the life of a loved one, nothing
not burden his conscience - so that the kindled
the match might have seemed accidental.
Burning, Mary screamed:
"In the name of heaven, take care of the letters!"
And died with the words:
"He's not to blame, I'm to blame."
The letters she begged to keep -
these are Fetov's letters, the most expensive,
what she had...
The letters have not survived.
Fet's poems have been preserved, which are better
all sorts of letters immortalized their love.

Painfully inviting and in vain
Your pure beam burned before me,
Silent delight he awakened autocratically,
But he did not overcome the twilight all around.
Let them curse, worrying and arguing,
Let them say: this is the delirium of the sick soul,
But I'm walking on the shaky foam of the sea
With a brave, unsinking foot.
I will carry your light through earthly life,
He is mine - and with him a double being
You gave, and I - I triumph
Although for a moment immortality is yours.

What he lost - Fet realized much later.
Then he only paid tribute to sorrow,
he was to serve in the guards,
other worries, goals...
But the time will come - and the woeful shadow is imperiously
take everything that was denied alive
Maria Lazic.

Forty years after these events, the patient,
panting old man thinks about
what did it cost a 20-year-old girl that calm
parting:

For a long time I dreamed of the cries of your sobs, -
It was the voice of resentment, impotence crying;
For a long, long time I dreamed of that joyful moment,
As I begged you - the unfortunate executioner.

In the middle of the night they raise him concealed by her
then tears - cries of sobs stand with him
in the ears.
Again and again the vision flashes:
a flaming figure runs, lights up with a torch
and melts the lines to be
enter tutorials:

I don't want to believe! When in the steppe, like a miracle,
In the midnight darkness, burning untimely,
Away in front of you is transparent and beautiful
The dawn suddenly rose.

And this beauty involuntarily attracted the eye,
In that majestic brilliance beyond the dark whole limit -
Surely nothing whispered to you at that time:
There's a man on fire!

And genius:

It’s not a pity for life with a weary breath,
What is life and death? What a pity for that fire
That shone over the whole universe,
And goes into the night, and cries, leaving.

So burned down the love that once
in the Kherson wilderness, burned life
practical army officer.
Maria Lazich is dedicated to the most poignant
lines of the famous "Evening Lights",
this swan song by A. Fet.

And I dream that you got up from the coffin,
The same as you flew off the ground.
And dream, dream: we are both young,
And you looked as you looked before.

Fet, as we know, knew how to return what was taken away
fate: he regained his family name,
condition, returned and lost letters.
For what, if not letters to a girl from Kherson
these steppes written in declining years
poetry messages?

The sun's beam between the limes was both burning and high,
In front of the bench you drew shining sand,
I completely surrendered to golden dreams, -

I guessed for a long time that we are kindred in the heart,
That you gave your happiness for me,
I was torn, I kept repeating about not our fault, -
You didn't answer me at all.

I prayed, repeated that we can not love,
That the past days we must forget
That in the future all the rights of beauty bloom, -
You didn't answer me either.

All my life, until the end of my days Fet
could not forget her.
The image of Maria Lazich in a gullible halo
love and tragic fate until the very
death inspired him.
Life drama from inside like underground
key, nourished his lyrics, gave him
verses that pressure, sharpness and drama,
which others lacked.
His poems are monologues to the deceased
beloved, passionate, sobbing,
filled with remorse and soul
confusion.

You gave me your hand, asked: “Are you coming?”
Just in the eyes I noticed two drops of tears;
Those sparks in your eyes and cold shivers
I endured forever in sleepless nights.

But back to the poem
"The night shone..."

The night shone. The garden was full of moonlight. lay
Beams at our feet in a living room with no lights.
The piano was all open, and the strings in it
were trembling
Like our hearts for your song.

You sang until dawn, exhausted in tears,
That you are alone - love, that there is no other love,
And so I wanted to live, so that, without dropping a sound,
Love you, hug and cry over you.

And many years have passed, languid and boring,
And in the silence of the night I hear your voice again,
And blows, as then, in these sonorous sighs,
That you are alone - all life, that you are alone -
love.

That there are no insults of fate and hearts of burning flour,
And life has no end, and there is no other goal,
As soon as you believe in sobbing sounds,
Love you, hug and cry over you!

Fet's poem "The night shone"
inspired many composers.
One of the best romances written
Nikolay Shiryaev.

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet is the most beautiful lyricist, perhaps one of the last romantics in the galaxy of Russian writers of the "golden age", a man of amazing tragic fate.

The life of the poet can hardly be called happy: he suffered litigation, marriage to an unloved woman and sincere, pure, beautiful love - unfortunately, Afanasy Afanasyevich could not accept it, and therefore, until the end of his days, he reproached himself, tormented - and poured out his soul on paper, about love "wrote sobbing." Each of his love poems is a bare string, a heart turned inside out before the reader, passionate, passionate, guilty ... For this ardor and honesty in last years life he will receive a whole tub of slander, hatred and contempt from critics. However, in the souls of contemporaries and descendants, he will still remain an incredibly sensual person who gave the world a touching love story.

One of the most sincere and exciting poems by A.A. Feta becomes “The night shone. The garden was full of moonlight. They lay down…”. This is a later work of the poet, which is often erroneously interpreted, assuming that it is dedicated to Tatyana Kuzminskaya, who became the prototype of Natasha Rostova in the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". Despite the fact that literary scholars have reason to believe so, there are too many inaccuracies in this version that are completely absent in a different, less well-known version of the history of the creation of the poem, according to which its addressee is Maria Lazich - the poet's only love.

Few people know that absolutely all love lyrics the poet is dedicated to this particular girl, who desperately loved Afanasy Afanasyevich and was even ready to be his cohabitant, mistress - just not to part with him.

Alas, the poet was not satisfied with marrying a dowry. He could not give up material well-being for the best feeling in his life. When Lazich tragically dies, Fet will realize that he missed his happiness. Despite the fact that there is still debate about whether her death was an accident or suicide, the poet unequivocally decided: it was he who was to blame for the tragedy of Mary. He will not forgive himself for this. That is why so often in his poems there is a motif of fire and tears - symbols of his eternal guilt.

Thematically, the poem "The night shone ..." is deeply intimate, love. It reflected all the experiences of the poet. However, despite the tragic history of its creation, its mood is still major, inspiring. In the last lines, permeated with light sadness, somehow between the lines one can read, no, there is a hope for reunion with her beloved; her bright image accompanies the lyrical hero all his life, becoming like his guardian angel. No wonder the poem creates a sensual, unearthly, divine image of a beautiful girl who once played the hero on the piano... The work is dominated by the idea of ​​the immortality of love and the human soul, so that the lyrical hero hopes to meet his beloved outside the earthly world.

According to the plot, "The night was shining ..." is close to Pushkin's "I remember a wonderful moment ...": it also manifests the motive of love-memories, reviving all the best feelings in the soul of the hero. The poem begins with an exposition, which is a landscape sketch, and continues with a picture of a nightly date, during which lovers enjoy each other. The heroine plays the piano, as if pouring out her soul, and her lover at that very second feels his affection for the girl especially keenly, realizes the depth of his feelings for her.

Many years pass, and now the image of the beloved is reborn in the soul of the hero, he thanks her for tenderness, for sensuality, and regrets that his dreams remain only dreams ...

The ring composition gives special touchingness and semantic depth to the poem. The lines “Love you, hug and cry over you” frame the characters' love story, organically weaving the motive of their separation into the plot.

The poem is written in quatrains, iambic six-footed with alternating male and female rhymes, with cross-rhyming. Despite the apparent simplicity, the lyricism of the work is achieved hard work with means of artistic expression. Among the tropes, the most significant personifications are observed in almost every stanza (except the last): rays lay at the feet, the piano strings trembled, the night shone; and epithets (languid years, sonorous sighs, sobbing sounds). The second and fourth stanzas are compositionally parallel to each other, which helps to strengthen the poetic picture, to increase that pleasantly painful feeling of bitterness of lost love a hundredfold.

Stylistic figures are presented no less diverse. So, it is characterized by anaphora (third stanza), gradation (love, hug, cry), inversion.

But the main attraction of the work is provided by the use of alliteration and assonance. It is these techniques of poetic phonetics that create a unique melody, melodiousness of lines.

In the first two lines, the sounds "l" and "o" are repeated, creating a feeling of silence, tenderness, softness. The second half of the first quatrain is distinguished by an abundance of the “r” sound, which helps to convey the excitement, the uneven heartbeat of two excited lovers.

This impeccable elegy is difficult to attribute to any literary movement, however, many literary critics are inclined to think that this is a romantic work.

The amazing property of the Fet poet is that he is able to abstract himself from external fuss. Despite life's troubles, he finds rapture in memories and poems. Despite the fact that the words “cry”, “tears” are repeatedly repeated in “The Night Was Shining ...”, it reflects only positive, wonderful feelings of the poet. One gets the feeling that he does not want to return to reality - only to live beautiful dreams that protect him from the problems and difficulties of the real world.

The poem "The night shone. The garden was full of moonlight. They lay ... ”- one of the lyrical masterpieces of A. A. Fet. Created on August 2, 1877, it was inspired by the singing of T. A. Kuzminskaya (Sofya Andreevna Tolstoy's sister), who described this episode in her memoirs. The work opens a whole cycle of poems in the collection "Evening Lights", which Fet called "Melodies". Of course, this is no coincidence. The poem is really written in a romance-song vein, unusually musical. The poet believed that beauty - the main idea of ​​the lyrics - is expressed not in lines, not in refined words, but, above all, “sounds subtly”. So, one of the most important characteristics of poetry should be melodiousness.
The musicality of this work is achieved through repetitions on different levels poetic text. So, in the lyrical syntax there are anaphoras (And ... And ..., What ... What ...) parallel constructions within the stanza ("That you are one - all life, that you are one - love; But life has no end, and there is no other goal" .... ). Fet compares words that are close in sound composition - “sonorous sighs” - which give the poem additional semantic and emotional “overtones”. It uses phonetic techniques of assonance (repeating the sounds [a], [o]), alliteration (repeating the sound [p] in the line “The piano was all open and the strings in it were trembling”).
The composition of the poem also contributes to its melodiousness. In this lyrical monologue, the author uses the ring technique. In the line “Love you, hug and cry over you”, which frames the work, Fet expresses the main feelings of the hero: delight and admiration for the power of vocal art.
Of course, the musicality of the poem is dictated by its theme. After all, this work is not only about love and nature, it is primarily about wonderful singing, about a voice that gives rise to many vivid experiences:
The night shone. The garden was full of moonlight. lay
Beams at our feet in a living room with no lights.
The piano was all open, and the strings in it were trembling,
Like our hearts for your song.

You sang until dawn, exhausted in tears,
That you are alone - love, that there is no other love,
And so I wanted to live, so that, without dropping a sound,
Love you, hug and cry over you.
Fet does not depict a specific landscape or interior, but everything merges with him in perfect harmony. The poet creates a holistic dynamic picture, in which visual, auditory, tactile, and sensual impressions immediately appear. Generalization and combination of images of nature, love, music help the poet to express the fullness of the joy of perceiving life.
The poem is autobiographical. His lyrical hero is Fet himself.
This work tells about how the poet experiences two meetings with his beloved, between which there is a long separation. But Fet does not draw a portrait of his beloved woman with a single stroke, does not trace all the changes in their relationship and his condition. He captures only that quivering feeling that covers him under the impression of her singing:
And many years have passed, languid and boring,
And in the silence of the night I hear your voice again,
And blows, as then, in these sonorous sighs,
That you are alone - all life, that you are alone - love.
The feeling itself is also difficult to describe in words. The lyrical hero conveys the uniqueness, depth and complexity of his experiences with the help of "global" metaphors in the last line.
This poem once again convinces us that only art can truly ennoble a person, purify the soul, liberate and enrich it. Enjoying a wonderful work, whether it be music, painting, poetry, we forget about all our problems and failures, we are distracted from everyday hustle and bustle. The whole human soul opens up to beauty, dissolves in it, and thus gains the strength to live on: to believe, hope, love. Fet writes about this in the last stanza. The singer's magical voice frees the lyrical hero from "the insults of fate and the burning torment of the heart", presenting new horizons:
And life has no end, and there is no other goal,
As soon as you believe in sobbing sounds,
Love you, hug and cry over you!
Speaking about the lyrical character of the poem, the author unwittingly touched upon the theme of the creator, his mission. The singer's voice, which awakened a whole range of feelings in the hero, sounds so delightful, because the heroine gives herself passionately to her occupation and is herself fascinated by the magic of music. At the time of the song, it must seem to her that there is nothing more important in the world than these beautiful sounds, than the feelings invested in the work. To forget about everything except creativity - this is the share of a true creator: a poet, an artist, a musician. This is also mentioned in the work.
The poem "The night shone. The garden was full of moonlight. They lay…” strikes with a variety of themes, depth and brightness of images, extraordinary melody, as well as its idea, which, in my opinion, lies in the author’s amazing desire to convey the beauty of art and the world in an inclusive way.

This poem refers to the late work of A.A. Fet, since it was written at the end of the summer of 1877. There is one beautiful story that formed the basis of the work. At the musical evening, the poet heard songs performed by Tatyana Bers. And this was the beginning of his enthusiastic attitude towards the young girl. Tatyana became not just a muse for the poet, she aroused strong feelings in his heart, which he boldly told about in a poem.

This work can be attributed to love romantic lyrics. In the life of the poet there was a place for real sincere feelings. Memories of them haunted him all his life. And often Fet enthusiastically spoke about them in his works. Here, as in this poem, it tells about the meeting of the hero with the girl who conquered him with her singing. Years passed, and these two people met again. Have they carried these feelings unchanged through time? Again, the sounds of music envelop with their beauty and attractive power. Again the moon, looking into the garden, gives people the magic of feelings.

The author makes himself the protagonist of the elegy, telling his story in the first person. The poem is more like a monologue in which the poet recalls his meeting with a girl to the sound of music. The event unfolds in the garden, and the moonlight is the only witness to the nascent feeling, intensifying the desire of the lovers to confess it. But this does not happen, then fate gives another chance and a new date, which happened after many years. Has the hero's lover changed? Nothing is said about this. The main thing that matters is that the feelings remain the same.

These two encounters divide the poem into two parts. The first two stanzas are devoted to acquaintance, the next - to the continuation of the story. And everywhere there is a landscape sketch in the background. And the author gives fabulousness to everything that happens with the help of stylistic figure, an oxymoron. Describing the first date, the poet uses inversion, alliteration, repeating the sound “l”, conveys the softness and lightness of the moonlight.

The third and fourth stanzas are filled with the symmetry of the reader's perception of the beloved, her singing, moonlight, as if love and the meaning of life are contained in all of this. Here, too, there is an alliteration of the sound "sh". The lexemes familiar to the author create the main motive of the work. Six-foot iambic with cross-rhyming, where male and female rhymes alternate, give melody, as if it were a romance.