Saudi Arabia: population, square, economy, capital.

A huge city in the midst of the desert. According to the population census, in 2013, more than 5.5 million people lived in the city. This is a city of irrelevant wealth, luxurious skyscrapers and the scooping sun. But it was not always.

Monuments and museums

The capital of Saudi Arabia boasts a large number of museums and architectural monuments. You can talk about hours, but it is best to talk about the most interesting and deserving attention in a nutshell.

Historic center named after King Abdel Aziz. This construction is a real pearl of the old quarter. The entire exposition of the museum tells about the history of the state, from the foundation to the present day. Here contains a lot of documentary materials, art objects, photos, videos and more. Naturally, a particular attention is paid to the founder of the country - King Abdel Aziz.

The museum is another interesting museum who is very often visited by tourists. An extensive exposition tells visitors about different periods of history, starting in the stone age, and ending with the early Laman period. Much attention is paid ethnography. In one of the halls there is a large layout of Fort Mason.

Historical information

About four thousand years ago, only a small settlement of nomads was located on the site of the city. An inconspicuous village was located here and in the period from the sixth to the seventh century. Only in the 13th century, the market was equipped in Er-Riyadh, which very quickly smasched, attracting new inhabitants here. In 1821, the Saddi managed to establish a state, the capital of which was the Er-Riyad. This state was located on the territory of modern Saudi Arabia.

The real flourishing fell on the second half of the twentieth century. The fact is that in the depths of the state contains huge oil deposits. If in the 60s in the capital, about 200 thousand people lived, then in the 80s this amount increased to a million. To date, the whole capital is divided into 15 districts. There is a terrestrial metro, skyscrapers are massively built, and various interesting projects are being implemented. In the city it is impossible to find a building that has less than eight floors. According to the plans of developers, by 2017 another metro branch will be built, one of the stations of which will be made of pure gold.

Saudi Arabia, the map of which is presented below, is a country in the southwestern part of Asia, which occupies about 80% of the area. The origin of its name is associated with the royal family of Saud, which founded the state and continues to be in it under the authorities until today.

general description

Square Saudi Arabia is 2.15 million square kilometers. The state is bordered by Kuwait, Iraq, Jordan, UAE, Qatar, Yemen and Oman. In addition, it is washed by the waters of the Persian Gulf, the Red Sea and the bay of Aqaba. His capital is Er-Riyad, in which more than five million people live. Other major cities of Saudi Arabia are Jeddah, Mecca and Medina. The population population exceeds one million people.

Political device

In March 1992, first documents were adopted, regulating the political structure of the state and the basic principles of its management. Based on them, the country of Saudi Arabia is a theocratic absolute monarchy. The basis of its Constitution lies Quran. The Saudites dynasty is under power, since 1932. The king has a full legislative, executive and judiciary. Its powers are only theoretically limited to local traditions and the norms of Sharia. The government has been operating in this form since 1953. It is headed by the king, which determines the main directions of its activities. There are in the country and the Council of Ministers, which is entrusted with not only performing, but also legislative functions. All decisions made by this authority are approved by the Decree of the King Country of Saudi Arabia. The population of the state is obliged to perform them. In the administrative terms, the country is divided into thirteen provinces.

Economy

The local economy is based on private free entrepreneurship. At the same time, it is impossible not to note the fact that control over the key is carried out by the government. The state boasts the largest oil reserves on the planet. It accounts for about 75% of its income. In addition, Saudi Arabia is the world leader in the export of black gold and plays one of the leading roles in OPEC. There are also reserves of zinc, chromium, lead, copper and

Population

The first census of local residents was held in 1974. Since that time to this day, the population of Saudi Arabia has grown almost three times. Now almost 30 million people live in the country. The overwhelming majority of local residents are Arabs, a significant part of which kept the tribal organization. Now in the country there are more than 100 tribal associations and tribes. It is impossible not to note the fact that approximately one fifth of the population falls on foreign workers. Based on the official UN statistics, as of 1970, the level of child mortality in the country was 204 infants per thousand newborns. Now in this indicator there was a significant positive shift. In particular, thanks to improving the standard of living and medical care in a state from a thousand newborns, only 19 children die.

Language

Arabic is official in such a country as Saudi Arabia. The population in everyday life uses a predominantly Arabian dialect, which comes from El Fusgh. Inside it allocates several gatherings close to each other. At the same time, urban residents and descendants of nomads talk in different ways. Literary and colloquial languages \u200b\u200bhave minor differences among themselves. In a religious context, a classic Arabic dialect is mainly used. Common languages \u200b\u200bamong the immigrants from other countries are English, Indonesian, Urdu, Tagalog, Farsi and others.

Religion

The center of the Islamic world is precisely Saudi Arabia. The population of the country practically fully confesses this religion. According to various estimates, up to 93% of local residents are Sunnites. The remaining part of the representatives of Islam is predominantly on Shiites. As for other religions, approximately 3% of the country's inhabitants are Christians, and 0.4% are other confessions.

Education

Higher education in the country, though free, but not mandatory. Not bad work and comfortable life in Saudi Arabia is possible without it. Whatever it was, a number of programs are operating here, the main purpose of which has decreased the level of illiteracy of local residents. Currently, there are 7 universities and 16 higher educational institutions in the country. All of them are managed by the Ministry of Higher Education. Approximately 30 thousand students annually study abroad. In the past few decades, the Government has significantly increased education costs. At the same time, the state requires a general reform in this area, which should form a new balance between modern and traditional learning methods.

Medicine

One of the most advanced countries in the world in the level of medicine is Saudi Arabia. The population of the state has the right to free services related to it. This applies to both residents of megacities and representatives of the Bedouin tribes that go to the wilderness. Every year about 8% of the local budget stands out for health care, which is simply a gigantic amount. Mandatory immunization of newborns is fixed at the legislative level. The epidemiological control system, which was established in 1986, allowed to completely defeat and eliminate such terrible diseases as the plague and cholera.

Demographic problems

According to studies of scientists, if the current number of residents in the country persists (over the past 30 years, they constitute about 4% of residents per year), by 2050 the population of Saudi Arabia will reach the mark of 45 million. In other words, very soon the leadership of the country will have to solve the problem associated not only with the provision of jobs to citizens, but also with the provision of decent old age for working Saudis. This task is not so simple even for a state with so impressive oil reserves. The emergence of this kind of problems is due primarily to positive shifts in the spheres of food and medical care, as well as with improved living conditions in the country.

"Country of two mosques" (Mecca and Medina) - so differently called Saudi Arabia. The form of the board of this state is an absolute monarchy. Geographical reference, brief history and information about the political structure of Saudi Arabia will help to draw up a general understanding about this country.

General

Saudi Arabia is the largest state at the Arabian Peninsula. In the north she borders with Iraq, Kuwait and Jordan, in the east - with the UAE and Qatar, in the south-east - with Oman, and in the south - with Yemen. She owns more than 80 percent of the territory of the peninsula, as well as several islands in the Persian Gulf and Red Sea.

More than half of the territory of the country is occupied by the desert rubles of Rub-El Hali. In addition, in the north is part of the Syrian desert, and the An-Nafood is located in the south - another big desert. The plateau in the center of the country crosses several rivers, as a rule, drying in a hot period.

Saudi Arabia is extremely rich in oil. The profit from the sale of "Black Gold" The government is partly investing in the development of the country, partly invests in industrialized states and uses to provide loans to other Arabic powers.

The form of the Board of Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy. Islam is recognized as a state religion. Arabic is official.

The name of the country gave the ruling dynasty in it - Saddi. It is the city of Er-Riyadh. The population of the country is 22.7 million people, mostly Arabs.

Early history of Arabia

In the first millennium, the Ministry of Ear of the Red Sea was located on the banks of the Red Sea. On the east coast, Dilmun was located, who was considered a political and cultural federation in the region.

In 570, an event occurred that determined the further fate of the Arabian Peninsula - Mohammed, the future prophet appeared in Mecca. His teaching literally turned the story of these lands, subsequently influenced the features of the form of the Board of Saudi Arabia and the culture of the country.

The followers of the prophet, known as caliphs (califs), won almost all the territories of the Middle East, carrying Islam. However, with the advent of the Caliphate, the capital of which was first Damascus, later - Baghdad, the importance of the prophet's birthplace gradually lost importance. At the end of the XIII century, the territory of Saudi Arabia was almost entirely under the rule of Egypt, and after two and a half century, these lands moved to the Ottoman port.

The emergence of Saudi Arabia

In the middle of the XVII century, the state of the NAZH appeared, which was able to achieve from the independence port. In the middle of the XIX century, Her Riyad became the capital. But the civil war, broke out in a few years, led to the fact that the neighboring powers were divided into the weakened country.

In 1902, the son of Sheikh Oasis Dirayakh, Abdul-Aziz Ibn Saud, managed to take Er-Riyad. Four years later, under his control turned out to be almost all of the Russian Federation. In 1932, emphasizing the particular importance of the royal house in history, he officially gave the country name Saudi Arabia. The form of government's rule allowed the Sadidam to achieve on its territory.

Since the middle of the last century, this state has become the main ally and a strategic partner of the United States in the Middle Eastern region.

Saudi Arabia: Board form

The Constitution of this state was officially proclaimed by the Koran and Sunna of the Prophet Mohammed. However, Saudi Arabia, the form of government and general principles of power are determined by the main nose (law), which entered into force in 1992.

This act contains a provision that Saudi Arabia is a sovereign system of power in which - monarchical. Countries are based on Sharia.

The king of the ruling kind of sudine is also a religious leader and supreme instance in relation to all types of power. At the same time, he holds the post of the Supreme Commander of the army, has the right to produce appointments to all important civilian and military posts, declare war and in the country. It also watches the general political orientation to respond to Islam standards and controls the execution of the principles of Sharia.

Government departments

The executive power in the state is carried out by the Council of Ministers. The king is held by his chairman, it is he who is engaged in its formation and reorganization. Nizami, approved by the Council of Ministers, are commissioned by royal decrees. The ministers are headed by the relevant ministries and departments, for whose activities they are responsible to the king.

Also carried by the king, in which the advisory advice applies with advisory rights. Members of this Council express their opinion on the projects of Nizamov adopted by the ministers. The Chairman of the Advisory Council and the sixty of its members also appoint the king (for four years).

At the head of the judiciary is the highest judicial council. According to this Council, the king appoints and removes judges.

Saudi Arabia, the form of government and the state structure of which are based on the almost absolute power of the King and the reverence of Islamic religion, does not officially have neither trade unions or political parties. The ministry of a different religion, except Islam, is also prohibited here.

SAUDI ARABIA

General

Geographical position. Saudi Arabia is a state in the south-west of Asia, which occupies most of the Arabian Peninsula. In the north, it is bordered by Jordan, Iraq and Kuwait, in the east - with Qatar, in the south-east-with the United Arab Emirates and Oman, in the south - with the Republic of Yemen. In the East is washed by the Persian Bay, in the West - the Red Sea and the Bay of Aqaba. The country area is 2.24 million square meters. km. More than half of the territory of Saudi Arabia occupies a desert. Rub-El Hali, or a large sandy desert, area of \u200b\u200babout 650 thousand square meters. km, located in the south-east of the country. In the north of the country there is a part of the Syrian desert, and the desert Neft, which occupies an area of \u200b\u200babout 57 thousand square meters. km, lies further south. In the center of the country there is a plateau intersectable by several drying in the dry season with small rivers. In the south-west of the country there are small mountain chains and the highest point of the country Mount Jabal-Saud (3 133 m). Along the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf lie narrow coastal plains. Most of Saudi Arabia is in hot and arid zone. The January temperature in Er-Riyadh ranges from + 8 ° C to +2 GS, and in Jedda - from + 19 ° C to + 29 ° C. Temperature of July in Er-Riyadh - from + 26 ° C to + 42 ° C, and in Jedda - from + 26 ° C to + 37 ° C. However, in the winter in the winter there are minus temperatures and snow. The average annual precipitation rate in the country is about 70 mm.

Area. The territory of Saudi Arabia occupies, according to various estimates, from 1750 thousand to 2,200 thousand square meters. km.

Main cities, administrative division. Capital - Er-Riyadh. The largest cities: Er-Riyadh (2,576 thousand people), Mecca (1,500 thousand people), Jeddah (1,468 thousand people), Medina (500 thousand people), Hell Damma (200 thousand . people). Administrative and territorial division of the country: 17 administrative districts.

Political system

Saudi Arabia is an absolute theocratic monarchy with the Cabinet of Ministers. Head of State and Government: King Fahd Ben-Abdel Aziz Al-Saud (in power from June 13, 1982).

Relief. Most of the surface of the desert plateau, in the West Mountains up to 3 353 m high.

Geological structure and minerals. The country's depths contain rich oil and natural gas reserves, less significant-iron ore, copper, gold.

Climate. The climate is hot, dry, tropical, in the north subtropical, on the south-tropical. The average temperatures of July above 30 ° C, January 10-20 ° C. Precipitation is about 100 mm per year (in the mountains up to 400 mm).

Inland waters. There are no permanent rivers.

Soil and vegetation. The vegetation is extremely poor, and only in oases are growing dates palm trees.

Animal world. The fauna is represented by ancope, a fox, a gazelle, gien, ostrich, a panther, a wild cat, a wolf, a mountain goat. Among the birds are especially distinguished by the drought, pigeon, quail.

Population and language

The population of the country is about 20.786 million people, the average population density is about 9 people per 1 sq. M. km. Ethnic groups: Almost all residents of the country - Arabs, there are indigenous saudi among them, the ancestors of which lived in the country for several centuries (82%); Yemenians and other Arabs who arrived in the country after the 1950s during the oil boom (13%); Berbra nomads (their number is steadily reduced). Language: Arabic (state).

Religion

Almost all residents of Saudi Arabia-Muslims, the overwhelming majority of which belongs to the Sunni sect.

Brief historical essay

In the first millennium BC. e. On the Red Sea coast, the Ministry of Emergency Kingdom arose with the capital in Karna (modern Khodaid in Yemen). On the east coast was Dilmun, who was considered a political and cultural federation on the shores of the Persian Gulf. For almost 1,500 years in the territory of modern Saudi Arabia, important historical events did not occur. In 570 N. e. The Prophet Mohammed was born in Mecca, and Islam's teaching literally turned the history of Saudi Arabia. Followers of Mohammed, known as califs (caliphs), won almost the entire Middle East. With the emergence of the caliphate, the capital of which was first in Damascus, and later in Baghdad, the role of the prophet's motherland became less significant.

In 1269, almost the entire territory of modern Saudi Arabia was under the rule of Egypt. In 1517, the government went to the rulers of the Ottoman Empire. In the middle of the XVIII century. The state of the NAZD, which was independent of the Ottoman Empire, was founded. In 1824, ER Riyadh became the capital of the state. In 1865, civil war broke out in the country, and a weakened country was divided between neighboring states. In 1902, Abdul Aziz Ibn-Saud entered ER-Riyadh and by 1906 his troops controlled almost all of the Troops. In 1926, almost the whole country was under his power. In 1932, he gave the country the name of Saudi Arabia. After World War II, Saudi Arabia is the main ally of the United States in the Middle East.

Short economic essay

The basis of the economy-oil and gas industry. Oil refinery, petrochemical, metallurgical, paper, textile., Food industry; Production of building materials. Crafts. Large and secondary land tenure and small rental land use prevails. Main agricultural crops: Palm palm trees, wheat, barley. Vegetable growing, fruit growing. Nomadic animal husbandry. Fisheries; Pearl mining, corals. Export: oil, petroleum products, liquefied gas.

Monetary unit-Saudi rial.

Short essay of culture

Art and architecture. ER Riyadh. Museum of Archeology and Ethnography; Royal Palace; Jamid mosque. Alphabet. The popular resort and summer capital of the country, however, non-Muslims are forbidden to appear in the city. Medina. The mosque of the Prophet, in which the tomb of the Prophet Muhammed, the tomb of the daughter of the Prophet Fatima and Umar (the second Calif of the Muslim Empire). Mecca. Al-Ha-Ram Mosque, in the territory of which the Kaaba-small building of the cubic shape, built by the Jewish Patriarch Abraham. In the southeastern corner of Kaaba there is a black stone, this Abraham Archangel Gabriel. On the territory of the mosque there is also a sacred well to the messenger (land).

The largest state in the Arabian Peninsula, which occupies more than 80% of the territory is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In the north, this country is bordered by Jordan. The eastern neighbors of the giant country are Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar and the UAE. Yemen and Oman coexist with Saudi Arabia from the south side. This state from two sides is washed by the sea: red in the West, the Persian Bay from the northeast.

The chain of the magnificent mountain al-Hijaz stretches along the western coast of the Arabian Peninsula. Their height reaches 3000 m. Their fittings attract numerous tourists with a mild warm climate and a unique diversity of greenery. The eastern and southern part of the country are engaged in the main deserts, and inhabited by nomocarial Bedouins.

Saudi Arabia is the country of numerous Muslim mosques. It was here that one of the most numerous religions in the world was founded - Islam.

Saudi Arabia opened to visit tourists quite recently, no more than three years ago. She is glad to offer its guests a unique color of the Arabian deserts, as well as numerous shrines of the Muslim world. The ancient traditions of the East and the modern setting make this country attractive for lovers of non-traditional rest. A feature of the tourist business of the country was diving, which allows you to explore all the variety of unique underwater world of the Red Sea. Camel beauty contests have no analogues around the world. And participation in the famous falcon hunt will give you new impressions.

Climate and weather

The climate in Saudi Arabia is extremely arid and dry. Arabian Peninsula It is one of the few places where the temperature in the summer never falls below +50 ° C.

The north of the country refers to the subtropical climatic zone, and the south to tropical. Snow here can only be seen in the mountains, and that is not every year. In January, the air temperature does not exceed +20 ° C in cities and deserts, and on the coast Red Sea Air warms up to +30 ° C.

In the summer, in Saudi Arabia becomes unusually hot. In the shade, the air temperature ranges from +35 ° C and up to +45 ° C. But in the deserts due to the ability of the sand very quickly to give heat, and low temperatures can be encountered, sometimes reaching up to 0 ° C. For this area, sharp differences of day and night temperatures are a fairly common phenomenon.

Rain in Saudi Arabia falls unevenly. At the same time, in the east and in the center of the country, the rainy season lasts from February to April, and in the West - exclusively in the winter (from the end of November to the beginning of February). In winter, dense fogs are often observed in the mountains of the Arabian Peninsula.

Tourists for visiting Saudi Arabia prefer to choose periods from the first days of September and in mid-October, as well as in the late spring. The whole of May is held here not too high temperature, and the sea wind brings some moisture into sufficiently dry air.

Nature

The nature of Saudi Arabia is truly unique. On the territory of this state you can find both huge hot deserts, and high cool mountains, and wonderful warm sandy beaches.

Along the coast of the Red Sea rise beautiful and powerful mountains Hijaz. The height of individuals reaches three kilometers. In the same area there is one of the most attractive resorts of the Middle East - Asira. He attracts tourists from around the world with its rather mild pleasant climate and unique vegetation. This resort prefer to visit Ecotourism lovers.

The eastern part of the kingdom is completely covered with deserts. The largest of them is Rub-El Haliwhich occupies almost the entire south and part of the southeast of the country. It passes the invisible border of Saudi Arabia with Oman and Yemen. The total desert area in this country reaches almost 1 million km 2. Most often, such deserts inhabit the wiser Bedouin tribes.

sights

Saudi Arabia, as a strictly Muslim country, is noteworthy for tourists with their religious relics and shrines. The most attractive for visiting are the famous Arab cities, such as the capital Er Riyadh, Mecca, Medinaand Jedda.

The most visited city in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia is its capital Er-Riyad. The most popular landmark of this city is a cited by Old Er-Riyadh, which houses Museumdedicated to the King Abdel Aziz. Also widely known Royal Center, Belonging to Prince Saudi Arabia, it is the highest building in the whole kingdom. This huge complex includes a large number of residential apartments, offices, beautiful restaurants and luxurious shopping centers.

Of course, no stay in Saudi Arabia is not visited without a visit to the Muslim shrine - cities Mecca. In this area, the founder of the most numerous religion in the world of the Prophet Mohammed was born. In Mecca is known since 1570 Sacred Mosque Haram. Its area is more than 300,000 km 2. This is a majestic building of Arabic architecture fully lined with an excellent lilac marble and includes nine minarets, the height of each of them reaches almost 95 meters. The famous Haram can simultaneously hold up to 700 thousand people.

In the center of Haram there is a sanctuary Kaaba. His corners are oriented on the sides of the world. The East Kaab angle is distinguished among other presence of black stone. Some scientists believe that this is a meteorite. But Muslims adhere to another opinion that it was this stone that God the senal from Paradam after his repentance. The legend says about the white color of the stone, which after the touch of sinners he changed to black.

Mecca is known all over the world with its numerous shrines Islam. During the Hajj, this city is visited more than two million people from all over the world. People who confess other religions cannot enter this holy place.

Another major landmark of Saudi Arabia is National park Asirawhich is located near the city of Jeddah. His unique vegetation and a kind of animal world attract many ecotourists.

Food

National cuisine Saudi Arabia includes culinary traditions of all Middle East countries. The main foods of local Arabs are lamb, poultry meat, lamb, eggs and fish. The traditional garnish for these dishes is rice with raisins. The traditional dishes of Arabic cuisine include all kinds of soups (rice, pea, beans) and stewed meat, which is seasoned with bow and lentils.

No feast in Saudi Arabia does not do without a national dish " burgul" Such an original title has porridge prepared from corn or wheat cereals with the mandatory addition of sour milk. Also a popular dish, especially the southern peoples of Saudi Arabia, is a flour porridge with the addition of olive oil and pepper.

Local restaurants are pleased to provide our customers with the famous national dish. " guzi."It includes baked lamb meat, generously flavored by special spices, rice and nuts.

As in the remaining Arab countries, in Saudi Arabia, when preparing meat dishes, it is customary to use only heat treatment without adding fat. As a side dish, rice is usually served, which is traditionally fled by tomato paste and onions. Some restaurants can prevent meat with fries.

Great stake in the diet of the residents of Saudi Arabia is occupied by all sorts of fruits and vegetables. Figoes and figs are especially popular here. Great attention is paid to local residents of useful nuts.

The most favorite drink in Saudi Arabia is coffee. In this country, there is a special ceremony for the preparation and consumption of this wonderful drink. In Saudi Arabia, people are accustomed to squeeze coffee with all sorts of spices, especially cloves and cardamon, sugar in the coffee Arabs do not add at all. Arabs love various spices very much.

Special popularity in this country uses dishes made from fermented milk products.

Accommodation

The development of tourist business in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is only at the initial stage. Strict Muslim customs create certain restrictions to attract foreign tourists into this country, therefore not all of the kingdom hotels have the required number of stars. The international classification was predominantly those hotels that are part of large hotel chains. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that all hotels and hotels are pleased to offer visitors service and comfort quite a decent level, which meets all European standards.

Most of the best hotels are located in the capital of Saudi Arabia ER Riyadh. They offer their customers not only spacious and comfortable rooms, but also additional services of lovely restaurants, fitness centers, spa salons, swimming pools.

A completely special for this country became the hotel " Lyuzan", Which was built exclusively for women. Here they, despite the rules of conduct prescribed in the Muslim country, can book themselves and settle in the rooms.

The cost of renting a separate apartment in Saudi Arabia is about $ 800 per month in the capital of the state, and in other cities - no more than $ 400.

Entertainment and recreation

Most foreign tourists for inspecting local attractions choose the capital of the state Er-Riyad. Being there, it is necessary to visit the National Museum of Saudi Arabia, where a huge exposition is represented, acquainting visitors with the history and culture of this unique Muslim country. It is worth paying attention to the highest building in the country - Royal Centerwhose owner is a prince. This building is customary to associate with the oasis of the modern life of Saudi Arabia.

None of the tourists who have decided to come to this wonderful country will not leave her without having been in Mecca. "Mother of the cities" call her locals. This city is the most sacred place for all Muslims in the world and is a kind of center of the spiritual culture of the Kingdom. It is worth noting that only the adherents of the Muslim religion can visit this place, they are not allowed in Mecca. If you still managed to get into the territory of this ancient city, it is necessary to visit the famous mosque Haram., look into the main sanctuary of all Muslims - Kaab.

Nearby with the famous city of Medina is the most famous uninhabited city. Madine Salih.. This is the largest and most exciting archaeological zone of Saudi Arabia. Be sure to visit this unique place, and it will not leave you indifferent.

Saudi Arabia has one of the most beautiful coral reefs on the entire planet. Therefore, this country is simply necessary to visit all lovers diving.

The present entertainment of men here is falcon hunting. Many centuries ago, such an occupation was a kind of tool for survival. To date, this is one of the most popular sports, however, the price of such a type of recreation is completely notable. The cost of one hunting falcon reaches $ 80,000.

Another great entertainment in Saudi Arabia is great and unforgettable. cruises on yachts Along the coastal islands. Such a small journey that helps familiarize yourself with local beauties will leave indelible impressions. The yachts that are used to carry out such cruises have all the necessary: \u200b\u200band air-conditioned rooms, and separate cozy bedrooms, and spacious rooms with video systems.

Lovers of a relaxing holiday Saudi Arabia is glad to offer a great opportunity to polit local fish in deep-water places in Persian Gulf. If the captain stops a yacht in a fish outlook, then such an amazing Klev will remember to you for life.

It should be noted that nightly entertainment lovers in Saudi Arabia will not find the usual classes, since such events are prohibited by the strict laws of Sharia.

Purchases

The country's fame was brought not only to Muslim shrines, but also a huge number of diverse outlets. These include traditional Arab markets, large department stores and large shopping centers. And here you can find and expensive boutiques, and quite cheap shops.

Visiting stores is the favorite pastime of local residents, since other entertainment is prohibited by the Koran - there is not a single night bar, club or casino.

Shops usually work without a certain schedule. As a rule, working hours most outlets are from 9 to 13 hours, as well as from 17 to 20 hours. Per month Ramadan shops work from 20:00 to one in the morning. Weekend in Saudi Arabia is considered Friday. On this day, it is customary to visit traditional sermons and prayers in mosques.

As in all eastern countries, the locals are insemorable love to bargain. The usual matter for this country is the ability to shoot down the appointed price by more than 40%. You can bargain with sellers in almost all outlets other than large supermarkets.

Transport

In Saudi Arabia, there are several types of transport. Railway communication (Several hundred kilometers of roads) connects the capital of Er-Riyad with large ports in the Persian Gulf. In addition, the construction of a separate railway branch connecting Mecca and Medina began.

Public transport is mainly represented urban buses and taxis. The quality of the kingdom road leaves much to be desired. At the same time, in Er-Riyadh, the roads are among the best in the country. Road covering in large cities has a special composition, which can significantly reduce the amount of heat reflected, which is very saves the locals from the sultry heat.

All buses in this country are very cozy and comfortable. The cost of one trip around the city ranges from 1 to $ 2.

In Saudi Arabia are 208 airports, and three of them have international status. The average price of one flight in the country ranges from $ 120 and up to $ 150.

Having access to the sea, Saudi Arabia contains a large amount seaports. Some of them are quite large, for example, Jeddah, Oak, Jizan, Jubiel. They are the main binding links between Saudi Arabia and nearby countries.

Communication

In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Ministry of Mail, Telegraph and Phone provides a fairly high level of communication. The mobile communication system in this country is developed excellent. In most cities, telephone companies prefer to dismantle the old telephones due to the fact that they are almost no longer used. Almost all residents of this state, with the exception of some Bedouin tribes, are happy owners of mobile phones or radio stations.

The cellular network has a large area of \u200b\u200bcoverage: the territory is near Er-Riyadh and other major oases. Only some desert areas are not serviced by cellular companies.

The worldwide Internet network is sufficiently common in all major cities of Saudi Arabia. Most hotels, post office and business centers provide their visitors to the use of the World Wide Web.

Telephone communication in this country is provided by the latest equipment that allows you to achieve high data transfer. Using simple street machines, you can make a phone call to anywhere in the world. The cost of such a call will be slightly less than $ 2. The work of such automata is made from both coins and plastic prepaid card.

Safety

Saudi Arabia is closed for single travelers. All countries in the country should be carried out exclusively by groups and accompanied by a local tour operator, whose duties include the ubiquitous support of tourists and tracking their timely departure.

There are practically no restrictions on the country. Exceptions are ancient Muslim cities Medinaand Meccawho are closed to visit people of other religion. It is worth noting that local legislation prohibits even import items to this Muslim country that relate to other religions.

Saudi Arabia can be called a relatively safe country. Almost all travel tourists pass without criminal excesses. In large cities, including in the capital, outdoor crime is completely absent. This is due to the special mentality of the Arabs, as well as methods of combating the organization of crimes. Local authorities prefer to fight hooligans by fines.

If we talk about the features of road transport, it is worth mentioning that the movement in Saudi Arabia is one-sided, and the speed in the cities and towns are reduced to 40 km / h. Such an innovation is rather unusual for Europeans.

Business climate

Huge oil reserves in Saudi Arabia made this country by the major earfed and exporter oil products In the world (the closest rival of the kingdom in this area is the Russian Federation). Such a tremendous focus of natural fossil makes the country attractive to business. Moreover, recently, the prince of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Salman Bin Abdel Aziz introduced some innovations that simplify business management into the legislation of his country. This is especially true of the tourist industry.

With an increase in the interest of tourist-Muslims by the beauties of famous religious shrines and thanks to the policy, softening the rules of the Quran, some foreign businessmen prefer to invest their investments in the economy of this particular country, which is currently the most promising in the development of eliciosis tourism.

It is worth noting that recently Saudi Arabia is known to carry out major summits and conferences concerning the production and export of oil.

The property

Most scientists believe that in Saudi Arabia, the real estate market is practically the most stable in the world. It is not subject to the influence of the global economic crisis. Thanks to the considered strengthening of the country's economy and the good demographic situation, the indicators of the real estate market of the Kingdom are consistently growing.

This state has the largest real estate market among the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf. Due to the high level of urbanization, the major cities of the country quite quickly began to develop, which demanded the construction of new residential buildings.

Most recently, the Law was adopted in Saudi Arabia, allowing to sell real estate and land plots for the construction of foreign citizens. But there are some limitations. First, the potential buyer must constantly live in the state and acquire real estate for its own use. The sale of premises to foreign investors for doing business in the state is also permitted.

Secondly, when buying a land plot in Saudi Arabia, the value of the construction project should exceed $ 8 million for the positive decision of the General Management Investments. In addition, the entire volume of investments should be included in the country for five years. Otherwise, a purchase fails will be received.

It is worth noting that the sale of real estate foreigners in Mecca and Medina is strictly prohibited.

Wishing to visit this unique kingdom, it is worth paying attention to some strict rules of behavior in Muslim society.

• Women at the entrance to the state should necessarily put on a barge or a long dress, closing legs and hands. A prerequisite for the exit of a woman outside is a headscarf head. If you break these rules, you can be sent from the country without explaining the reasons.
• Any immodest clothing, exposing his hands above the elbow and legs, as well as a headless head of a woman in a woman can cause a sharp condemnation from the religious police.
• In Saudi Arabia, women of any nationality is forbidden to drive a car.
• Although recently a ban on photography and video photography in public places has been canceled in Saudi Arabia, to photograph military facilities and people, private and state property requires a special permit.
• For the use of alcoholic beverages, narcotic drugs, for the commitment of theft or intentional murder in local laws, a very serious punishment is threatened: from cut off the hands and before decapitation.

Visa

When visiting Saudi Arabia should take care of the presence of a necessary visa. It is strictly forbidden to enter into this country to people who have an Israeli passport or an Israeli visa, as well as people who have a mark in a passport about the Jews of Religion.

Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Moscow is located at: 119121, Moscow, 3rd Nealimovsky Lane, 3.