INSTRUCTIONS AND PROPHECIES OF THE Blessed MOTHER ALIPIA GOLOSEEVSKY, Kyiv...
Modal verb have to applies to English language most often to describe and express the need and obligation to perform some action. However, it can also describe certainty, certainty or probability, but in these semantic meanings it is used less frequently.
In many ways, have to is very similar to must, and sometimes it is easy to confuse their use. However, if must is a firm obligation that is non-negotiable and must be fulfilled, then the expression have to has a certain connotation of compulsion. That is, a person may not want to do some actions, but he is obliged to do it, and not out of moral motives, but under some kind of pressure.
It is easy to determine the difference between the use of certain verbs if we consider one situation in a different emotional coloring.
Jack, I need to tell you something. Jack, I need to tell you something. (There may not necessarily be a sad emotion here. On the contrary, such a sentence can be pronounced intriguingly, foreshadowing a pleasant surprise.)
Jack, I must tell you something. Jack, I have something to tell you. (A person is obliged to tell something for moral reasons.)
Jack, I don't want to tell you that, but I have to. “Jack, I hate to say this, but I have to. (Here it means that a person is forced to say. For example, he is the boss, and his position forces him to do so.)
You can also give an example where have to is often used to describe an action that needs to be supported more out of social considerations than out of vital necessity.
I must go to doctor tomorrow. - I have to go to the doctor tomorrow. (This refers to the consideration of ensuring life and health. If I do not go to the doctor tomorrow, I will die or get sick.)
I have to go to doctor tomorrow. - I have to go to the doctor tomorrow. (Here, we consider the case when you need to go to the doctor tomorrow in order to stick to the planned schedule. That is, you can go in a week, but such actions will let the doctor down, since he made time for an appointment for tomorrow.)
Along with the modal verb have to, the grammar uses the form have got to. There is no significant difference between them. However, if the first form is used in formal and colloquial speech, then the second is more colloquial. Some philologists and linguists who study English thoroughly say that have got is used to describe one-time circumstances, but have to is used when talking about permanent duties.
I don't have to write it every day, but tomorrow I have got to write it. I don't have to write this every day, but tomorrow I will have to write it.
By the way, one should immediately note the grammatical difference between these forms. In questions and negations with the have to construction, an auxiliary verb is additionally used, but with the have got to form it is not needed.
Have you got to read it? - Do you need to read this?
I haven't got to clean. – I shouldn’t/should/have to clean it.
Do you have to make it? - Do you need to make it?
I don't have to clean it. – I shouldn’t/should/have to clean it.
In colloquial speech, the form have got to is contracted into I've gotta do, and sometimes the verb have is even omitted, and people can say I gotta do. In general, the modal verb have to and the form have got to are used to express compulsion, necessity, and certainty. Of course, abbreviated forms can be used in a conversation, but they are not yet applicable in formal documents.
Modal verb have to (sometimes called a modal construction) is used to express obligation or necessity (in the affirmative or interrogative form) or absence of obligation and necessity (in the negative form). Also verb have to can express certainty, certainty, probability.
Have to is synonymous with modal verb must , and has a connotation of compulsion, due to any circumstances.
For example:
This answer has to be correct.
This answer should be, right. ( Expresses certainty and certainty.)
They had to leave early.
Them had to leave early. ( Expresses obligation, compulsion due to circumstances.)
The soup has to be stirred continuously to prevent burning.
soup from time to time need stir so it doesn't burn. ( Expresses a need.)
Using the modal verb have to in the present, past and future tense
In most cases, the use of modal verbs in the past and future is different from other verbs. The table below shows modal verb usage have to in different situations.
| Usage | affirmative forms 1. Real 2. Past 3. Future |
Negative forms 1. Real 2. Past 3. Future |
Synonyms |
| have to in the sense of certainty, certainty |
1. That has to be Jerry. They said he was tall with bright red hair. It, should be, Jerry. We were told that he was tall and had bright red hair. 2. That has to have been the right restaurant. There were no other restaurants on the street. 3. |
1. Changes to " must" That must not be Jerry. They said he has blond hair, not red hair. Hardly this is Jerry. We were told that he had blond, not red hair. 2. Changes to " must" 3. There is no future tense form. |
must, have got to |
| have to in the sense of necessity |
1. She has to read four books for this literature class. Her need read four books for this literature lesson. 2. She had to finish the first book before the midterm. 3. She will have to finish the other books before the final exam. |
1. She doesn't have to read "Grapes of Wrath." It's optional reading for extra credit. Her not necessary read The Grapes of Wrath. This work is for additional evaluation. 2. She didn't have to write a critique of "The Scarlet Letter." She had to give a presentation to her class. 3. She won't have to take any other literature classes. American Literature is the only required course. |
must |
Remember:
Design do not have to
means no need, but not a ban, while the design must not
means a strict ban.
Consider a modal verb have to / have got to in English, its use cases and temporary forms with examples and translation.
Modal verb Have to and its meaning
People who are not native speakers have a difficult situation with this branch of grammar, in fact, modal verbs sometimes mean the same thing.
For example,
Have to or Must?
Must(should) is based on personal requests, and the modal verb have to(obliged) due to circumstances from outside and represents the absence of an alternative when requested. Consider an example:
🔊 You must go on a budget. - You must go to the budget.
(your family can basically pull your paid education, but they would like to protect themselves from such expenses, you should have a choice)
🔊 You have to go on a budget. - You must go to the budget.
(you have no choice, your family will not be able to pay for your education, so you have to try)
Important features
Important! Distinctive features of modal verbs have to and have got to are: the self-sufficiency of these verbs (they can express the category of person and number) and, unlike other modal English verbs, the particle is used before the main verb after them to.
To have and have to should not be confused
Verb to have translates as "to have / to own", and the modal verb have to- “must / must”. Below are examples of proposals.
🔊 I have a phone. - I have a phone.
🔊 I have to go.- I have to go.
Absolutely different meanings, is not it?
Forms
Comment! Interrogative and negative form of the modal verb have to formed together with an auxiliary verb to do(See examples of sentences below the summary table).
| present tense | Past tense | Future time | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | have to | don't have to | had to | did not have to | will have to | won't have to |
| You | ||||||
| We | ||||||
| You | ||||||
| They | ||||||
| He/she/it | has to | doesn't have to | ||||
| approved | negative | approved | negative | approved | negative | |
Present Simple:
a) Approval
🔊 She has to come to the office at the right time. - She is must come to the office at the right time.
b) Denial
🔊 I graduated from school and I do not have to do my homework anymore. — I finished school and I am more is not obliged to to do homework.
c) Question
🔊
Does she have to do this project? — Should she do this project?
past simple:
a) Approval
🔊 I had to write to him. - I should have write him.
b) Denial
🔊 I didn't have to ask her about her age. - I shouldn't have ask her about her age.
c) Question
🔊
Did I have to help you? - I should have can I help you?
Future Simple:
a) Approval
🔊 Jane will have to go at 7 p.m. — Jane have to go at 7pm.
b) Denial
🔊Isabella won't have to write this work. — Isabella don't have to write this work.
c) Question
🔊
Will I have to do this exercise? - To me have to do this exercise?
What is the difference between Have got to and Have to?
In addition to tense forms, the modal verb have to there is a form have got to(she met above). The difference between these forms is practically not noticeable. So, have got to is used in British English mainly in the present tense and indicates a specific non-repetitive action.
The modal verb Have to is used:
- when we are compelled (not obligated) to do something because of external circumstances(not by choice);
Has a very wide application either alone or in conjunction with other words. In addition, there are many overlapping areas with other similar verbs.
Need to vs. have to
In order to talk about the need to do something, you can use the verb need to.
You might need to see a doctor
A number of questions need to be asked
And in contrast, to express the lack of need to do something, don’t have, don’t need to, haven’t got to or needn’t are used.
Many women don't have to work / Many women do not have to work.
You don't have to learn any new typing skills/ You don't have to learn any new typing skills.
You don't need to buy anything/ You don't need to buy anything.
I haven't got to go to work/ I don't have to go to work.
I can pick John up. You needn't bother / I can give John a lift. You don't have to trouble yourself.
Needn't is used to express permission for someone not to do something.
You needn't say anything if you don't want to/ You don't have to say anything if you don't want to.
You needn't stay any longer tonight / You don't have to stay any longer tonight.
To explain that someone did something that was not at all necessary to do, need not have or needn't have is used, and Often this construction appeals to cases where, at the time of the action, the performer himself did not suspect that there was no need in doing so.
I needn't have waited until the game began
Nell needn't have worked/ Nell didn't have to work.
They needn't have worried about Reagan.
If the performer at the time of the action knew that the action was not necessary, then it would be more appropriate to say didn’t need to. This clarification is explained by the fact that the present tense refers to a hypothetical need in general, while the past tense refers to a specific action performed without necessity.
They didn't need to talk about it.
I didn't need to worry / I didn't need to worry.
Also, with the difference that with didn’t need to, the speaker is not sure whether the incident actually took place until he receives additional information, you can use didn’t and the modal verb have to for this. Examples:
He didn't have to speak / He didn't have to speak.
Bill and I didn't have to pay / Bill and I didn't have to pay.
must vs. have to
Must, have to are sometimes interchangeable. Thus, the verb have comes to the aid of must in the past tense, if you need to emphasize something that should not have happened in the past. You can replace must with It was necessary, It was important not to, had to make sure, had to make certain and the like had to, the modal verb in conjunction with them means “it was important / necessary”, or “it was important / necessary make sure".
It was necessary that no one was aware of being watched.
You had to make sure that you didn't spend too much.
We had to do our best to make certain that it wasn't out of date / We had to do everything in our power to make sure that it was not out of date.
It was important not to take the game too seriously.
Should and ought vs. have to
Should and ought can be used to indicate a moderate need, that is, the feeling of need is not as strong as if we used must.
Should and ought are very common in spoken English. Should, being a true modal verb, requires the following verb to be used in its base form. And ought requires a to-infinitive after itself. Negative with these verbs looks like should not, shouldn't, ought not, oughtn't and means that there is a moderate need not to do something.
There are three cases in which should, ought are put:
1) When it comes to performing some positive or right action.
We should send her a postcard. / We must send her a postcard.
2) When you want to advise someone to do something or not to do something.
You should claim your pension 3-4 months before you retire. / You must apply for a pension 3-4 months before you leave.
3) When you express your point of view or ask someone else's opinion. At the same time, in order to start a sentence, they often use: I think, I don’t think, or Do you think.
I think we should be paid more. / I think we should pay more.
Try to distinguish between the use of should, ought, and the modal verb have to. The exercises below contain gaps, fill them in:
We _______ spend all the money. / We don't have to spend all the money.
He ______ come more often. / He should come more often.
You ______ see him again. / You shouldn't see him again.
You ______ use a detergent. / You must not use detergent.
You ______ get a new TV. / You need a new TV.
You ______ marry him. You shouldn't marry him.
I don't think we ______ grumble. / I don't think we should complain.
Do you think he ______ go? / Do you think he shouldn't go?
What do you think we ______ do? / What do you think we should do?
To say that in the past there was a moderate need to do something, but the action was not performed, use should have or ought to have with the past participle. For example, if it says I should have given him the money yesterday, it means that yesterday there was a moderate need to transfer money, but the money was not transferred.
I should have finished my drink and gone home. / I had to finish my drink and go home.
You should have realized that he was joking. / You should have known he was joking.
We ought to have stayed in tonight. / We were supposed to stay that night.
They ought to have taken a taxi. / They should have called a taxi.
If it is required to say that it was important not to do something in the past, but, nevertheless, it was done, should not have, ought not to have are used. For example, if it is said: I should not have left the door open, the implication is that it was important that someone did not leave the door open, but the door remained open nonetheless.
I should not have said that. / I shouldn't have said that.
You should not have given him the money. / I shouldn't have given him money.
They ought not to have told him. / They shouldn't have told him.
She oughtn't to have sold the ring. / She shouldn't have sold the ring.
Had better
Had to is used to indicate a moderate need to do something in a particular situation. At the same time, the modal verb loses to and adds better, forming had better, followed by the verb in the base form. Also had better can be used to give advice or to express one's point of view on any issue. Although usually placed immediately after had to, the modal verb and not are separated by better in this case. The negative form looks like had better not.
I think I had better show this to you now. / I think it's better to show it to you now.
You'd better go tomorrow. / You'd better go tomorrow.
Although had better is reminiscent of its form, it was never used for moderate need in the past. Moreover, the correct form is always had better (it does not say have better).
I'd better not look at this. / I better not look at it.
Thus, in the range have values many separate semantic units that do not always behave according to the general logic. For example, had to (the modal verb have to in form II) does not always indicate the past tense.
