“The main advantage of Mr. F. Tyutchev’s poems lies in their lively, graceful, plastically correct depiction of nature. He loves her passionately, understands her perfectly, the most subtle, elusive features and shades of her are accessible to him, and all this is excellently reflected in his poems,” wrote N. A. Nekrasov, highly appreciating Tyutchev’s lyrics of nature and calling the poet's talent is “primary poetic talent.”

F.I. Tyutchev especially loved spring and autumn nature, symbolizing rebirth and withering. He created unique images: thunderstorms, spring waters, the night sea, etc.

Tyutchev’s poem “Autumn Evening” is remarkable - a kind of lyrical reflection evoked by the beauty of nature falling asleep. In it, nature appears in its magnificent festive decoration, the author emphasizes its “touching, mysterious charm.” The poet paints images of the sky, wind, trees, leaves, clear evening. The intonation of the entire poem is soft, soothing, creating a feeling of peace and harmony. Only the “ominous shine and variegation of the trees” and the “gusty, cold wind” foreshadow the approach of late autumn, which is not so calm and sweet. In the poem, Tyutchev humanizes nature, speaks about it in the language of metaphors. This landscape of a clear autumn evening is truly captivating.

A striking contrast to this poem is Tyutchev’s famous hymn to the thunderstorm (“Spring Thunderstorm”). The thunderstorm rumbles, plays, frolics, joyfully proclaiming the awakening of spring nature. By pumping up a trembling sound, Tyutchev conveys the strength and power of a natural phenomenon: “Young peals are thundering...”.

Metaphors help the poet to bring the picture to life: “rain pearls”, “the sun gilds the threads”.

The thunderstorm makes us remember the gods - Tyutchev introduces the image of the goddess Hebe, spilling her “thundering cup” onto the earth.

A distinctive feature of Tyutchev’s lyrics is the comparison of natural phenomena with human experiences. The poet compares the inexhaustible strength and vitality of the key (“The stream has thickened and dimmed ...”) with the spark of life that always flickers in the “orphaned chest”, happy love with northern summer, the breath of spring in the middle of autumn with memories talk about youth...

The image of the sea appears more than once in the poet’s lyrics. Contemplation of the sea was truly exciting for Tyutchev. Vivid evidence of this is the poem “How good you are, O night sea...”, of which the great poet left five versions.

Tyutchev also dedicated the poem “You, my sea wave...” to the sea. The poet is captivated by the willfulness and love of life of the wave, its secret charm, he trusts his soul to it. The wave either laughs, “reflecting the vault of the sky,” then furiously beats against the shore, then whispers affectionately, then murmurs violently, it is “now gloomy, now bright.” She appears as a living, animated being in this poem.

According to V. Ya. Bryusov, “Tyutchev’s poems about nature are almost always a passionate declaration of love. It seems to Tyutchev that the highest bliss available to man is to admire the diverse manifestations of the life of nature.”

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev is a famous Russian poet of the 19th century. His creative list includes many intriguing topics, but the author devoted the most interesting lyrical works to natural phenomena. He painted Russian nature with a lively soul, endowing it with human qualities, character, and change of mood. Particularly impressive are the poems dedicated to autumn, a dull time of year with special colors and flavor.

Autumn in Tyutchev’s lyrical works has an attractive charm, an extraordinary and somewhat tremulous breath, and an orphaned sadness inherent in human emotions. The author conveys picturesque descriptions of nature in such detail and interestingly that when reading the poems, the reader seems to be transported into a fictional, skillfully painted world.

Fyodor Tyutchev is rightfully considered an unsurpassed master of landscape poetry. Each word in his poems has a specific meaning. The description of nature and the autumn season appears before the reader in an original sketch, as if the poet did not simply write a poem, but painted in detail the pictures he saw. He did not highlight the ordinary, what everyone can see. Tyutchev looked deeply inside, into the very soul of nature, felt its state and mood, and he magnificently conveyed all these observations in rhyme.

Every person periodically admires the surrounding nature. Watching her life and the changing seasons is always interesting and instructive. The poet was also keen on studying natural phenomena, but unlike other people, he skillfully conveyed all the most interesting things, enticing the reader with melodic lines. Tyutchev's poems are studied with pleasure by people of all ages; there are many fans of his work among young children. Poems about autumn that are pleasant to read are easy to comprehend and memorize, leaving the most pleasant emotions in the reader’s soul.

Analysis of the poem “There is in the original autumn...”

In August 1857, Fyodor Tyutchev wrote one of the most wonderful poems about the autumn season - “There is in the original autumn.” This verse was invented by the author completely by accident. Returning to Moscow from a long trip with his daughter, the author admired the surrounding autumn colors, which inspired the talented poet to create another literary masterpiece. Returning home, he immediately wrote a poem, which in the future was recognized by the world community as one of the best.

This lyrical work belongs to the late work of Tyutchev. The publication of the poem occurred a year after it was written, in a well-known magazine called “Russian Conversation”.

The poem “There is in the original autumn” is an interesting sketch of natural landscapes at the beginning of autumn. Many people call this time “Indian summer”, when the sultry days are replaced by gentle warmth with a slight coolness, characteristic of the autumn season. The author managed to colorfully describe this glorious transitional period, highlighting the thinnest line between the passing summer and the beginning of autumn.

Epithets play a leading role in this poem. With their help, Tyutchev masterfully revealed the image of early autumn. He called this time of year “marvelous,” emphasizing its unique beauty and extraordinary days. And with the word “crystal” the author was able to emphasize the transparency of the autumn sky and the play of light, conveying the sonority of autumn days and the fragility of beauty.

The breath of autumn is clearly felt in the poem, reminding everyone living on earth of the imminent arrival of winter. The poet talks about that pleasant ringing silence that gives peace and special peace. At this time of year, both man and nature itself need some rest, and after taking the inevitable pause, we manage to enjoy the autumn silence and harmony of this time of year. All these tremulous feelings and inherent excitement were masterfully conveyed in a poem by the famous and talented poet Fyodor Tyutchev!

“There is in the primordial autumn...”

There is in the initial autumn
A short but wonderful time -
The whole day is like crystal,
And the evenings are radiant...
Where the cheerful sickle walked and the ear fell,
Now everything is empty - space is everywhere, -
Only a web of thin hair
Glistens on the idle furrow.
The air is empty, the birds are no longer heard,
But the first winter storms are still far away -
And pure and warm azure flows
To the resting field...

Analysis of the poem “Autumn Evening”

Even in the early years of his work, Tyutchev was able to glorify the autumn season, picturesquely distributing the colors of autumn and its deceptive mood. As you know, the poet lived abroad from the age of eighteen, and during his next trip to Russia, which happened in 1830, Fyodor Ivanovich wrote a beautiful poem - “Autumn Evening”. It was created in a classical style, with subtle hints of romanticism. The main theme of the work is landscape lyricism.

The autumn evening is presented by the poet as a phenomenon of natural life. The author gave this creation a special philosophical meaning, trying to find something similar between natural phenomena and the life of an ordinary person. The poet deeply expanded the metaphor, comparing the feelings of autumn with the prototypes of deep morality inherent in animate persons.

The poet wrote “Autumn Evening” in iambic 5 meter using cross rhyme. The twelve-line poem has a complex sentence that can be read loudly in just one breath.

“A gentle smile of withering” - this small phrase used by Tyutchev in a lyrical work was able to harmoniously combine all the important details conceived by the poet. This is how a charming image of nature withering in the autumn darkness was created.

In this poem, Fyodor Tyutchev described nature as multifaceted and rather changeable. It has rich colors and unusual sounds. The author managed to masterfully convey the beautiful charm of twilight on a cool autumn evening. And with the help of syntactic condensation, the poet was able to reunite the many-sided artistic expressiveness.

In the lyrical work “Autumn Evening” there are many epithets of various structures. Contrasting techniques allowed the author to quite expressively convey to the reader the transitional state of nature in autumn.

Tyutchev clearly comprehends the autumn landscape, conveys to it human qualities of character and feelings. He perceives this time of year as nature’s farewell smile, signaling the imminent arrival of winter.

"Autumn evening"

There are in the brightness of autumn evenings
Touching, mysterious charm:
The ominous shine and diversity of trees,
Crimson leaves languid, light rustle,
Misty and quiet azure
Over the sad orphaned land,
And, like a premonition of descending storms,
Gusty, cold wind at times,
Damage, exhaustion - and everything
That gentle smile of fading,
What in a rational being we call
Divine modesty of suffering.

Analysis of the poem “Enveloped in a thing’s drowsiness”

The poem “Wrapped in a Thing’s Drowsiness” is recognized as a real pearl of landscape lyricism in the works of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev. Many famous personalities spoke flatteringly about this poetic creation - Ivan Aksakov, Leo Tolstoy, popular critics at that time, and, of course, fans of the famous Russian poet who study Tyutchev’s lyrics.

The poem “Wreathed in a Thing Drowsiness” presents a picture of fading autumn in all its lovely colors. In this work, the author introduces non-standard thinking, presenting the true beauty of natural nature, hidden in external unattractiveness and even ugliness. As a starting point, the poet chooses chaos, which gives rise to new life after a disastrous collapse. This view of Tyutchev on natural phenomena is somewhat comparable to the creative thoughts of the English poet W. Wordsword.

In this poem, as in other lyrical works of Tyutchev, one can see the inspiration of natural phenomena. Plants and the forest, covered with colored paints, experience slightly joyful and at the same time sad emotions inherent in humans.

Fyodor Tyutchev always considered nature to be alive, he saw its subtle soul, believed that it can show feelings of love, harmony, sadness... All these emotions of nature, invisible to the common human eye, were conveyed by the author in many ways in his poems, full of beautiful epithets and amazing rhyming.

Reading the poem “Wreathed in a Thing Drowsiness,” a skillful comparison of the cycles of nature with periods of human life is clearly visible. A fading autumn forest can be compared to human aging. The author sees this withering of nature in beautiful outlines, considering all the beauty of the last smile, once blooming and alive...

The poem is narrated in the first person, by the lyrical hero, who appears to the reader as a young man who has a somewhat contemptuous attitude towards inevitable old age. This opinion arises because at such an early age, he does not try to consider his personality in the objective reality that awaits any person at a certain point in life. The author’s idea can be interpreted with other thoughts; each reader can show his imagination and independently summarize the main meaning of the magnificent lyrical work - “Wooded with the stuff of drowsiness.”

“Enveloped in a thing of drowsiness...”

Enveloped in a thing of drowsiness,
The half-naked forest is sad...
Of the summer leaves perhaps the hundredth,
Shining with autumn gilding,
There is still rustling on the branches.
I look with tender sympathy,
When, breaking through from behind the clouds,
Suddenly through the dotted trees,
With their old and weary leaves,
A lightning beam will burst forth!
How fadingly cute!
What a delight it is for us,
When, what bloomed and lived like this,
Now, so weak and frail,
Smile for the last time!..

Read the poem several times.

Find material related to the poem in question, the history of its creation (this information will help you understand the poem, its theme and main images, and they can also be used in the introduction).

What picture does the poet paint? Imagine it, write down what you imagined. Simply retell the poem in your own words.

What feelings does the poet convey in the poem? What specific keywords form these feelings? Write it down in a draft, using the mood dictionary if you have difficulty (see below).

Which figurative and expressive facilities helped create this picture? (Find words with a figurative meaning, comparisons, underline them in the poem, give them a definition using a dictionary of terms.) What images do these figurative and expressive means help you draw? Highlight the main, central images.

Think about what the poem is about (this will be his topic). What did the poet want to say in his work, what thought did he express? (It will be main idea poems). Write it down as a draft.

How does the poem make you feel? What do you imagine when you read a poem? Write it down.

Collect all draft notes and organize them using analysis essay plan essays (see below). At the end of the work, check if there are any speech defects or errors in the content, correct them, and then check for spelling and punctuation errors.

It will roughly look like this.

Poem	Materials for the essay
Tyutchev F. I. "Reluctantly and timidly..."	Tyutchev F.I. – master of landscape and philosophical lyrics. The poet's pictures of nature are shown through lyrical experiences and are associated with philosophical reflections on life and death, on the place of man in the world.
Reluctantly and timidly The sun looks on the fields - Chu! thundered behind the cloud, The earth frowned. Warm gusts of wind - Distant thunder and rain sometimes... Green fields Greener under the storm. Here I broke through from behind the clouds Blue lightning jet - The flame is white and volatile He bordered its edges. More often than raindrops, Dust flies like a whirlwind from the fields, And thunderclaps Getting angrier and bolder... The sun looked again From under your brows to the fields, And drowned in the radiance The whole earth is in turmoil.	"Retelling in your own words" The poet paints a picture of spring nature. The sun still illuminates the earth, but a thunderstorm is already approaching. Lightning flashed. It starts to rain, the wind has risen. Thunder is heard more often. The sun, having illuminated the earth, hides behind the clouds. Mood. Delight from a thunderstorm. The poet admires. Fine and expressive means. Epithets: “reluctantly and timidly”, “greening”, “white and flying”, “angry and bolder”, “confused”. Personifications: “the sun looks at the fields”, “the sun once again looked / From under his brows at the fields...” Simile: “dust flies like a whirlwind from the fields.” Metaphors: “sank into the radiance”, “lightning stream” These words help the poet convey all the changes in nature before the rain and paint the landscape more vividly. Images of the sun and earth, images of lightning, thunder. The peculiarity is that there are many verbs that convey action and movement. Topic and main idea. Poem about spring rain. The poet shows how nature changes when it starts to rain. My feelings. I liked it because rain is a cleanser for nature. A thunderstorm is always alarming and attractive. I smell the rain.

All that remains is to put everything into one text, using the plan.

Chapter 2. Poem analysis plan.

We looked at several essay plans for analyzing a poem. Some were too voluminous, containing 17 points, many of which are incomprehensible to a student in grades 5-6, because were not studied according to the program. We found one plan for elementary school students, but it did not contain the concepts that are studied in grades 5-6 (visual and expressive means). We settled on one plan proposed by Natalya Valentinovna Prokina, teacher of Russian language and literature at Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 2, r.p. Kolyshley, Penza region.

Sample plan for analyzing a poem for grade 5.

1. Expressive reading of a poem (teacher).

2. Emotional perception of the text.

3. Verbal drawing (landscape lyrics).

4. Work at the lexical level: what visual and expressive means helped to experience these feelings.

5. Determining the theme of the poem, the main idea.

6. The image of the lyrical hero.

7. Own attitude to what you read.

8. Expressive reading of a poem (student).

However, this plan is not suitable for writing an essay. Therefore, we decided to take the plan proposed in thematic notebooks on literature, reworking it, removing what was unknown to sixth-graders, adding points from the plan proposed above. We decided to provide each point of the plan with detailed questions that, in our opinion, will help the student in analyzing the poem. We have combined some details of the plan, considered in other sources as separate points of analysis, into one point for convenience (one point - one paragraph), especially since in the sixth grade a student cannot yet fully and voluminously reveal the images, the main idea of ​​the poem, and he is not able to do this a separate paragraph will be required.

Plan for writing and analyzing a poem.

2 . What picture does he paint in his poem? (Describe. Pay attention to the details of the drawing of the paintings, their color scheme. What words in the poem suggested the named features of the image to you?) The mood, feelings conveyed by the author. How do feelings change from the beginning to the end of the poem?

3. The main images of the poem. Expressive means (epithets, metaphors, comparisons) Syntactic figures: antithesis, appeal and exclamation.

4 . Your own attitude towards what you read. What feelings does the poem evoke?

Based on the materials collected for the essay, the following essay may be obtained.

Tyutchev F.I. – master of landscape and philosophical lyrics. The poet's pictures of nature are shown through lyrical experiences and are associated with philosophical thoughts about life and death, about man's place in the world, about his connection with nature. Landscapes delight with their emotionality and expressiveness. This can be seen in the poem by F.I. Tyutchev"Reluctantly and timidly..." , which talks about spring rain. The poet shows how nature changes when it starts to rain.

In his work, F.I. Tyutchev paints a picture of spring nature. The sun still illuminates the earth, but a thunderstorm is already approaching. Lightning flashed. It starts to rain, the wind has risen. Thunder is heard more often. The sun, having illuminated the earth, hides behind the clouds. The poet admires the lively nature, admires the approaching thunderstorm.

The main images of the poem are images of the sun and earth, lightning and thunderstorms, which seem to prevent the sun from connecting with the earth. Personifications help make the picture lively and spiritual: “the sun looks at the fields”, “the sun once again looked / From under his brows at the fields...”.Using the epithets “reluctantly and timidly”, “greening”, “white and flying”, “angry and bolder”, “confused”, the poet creates images of nature. The abundance of verbs helps to convey movements and changes in nature.

I liked Tyutchev's poem"Reluctantly and timidly..." , because rain is cleansing for nature. A thunderstorm is alarming and attractive at the same time. I think I smell the rain.

Physical phenomena
in Russian poetry
poets

The study of physical phenomena and laws in connection with the consideration of their reflection in works of fiction: writers and poets vividly and figuratively glorify their native nature, talk about characteristic natural phenomena.

Natural sources of light (their glow does not depend on human will) have long attracted the attention of people; they inspired poets, artists, composers, thinkers. This is how our great compatriot M.V. wrote about the star. Lomonosov:
... An abyss full of stars has opened.

The stars have no number, the abyss has no bottom.

And here is a poem by V. Lugovsky:
Star, star, cold star.

You are sinking lower and lower towards the cold needles.

At dawn you will disappear without a trace

And at dawn you will emerge from the void.

Your distant world is a winged whirlwind of fire,

Where the nuclei of atoms are fused by heat.

Why are you looking at me so icy?

A grain of sand on the crust of the globe.

A F.I. Tyutchev dedicated one of his poems to the rainbow:
How unexpected and bright

In the damp blue sky,

Aerial arch erected

In your momentary celebration!

One end stuck into the forests,

Gone behind the clouds for others -

She took away half the sky

And she became exhausted at the height.

Oh, in this rainbow vision

What a treat for the eyes!

It is long ago for us for a moment,

Catch him - catch him quickly!

The light and warmth of a fire always attract people and create a lyrical mood, as described, for example, in a poem

I.S. Nikitina:

Brightly twinkling stars

In the blue of the sky;

Moon's radiance

Falls on the forest.

Heard between the bushes

Laughter and conversation;

It's hot with mowers

A fire has been lit.

Stars over the fields

Wilderness and reeds...

So they pour on their own

Sounds from the soul.

A candle plays a special role among artificial light sources: it has become a symbol of life, knowledge, as well as the memory of the dead, a symbol of the immortality of human souls. Thanks to this, in B. Pasternak’s poem the image of a candle creates an appropriate lyrical and philosophical subtext:

Chalk, chalk all over the earth

To all limits.

The candle was burning on the table,

The candle was burning.
Like a swarm of midges in summer

Flies into the flames

Flakes flew from the yard

To the window frame.

A snowstorm sculpted on the glass

Circles and arrows,

The candle was burning on the table,

The candle was burning.

It was the candle that served as the “starting point” for the Russian electrical engineer P.N. Yablochkov when creating a lamp with an electric arc -

"Yablochkov's candles"

Everywhere, constantly on earth, the water cycle takes place in nature.

All inhabitants of our planet are its witnesses, witnesses of evaporation, boiling and condensation of moisture. Let us turn to fiction, where there are descriptions of these phenomena.

Let us now answer several physical questions related to fragments from poetic works.
3
M.Yu. Lermontov “Two Brothers”:

The low valleys are smoking,

Where are the heaps of small huts

With dirty yards...

Question: Why does fog most often form in lowlands?

(Answer: Cold air stagnates in low places.)
Russian writer Ivan Alekseevich Bunin.

"Cold Spring":

Among crooked trunks, among gnarled branches

Milky smoke creeps in: the garden is being fumigated.

All the apple trees are in bloom - and behold, in the green grass

The lights, like tongues, turn red and tremble.
The colorless smell is pure - expect frost at midnight.

And the nightingales sing all night from their warm nests

In the blue dope of smoking manure,

In the silver dust of misty-bright stars.

Questions: Why are flowering apple trees fumigated in anticipation of frost?

Why can frosts be expected in early spring with a cloudless sky?

(Answers. Fumigation of garden trees saturates the air with tiny particles of combustion products, and steam from the air condenses on them, releasing heat that warms the flowers. When the sky is cloudless, the earth is greatly cooled by radiation; smoke blocks this radiation.)
Russian writer Nikolai Nosov.

"Dunno on the Moon":

Vintik and Shpuntik, being in a state of weightlessness, wanted to boil the kettle. “At first everything went well, but after a few minutes Vintik and Shpuntik saw water begin to bubble up from the spout of the kettle, as if someone was pushing it out from the inside. Shpuntik quickly plugged the spout of the kettle with his finger, but water immediately began to bubble out from under the lid.

This bubble grew larger and larger, finally came off the lid and, shaking as if it were made of liquid jelly, floated through the air.”

Questions: how to explain what happened?

Why couldn't Vintik and Shpuntik boil water in the kettle?

(Answers: Zero gravity. In zero gravity, convection is impossible.

The bottom layer of water in the kettle heats up and turns into steam.

The steam expands and displaces cold water from the kettle.)

From a poem by a Russian poet F. Tyutcheva “Clouds are melting in the sky...”:

The clouds are melting in the sky,

And, radiant in the heat,

A river rolls in sparks...
Questions : did you recognize the physical phenomenon discussed here? Name it. Why does the surface of the water sparkle?

(Answers. The described phenomenon is associated with the reflection of light. There are always ripples and small whirlpools on the surface of the water; it can be represented as a set of concave and convex mirrors. Concave “mirrors” focus the sun’s rays, so bright sparkles appear on the water. Since the surface “mirror” waves are constantly moving, the sparks seem to flash on and off.)

Poetic images of various natural light sources.
Rainbow: Spring sun with rain

Build a rainbow together -

Seven-color semicircle

Of seven wide arcs.

No sun and no rain

Not a single nail

And they built it in no time

Celestial Gate.

S.Ya.Marshak
Stars: So many stars crowded into the frame

Between the window sashes.

They sparkle in the evenings

Like golden letters.

In the window's close semicircle

By remembering, you recognize

Polygons and arcs-

Universe fire drawing.

S.Ya.Marshak
Lightning: And then summer said goodbye

With a stop. Taking off my hat,

One hundred blinding photographs

At night I photographed the thunder as a souvenir.

The lilac brush has faded. In it

Time he picked up an armful

Lightning, they trawl from the field

Light up the executive house.

B.L.Pasternak

Fire: There is nothing sadder than the night

A fire forgotten in the forest.

Oh, how he trembles as he goes out

And flaring up in the wind!

Cold night wind from the sea

Suddenly flies into the forest:

He, spinning wildly, throws

Decayed pine weeds into the fire

And the flame flares up greedily,

And the darkness hanging like a tent,

Suddenly it trembles, opening

Trunks and branches over the fire.

I.A.Bunin
Riddle competition:
1. Once they asked the rose, why, enchanting the eye, do you cruelly scratch us with prickly thorns?
(the points of the spike have a very small cross-sectional area).
2. Have you ever walked through a swamp? Was it easy for you? That's it! Then why does the huge elk run so easily through the swamp?
(The moose’s hooves are forked. There is a membrane between them. Therefore, the area of ​​support for the moose’s leg is quite large, and the pressure is relatively small).

3. The flight attendant very nicely asked me to empty all the ink from my pens before departure. Why did she need this?

(At high altitudes, the ambient air pressure is low, and the pressure in the pen is equal to the atmospheric pressure on the surface of the earth. Excessive pressure may cause ink to flow out of the pen.)
4. What mistake was made in the poet’s poem:

She lived and flowed along the glass, but suddenly she was shackled with frost, and the drop became a motionless piece of ice, and the warmth in the world decreased?

(When water turns into ice, heat is released rather than lost.)

5. It was winter. Sherlock Holmes entered the room from the street. Through the frozen windows, only the edge of the road was visible. “The landlady is lazy,” he thought. Why did he come to this conclusion?
(Answer: The windows in the owner's apartment were frozen. This means that warm, moist air from the room penetrated into the space between the frames and, coming into contact with the cold glass, froze on it. Consequently, the windows are poorly insulated.)
6. Having come to visit, Sherlock Holmes went to the window and looked out of it. “Your house is stone and cold,” he remarked. What allowed him to say that?
(Answer: Through the window he saw that the house was made of stone and its walls were thin; brick is not a very good heat insulator.)
7. “Would you like some tea?” - asked the owner of the house Sherlock Holmes. “Yes,” answered the guest. “That’s good,” said the owner. “But I like hot tea, so I put a piece of sugar in it just before drinking it.” “It’s wiser to do this earlier, as soon as it’s poured for you,” advised Sherlock Holmes. Is he right?
(Answer: Right. If you put sugar directly into hot tea, its temperature will immediately drop, and the lower it is, i.e., the less different from room temperature, the slower the tea cools.)
8. “Pancakes are delicious when they are hot,” said the hostess, inviting Sherlock Holmes to the table. “To keep them hot longer,” she continued, “I place a plate of pancakes on a woven wire tray. I ask you to." “It’s better to put them on a wooden stand,” Holmes advised. What is this advice based on?
(Answer: The thermal conductivity of wood is less than that of metal, so the plate cools down more slowly on a wooden stand.)

9. The owner of the house where Holmes was, came to the door and let the cat into the room. Looking at the cat, Sherlock Holmes said: “The weather outside is cold.” How did he determine this?

(Answer: Obviously, from the cat's fur. In cold weather, the wool becomes especially fluffy so that there is more air in the space between the fibers - a poor conductor of heat.)
Riddles on the topic “Nature and phenomena in it.”

Each answer is accompanied by a physical question.

1. 
   It does not sink in water and does not burn in fire. What it is?

(answer: ice)
Question: When will a kettle with boiling water cool down faster: if you put it on ice or if you put ice on the lid?

(Answer: when ice is placed on the lid of the kettle; in this case, a cold layer of water will form around the ice, which is heavier than the rest, and it will sink down; convection currents will arise)

1. 
   Without arms, without legs, but he climbs into the hut. What are we talking about?

(cold, warm)
Question: Why do many animals sleep curled up in a ball in cold weather?

(Answer: A curled up animal has less body surface area, so it cools less. Due to less contact with cold air and less convection)

1. 
   You are behind her, she is from you, you are from her, she is behind you. What it is?

(Shadow)
Question: How to get shadows of different lengths from one stick?

(Answer: you need to tilt the stick at different angles towards the sun)

1. 
   I eat coal, I drink water,

As soon as I get drunk, I’ll speed up.

I’m carrying a train of one hundred wheels.

And I call myself... (Locomotive)
Question: What serves as the working fluid of a steam locomotive engine?

(Answer: steam)
8
5. What goes on without moving? (Answer: time)
Question: Does time always “go” at the same speed?

(Answer: No; its progress depends on the speed of the reference frame)

What are natural phenomena? What are they? You will find answers to these questions in this article. The material can be useful both for preparing for a lesson on the world around us and for general development.

Everything that surrounds us and is not created by human hands is nature.

All changes that occur in nature are called natural phenomena or natural phenomena. The rotation of the Earth, its movement in orbit, the change of day and night, the change of seasons are examples of natural phenomena.

Seasons are also called seasons. Therefore, natural phenomena associated with the changing seasons are called seasonal phenomena.

Nature, as you know, can be inanimate and living.

Inanimate nature includes: the Sun, stars, celestial bodies, air, water, clouds, stones, minerals, soil, precipitation, mountains.

Living nature includes plants (trees), mushrooms, animals (animals, fish, birds, insects), microbes, bacteria, and humans.

In this article we will look at winter, spring, summer and autumn natural phenomena in animate and inanimate nature.

Winter natural phenomena

Examples of winter phenomena in inanimate nature

Examples of winter phenomena in wildlife

Snow is a type of winter precipitation in the form of crystals or flakes. Snowfall – heavy snowfall in winter. A blizzard is a strong blowing snowstorm that occurs mainly in flat, treeless areas. A blizzard is a snow storm with strong winds. A snowstorm is a winter phenomenon in inanimate nature, when a strong wind raises a cloud of dry snow and impairs visibility at low temperatures. Buran is a blizzard in the steppe area, in open areas. Blizzard - wind transfer of previously fallen and (or) falling snow. Glaze is the formation of a thin layer of ice on the surface of the earth as a result of cold weather after a thaw or rain. Ice - the formation of a layer of ice on the surface of the earth, trees, wires and other objects that form after freezing drops of rain or drizzle; Icicles - icing when liquid drains in the form of a cone pointed downward. Frosty patterns are essentially frost that forms on the ground and on tree branches and on windows. Freeze-up is a natural phenomenon when a continuous ice cover is established on rivers, lakes and other bodies of water; Clouds are a collection of water droplets and ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere, visible in the sky with the naked eye. Ice, as a natural phenomenon, is the process of transition of water into a solid state. Frost is a phenomenon when the temperature drops below 0 degrees Celsius. Frost is a snow-white fluffy coating that grows on tree branches and wires in calm frosty weather, mainly during fog, appearing with the first sharp cold snaps. Thaw - Warm weather in winter with melting snow and ice.

Bear hibernation is a period of slowing down of life processes and metabolism in homeothermic animals during periods of low food availability. Hibernation of hedgehogs - due to lack of nutrition in winter, hedgehogs hibernate. The change in color of a hare from gray to white is a mechanism by which hares adapt to a change in environment. The squirrel's color change from red to bluish-gray is a mechanism by which squirrels adapt to changing environments. Bullfinches and tits arrive People dressed in winter clothes

Spring natural phenomena

Names of spring phenomena in inanimate nature

Names of spring phenomena in wildlife

Ice drift is the movement of ice downstream during river melting. Snowmelt is a natural phenomenon when the snow begins to melt. Thawed patches are a phenomenon of early spring, when areas that have thawed from snow appear, most often around trees. Flood is a phase of the water regime of a river that repeats annually at the same time with a characteristic rise in water level. Thermal winds are the general name for winds associated with the temperature difference that occurs between a cold spring night and a relatively warm sunny day. The first thunderstorm is an atmospheric phenomenon when electrical discharges - lightning - occur between a cloud and the earth's surface, which are accompanied by thunder. Snow melting The babbling of brooks Drops - melting snow falling from roofs, from trees in drops, as well as these drops themselves.

Flowering of early flowering plants (bushes, trees, flowers) The appearance of insects Arrival of migratory birds Sap flow in plants is the movement of water and minerals dissolved in it from the root system to the above-ground part. Budding Emergence of a flower from a bud Emergence of foliage Birdsong Birth of baby animals Bears and hedgehogs wake up after hibernation Molting in animals - changing the winter coat to thorns

Summer natural phenomena

Summer natural phenomena in inanimate nature

Summer natural phenomena in wildlife

A thunderstorm is an atmospheric phenomenon when electrical discharges - lightning - occur between a cloud and the earth's surface, which are accompanied by thunder. Lightning is a giant electrical spark discharge in the atmosphere that can usually occur during a thunderstorm, resulting in a bright flash of light and accompanying thunder. Lightning - instant flashes of light on the horizon during a distant thunderstorm. This phenomenon is observed, as a rule, at night. At the same time, thunderclaps are not heard due to the distance, but flashes of lightning are visible, the light of which is reflected from cumulonimbus clouds (mainly their tops). The phenomenon was popularly timed to coincide with the end of summer, the beginning of the harvest, and is sometimes called bakers. Thunder is a sound phenomenon in the atmosphere that accompanies a lightning strike. Hail is a type of rainfall consisting of pieces of ice. A rainbow is one of the most beautiful natural phenomena, resulting from the refraction of sunlight in water droplets suspended in the air. Shower - heavy (heavy) rain. Heat is a state of the atmosphere characterized by hot air heated by the sun's rays. Dew is small drops of moisture that settle on plants or soil when the morning coolness sets in. Summer warm rains

The grass is turning green Flowers are blooming Mushrooms and berries grow in the forest

Autumn natural phenomena

Autumn phenomena in inanimate nature

Autumn phenomena in wildlife

Wind is a flow of air moving parallel to the earth's surface. Fog is a cloud that “descends” to the surface of the earth. Rain is a type of precipitation that falls from clouds in the form of liquid droplets, the diameter of which varies from 0.5 to 5-7 mm. Slush is liquid mud formed from rain and sleet in wet weather. Frost is a thin layer of ice that covers the surface of the earth and other objects located on it at sub-zero temperatures. Frost – light frost in the range of 1 to 3 degrees Celsius. Autumn ice drift is the movement of ice on rivers and lakes under the influence of currents or wind at the beginning of freezing of reservoirs.

Leaf fall is the process of leaves falling from trees. Migration of birds to the south

Unusual natural phenomena

What natural phenomena still exist? In addition to the seasonal natural phenomena described above, there are several more that are not associated with any time of year.

• Flood called a short-term sudden rise in water level in a river. This sharp rise may be a consequence of heavy rains, the melting of large amounts of snow, the release of an impressive volume of water from the reservoir, or the collapse of glaciers.
• Northern lights- glow of the upper layers of the atmospheres of planets with a magnetosphere due to their interaction with charged particles of the solar wind.
• Ball lightning- a rare natural phenomenon that looks like a luminous formation floating in the air.
• Mirage- an optical phenomenon in the atmosphere: refraction of light streams at the boundary between layers of air that are sharply different in density and temperature.
• « Falling star" - an atmospheric phenomenon that occurs when meteoroids enter the Earth's atmosphere
• Hurricane- extremely fast and strong air movement, often of great destructive power and considerable duration
• Tornado- an ascending vortex of extremely quickly rotating air in the form of a funnel of enormous destructive power, in which moisture, sand and other suspended matter are present.
• Ebbs and flows- These are changes in the water level of the sea elements and the World Ocean.
• Tsunami- long and high waves generated by a powerful impact on the entire thickness of water in the ocean or other body of water.
• Earthquake- represent tremors and vibrations of the earth's surface. The most dangerous of them arise due to tectonic displacements and ruptures in the earth's crust or upper mantle of the Earth
• Tornado- an atmospheric vortex that arises in a cumulonimbus (thunderstorm) cloud and spreads down, often to the very surface of the earth, in the form of a cloud arm or trunk with a diameter of tens and hundreds of meters
• Eruption- the process of a volcano throwing hot debris, ash onto the earth's surface, an outpouring of magma, which, pouring onto the surface, becomes lava.
• Floods- flooding of land with water, which is a natural disaster.