Homemade press for apples and grapes. Types of apple presses and how to make them yourself? Screw presses for squeezing juice

Presses existed in ancient Egypt, with their help they squeezed grapes from which wine was made. Such units operate on a cyclic basis: the beginning of work is the loading of the product, and the end of work is the disposal of dry waste. In private households of the 21st century, presses are in demand, and they differ little in their principle from those that worked in the time of the pharaohs.

Types of structures and their principle of operation

A press that allows you to squeeze juice with high quality is necessary in a private household. Factory-made juicers do not have such advantages as a do-it-yourself press. The economic factor is also important, because a good juicer from a branded manufacturer costs a decent amount. Press designs are divided according to the principle of pressing into the following types:

• mechanical;
• pneumatic;
• hydraulic.

And also, depending on the principle of energy that is used, the presses are represented by the following varieties:

• manual;
• electromechanical.

Important! It should also be taken into account the fact that vitamins in fruits and vegetables are fragile elements. Such compounds are quickly destroyed by contact with any metal.

It is worth considering an apple press as an example. The main block of any unit is a special container with drilled holes, into which chopped raw materials are placed. In the professional dialect, the original mass is called "pulp". The juice flows down and falls into a special vessel. All parts that are in direct contact with the resulting product are made of wood. In order to increase the efficiency of the pomace, as well as improve the quality of the resulting product, the raw material is loaded into the press in special fabric containers made of burlap, they are a kind of filter. The extrusion process itself takes place thanks to the use of special wooden gratings, which allows you to simultaneously use the entire working mass.

Many experts point out that the press is better to do it yourself. The price of the simplest devices is at least ten thousand rubles. It is important what material the unit is made of, what is its performance.

If the simplest hydraulic drive is used, then the price increases by almost 100%. If there is a membrane element in the press, then its cost will increase by 1000%.

How to make with your own hands?

To make a manual apple garden unit yourself, you will need tools such as:

• saws;
• various wooden elements;
• metal corners;
• bolts with nuts;
• hammers;
• keys;
• wire cutters;
• pliers.

You will also need a stainless steel sheet and wooden elements made of oak, birch, beech or alder. It is imperative to draw design drawings, and samples can be found on the Internet in the public domain. You will need a natural strong fabric with good filtering properties (burlap, cotton). Chipboard in such designs is not recommended, since this material is often impregnated with phenol and formaldehyde.

A manual home-made apparatus in a private household can be welded from iron, such an assembly is easy to quickly assemble on your own. For the stove, which is located at the bottom of the device, it is permissible to use a countertop. It is most rational to purchase a rotating mechanism on a trading platform that sells car parts.

Small hydraulic units are also common in households. The hydraulic press works on the principle of creating pressure due to liquid. In this case, the working cylinder is usually located vertically (sometimes there are horizontal modifications). A hydraulic jack has greater productivity and is capable of creating significant loads - at least one ton, which is quite enough for fruits. Hydraulic "bottle" jacks can process large volumes of raw materials in a short time.

Hydraulic

The operation of the device is based on one of the main physical laws of Pascal. The main structural elements are two working chambers of a cylindrical configuration, which have different parameters. In a small container, increased fluid pressure is generated. It is fed through a special overpass into the chamber, which is much larger in size, thus causing pressure on the piston.

The piston is the main unit, which directly exerts a significant force on the mass loaded into the container. Most often, special oils are used as working fluids.

The hydraulic press can also work using a special elastic barrel. It will expand in volume under the influence of liquid. When expanding, the membrane acts on the raw material, which is folded into a perforated container. The hydraulic press can be connected to the water supply, the membrane expands in the perforated cylinder itself, which makes it possible to squeeze out all the liquid contents from the pulp as much as possible.

The pressure should correspond to 1.4–2.1 atmospheres, which corresponds to the technical data of the networks. If there are large volumes of material, then you will definitely need a press with an electric drive.

The collection container is lined with filters from the inside, raw materials are placed in it, covered with a cloth. A circle descends onto the outer part of the cover, it acts on the press when the rod moves. The required pressure can be created using a compressor. To collect juice, enameled dishes are most often involved, into which a special tube is sealed so that the product flows through it. A tank from a washing machine is often placed in the inner area.

It is also necessary to create additional perpendicular crossbars to give additional rigidity so that it is possible to place the container in the central part.

It is important to monitor the pressure, it should be distributed to all points of the pulp with equal effort.

The cavity can be filled with special filter envelopes that are placed flat. A special fixing round device (can be made of wood) is placed under the container so that the pressure cannot deform the main container. Without much effort, such a screw press is able to squeeze out up to two liters of fresh juice in 4–7 minutes. The material that perfectly withstands great pressure is burlap, and old nylon tights are also often used.

It should be noted that the design of the hydraulic unit, made independently, can be quickly adapted to solve the problem that is required at the moment. Such a device takes up a minimum of space. A home press is capable of creating pressure up to twenty tons to make juices, this is quite enough.

Screw

The screw unit has the ability to squeeze out up to three buckets of juice in one hour, which is quite enough for the needs of one family. A very convenient device is a manual screw press. It does not have high performance, however, the unit can work quite efficiently. Often this type of press is done in private households. The screw mechanism can press from the upper plane with the help of a rotating screw.

If you design a press where there is a lower fixation, then more effort will be required, such an apparatus is more complicated, in it the screw upper block only fixes the lid, no more. The main effort comes from below, the dynamic platform lifts the tank up.

If it is not possible to make a screw pair, then most often a jack is used. Bags of filter material are placed between the wooden elements. The product to be processed is placed between special wooden frames, the juice flows into a container.

The screw piston can be replaced with a plastic membrane, and a compressor can be connected so that the most difficult part of the work is done by air under pressure. Such a unit is called a pneumatic press. Often, car jacks are used to generate the required pressure; they can create a force of up to 3.5 tons. It can be mounted both from above and from below, which depends on the general structure of the unit itself.

The pressure is quite significant, which should be taken into account when choosing a fabric. It should be pretty solid. The advantage of such a unit is that there is no metal here. The tree can be anything, only non-coniferous, so as not to add too much flavor.

A rather original unit is also practiced, which is called a wedge press. The product is placed in a cone-shaped wooden container. Decreasing the angle with the moving wedges causes them to move towards the joint. The bag with the product is compressed, the juice, squeezing out, flows into the vessel. This press has the following advantages:

• the design is simple;
• economically viable;
• easy to store and install;
• fairly high performance;
• The unit is easy to disassemble, clean and dry.

An example is a press made in Turkey. The frame is made of cast iron, and the inside is silver plated. The product is choked using a lever-type mechanism. The work is silent, it is possible to extract up to 75% of useful material from the product in a very short time. It is designed for pomegranate, apples, pears as well as citrus fruits.

Auger

Such presses operate on the principle of a meat grinder. They have a rotating axis, which is made like a spiral, due to which the processed mass in the tank is ground and gradually moves inside the unit. As a result, it rests against the grate, the new mass creates excess pressure from behind, and the juice is squeezed out. Such a device has the following advantages:

• lack of vibration and background noise;
• you can get juices from any vegetables and fruits;
• simplicity and reliability of the machine.

Citrus fruits are considered the most labor-intensive product. The screw unit crushes the contents of the fruit, the juice seeps through a special sieve. The cone-shaped configuration makes it possible to carry out all the work qualitatively, removing waste at the same time.

As a chopper, it is best to use a mechanical assembly in the form of a cylinder. Its walls should be made according to the principle of a grater. Using a similar element, the fruits become small crumbs within a few minutes. And there are also shredders that can operate from the electrical network, the productivity of such devices is high, but in a private household they are not very in demand.

The grinder can be a separate device or a block that is mounted in a press installation. The filter is made from several layers of burlap, as well as perforated plates and a wooden sieve.

Each type of fruit has its own technical indicators, respectively, different efforts are spent on processing a particular product. When working with a device such as a press, it should be borne in mind that the pressure builds up gradually, while some pauses are made. This approach makes it possible to maximize the opening of cellular capillaries, which in turn "takes out" all the useful components from the cellular tissue of the product.

The simple design of a home press makes it possible to squeeze up to 75% of juice from any product. To decide on the choice of a hydraulic jack, you should understand exactly what tasks need to be solved using it. This will tell you the design principle of a manual hydraulic press, as well as the level of pressure that it can create.

How to create a press for apples with your own hands, see below.

Today we will talk about how to independently make a press for squeezing juice from fruits, berries and vegetables or a homemade juicer with your own hands. We will also consider the technologies and drawings of home-made presses and juicers with illustrative illustrations.

There are various designs of juice presses. The main home-made designs are screw or using a jack. A good option when using a pneumatic jack or a rubber chamber and a compressor. There are options for using a centrifuge, for example, an old washing machine. The press or juicers should not crush the seeds and ridges that are in the pulp.

Depending on the expected volumes of processing of raw materials for juice or wine, choose the design of the device for squeezing juice that you like. The cooking process in any case is divided into two stages: 1. Preparation of pulp (grinding raw materials); 2. Actually the extraction itself is getting juice.

Screw structures of the press for squeezing juice

Usually the press consists of a pressing mechanism, a basket, a base and a pressing board. The basket serves as a pulp receiver and is installed on the base of the press. There is also a tray for flowing juice. The bottom and side walls of the basket are lined with a whole piece of burlap without gaps. The ends of the fabric should hang over the edges of the basket. Then the pulp is loaded into the basket and covered with the ends of the burlap. A wooden circle is placed on top, on which the head of the press is lowered.

Here is an example of another homemade juice press. The press consists of two rack-pipes with a diameter of 22 mm. From above, a U-shaped profile bent from 3 mm steel is welded to the pipes. The height of the profile is chosen in such a way that the screw nut pressed into the steel bushing is freely placed inside. A clamp is welded to the bottom of each rack. With the help of these two clamps, the press is attached to the windowsill. A head with a hole for a handle is welded to the screw on one side, and on the other, a stop is attached, which compresses the raw material.

To collect the squeezed juice, a leaky 3-4 liter enamel pan is suitable (Fig. a). It is necessary to drill a hole in the bottom and fix a fitting with a hose in it to collect the juice.
The basket is made of stainless steel sheet 2 mm thick, bandages-rings made of stainless wire with a diameter of 4 mm are welded to it from above and below. The rings allow the basket to "evenly" fit inside the pan. The walls of the pan are perforated with a drill with a diameter of 3 mm (in random order).

The spacers, which separate the portions of the raw material loaded into the basket, consist of two discs of 2 mm stainless steel, connected by spot welding. Holes were drilled in the disks with a drill with a diameter of 3 mm, gaskets 4 mm thick were provided between the disks (gaskets are also made of stainless steel). In general, all parts of the screw press are made of stainless steel; a tank from an old washing machine is quite suitable.

The work of squeezing the juice is as follows. The press body is fixed with clamps on the windowsill in the kitchen (you can also install the press on the table). The screw with the stop is unscrewed to the stop. A basket is placed in the pan, and a gasket is placed on the bottom of the latter and a napkin made of durable fabric is placed on it. Next, crushed raw materials (apples, fruits, herbs, berries) are placed on a napkin in an amount of 0.5 ... 1 kg.

The napkin is folded into an envelope, the portion is covered with a drainage pad, on which the next napkin is placed. There should be 3 such packages, while the top package can rise above the pan by 4 ... 6 cm. Putting a gasket on the top package, the pan is installed under the press screw. Yes, I completely forgot to say about the spacer (a circle of wood), which is placed under the basket (otherwise the pan may become unusable when the screw is tightened).

When creating pressure, the screw must be turned slowly and smoothly, watching the juice flow out. Having finished squeezing the juice, the screw is turned up, the pan is transferred to the table, the cake is removed from the napkins. Depending on the type and quality of raw materials, in one cycle, using a home-made screw press for squeezing juice, it is possible to squeeze 1.2 ... 1.8 liters of juice, and in 1 hour - up to 12 ... 15 liters.

wedge fruit juice press

It is necessary to arrange wooden goats on four legs B 1 m high. At the top, these legs are connected by a thick (9-10 cm) board A, the width of which is 30 cm and a length of about 1 m. In the board we make a longitudinal slot D 10-12 cm wide and 40 cm. In this slot we insert two boards B (thickness 9-10 cm), hewn from above and below. In the lower part, we connect both boards with an iron bracket b or, even simpler, with a thick rope.

In order for the boards to hold and not fall into the slot, we skip iron pins or wooden bushings in their upper part. Then we make several wedges of different thicknesses from hardwoods - and the press is ready. It works like this: having parted boards B, we insert a bag of strong canvas filled with pulp between them. Then, driving wedges into the slot, we squeeze the boards. Thus, the pulp is strongly compressed. The juice flows down into the substituted tub or pot.

Making a simple lever juicer

We take two birch boards, the length of the main board is 1 m, the width is 300 mm, the thickness is 100 mm. The second board, which serves as a lever, is 1.5 m long, 170 mm wide and 20 mm thick. In the main board we make grooves for draining the juice (Fig. a) 10-15 mm deep and 300 mm long. We strengthen this board obliquely either on separate racks or on a special table. To it, with the help of a hinge and a gasket board, we attach a second lever board. Got a lever press. We put 4-5 apples or some other fruits in the opening, press the lever, and the juice flows down the grooves into the substituted container.

Nowadays, more and more often, self-taught masters are asking the question: “How to make a grape press with your own hands?” Growing grapes in your garden plot is simple, simple, the berry is unpretentious in care, it grows quickly. Having built a press for him, one could harvest juice for the winter or brew his own homemade wine.

A press with a basket of twenty liters is quite suitable for reaping juice from overripe grapes for wine.

Option one.

What is the press made of?

We will make a screw type press and it will consist of:

Screw. It is good if it is rectangular, powerful and has a thread.

Basket. By the way, it can be made from parquet boards. Which then needs to be pulled together with stainless hoops.
.
Advice:

And if suddenly your local market does not suddenly have a strip of stainless metal of the thickness you need, in this case, grab the corners on the way home. After all, they can also fasten parquet boards.

The design of our press will be, so to speak, self-sufficient. That is, the finished press will be without stands, on legs. A nut will be attached from above, and the screw rod will be screwed into it. There will be a basket in the frame itself, the must with pulp or grapes will be loaded into it

We make a basket.

We buy a couple of dozen parquet boards: length - 320 cm, width - 50 cm and a thickness of 1.5 cm. We buy a metal strip, 1 mm thick. Many people buy metal corners from stainless steel. In this case, they will need a couple of pieces of two meters each.
We remove the grooves from the boards with a cutter. Well, this operation can even be called useless if you have a dishwasher. Since in this case, with the help of her brush, everything is perfectly washed. But if there is no car, so that the grooves do not get dirty, it is better to cut them off.
Now you need stainless steel screws. We attach them to the corners, the gap is no more than 12 mm. Then, with the help of a grinder, we cut a corner between the boards. We bend the edges. We make holes for the bolts in them.

You will need an insert, its diameter corresponds to the diameter of the basket. The piston is placed on the grape pulp.

The height of the basket is 32 cm. The diameter inside is 29 cm. The estimated volume is 21 liters exactly.

So, we continue the topic of how to make a grape press.

Now you need to buy:

Corners in 25 mm;

Drills, 6.2 mm in diameter;

Several M6 bolts;

Nuts to bolts.

We assemble the frame of the press.

Please note that it is necessary (!!!) to place boards under the screw, on top of the circle.

The screw can be ordered from a turner, or you can build it yourself if you have the appropriate skills.

Screw parameters: diameter - 30 mm, pitch - 3 mm, nut, disk with holes for fastening, welded.

More details:

A small piece of plywood, as a stand for the press;

Plastic bowl. We make a hole in it, put a tube in the hole.

Of course, everything can be done with a welding machine, but if there is none, and if there is no experience with this device, then the question immediately arises of how to make a grape press without welding. This is where the idea came to mind, to make a press on the bolts.

You can safely cook the parts with an inventory, right in your apartment on the balcony.

Design flaw.

Option two.

Step one.

In order to harvest grape juice right at home, to make jelly, juice, wine and other things, you will need a press. How to make a press for grapes, we will now tell.

You need a roller crusher. You can also make it yourself, for example, from a loading bucket. The berry will fall into this crusher. It is better to build it from a wooden frame. We add a couple of rollers to the frame, also made of wood, a handle for rotation. We fix all elements with bearings.

Step two.

We prepare all the details. We make a frame from bars: length - 70 cm, cross section - 4 by 10 cm. Frame width - look at the length of the rollers, since the width depends entirely on how long your rollers will be. The optimal size can be called 20 cm. When constructing the structure, make sure that the distance between the bars is the same.

Step three.

For the press, the rolls must be made corrugated, 3 cm deep. The corrugation can be made helical, in this case, we direct the shift to the side by a couple of cm. Next, we fasten the rolls to the frame with bearings. They will spin on different axes and at different speeds.

Step four.

With the same diameter of the wool, it is necessary to make the diameter of the rolls different. What does it give? The speed of movement in a circle will be different. For such a press, a wooden bucket is needed, where grapes will be loaded. Choose a pyramid shape.

Step five.

We put the bucket on the frame rails. Our slats must be transverse. The distance between the bucket and the roller is minimal, better, no more than a centimeter. Ready. It's time to secure the handle for rotation. With its help, the grinding of raw materials and the pressure of the juice will be carried out.

Step six.

At the bottom of the structure we put a vessel for collecting juice.

We load the berries into a ladle, from there they pour onto the rolls. We rotate the handle, the berries are crushed and crushed until a puree is obtained.

Step seven.

We remove the berries from the bunch. Rinse well under running water. And only then upload it to the press. And when the juice is ready, wash the press with water and dry it with a soft towel or napkin. If it is not properly cared for, the wood will simply begin to rot.

If the trees in the country in the season bend under the weight of fruits that require urgent processing, you should take care of the presence of a juicer. This problem also arises among winemakers, among whom there are no people willing to process berries manually. It is quite possible to make a juice press on your own, eliminating additional expenses for the purchase of equipment, which is quite expensive today.

Operating principle

Screw types can be made using different technologies; in the process, parts are used like old containers, cisterns from washing machines, as well as pots and planks. In some cases, structures are performed using a jack. If we are talking about a traditional device for obtaining juice, then the device provides for the following components: a thrust mechanism, a basket, a pressing body, and a base. The basket must be placed on the base, placing a tray under it for receiving juice. In the last of these elements, a chute is provided, under which a juice collector is installed.

Making a press with your own hands

Initially, it will be necessary to prepare the base and frame, which are made of a metal profile. To make a juice press, you will need to form the top of the frame, which should be horizontal. For this element, the most durable and rigid profile is selected, which has thick walls. This will prevent bending of the components under load. A sheet of plywood is laid on the base, on which a tank and a pallet are installed. In order to exclude corrosion of the frame, it is necessary to cover the surface with a layer of paint. As for plywood, it is varnished.

Pallet preparation

If you decide to make a juice press yourself, then you will need to prepare a pallet, it can be an element of the same name from a large-diameter pot. It will only be necessary to cut a hole in the side and paste a plastic tube into it, with the help of which the juice will flow into the receiver. When working with a pallet, you need to act very carefully, as the product can easily break if it is accidentally hooked or something is dropped on its surface. This also applies to operation, since the tube can be torn out by negligence. In order not to worry about this, it is best to use a pallet made of stainless steel.

Tank manufacturing

A juice press must have a tank available, which can be made by a galvanized craftsman. When choosing a material, you should stock up on planed pine timber, it should not be glued, you can easily find such lumber in any hardware store. The tank will turn out from a bar, the cross section of which should be equal to 20x40 millimeters. The gap between the elements of this product should not be more than 5 millimeters. Due to the fact that wood contains essential oils, as well as resins and glycosides, it is best to use an indifferent biological material like natural wood as a material for the tank, it can be birch, beech, or oak. As for pine, it is usually not used when making a manual juice press. This is due to the fact that the material contains resins, the content of which can somewhat affect the taste of the juice.

Piston manufacturing

When doing a do-it-yourself juice press, you will need to make a square of two layers of boards, which should be perpendicular to each other. In this case, self-tapping screws should be used as fasteners. The resulting square will allow you to get a piston, while you will need to use an electric jigsaw. It is important to make such an element that would fit in diameter. The pistons should be rounded with a file, which will make it easier to install the elements in the tank. The piston is also made of biologically pure wood species such as beech, birch or oak.

Work on the power element of the device

If you will be made for juice, then you can use a screw as a power element. A jack will do too. In order to receive juice, it will be enough and which is capable of creating an effort equivalent to two tons. Among other things, it is necessary to saw the boards that fit under the jack, this requirement is explained by the fact that the piston stroke will not be enough for the height of the tank, the jack handle will rest against the edge of the barrel.

When a screw manual juice press is made, a traditional galvanized pin can be used for the screw. A handle and a nut are welded to it, in the last of which the screw will turn. To filter the juice, you should use a fairly strong cloth that has a fine mesh. Polyester or lavsan is excellent.

Making a metal press

When doing a juice press with your own hands, you can take a steel structure as a basis. For this, the master will need to have skills in turning or plumbing, as well as be available and be able to control the welding machine. It is based on a stainless steel tank, borrowed from an old washing machine. Two cylindrical containers are made from it, devoid of a bottom. The diameter of these products should be 23 and 29 centimeters, and the height will be the same, equivalent to 24 centimeters. In a smaller diameter cylinder, you need to make holes, placing them in a checkerboard pattern. Their diameter should be 8 millimeters. The inner container, which will become the basket, is necessary for loading fruits, while the outer one is for juice.

When a juicer is being pressed, it is important to place a rectangular tray under the cylinders, which is made of stainless steel and has dimensions of 30x50 centimeters. The sides of the pallet must have a triangular bevel, which is necessary for draining the juice. A 21mm flange will act as a poisson. Its fixation must be rigid, it must be installed on the lower part of the rod.

If you decide to make a juice press yourself, then you need to weld a head with a hole that is necessary for the lever to the top of the poisson. With the help of the last element, the thrust mechanism will be actuated. In tandem with the screw, a nut will work, which is installed on the U-shaped frame. The latter is fixed to the base, if necessary, it can be concreted into the floor or fixed to the table with screws.

Basic Secrets

If you use in your work when making a juice press, then you do not have to grind the nut, but you need to ensure sufficient strength to the base. It is in it that the mechanism that is designed to lift the car will rest. When using a frame-type wooden press, it will be possible to operate the device without a basket. The steel element in it will be a screw with a nut and gratings that fit between the bags of raw materials.

The end of summer, the beginning of autumn is the time for picking fruits, vegetables, apples, grapes. And if the harvest is large, then an ordinary electric juicer will not cope. In this case, you need a press to squeeze juice from fruits to give. Now there are a lot of offers on the network for various presses and crushers, hydraulic, screw, pneumatic, wooden, but the biggest disadvantage of these products is the high price. Making a juice press with your own hands is not difficult, you need small skills of a locksmith, welder. And the cost of a home-made press for grapes or apples is several times lower than the purchased one.

For the winemaker, such a device will facilitate his work and save a lot of time. The simplest version of a home press-juicer is based on squeezing juice from the pulp of fruits or vegetables. Previously, apples are crushed with special crushers, a grape crusher is used, and then juice is squeezed out of this mass. With this technology, pure juice without pulp comes out, ready for fermentation, or for pasteurization and further storage.

A simple do-it-yourself grape press

A screw press for grapes consists of: a base - a frame, a basket, a pressure device (shaft or jack), a pressing piston. Other options for manufacturing the device are also possible. When choosing a material, it is not necessary to follow the description exactly, and you can make your own drawings of a Persian.

Tools and materials for the press:

• Welding machine;
• Drill;
• Bulgarian;
• Tank - 50 liters;
• Metal channel 10-12 mm - 150 mm;
• Metal corner 40-50 mm - 3200 mm;
• Oak slats 40x25x400 mm - 50 pcs;
• Fabric - 1 sq.m;
• Jack - 1 pc;
• Faucet - 1 piece;
• Fishing line 2 mm - 3 m.

How to make a juice press

1. Frame. The base is one of the most important elements of the press, the frame must be a very strong structure, it bears all the load during operation. The side parts of the press are made of metal corners 85 mm high. The upper and lower parts of the frame must be made from a channel 70 cm long, you can further strengthen the structure by welding scarves between the corners and the channel. All parts are welded at all points of contact.
If a screw press design is used, then a nut for the screw must be welded to the upper channel. In addition to the metal frame, you can use wooden boards with a thickness of 5 centimeters or more. The boards are fastened with 10-12 mm studs and tightened with nuts. It is easier to make a wooden press, but the design does not withstand heavy loads; for a small crop, it is quite a suitable option. The finished frame must be sanded and painted with a special paint for metal.

2. Tank for the press. This design uses a stainless steel brew tank with a volume of 50 liters. A hole was drilled in the lower part of the boiler tank and a stainless steel tap was installed. Instead of a tank, you can use a regular pot of a suitable size.
A lattice of oak slats is inserted into the container. The blanks are cut from an oak board (you can use a parquet board), their height is equal to the height of the pan. Along the edges at the ends of the rails, holes of 2-3 mm are drilled through them, a fishing line or stainless wire is passed through them. By connecting all the planks, you get a kind of basket.
There should be a gap of 2-3 mm between the slats, through which fruit juice will ooze. You can do without a pan at all by connecting the boards with galvanized steel hoops and placing the basket on a tray into which the squeezed liquid will drain.
As a pallet, a plastic pallet from a large flower pot or a stainless steel kitchen sink can be used. There is a design where the grape press is made frame, there is no basket in it, the cake is placed in the fabric between the drainage grates in several layers and choked.

3.Piston. The piston for the press must be made from the remaining oak boards, folding them crosswise, using a compass, draw a circle of the desired size and cut it out with an electric jigsaw. Twist the rails with stainless steel screws or tie with copper, stainless wire. If the farm has a log, then you can saw off a circle of the required diameter and height.

4. Power mechanism. A jack or screw is used as a pressure mechanism in an apple press. A hydraulic car jack with a lifting capacity of 3 tons will be quite enough in a juice extractor. For more confident work, you can use jacks that create a force equal to more than 3 tons. The screw for the press is more difficult to find, and every motorist has a jack. Under the jack, you need to cut planks for laying during the spin cycle.

5. Fabric for filtering. To filter the juice from apple fruits, you need a durable fabric that can pass moisture. The easiest option is to take a nylon sugar bag. Nylon, lavsan, propylene, polyester are also suitable for filtering, or use durable cotton material, dense linen, so as not to tear under pressure.

So, the manual fruit press is ready, how to squeeze the juice? Insert the basket into the tank, place the material to be filtered inside. Soft fruits, berries, citrus fruits are crushed without pre-treatment. Apples, carrots or other hard fruits must be crushed in a crusher or use pulp from a juicer, loaded into a basket, covered with a lid.

Install the jack, substitute the receiving container, open the tap and slowly press. Do not immediately try to squeeze out all the juice, you can damage the frame or the fabric will tear. Do three or four strokes, wait a while, then three or four more strokes, and so on. From one bucket of apple cake from a juicer, 3-4 liters of pure juice comes out, a little more from the crushed mass.

If you do not have a juicer on the farm, and every year in the country there is a large harvest of apples from which you need to make juice, then you need a mechanical press. A similar situation arises among wine lovers who do not want to manually crush juicy berries or trample them. Home craftsmen offer to make a do-it-yourself press for fruit processing. In this article, we will look at how to make a do-it-yourself apple press.

Types and principles of operation of juice presses

Devices that are designed for the production of juice are divided into several types:

• mechanical devices;
• hydraulic units;
• electrohydraulic devices;
• pneumatic mechanisms.

Mechanical

The most common option is a mechanical screw press. At first glance, you can understand the principle of operation of such a unit. Grapes, crushed fruits or berries are poured into the container of the device with holes. After that, by turning the handle, a screw is actuated, which lowers the flat piston. Thus, the juice is squeezed out and flows through the holes located in the casing into the tray, after which it enters the prepared jars or other containers.

Important! For the production of the casing, stainless steel is used or solid beech wood is used, from which the drainage version of the grate is made. The product consists of two halves, which are interconnected by metal hoops.

Hydraulic

A modernized version of the mechanical unit is a manual hydraulic press for processing apples and grapes. It does not have a perforated container for separating juice. Instead, several drainage frames made of wood are used, between which bags with crushed raw materials are laid out.

The manual version of the hydraulic jack is capable of developing a large force, corresponding to from 1 to 5 tons, due to which 70% of the juice from the volume of the originally laid fruit is obtained.

Important! Hydraulic press Grifon (Griffin) has an original way of squeezing. It does not have a hydraulic jack. The developers have introduced a powerful “barrel” membrane. The pressure of tap water is 1.5-2 atm. expands the membrane, due to which the juice is squeezed out through the casing wall, which is perforated.

Pneumatic

The pneumatic press operates on exactly the same principle. The fruit extrusion membrane is filled with compressed air from a compressor, not water.

Important! All juice presses operate in combination with choppers. The simplest mechanism is a steel grater drum, which is placed in a casing with a loading neck. When the handle is turned, the process of functioning of the grinder occurs, in which the fruit turns into a very small crumb-pulp.

Electro-hydraulic

A more advanced option is a mechanism with an electric drive. This device is characterized by a minimum of physical effort and a maximum of productivity.

Which press to choose?

Mechanical presses have a small capacity, which corresponds to 10-30 liters per hour. For the processing of berries, fruits and grapes grown in summer cottages, such equipment is enough, so you can safely make such a press for squeezing juice with your own hands.

To increase the amount of juice produced and its quality, you can use two methods:

• the use of container bags for crushed fruits;
• the use of wooden drainage grates or stainless steel “pancakes”.

Important! Both options help to improve the removal of juice from the middle of the volume, which is compressed. Lack of drainage leads to the fact that the middle part of the crushed fruit is squeezed out much worse compared to the upper and lower layers. An additional positive point from the use of bags is the possibility of releasing the juice from the pulp.

With a large number of berries or fruits that need to be processed, an electric drive is used. In this case, two types of equipment are used:

• traditional screw device, which is driven by a combination of "electric motor-hydraulic jack";
• screw press, which operates on the principle of a meat grinder.

A screw press juicer with an electric motor connected to it is used as a processing device for processing grapes, berries and tomatoes. The screw unit pushes the crushed raw materials through a sieve, as a result, juice with a large amount of pulp is formed at the exit.

A simple do-it-yourself grape press

Screw press for grape processing includes:

• base, the so-called frame;
• basket;
• a pressure device, the so-called jack or screw;
• pressing piston.

Important! There are other options for manufacturing the mechanism. In the process of manufacturing the device, you can use both pre-prepared sketches of the press, and independently prepare drawings.

Materials and tools for making a press:

• Bulgarian;
• welding machine;
• tank for 50 liters;
• drill;
• tap;
• metal channel with dimensions of 10-12 mm - 150 mm;
• jack;
• metal corner, having a size of 40-50 mm - 3200 mm;
• oak slats 40x25x400 mm in the amount of 50 pieces;
• a piece of fabric about one meter;
• fishing line 2 mm about 3 m.

Consider the process of making a press for apples with your own hands.

Frame

The base is one of the important elements of the device, which must have strength properties and be a strong structure, since during operation the entire main load falls on the frame:

• For the side parts of the press, we use metal corners with a height of 85 mm.
• We make the upper and lower parts of the base from a metal channel, which has a length of about 70 cm.

For strength, you can use additional reinforcement of the structure by welding scarves between the corners and the channel, while welding all the joints together.

Important! In the case of using the design of a screw press, a nut for the screw is welded to the upper channel. In addition to the metal frame, you can also use wooden boards with a thickness of more than 5 cm. We fix the boards with 10-12 mm studs and tighten them with nuts. A wooden device is much easier to manufacture than a metal unit, but a wooden structure is not able to withstand heavy loads. This press is quite suitable for a small amount of raw materials. After manufacturing, the frame should be sanded, and then painted with a special paint for metal.

Press tank:

• For this design, we use a cooking tank made of stainless steel with a volume of up to 50 liters.
• We drill a hole in the bottom of the tank and install a stainless faucet.

Important! In the absence of a tank, an ordinary pan of a suitable size is quite suitable.

• We insert a grate of oak laths into the boiler tank.
• For blanks, we use an oak or parquet board, the height of which corresponds to the height of the pan.
• At the ends of the rails along the edges, we drill holes with a size of 2-3 mm, through which we stretch a stainless wire or fishing line.
• By connecting all the planks together, we get a structure resembling a basket.

Important! During the manufacturing process, it is necessary to control that there is a gap of 2-3 mm between the slats, through which the juice from the prepared fruit will pass.

The design can be made without a pan:

• To do this, we connect the boards with galvanized steel boards and place the basket on a pallet, which serves to drain the squeezed liquid.
• Also, as a tray in a do-it-yourself juice press, you can use a plastic tray for a large flower pot or a kitchen sink made of stainless steel.
• There is a design variant in which the grape press is made as a frame in which there is no basket. Between the drainage grates, the cake from the used fruits is laid out in several layers of fabric and crushed until the juice is formed.

Piston:

1. Using a compass, draw a circle of the desired diameter and cut out the remaining oak boards folded crosswise with an electric jigsaw.
2. We twist the rails with stainless screws or connect them with stainless copper wire.

Important! You can also use a log, sawing off a circle of the required diameter and height.

Power mechanism

In the apple processing press, a screw or jack is used as a pressure mechanism.

Important! This design can also use a hydraulic car jack with a lifting capacity of 3 tons. For a better process, jacks are used that are capable of creating a force corresponding to 3 tons.

Every motorist has a jack in the household, but finding a screw for the press is not so easy. It is necessary to saw the boards under the jack, which will be used during the juice extraction procedure.

filter cloth

To filter juice from apple fruits, you need to use a durable cloth that can pass moisture. The easiest option is to use a nylon sugar bag.

Important! For the filtration process, you can also use such durable materials that can withstand heavy loads and not tear under pressure:

• lavsan;
• capron;
• propylene;
• thick linen;
• durable cotton material.

The use of a homemade press

Do-it-yourself manual fruit processing press is ready for use, now let's look at how the process of squeezing juice from prepared fruits takes place:

• We insert the basket into the tank, put the appropriate material for filtering inside.

Important! Soft berries, fruits and citrus fruits do not need pre-treatment before the crushing procedure. Carrots, apples or other hard fruits require crushing in a crusher or the use of pulp from a juicer, after which they are loaded into a basket and covered with a lid.

• Installing a jack.
• Substitute the receiving container.
• We open the tap.
• We start pushing slowly.

Important! Do not use force and try to squeeze out all the juice at once, as the filter cloth may tear or the frame will be damaged. You need to make 2-3 strokes, wait for a while, then do 2-3 strokes again, and slowly squeeze out the juice.

If you use one bucket of apple cake from a juicer, then you will get about 3-4 liters of pure juice, in the case of crushed mass, you get a slightly higher yield of the finished product.

Steel wine press

In order to make such a simple, at first glance, mechanism, it is necessary to have the skills of turning and plumbing and have a welding machine.

How to make a steel grape press with your own hands:

• From an unnecessary washing unit from a stainless tank, we independently cut out two options for cylindrical containers without a bottom, having a diameter of 23 cm and 29 cm. The height of the blanks corresponds to 24 cm.
• In a smaller cylinder, we drill holes with a diameter of 8 mm in a checkerboard pattern.

Important! The inner container - a basket - is used to load grapes, and the outer one is used for juice.

• Under the cylinders we place a rectangular stainless steel pallet with dimensions of 30x50 cm, which has sides and a triangular bevel in the narrow part of the product.
• In the outer cylinder, we make a cutout for draining the juice.
• A flange with a diameter of 21 cm plays the role of a punch, which we attach in a rigid form to the lower section of the rod with a rectangular or trapezoidal thread. For this purpose, you can use a screw from a water valve. At the top, we weld a head to the flange, which has a hole for the lever, thanks to which the thrust mechanism will function.

Important! To reduce the pressure on the sides of the press, it is recommended to perforate the thrust flange with a 4 mm drill.

• The nut, which is welded into the U-shaped frame, works together with the screw. The frame must be rigidly connected to the base, for this, with the help of screws, we attach it to the table or concrete it into the floor.

Important! In order for the basket to be located in the central place of the outer container, bandage rings must be welded at the top and bottom of the basket.

Consider the process of functioning of a press for processing grapes made by hand:

1. Load the grapes into the inner pot.
2. Tighten the screw with a lever.
3. When the extraction process begins, we rotate the screw more slowly, while controlling the output of juice.
4. We unscrew the screw in the opposite direction when the grapes are pressed.

The manufactured structure can be used not only for processing grapes, but also for obtaining juice from apples and other fruits.

Important! To get the maximum amount of juice, the prepared raw materials must be crushed into crumbs or grind into a meat grinder. We wrap the prepared pulp in napkins made of durable material, while servings should not exceed 2 kg, the number of layers should be about three. They must be separated by drainage pads made of perforated stainless steel discs, which are welded in pairs and are 2 mm thick. Between them there are thrust rings having a thickness of 4 mm.

Wooden apple press

The previous model is a reliable option, but it has some disadvantages. So, it is very difficult to weld a thin stainless material. In addition, special equipment and electrodes are required. You can simplify this design option by making a basket of boards yourself, and parquet ones may well come up.

In order to make a working mechanism with a capacity of 20 liters, it is required to prepare 20 boards with dimensions of 320x50x15 mm.

How to make a fruit press with your own hands from wood:

• Using self-tapping screws, the boards are attached to two stainless strips having 0.5-1 mm. The distance between the boards should be 10-12 mm.
• Then the strips are bent, their ends are connected with stainless bolts. The resulting basket has a diameter of 29 cm and a height of 32 cm.
• A wooden circle with a diameter of 27 cm acts as a punch.

Important! If planks are placed under the screw, then it is not at all necessary to use a thrust flange.

• In the lower part of the basket, along the entire contour, a drain chute is laid for the juice to exit.

Important! As a pallet, you can use an ordinary plastic bowl, in which a hole is drilled into which a tube is inserted.

• Apples are cut into small pieces, wrapped in cheesecloth and placed in a basket. During the working cycle, about 3.5-4 liters of juice are produced.

Important! In order to increase the pressure of the press at the time of lowering the press, boards are laid between the layers.

1. To make a homemade juicer, instead of a screw, you can use a car jack, then you do not need to look for a nut. But in this case, it will be necessary to provide a solid base structure, against which the device designed to lift the car rests.
2. The frame wooden press can function without the use of a basket. Drainage grates and screw with nut are metal elements in this press, which are laid between the bags of raw materials. The made pallet in this case should have high sides so that the juice from grapes and other berries does not splash on all sides.
3. To reuse bag wipes, rinse thoroughly with water. If there was a long break between processing processes, the napkins need to be boiled.
4. Berries and pulp should only be wrapped in a damp cloth to prevent an unpleasant odor.
5. The resulting cake from pears and apples is thrown away; they do not have special value. Fruit pomace and jelly can be prepared from berry pomace.
6. At the end of the preparation of juice from grapes, the wooden basket must be thoroughly washed with an ordinary dishwasher brush, and then scalded with boiling water.

footage

Now you are armed with several options and schemes to make a press for apples, grapes and other berries, fruits with your own hands. Choose the system for the manufacture of which you have all the necessary materials, skills, then no difficulties will arise, and you will be able to process your crop with ease.