Unified qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and other employees (CEN), 2019
Section "Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of nuclear energy organizations"
The section is approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of December 10, 2009 N 977

Technician for instrumentation and automation

Job responsibilities. Provides operation, maintenance and repair of instrumentation and automation equipment (I&C), unity, reliability and the required accuracy of measurements when monitoring the parameters of technological processes and the quality of products. Carries out control over the technical condition and safe operation of equipment, metrological supervision over the condition and use of measuring instruments, compliance with metrological rules and norms, regulatory documents to ensure the uniformity of measurements. Organizes the development and control of the implementation of repair and maintenance schedules for measuring instruments, automation and computer technology. Participates in the development of contracts for the repair and maintenance of measuring instruments, automation and computer technology, monitors their implementation. Develops plans for the manufacture of measuring instruments, automation and spare parts for them. Provides organizational and methodological assistance on the modernization of measuring instruments. Controls the implementation of preventive maintenance schedules, the production program for the repair of measuring instruments, automation and computer equipment, the quality of equipment repairs, the receipt of measuring instruments and automation at the request of the organization's divisions, the manufacture of instruments, products and spare parts at the request of the organization's divisions. Participates in the work of commissions for the metrological audit of the organization's divisions. Participates in determining the structure of repair cycles, the frequency of repairs and verification of newly introduced measuring instruments, automation and computer technology. Makes requests for spare parts, materials, tools, measuring instruments, automation.

Must know: laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, methodological and regulatory documents for the operation, maintenance and repair of instrumentation and automation equipment; prospects for the development of I&C schemes and systems; basics of metrology; goals and objectives of metrological support; organization of repair and maintenance of equipment; preventive maintenance system; technical characteristics, design features, purpose and principles of operation of the equipment; basics of production technology; methods and means of measuring the parameters of controlled and measured quantities; the procedure for drawing up applications for equipment, materials, spare parts, tools; fundamentals of economics and labor organization; fundamentals of labor legislation; rules on labor protection and fire safety; internal labor regulations.

Qualification requirements.

Technician for instrumentation and automation category I: secondary vocational (technical) education and work experience as a technician for instrumentation and automation category II for at least 2 years.

Technician for instrumentation and automation Category II: secondary vocational (technical) education and work experience as a technician for instrumentation and automation for at least 2 years.

Technician for instrumentation and automation: secondary vocational (technical) education without presenting requirements for work experience.

They were related because they are stored close to each other in the warehouse, and their treatment is similar. These are all such solid boxes standing on warehouse shelves, and in them, in excellent packaging in preservative grease, are spare parts from equipment that every day, hourly, every minute, every second works for the company. But spare parts do not go into business every day, but only when they are needed. Tools and accessories are also all the necessary things specific to a given production, and some of them are already in operation on the machines or at the machines. And new ones are taken from the warehouse only when the old ones wear out or break.

What is KIP

Instrumentation, control and measuring instruments, are associated with specific activities in production, which consist in measuring various parameters of a product, or a technological process, or some conditions.

What is KIPA

With the automation of production in instrumentation, a lot of new things began to arrive. This is especially true for the production automatic, not automated. These two words differ from each other only in that the participation of a person is assumed in the automated, and in the automatic everything is done by automata. Car factories have entire conveyor lines where everything is assembled by robots. Entire automatic sections, lines, workshops began to appear at different factories ... And this has not surprised us for a long time. Without such automation, it is no longer possible to produce entire groups of goods. For example, integrated circuits are made completely automatically, simply because a person there already cannot help in any way: what is being produced is visible only under a microscope.

The role of a person is reduced to the periodic measurement of some parameters. That's why we added one letter. The abbreviation KIP began to look like KIPiA. The second "and" is a union. Explanation of the abbreviation: "Control and measuring instruments and automation."

It is clear that now the walls of those former spare parts and instrumentation warehouses have long been "parted", figuratively speaking. To store all the spare parts for robots and boxes with devices, no matter how diverse, just as bizarre, there will not be enough rack or two, and Aunt Masha the storekeeper, who gives them out for weekly or monthly prophylaxis. Now, at the factories of firms producing high-tech equipment, there is a KIP automatics service everywhere, which should ensure the uninterrupted operation of all devices and all automation. Actually, this is the basis for ensuring the operation of the production itself. Because as soon as a failure sneaks into the operation of the service, everything will stop. There is no tiny detail from a small device, they forgot to order and buy - and that's it. The company could face huge losses.

The work of the "Kipovtsy" service

The nature of the work of the service for the most part differs from the nature of the rest of the continuous production. The economy of modern enterprises is versatile and multifaceted, and everywhere there are measuring instruments. Therefore, the instrumentation and control service consists of units. Some Kipovites (Kipia-vtsy? - such an abbreviation did not take root, because it does not sound) are engaged in electrical measuring instruments, others are engaged in chemical analysis and devices associated with them, and others are gas analyzers, pressure meters (manometers), temperatures.

By the nature of duties, there are also different specifics: some are engaged in checking instruments in metrological services, others carry out periodic measurements for preventive purposes, others are on duty around the clock in shifts at the automation control panels, monitoring the normativeness of all equipment parameters. If these are furnaces in a boiler room, then it is necessary that the instruments correctly show the temperature, pressure, quality of fuel combustion, and the automation responds normally to all deviations. Likewise in other cases. The task of such a Kipovite is to respond in time to equipment failure and take action. Usually, the automation itself turns on the device instead of the failed one, then the Kipovet must ensure that this disconnected unit is replaced with a suitable one and give the damaged one for repair. The I&C service may also have a repair unit. It receives such damaged blocks and can fix it on its own. It is easy to change what is easy, having your own base of spare parts - a microcircuit, a resistance, a capacitor. Or send for repair to other organizations.

Kipovtsy differ "by rank". The lowest rank of a labor Kipovets is a mechanic of instrumentation and automation. A locksmith can work in instrumentation of any direction and on any basis. If he deals with pipes, then this is a plumber, if an electrician, then an electrician, if mechanics - a mechanic. And he can work in any of the divisions of this service. Beginning Kipovites usually immediately become locksmiths. But even a born electronics engineer can carry this title with pride all his life.

For repair and adjustment, they usually start a staff unit - an instrumentation and automation adjuster. The decoding here is simple, this is just that repair service inside the instrumentation itself. Specialists of a wider profile, since they can deal with everything that is found in modern complex devices: there are sensors on different physical bases, and electronic circuits that require diagnostics and soldering, and microcontrollers that need to be reprogrammed or reflashed. Beginners, of course, are not put here, but in order to gain experience, the instrumentation fitter may well help the adjuster.

Master of KIPiA. It is clear that the master usually organizes the work of a group of Kipovites. But this is usually an experienced specialist, and the training of his wards and the transfer of his rich experience to them is part of his responsibilities.

Instrumentation Engineer. This is the final authority in the service. Dismantling circuits, knowing the latest successful circuit solutions, following the progress in his field. Of course, helping adjusters in difficult cases. It is on him that the duty lies to select data that can help in solving problems, using the entire arsenal of modern information technology.

Equipment

The equipment includes both the actual measuring instruments and all the equipment that provides the measurement process. As well as all the necessary material part: consoles, tables, observation windows. The measurement process is provided by electricity, which means that this also includes power supplies, wiring, shields, and automatic shutdown. Most often, the equipment is much more complex and ingenious than the measuring instruments themselves. In addition, recording or fixing equipment, as well as means of communication and storage, are used to record readings.

Devices

Devices are made to measure certain physical properties, according to physical principles they differ:

1. Meters of physical properties: temperature (thermometers, thermocouples, thermal sensors); flame (flame control).
2. Meters for liquid or gaseous media: pressure (pressure gauges, pressure gauges); liquid level (level gauges); liquid or gas flow (flow meters).
3. Electrical meters: voltmeters, ammeters, counters, transformer voltmeters, bridges, stores, ohmmeters, high-frequency meters.
4. Chemical meters: analyzers, gas analyzers, pH meters.
5. Radiation devices: Geiger counters, dosimeters, detectors.
6. Executive automation devices: electric igniters, manipulators, servomotors.

Service Examples

Management in gas pumping stations is simple, but the physical parameters of the pumped gas must be controlled: pressure, temperature. It depends on many factors, and therefore there are appropriate instrumentation for the operation of the compressor unit, the operability and safety of the line in a given segment (between stations). This task is aimed at automatic control and diagnostic equipment, which also needs to be serviced.

The nature of the physical environment with which one has to deal (electrical currents and voltages) suggests that here the Kipovites must be entirely electricians. Yes, electricians, and even with the qualifications of working in conditions of high, ultra-high and ultra-high voltages, fatal to humans. Only the scale of the structures still obliges to be high-altitude fitters. And in transformers, the circulating oil of the cooling system adds to the specifics of working with high-temperature liquids and oil products.

Conclusion

We are now completely surrounded by devices. In everyday life, automation works in washing machines, washing machines, stoves, irons, and so on. Moreover, the further, the more intelligent automation. There is already the concept of “smart apartment”, “smart home”, “smart site protection”, “smart vacuum cleaner”.

Not only does all this work before our eyes, it can already receive commands from the Internet and act on them. Willy-nilly, every owner, or maybe his even more advanced children, become a bit of a Kipovian. Which can sometimes push them to choose a profession.

Getting to modern large enterprises, you can immediately notice a large number of different sensors, measuring devices, control equipment and other automatic equipment. It is thanks to these devices that operators can receive timely information about how the technological process is proceeding. Regardless of what kind of production the company is engaged in, everywhere there is automatic equipment, the repair of which should be carried out by an instrumentation and control mechanic. What is it - a device for measuring the required chipboard in the production of furniture or temperature sensors that regulate equipment during the smoking of sausages - it does not matter, the main thing is that it works properly. It is this employee who is engaged in all repair and verification work. Specialists of this type are in particular need in metallurgical and oil refineries, as well as in the chemical processing industry.

General information

A lot depends on the well-established operation of control and measuring instruments and automatic equipment in production, including the timeliness of the release of goods, labor safety and the absence of emergency situations. Many are interested in: what is it - an instrumentation and automation fitter? This is an employee who monitors the serviceability of such equipment at the enterprise.

Due to technological progress and the constant change of equipment, this worker is required to constantly develop and improve his skills. Sometimes it requires ingenuity and rationalization of the use of technology. The positive qualities of this specialization are a steady income, the importance of work for society, as well as a great demand for such specialists. Among the shortcomings, the need for constant development of new technologies, the risk of accidents and increased responsibility are most often singled out.

Mechanic of instrumentation and automation - what is it: type and class of profession

This profession is directly related to technology and signs, since it requires a specialist to be able to maintain and use equipment, as well as decipher various diagrams and drawings. As for the class of the profession, this is an executive position, which implies compliance with the algorithms and rules for the technical operation of equipment, instruments and other tools.

Activity

What is it - a mechanic instrumentation and automation? This is a repairer of instrumentation and automation, he is a universal specialist engaged in the repair, maintenance and operation of systems and devices. Among the main tasks of this employee, it is worth highlighting the repair and verification work, certification of devices and ensuring the smooth operation of all equipment that is installed in panels, circuits and consoles. As a workplace for this specialist, a table with current sources is allocated, and it also includes panels and panels with equipment installed on them.

Most of the working time, the employee is engaged in monitoring the operation of automated equipment and measuring instruments. A locksmith must know not only how the equipment entrusted to him works, but also how the technological process is arranged at the enterprise. It is because of this that the employee must constantly improve their skills and receive higher ranks as an instrumentation and automation fitter.

Employee Responsibilities

Employees who have received this position are required to exercise control over the equipment entrusted to them. They also test devices after repair work for the quality and efficiency of their operation. Employees must timely identify defects in the operation of equipment and eliminate them.

The employee is obliged to repair, adjust, adjust and install all equipment within his competence. In some companies, the work of an instrumentation and automation fitter assumes that he himself manufactures laboratory instruments, processes and prepares parts using the locksmith method, draws grids, scales, counts and records the readings of measuring instruments.

Employee Knowledge

The very first thing that is required from an applicant for a position is knowledge of chemistry, physics, mathematics, the basics of drawing and metallurgy. In addition, the employee must know how it works, what it is intended for and on what principle the equipment entrusted to him for repairs works. He must be able to read the schemes of control installations, and depending on the category of the employee, the complexity of these schemes and drawings may vary.

He is obliged to understand devices and tools designed to control and measure varying complexity and accuracy of readings, to understand what they are for and how to use them in practice. In addition, the instrumentation fitter's instruction assumes that he knows the tolerances and fits, understands the properties of insulating and conductive materials, and is able to measure resistance in different parts of the circuit. And he also knows the charter, labor protection and safety in the organization.

Skills

Members of this profession need to understand the drawings found in the technical data sheets of devices that they need to encounter in the course of their duties. They must understand all production processes where the equipment entrusted to them is involved. Engage in locksmith work and assemble, customize, heat treat and finish parts.

The job description of the instrumentation and automation fitter assumes that he performs electrical work with equipment, is engaged in soldering using all types of solders, creates various types of circuit complexity and carries out their installation. The employee must be able to assemble, adjust and repair instrumentation with different types of complexity.

Important qualities

In order to successfully perform their duties, an employee must be mentally stable, nervously balanced, since his work involves increased responsibility and unsafe conditions. The employee must be responsible, physically hardy, have analytical and technical thinking, good spatial imagination. It is also a very important quality for an instrumentation mechanic to learn concentration and the correct distribution of attention, he will need a good memory, coordination of movements and the ability to distinguish between the rhythm and tone of different sounds.

Working conditions

Employees of this profession can perform their job duties both on the premises of the company and in open space, meaning the installation of equipment outside the walls of the building. A locksmith can carry out the assignments himself or work in a team if a whole team of employees of the organization is engaged in repairs. If the tasks are not collective, then the employee himself is engaged in the distribution and planning of the work schedule.

Before considering the vacancies of an instrumentation and automation fitter, it should be borne in mind that during the performance of duties, an employee may experience psychophysical stress due to increased liability, physical stress, and uncomfortable postures during repair work. In addition, the worker may be affected by the presence of specific working conditions, including noise, vibration, chemical fumes and constant temperature changes, depending on the activities of the organization where he is employed.

Conclusion

What is it - an instrumentation and automation fitter, and what duties this employee performs, are discussed above in general terms. More detailed information about what is required from an employee can be obtained at the enterprise itself, you can find out when studying job descriptions and other guidance methodological information. It should be borne in mind that everything depends on the direction of the company, its scale, the number of locksmiths and the personal needs of top management.

The work itself is very stressful and involves a high level of responsibility, so this position should only be taken by healthy, stress-resistant specialists who have all the necessary knowledge and who have received the necessary education.

One of the main characteristics of measuring instruments is the accuracy class (an indicator that describes the permissible error). This value is not static, it changes during operation. As a result, over time, the error may go beyond the permissible limits.

This threatens with many troubles, ranging from disruption of the technological process and ending with the threat of an emergency. Therefore, devices, sensors, measuring mechanisms and other specialized equipment must be regularly verified in the instrumentation and control department. Let's talk about the organization of this service and its main tasks.

What is KIPA?

This definition includes all control equipment and automation used in almost various industrial areas and in everyday life. Examples include electricity and water meters, pressure regulators in the oil and gas industry, automation for boiler rooms, etc.

Abbreviation decoding

The abbreviation of this term stands for quite simply - instrumentation and automation. The service with the same name performs the following tasks and functions:

• implementation of metrological supervision;
• maintenance, adjustment and repair of measuring equipment;
• introduction of new automation systems at the enterprise, for example, automated control systems.

In some cases, the foremen and adjusters of the "Instrumentation and A" department can be involved in the commissioning of electrical equipment, if there is a production need.

Types of instrumentation

The classification of measuring equipment is made depending on the physical and technical characteristics of the instruments, as well as their qualitative and quantitative indicators. By the name of the group, it is easy to determine the purpose of the measuring devices included in it:

• instruments for measuring temperature - thermometers (A in Fig. 2);
• devices for determining pressure - pressure gauges (B);
• flow meters of the working medium or other substances - flow meters (C);
• determinants of the composition of gas mixtures - gas analyzers (D);
• tank filling level sensors - level gauges (E), etc.

Each of the groups, in turn, is divided into several subgroups, according to the design and principle of operation. For example, pressure gauges, among them there are devices for measuring excess pressure, its difference, or displaying the absolute value. The design of these devices can be electrocontact or mechanical.

Structure of the I&C department

The structure of I&C departments is formed taking into account many factors, of which two key ones can be distinguished:

• the number of measuring instruments used by the enterprise;
• service complexity.

Based on these factors, a centralized or decentralized structure of the service is formed. Briefly about each of them.

Features of a centralized structure

This method of forming a subdivision is suitable for enterprises that do not have many measuring instruments, sensors, etc. involved in their technological schemes. This allows you to combine the operation and maintenance department into one service, which is managed by the head of the instrumentation shop. In small enterprises, this managerial person can combine the position of the chief metrologist.

One of the groups of service specialists is assigned to certain production areas for regular maintenance of instrumentation (including instrumentation and repair) located on the territory specified in the job description. If necessary, by order of the head of the workshop, this group of specialists can be reinforced by other employees of the service, for example, to carry out extensive repair or installation work.

This structure allows you to create teams of narrow specialization (for example, installers, electricians, electricians, electricians, electricians, electronics engineers, etc.). They are engaged in the repair, adjustment and installation of complex equipment, as well as the commissioning of new systems. After commissioning is completed, the equipment is serviced by a team in charge of the workshop where the installation was made.

Features of a decentralized structure

This method of organization is practiced in large enterprises. The peculiarity lies in the fact that the repair (methodological) unit is a separate service, while the tasks of operation are assigned to the technological workshop. Each of these divisions has its own leadership. The specialists of the methodological division are headed by the chief metrologist, and the employees of the operation department are subordinate to the head of the shop.

The duties of the methodological service include all types of planned, overscheduled and scheduled preventive repairs. Payment for the services rendered is transferred to a separate settlement account, it is deducted from the funds allocated to the technological workshop of instrumentation and automation.

Depending on the characteristics of production, the work of the operation service is organized taking into account the specialization of work, or according to technological features.

In the first option, groups of specialists are created who are responsible for the operation of certain types of instrumentation (signaling, automation, controls, etc.). In the second - teams of craftsmen responsible for the operation of equipment of certain technological flows.

In a decentralized structure, the methodological service is financially completely dependent on the technological workshop, since payments for the work done come from its budget.

If a production need arises, operational service can be strengthened by employees of the repair unit or crews responsible for the installation of automation and control systems. The order for this must be issued by the chief instrument operator of the enterprise (metrologist). The operation service must cope with the majority of regular commissioning works on its own.

Main goals

Regardless of the structure of the instrumentation and control service, its main tasks include:

• creation of conditions under which the uninterrupted operation of all systems for which the unit is responsible will be ensured;
• ensuring the availability of spare parts, backup equipment for measuring equipment and automation;
• checking the correct operation of devices located in the area of ​​​​responsibility of the service;
• regular instructions and training of personnel on the rules and regulations for the operation of automation and control equipment;
• commissioning of new specialized projects.

Responsibilities of an Instrumentation Mechanic

In accordance with the requirements of the professional standard, the instrumentation and automation fitter must know the principle of operation of the equipment controlled by him, be able to repair and maintain it. For example, for the maintenance of electrical equipment, it is necessary to obtain an appropriate specialized education; general knowledge of the basics of electrical engineering will not be enough.

Depending on the specifics of the equipment being serviced, the locksmith's workplace may have the following fixtures and sets of tools: an instrumentation cabinet, shields, equipment installed on consoles, measuring devices, sockets for connecting electrical appliances, etc.

This specialty requires the employee to understand both the equipment entrusted to him and the general technology of the process.

What does an I&C engineer do?

This job has the following responsibilities:

• organizational work related to ensuring the smooth operation of equipment;
• responsibility for the introduction of automated equipment;
• management of instrumentation and automation services, in particular, coordination of teams of specialists;
• metrological support;
• preparation of technical documentation (technological map, maintenance schedules, verification, calibration);

• long-term planning (action plan for a month, quarter, year);
• acceptance of completed work;
• drawing up prescriptions, in accordance with the identified shortcomings and comments;
• organization of control over the fulfillment of tasks.

An example of decoding the stigma of verification

After verification of the device by the instrumentation and control service, the device is marked with an appropriate designation (stamp), as a rule, it carries a certain information component. We give an example of decryption.

Designations:

• Verification date (quarter).
• Image of the Gosstandart sign.
• The year is encrypted with two digits, in our case 09 - 2009.
• A code that allows you to determine the service that tested the device;
• Sign assigned to an employee of the instrumentation and automation equipment.