Presentation on Theodore Roosevelt President. Presentation on the topic "Franklin Delano Roosevelt

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Introduction Franklin Delano Roosevelt is the most prominent, powerful and effective US politician of the 20th century. He was a wartime president. At one time, his contemporaries not only had unlimited respect for him, but also sharply criticized and even hated him. However, Roosevelt was the great victor of World War II, and when he died, the US became the world's new superpower.

The purpose of our work: To introduce you to the greatest statesman and political figure of the twentieth century, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The tasks that we have set ourselves: To study the biography of the 32nd President of the United States. Show the significance of ongoing reforms Explore the interaction of the great politician on the social strata of society Analyze the prerequisites and stages of the formation of the policy of "isolationism". Based on an objective analysis, show the results and consequences of US foreign policy on the eve of the war.

Biography The future president was born on January 30, 1882 in the family of James Roosevelt and his second wife Sarah Delano. Roosevelt's father owned the Hyde Park estate on the Hudson River and substantial stakes in a number of coal and transportation companies. Roosevelt's mother, Sarah Delano, also belonged to the local aristocracy.

Biography As a child, Roosevelt traveled with his parents around Europe every summer (so he had a good command of foreign languages) and vacationed on the New England coast or on the Canadian island of Campobello (near East Port, Maine), where he became interested in sailing.

Biography Until the age of 14, Roosevelt was educated at home. In the years he studied at one of the best privileged schools in Groton (Massachusetts). In the years Roosevelt continued his education at Harvard University, where he received a bachelor's degree. In the years he attended Columbia Law School and qualified to practice as a lawyer, starting at a well-established Wall Street law firm.

The Beginning of a Political Career Without finishing his third term in the state legislature, Roosevelt moved to Washington. As Assistant Secretary of the Navy (), he advocated strengthening the Navy, strengthening the defenses of the United States, strong presidential power and an active foreign policy.

The Beginning of a Political Career In 1920, under the slogan of the US joining the League of Nations, Roosevelt ran for the Democratic Party for US Vice President in tandem with presidential candidate J. Cox. After serving two terms as governor, Roosevelt acquired very valuable experience, which was useful to him during the presidency.

The First Presidency As he took office on a cold, overcast day on March 4, 1933, at the walls of the Capitol in front of 100,000 assembled, Roosevelt addressed his American friends with the words: “The time has come to tell the truth, the whole truth frankly and boldly. Nor should we shy away from an honest assessment of the situation in which our country is today ... The only thing we should be afraid of is fear itself, a reckless, faceless, unjustified horror that paralyzes the efforts necessary to turn a retreat into an offensive. Roosevelt urged Americans to act immediately, to gain a sense of interdependence from each other. You can't just take, you have to give.

First Presidency The country experienced the deepest and largest economic crisis in its history. By the time Roosevelt officially took office, the banking and financial systems of the United States had suffered a complete collapse. Banks could not function normally, and the governors of almost all states announced their closure.

First Presidency Franklin Delano Roosevelt had a powerful weapon of businesslike and frank communication with most Americans. He created a strong conviction that his government did not oppose the people, but carried out their will, responded by practical deeds to the needs and concerns of the people. Such a policy radically changed the views of Americans on the role of the government, called for cooperation, for joint action.

Roosevelt's "New Deal" The "New Deal" is the name of the economic policy pursued by the administration of Franklin Delano Roosevelt since 1933 in order to overcome the large-scale economic crisis (Great Depression) that gripped the United States in

Roosevelt's "New Deal" New Deal economic programs were pushed through Congress during Roosevelt's first term in years. Their goal was to alleviate the situation of the unemployed, restore the economy and reform the financial system in order to prevent a repeat of the Great Depression.

Roosevelt's New Deal Roosevelt's New Deal reforms covered almost all areas of public life, his reforms were as follows: stabilization of the monetary system, reforms in agriculture, the fight against unemployment, industrial recovery laws, labor laws, pension funds, housing construction.

Second presidency 1936 presidential election again The New Deal corrected the situation: 8 million people got jobs. The industrial production index rose from 58 points in 1932 to 101 points in 1934. The volume of social insurance amounted to 3 billion dollars, the national income increased by 30 percent.

Second presidency The second term was marked by a decline in production in the spring of 1938. New topics were heard in the fireside speeches: about measures to stabilize the economy, about the introduction of fair labor standards, helping the unemployed, maintaining government spending on public works, expanding bank credit, and others.

Third Presidency In 1940, on the eve of the presidential election, Roosevelt decided not to run for a third term. When at the convention of the Democratic Party, held in Chicago, they began to read Roosevelt's message about his unwillingness to run, the hall exploded with exclamations: "America wants Roosevelt", "All for Roosevelt" ... The next day he was unanimously elected a candidate. In such a crucial time, Roosevelt was forced to agree. In the elections, he received 27.2 million votes, 22.3 million votes were cast for the Republican candidate. For the first time in US history, Roosevelt became president of the United States for the third time in a row.

The third presidency became a milestone in the domestic and foreign policy of the United States. In connection with the entry of the United States into the war, an extensive restructuring of the economy began in the direction of the development of defense industries. The state financed the construction of military factories, allocated funds to the private sector for the conclusion of military contracts. A mechanism for managing the mobilization program was created.

Fourth Presidency The President was already contemplating his speech at the upcoming UN meeting. "The world we are building, Roosevelt noted, must be a world based on the joint efforts of all countries...". The Crimean Conference "is called upon to mark the end of the system of unilateral actions, closed blocs, spheres of influence, balance of power and all other similar methods that have been used for centuries and always unsuccessfully...".

Fourth Presidency After a busy month, Roosevelt decided to take a break at his beloved Warm Spring. There, on a sunny and warm day on April 12, 1945, he died of a cerebral hemorrhage. Following his will, Roosevelt was buried in Hyde Park, his birthplace, where he spent his childhood and where he began his political ascent.

Interesting Facts Franklin Roosevelt was noted among the people who tried to resurrect the image of the famous literary hero invented by Arthur Conan Doyle, writing the essay "The Baker Street Folio: Five Notes on Sherlock Holmes from Franklin Delano Roosevelt" (1945). Conclusion The name of Franklin Delano Roosevelt went down in history not only in the United States, but also in other countries. His activities left a deep mark not only in the events of international history, but also in the sphere of domestic socio-economic policy in terms of overcoming the most difficult consequences of the economic crisis and depression that hit the United States in the thirties of the XX century. Diverse experience and the lessons of his policy are of great importance and are in many ways in tune with the economic and social problems that our country has been facing in recent years. People will return to his ideas, practical steps in politics again and again. Look for answers to your questions.

References Yakovlev N.N. Franklin Roosevelt is a man and a politician. M., 1981 Malkov V.L. Franklin Roosevelt. M., 1988 N. Ya. Nadezhdin. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: "America Renewed": Biographical Stories. M.: Major, Osipenko, p., Informal Biographies Series, 2000 copies, ISBN N. N. Yakovlev. Franklin D. Roosevelt man and politician. 5th ed. M.: RIPOL CLASSIC, p. The Laws of Power series, 5000 copies, ISBN Malkov V. L. Franklin Roosevelt. Problems of Domestic Policy and Diplomacy: Historical Documentary Essays. M., V. L. Malkov. New Deal in the USA. Social movements and social policy

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Four times President of the United States

MBOU Bogoroditskaya secondary school

Solodkova N.T.

Childhood

Franklin Roosevelt was born January 30, 1882 in a rich and respectable family James Roosevelt. Roosevelt's father owned the Hyde Park estate on the Hudson River and substantial stakes in a number of coal and transportation companies. Roosevelt's mother Sarah Delano, also belonged to the local aristocracy.

Education

Before 14 Roosevelt was educated at home for years.
1896-99 he went to one of the best privileged schools in Groton.
1900-04 Roosevelt continued his education at Harvard University, where he received a bachelor's degree.
IN 1905-07 he attended Columbia Law School and qualified to practice as a lawyer, starting at a well-established Wall Street law firm.

Carier start

IN 1910 Roosevelt accepted an offer from the US Democratic Party to run as a senator for the New York state legislature and won.
In the presidential election campaign 1912 he actively supported Democrat T. W. Wilson.
In the administration of President Wilson, Roosevelt was offered the post of Assistant Secretary of the Navy.

Carier start

IN 1913 Roosevelt moved to Washington.
He advocated a strengthened navy, strengthened US defenses, a strong presidency, and an active foreign policy.
in 1928 he was elected governor of the economically and politically influential state of New York, which opened the way to the White House.

Beginning of presidential career

IN 1932 Roosevelt won an impressive victory over H. Hoover, who failed to lead the country out of the economic crisis of 1929-33 (the "Great Depression").

Roosevelt proposes

"New Deal"

FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT

A year before his first victorious election, he suffered from polio. Disability did not prevent Roosevelt from setting an absolute record for the number of presidential elections won - 4. In 1932 voted for Roosevelt 57,42% voters, in 1936 - 60.8%, in 1940 - 54.74% , in 1944 - 53.39%. Of the 531 electors in 1932, 472 voted for him, in 1936 - 523, in 1940 - 449, in 1944 - 432.

Finance

all banks are closed

allowed to work and receive loans to large

banks 15 out of 25 thousand

abolition of the dollar gold standard

established state control over gold

bank deposit insurance introduced

New Deal policy of President F. Roosevelt

Industry

National Administration for Industrial Sanitation

1933. - repeal of dry law

adopted a law on the restoration of industry- entrepreneurs are required to comply

"Codes of fair competition", those. agree

on the volume of production

the price of the goods,

salary,

length of the working week,

sales markets

control enforcing the "codes" of the federal government

New Deal policy of President F. Roosevelt

Agriculture

Agricultural Regulatory Administration

introduced a law on the restoration of agriculture

farmers were remunerated

for the reduction of acreage and livestock

Destroyed

6 million pigs,

10 thousand peach trees,

10 million acres of cotton, etc.

New Deal policy of President F. Roosevelt

Social programs

Public Works Administration established

help for the unemployed

payments in 1933 amounted to 3.3 million dollars, and in 1935 – 4.9 million

created a system of labor camps

(they include 2.5-3 million people, that is, 15-20% of the unemployed)

for young people: full state support, salary 30 dollars, 25 to send to the family

created a state system of assistance to widows, orphans, the disabled,

insurance for the unemployed and pensioners

providing for the right of workers to strike,

unionization

and introduced state regulation of the system of labor relations

New Deal policy of President F. Roosevelt

Negative aspects of the New Deal:

devastation small banks (only large ones were supported)
weak companies were pushed out from sales markets by large monopolies
bankruptcy small farmers

IN 1933 . managed to get out of the crisis .

Economic recovery and the struggle of workers for their rights

led the government to realize the need for social reforms .

In addition to the welfare laws and Wagner:

tax reform launched

(increased tax rates on excess profits, inheritance, donations);

expanded system of public works.

New Deal policy of President F. Roosevelt

1937-1938- a new economic crisis.

Continued New Deal Reforms

Fair Labor Act

New law passed

about agriculture

The goal is to preserve soil fertility

Government established

payment of compensation to farmers

minimum hourly wage

length of the work week

prohibition of child labor

for gentle land use

Expansion of public works

New Deal policy of President F. Roosevelt

IN 1939 New Deal reforms have been abandoned.

Implemented reforms are consolidated

Meaning of the "New Deal"

Economic crisis overcome ,

but throughout the thirties the stagnation of the economy continued.

More significant social reforms :

the state is the guarantor of social security;

further development of liberal democracy,

expansion of the rights of citizens;

government intervention in the economy in the form of liberal reformism

In early 1941, the President signed the Lend-Lease Act. It extended to the USSR, which was granted an interest-free loan in the amount of $1 billion.
Roosevelt sought to limit himself to arms deliveries as long as possible and to avoid large-scale US involvement in a European war as much as possible. At the same time, under the slogan of "active defense" since the autumn of 1941, an "undeclared war" with Germany was going on in the Atlantic.

Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill at the Tehran Conference

On the Tehran conference nations of the "Big Three" (1943) Roosevelt did not support

W. Churchill, who avoided resolving specific issues about opening a second front.

April 12, 1945 Roosevelt, who was in the resort of Warm Springs (Georgia), died of a cerebral hemorrhage.

slide 1

Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Completed by: Krivopusk Irina Pupil of the 11th grade of the Municipal Educational Institution “TSSh No. A.S. Pushkin, Tiraspol History teacher: Tidva O.I.

slide 2

Franklin Delano Roosevelt The future president was born into the wealthy and respectable family of James Roosevelt, whose ancestors emigrated from Holland to New Amsterdam in the 1740s. Roosevelt's father owned the Hyde Park estates on the Hudson River and substantial stakes in a number of coal and transportation companies. Roosevelt's mother, Sarah Delano, also belonged to the local aristocracy.

slide 3

Early Political Career In 1910, Roosevelt accepted a tempting offer from the US Democratic Party in his home administrative district to run as a senator for the New York state legislature and won.

slide 4

The Beginning of a Political Career Without finishing his third term in the state legislature, Roosevelt moved to Washington. As Assistant Secretary of the Navy (1913-1921), he advocated a stronger navy, stronger US defenses, a strong presidency, and an active foreign policy.

slide 5

First presidency
Roosevelt received an overwhelming majority in the 1933 presidential election. 22.8 million people voted for him (H. Hoover 15.7 million). He became the 32nd President of the United States.

slide 6

Slide 7

First Presidency The country experienced the deepest and largest economic crisis in its history. By the time Roosevelt officially took office, the US banking and financial systems had collapsed. Banks could not function normally, and the governors of almost all states announced their closure.

Slide 8

The First Presidency President Roosevelt had to start his first day on the job by taking urgent emergency measures to bail out banks, of which there were about 14,207 in the US, of which 4,897 were federal banks and the rest local.

Slide 9

Slide 10

Roosevelt's New Deal The New Deal's economic programs were pushed through Congress during Roosevelt's first term in 1933-1936. Their goal was to alleviate the situation of the unemployed, restore the economy and reform the financial system in order to prevent a repeat of the Great Depression.
Roosevelt, according to the New Deal, covered almost all spheres of public life, his reforms were as follows: the stabilization of the monetary system, reforms in agriculture, the fight against unemployment, industrial recovery laws, labor laws, pension funds, housing construction.

slide 11

slide 12

slide 13

The third presidency of 1941-1942 became a milestone in the domestic and foreign policy of the United States. In connection with the entry of the United States into the war, an extensive restructuring of the economy began in the direction of the development of defense industries. The state financed the construction of military factories, allocated funds to the private sector for the conclusion of military contracts. A mechanism for managing the mobilization program was created.

Slide 14

The President was already considering his speech at the upcoming UN meeting. "The world we are building, Roosevelt noted, must be a world based on the joint efforts of all countries...". The Crimean Conference "is called upon to mark the end of the system of unilateral actions, closed blocs, spheres of influence, balance of power and all other similar methods that have been used for centuries and always unsuccessfully...".
Fourth Presidency In 1944, Roosevelt agreed to run for president for a fourth term. The commander-in-chief could not leave his army and implement the idea of creating the United Nations after the war.

slide 15

After months of hard work, Roosevelt decided to take a break at his beloved Warm Spring. There, on a sunny and warm day on April 12, 1945, he died of a cerebral hemorrhage. Following his will, Roosevelt was buried in Hyde Park, in his homeland, where he spent his childhood, where he began his political ascent.

slide 16

Bibliography:
Yakovlev N.N. Franklin Roosevelt is a man and a politician. M., 1981 Malkov V.L. Franklin Roosevelt. M., 1988 N. Ya. Nadezhdin. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: "America Renewed": Biographical Stories. Moscow: Major, Osipenko. N. Yakovlev. Franklin D. Roosevelt man and politician. 5th ed. Moscow: RIPOL CLASSIC, 2003. 592 p. Series "Laws of power", Malkov V. L. Franklin Roosevelt. V. L. MALKOV. New Deal in the USA. Social "Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia" http://www.eleven.co.il/article/13619 "Megaencyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius" http://www.megabook.ru/Article.asp?AID=668725 "Akademik" http:/ /dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_colier/ "Wikipedia" https://ru.wikipedia.org/ "HappyBai" http://www.happybai.ru/2012/02/blogpost_1346.html "Slovoblog"http ://www.slovoblog.ru/bes/ruzvelt_franklin_delano_1882_19 http://www.peoples.ru/state/king/usa/franklin_roosevelt/

The beginning of a political career

In 1910, Roosevelt accepted a tempting offer from the US Democratic Party in his home administrative district to run as a senator for the New York state legislature and won.

Without finishing his third term in the state legislature, Roosevelt moved to Washington. As Assistant Secretary of the Navy (1913-1921), he advocated a stronger navy, stronger US defenses, a strong presidency, and an active foreign policy.

Roosevelt received an overwhelming majority in the 1933 presidential election. 22.8 million people voted for him

(G. Hoover 15.7 million). He became the 32nd President of the United States.

Assuming office on a cold, overcast day on March 4, 1933, at the walls of the Capitol in front of 100,000 assembled, Roosevelt addressed his American friends with the words: “The time has come to tell the truth, the whole truth frankly and boldly. Nor should we shy away from an honest assessment of the situation in which our country is today ... The only thing we should be afraid of is fear itself, a reckless, faceless, unjustified horror that paralyzes the efforts necessary to turn a retreat into an offensive. Roosevelt urged Americans to act immediately, to gain a sense of interdependence from each other. You can't just take, you have to give.

The country was going through the deepest and largest economic crisis in its history. By the time Roosevelt officially took office, the US banking and financial systems had collapsed. Banks could not function normally, and the governors of almost all states announced their closure.

President Roosevelt had to start his first working day by taking urgent emergency measures to rescue banks, of which there were about 14,207 in the United States, of which 4,897 were federal banks, and the rest were local.

"New Deal" is the name of the economic policy pursued by the administration of Franklin Delano Roosevelt since 1933 in order to overcome the large-scale economic crisis (Great Depression) that swept the United States in 1929-1939.

Roosevelt's New Deal The economic programs of the New Deal were pushed through Congress during Roosevelt's first term in 1933-1936. Their goal was to alleviate the situation of the unemployed, restore the economy and reform the financial system in order to prevent a repeat of the Great Depression.

Roosevelt, according to the New Deal, covered almost all spheres of public life, his reforms were as follows: the stabilization of the monetary system, reforms in agriculture, the fight against unemployment, industrial recovery laws, labor laws, pension funds, housing construction.

1936 presidential elections again The New Deal improved the situation: 8 million people got jobs. The industrial production index rose from 58 points in 1932 to 101 points in 1934. The volume of social insurance amounted to 3 billion dollars, the national income increased by 30 percent.

The second term was marked by a decline in production in the spring of 1938. New topics were heard in the fireside speeches: about measures to stabilize the economy, about the introduction of fair labor standards, helping the unemployed, maintaining government spending on public works, expanding bank credit, and others.

1941-1942 became a milestone in the domestic and foreign policy of the United States. In connection with the entry of the United States into the war, an extensive restructuring of the economy began in the direction of the development of defense industries. The state financed the construction of military factories, allocated funds to the private sector for the conclusion of military contracts. A mechanism for managing the mobilization program was created.

In 1944, Roosevelt agreed to run for the presidency for a fourth term. The commander-in-chief could not leave his army and implement the idea of creating the United Nations after the war.