Paint booths for furniture production. Painting booth with a water curtain Example of a painting booth from furniture production

Let's figure out what cameras are for painting furniture parts. Depending on how many and what sizes the parts will be painted, what paintwork materials you will work with, the necessary spray booth.

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• water spray booth without side walls and floor (front curtain only)
• water spray booth with active water floor
• water spray booth without floor with side walls
• water spray booth with active water floor and side walls
• water spray booth with active water floor and active water walls
• small spray booths, otherwise small-sized or laboratory for painting small products in piece production, instrumentation, 1 and 2 meters long.

Spray booth with dry filters

Due to its design, when painting in a dry spray booth, excess paint mist and polluted air are removed from the paint application area, while cleaning it. All this works with the right choice of fan.

What Happens When a Spray Booth Works with Dry Filters

During the operation of a dry spray booth, the following processes occur:

• removal of paint particles and dust from the spray area
• removal of paint aerosol, while preventing its spread to adjacent rooms
• conditions are provided for obtaining a high quality paint and varnish coating
• the air that is removed from the painting area is cleaned of mechanical paint particles that remain in the filters and is released into the atmosphere.

How is air filtered in a dry spray booth?

The air flow, which is contaminated with paints and varnishes, with the help of a fan moves by inertia into the opening of the chamber, where it is installed one or two filters.

Spray booth with water curtain

Spray booth with water curtain ensures the maximum level of cleanliness and dust removal in the painting area. All this allows you to create ideal conditions for obtaining a high-quality glossy paintwork.

The frontal water curtain captures the paint mist, and the airflow created by the fan additionally draws in polluted air.

What Happens When a Water Curtain Spray Booth Works

During the operation of the water spray booth, the following processes occur:

• removal of paint particles and dust from the spray area
• removal of paint aerosol and elimination of the possibility of its spread to the surrounding premises
• providing ideal conditions for creating high quality coatings
• the removed air is cleaned of mechanical particles of paint and part of aerosol vapors and is released into the atmosphere.

How to maintain a spray booth with a water curtain?

The first thing to do when operating a water curtain chamber is to change the water. Change it depending on the degree of contamination in the cabin.

How quickly the chamber becomes dirty depends both on the intensity of painting, that is, how much paintwork is applied per shift, and on the spray guns used. On spray guns with a low material transfer coefficient, a lot of paint goes into fogging, which means more settles in the cabin. If the water is dirty, then it captures paint mist and dust worse.

How is water cleaned from paint in a spray booth with a water curtain?

In small factories, water is simply poured into the sewer, which is basically impossible, and the accumulated paint at the bottom is scooped out with shovels and other improvised means.

At "advanced" firms, coagulants and a collection of paint and varnish waste are used to remove paint. The addition of a coagulant makes it possible to turn the paint into flakes that precipitate or float to the surface as flakes. The flakes are removed manually or with a waste collector.

How is the air cleaned in a spray booth with a water curtain?

Water spray booths have three levels of air purification from paint:

1. At the first level, air purification is carried out using a frontal water curtain. A stream of water flows down this part of the chamber in a continuous and continuous stream.
2. At the second level, internal air purification takes place, here the main filtration and purification of air from paint waste takes place. Depending on the design of the spray booth and the manufacturer, there are various systems for internal air purification.
3. At the third level, dry filtration is carried out - the air is cleaned of the remaining paint particles and protects the fan blades from paint sticking.

Schemes of structures of water chambers

Different manufacturers of spray booths have different filtration systems, for example, we give several schemes of water spray booths.

An example of a painting booth from furniture production

Here are photos of the spray booth, which were taken during the tour at a real operating enterprise.

Basic equipment:

• Prefabricated body and standing bath made of galvanized steel with a large number of longitudinal, transverse and vertical stiffeners.

• Double cascade water curtains

Frontal curtains of both cascades (those through which water flows) have a quick-detachable design. This not only provides full access to the interior of the chamber for maintenance, but also makes it technically possible to narrow the gap between the bottom edge

curtains and water in the bathroom below. For the upper cascade, this is the lower cascade bath, and for the lower cascade, this is the settling bath.

This design has a number of advantages, the main ones being:

• due to the absence of long sections of free fall of water, the formation of splashes in both the upper and lower parts of the working area is excluded;
• water falling from the lower edge of the water curtain creates a dense stream, additionally purifying the air from suspensions, which eliminates the need to install water sprinklers;
• the air flow rate after getting inside the spray booth is reduced by 4-5 times, which allows suspensions to settle into the settling bath, increasing the degree of purification of the exhaust air.
• The location of the bath for placing the pump is universal (to the left or to the right of the chamber). In this way, the service side can be selected during installation.
• The location of the service area outside the chamber allows visual control of operation and avoiding external contamination of the pump, which leads to its overheating and premature failure.
• Gate valves located outside make it easy to regulate the flow of water in the water curtains, as well as to quickly drain water from the chamber with a regular pump during its scheduled maintenance.
• stainless steel pump,pumps clumps of sludge paintwork materials with a diameter of up to 35 mm, as well as a built-in overheating protection system.
• Circulating water conduit system, including a water circulation valve, an automatic water drain valve, all necessary hoses, passage assemblies, flanges, clamps and other installation materials
• Mounting kit including bolts, nuts, washers, sealant, etc. according to the camera package
• Packing for transportation by road
• Passport and instruction manual
• CD with diagram and photo illustrations of the assembly

Additional options:

• Exhaust fan
• Barrier panel labyrinth
• Control panel for placement outside the hazardous area
• Control board in a plastic case
• Explosion-proof luminaires with lamps (2х36 W)
• Working area depth increase by 0.5 meters (roof panel and 2 side panels)

• water floor
• Supply fan and set of filters for "economy project"
• Placement of the pump inside the chamber (to reduce the overall width of the chamber)
• Front curtains of both cascades made of stainless steel instead of galvanized steel

In organizations that paint cars, water curtain booths are often used. They are one of the most advanced options that allow you to create a coating for products of large dimensions, such as car bodies, parts, furniture, etc. Their design as a whole is a stainless steel room with ventilation of the supply and exhaust type, which operates on electric motors. The main working part is a heating element that heats the box to the required temperature and maintains the heat level during work. Lighting also plays an important role, because it should create an even, intense light space without shadows.

Painting booths

What is the difference between paint booths with a water curtain, as well as their advantage over traditional devices? Under specially created conditions, a fog of paint is formed, which then settles on the surface. But if in the usual cases there is a danger that toxic substances or vapors will still leave the room, then in such devices they are retained with the help of water. In addition, the liquid binds volatile ethereal substances that are present in such a chamber. Of course, this type of filtration is not yet a guarantee of the final disposal of harmful emissions, but still a significant reduction in their number.

Street spray booths

There are also spray booths operating in a closed air flow cycle; in this case, the air moves in a circle and is returned for reuse. And if it is not very well cleaned before starting a new process, then small droplets of dye will enter the room, which will polymerize. This can degrade the properties of the enamel, however, the curtain of water traps these residues.

Spray booths with a water curtain: stages of work

As already mentioned, this type of camera is similar to traditional devices. Air enters from the atmosphere into a limited space, while the suction is based on the operation of the fan. The air flow passes through many filters, and each of them performs a specific purification process. The quality of processing depends on the size of the holes in the filter material.

When the dyeing process begins, the air is heated by special heat elements. The temperature in the chamber rises. There are exit holes at the bottom of the device. They may be in different places. Through them, the air flow leaves the workspace, which is done with the help of fans. The water curtain is placed directly in front of the line, which removes the exhaust atmosphere from the chamber. Thus, before leaving the box, the air crosses a thin wall of water that traps dense particles - they settle in suspension.

Actually, this design is a water filter. There are other possibilities when the air for cleaning is passed not through a wall of jets, but through a special container into which water is poured. At the same time, dense particles accumulate at the bottom, which then form condensate. In order for all harmful substances to precipitate faster, a reagent is added to such a container, which speeds up the processing processes.

The most advanced spray booths of this type have several levels of cleaning. The first of them is the passage of air through a continuous water curtain. This creates a wall of water, and its speed is always uniform. The second level provides better cleaning of air masses from dye particles (internal cleaning). Here there is a complete liberation from impurities. The third level is the completion of the cleaning processes, which can be achieved through carbon based filters or other types of dry based filtration. At this stage, all paint particles disappear. Therefore, the fan will be protected from dye residues.

These are the main stages of operation of such cameras. This air cleaning system in water curtain spray booths helps to reduce toxicity to a minimum, and therefore the use of this type of equipment is considered mandatory in those industries where the use of liquid paints and varnishes is required.

How does a spray water spray with a water curtain work?

The task of any spray booth is to ensure that the air in the spray zone is cleaned from spray mist and solvent vapors.

Water spray booths have several levels of air purification from paint.

Level 1- frontal water curtain - this visible part of the spray booth with a water curtain. A stream of water flows down it in a continuous and continuous stream. It must be uniform and completely cover the entire front area (surface) of the curtain.

Level 2 -internal air purification - perhaps here the main filtration and purification of air from paint waste is carried out. Depending on the design of the spray booth and the manufacturer, there are various systems for internal air purification.

Level 3 - dry filtration - performs final air cleaning from the remaining paint particles and protects the fan blades from paint sticking. Depending on the manufacturer, dry filtration is carried out in Italian spray booths with a water curtain in Russian spray booths - in others, such as China, there is no filtration at all.

Below are the structure diagrams of Italian and Russian spray booths:

1) Scheme of water spray booth ZINCOVELO ZA Italy
2) Video of the work of the spray booth Italy

3) Scheme of a water spray booth made in Russia

4) Video of the operation of the painting chamber Russia (built into a clean room, an overpressure chamber)

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The principle of operation of the spray booth with a water curtain is as follows.

When spraying the material, a paint mist is formed. The fan, which is installed on the roof of the spray booth, creates a vacuum and draws polluted air through the opening in the spray booth at the bottom of the front curtain.

Also, particles of paint and dust are deposited on the front front surface, which are captured and carried away in a continuous stream into the bath of the spray booth and settle in the water.

Polluted air, which got into the internal cavity of the spray water chamber with the air flow, is subjected to additional purification. In Italian paint booths there are several water cascades, in Russian paint booths it is filtered by an irrigation system. The air is cleaned from spray waste.

Final cleaning - dry filtration installed in front of the fans ( or )

Water spray booths can be of various modifications: with a floor, with side walls, without a floor and without walls. The choice of model depends on the technology of painting and the product, as well as the requirements for the quality of the coating.

Spray booths carry out the function of extracting and cleaning the air.

When creating a painting area, it is very important to ensure the correct microclimate in the spray zone (the desired temperature regime), as well as the incoming air must be cleaned of dust and dirt, this will allow to achieve excellent conditions for obtaining a high quality coating.

Spray booths with a water curtain are perhaps the most advanced version of the design of painting systems. Equipment of this type is used for painting large-sized products, including car bodies, or individual body parts, various furniture structures, etc.

Any spray booth is based on the fact that air moves inside the system, which carries along a mist of paint, which evenly settles on the surface to be painted. And if in a traditional spray booth there is a possibility that harmful substances or paint particles will go outside the booth, then in booths with a water curtain, paint particles are retained by water. Moreover, molecules of harmful volatile substances bind with water molecules, which are in excess inside the spray booth.

Thus, the ingress of harmful substances into the surrounding atmosphere is drastically reduced. But it cannot be said that the water curtain gives a full guarantee that the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere is completely excluded.

In addition, there are chambers that operate on a partially closed cycle of air movement. In this situation, it turns out that the air that has already been in the chamber enters it on the next cycle. And if it is not enough to clean it before reuse, paint particles that have already begun to polymerize will enter the chamber along with air. And this can significantly affect the final quality of the coating. And the water curtain, which can have a different design, retains paint residues.

How do spray booths with a water curtain work?

The spray booth with water protection is very similar in principle to traditional spray booths. Air is sucked in from the atmosphere into the closed space of the chamber. Air is sucked in by the fan. Air enters through a system of filters, each of which provides a certain level of purification. The smaller the holes in the filter material, the finer the cleaning.

The air during the painting phase is heated by passing through special heating elements. The temperature in the chamber starts to rise.

There are exit holes at the bottom of the spray booth. Moreover, they can be located in different places of the chamber (depending on the hole). Through these openings, the air, due to the operation of the exhaust fans, leaves the closed space of the chamber. And it is in front of the highway, which works to remove air from the chamber, that water curtains are installed, which can also have a different design. Essentially, air mixed with paint that exits the chamber passes through a thin wall of water. And all suspended particles remain in this water.

The water curtain can be considered as a water filter. Although there are options when the air does not pass through a wall of water, but through a special container with water. In this case, solid particles gradually accumulate at the bottom of the container, which then precipitate in a state of sediment to the bottom of the container.

In order to activate the process of binding harmful substances in the air with water, a special reagent is added to the container, which is a catalyst for a chemical cleaning reaction.

The most advanced water curtain spray booths support multiple levels of air purification. The first level is when the air passes through the frontal water curtain. The flow of water is a solid wall, and the speed of water movement is the same all the time. Water covers the entire surface of the front part of the curtain.

At the second level, there is a finer purification of air from paint particles. This is the so-called level of internal purification. According to experts, it is at this stage that the most complete air purification from paint impurities occurs.

The finest cleaning takes place on the final filters, which can be made on the basis of hydrocarbon technologies (carbon filters) or dry filters, which are made on a different basis. Here, literally all remaining paint particles are removed. Thus, the fan blades are protected from sticking paint residues on them.