Diathesis in a 1.5 month old child is treated. How we treated diathesis in a child

Parents often ask how to treat facial diathesis in children. Let's figure it out in this article. Traditionally, diathesis is considered to be a childhood disease. But this ailment also occurs in adults, in addition, in newborn babies. Doctors describe diathesis as an abnormal state of the human body that responds to metabolic disorders along with poor nutrition or infectious diseases and respiratory viruses.

Medicine does not consider diathesis as a disease. Most likely, this is a certain predisposition, which, among other things, may be hereditary. Or it may be a tendency to develop symptoms against the background of a certain exposure environment, be it food, ecology and the like.

How to treat diathesis in a child?

Diathesis and its types

The most common is considered to be allergic diathesis, which occurs in infants. It can manifest itself at the age of two to six months in the form of an allergic reaction, and in addition, reduced resistance to infections. Sick children are characterized by vulnerability and sensitivity of barrier tissues along with protracted inflammatory processes of the digestive system and respiratory system. Such children, as a rule, are very irritable and impressionable, their doctors observe increased excitability and restless sleep. Despite the fact that they are prone to being overweight, they lose weight very quickly when the slightest ailment occurs. This disease can last up to two years, after which it will disappear on its own. But despite all the same it is required cure in order to prevent the appearance of such serious diseases as psoriasis, neurodermatitis or eczema.

The causes and symptoms of diathesis in children will be discussed in detail below.

Lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis doctors characterize the body's tendency to enlargement of the lymph nodes. Allergic and infectious diseases, hypofunction of the adrenal glands and thyroid gland, hypoplasia of the kidneys and heart, immunological dysfunctions and disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates, and, in addition, lipids are also observed.

Neuro-arthritic diathesis is a genetic metabolic disorder that leads to obesity. Hypertension, increased nervous excitability, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus can also be observed. Doctors often associate the development of neuro-arthritic diathesis with defects in the exchange of uric acid and purines. In children, this form of the disease may be a consequence of the mother's abuse of protein products during pregnancy. A family history of gout, neurasthenia and cholelithiasis is detected in such patients. Doctors diagnose this type of diathesis in newborns extremely difficult. As for the clinical picture of the disease, it is formed directly by school age.

Before we understand how to treat diathesis in a child, let's figure out the reasons for its appearance.

Reasons for the appearance

The pathogenesis and etiology of diathesis have not yet been fully understood. It is only known that an important role in the manifestations of this disease is played by the adverse effects of the external environment, and in addition, genetic predisposition. True, half of the children who fell ill with diathesis have a persistent family history, in addition, this ailment in infants occurs with an increase in immunoglobulin in the blood, excessive secretion and release of histamine is also noted.

Toxicosis can provoke diathesis in newborns, among other things, along with taking certain medications during pregnancy. In addition, infectious diseases of a pregnant woman, a monotonous and improper diet of a nursing mother, for example, the abuse of products such as milk, honey, eggs, sweets or citrus fruits, are also provocateurs. In the event that allergens are present in the body of a pregnant woman, then they may well be transmitted to the child, which in the future, most likely, will lead to congenital allergies and increased sensitivity of the body. Mothers often ask how to treat diathesis on the cheeks of an infant.

Another reason for its appearance may be trophoallergens that enter the baby's digestive tract through breast milk and food. Penetration occurs through the intestines that have not yet been strengthened. High permeability of the intestinal wall in a child can occur due to exhaustion, weight loss, diseases of the digestive system, or due to the recovery period from illness. Without establishing the causes of diathesis, the treatment of children is ineffective.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis of allergic diathesis is established based on the history and basic clinical symptoms. In order to exclude such diseases as eczema, dermatitis and psoriasis, differential diagnostics is carried out, and if necessary, they also visit an allergist. To establish the diagnosis of lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis, hereditary diseases are additionally studied along with intrauterine infections. In the neuro-arthritic form of the disease, the diagnosis is carried out simultaneously with the genetic analysis, by examining the amount of urate in the urine.

Overfeeding result

Allergy occurs, as a rule, as a result of overfeeding against the background of a monotonous diet. It can also be related to the consumption of seasonal foods, such as fruits, berries or vegetables. Allergic diathesis in a child can increase sensitivity not only to certain types of foods, but also to environmental pathogens, for example, to dust and wool, which in the future can lead to the development of respiratory syndrome.

The reason for the appearance of diathesis in an adult can be a nervous shock, and the severity of the disease directly depends on the stressful situation itself. For example, as a result of a deterioration in the psycho-emotional state, the likelihood of a rash only increases, and directly with the normalization of the nervous system, diathesis can completely recede without any medication. Nutrition in childhood can determine the development of an ailment in an adult, the symptoms of which are likely to manifest as a result of an improper food intake in the future.

Therefore, it is extremely important to know the causes of the disease, than to treat the diathesis.

In an infant, how does it manifest

Children prone to diathesis tend to appear overweight. Even with normal care, the child may develop diaper rash, and the surface of the tongue will be uneven, and the turgor of the tissues is often reduced. Such children are more likely than others to develop allergic diathesis. Symptoms of the disease can be very diverse. Scales may appear on the scalp, which will be brown or grayish in color. Also, damage to the mucous membranes is not excluded, which will manifest itself in the form of conjunctivitis, laryngitis or rhinopharyngitis. It is no less common in which a crust forms on the cheeks, which turns red, flakes and is accompanied by the appearance of itching. Such a diathesis is dangerous in that it can provoke neurodermatitis or eczema.

Against the background of lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis, symptoms in newborns can be established due to their large weight and disproportionate physique. Such children subsequently turn out to be inactive, and their speech start slows down. This type of diathesis in adults, the symptom of which is a violation of vascular permeability and blood circulation, can subsequently provoke excess weight along with the distribution of adipose tissue according to the female type, when it occurs on the hips or abdomen. Hyperplasia of the tonsils along with enlarged lymph nodes are common symptoms. In the framework of ultrasound diagnostics, an enlarged thymus gland is almost always observed.

The symptomatology of neuro-arthritic diathesis directly depends on the patient's age and is accompanied by neurasthenic and, in addition, skin syndromes. A rare manifestation of this disease may be intolerance to odors along with increased temperature, as well as sensitivity to nonspecific irritants.

It is important not only to find out how to treat diathesis in a child, but also to prevent it.

Disease prevention

An important factor in the prevention and remedy for diathesis is the correct and rational nutrition of the expectant mother. She shouldn't overeat. At the same time, you cannot limit yourself to useful products. And as for allergenic foods (citrus fruits and chocolate), they should be reduced. Eating low-fat boiled meat, along with vegetable salads and dairy products, serves as the basis for the nutrition of the expectant mother. When a child appears, it is no less careful to approach the issue of his nutrition. First of all, you will need to follow the recommendations of pediatricians regarding the choice of infant formula. It is equally important to limit the child in the use of foods without heat treatment, as well as those foods that are not designed for his age.

If the child nevertheless falls ill with diathesis, the symptoms of the disease will not return, provided that the parents carefully monitor and properly handle the food, do not give the baby new products that could provoke the return of the disease. In the children's menu for diathesis, predominantly vegetable casseroles should prevail, along with buckwheat porridge and salads. Strictly exclude fish, eggs, pork and jelly. It is equally important to do hardening, massage, and in addition, daily walks.

How to treat diathesis in a child?

How to properly treat diathesis is known to folk medicine. Her natural strength, along with a wealth of experience, have effectively dealt with this ailment for many centuries. How to smear and how to treat diathesis on the cheeks of a child? Let's consider the most popular recipes:

• Treatment with herbal decoction. For cooking, you need to take 10 grams of a walnut leaf, 20 grams each of a string, black currant leaves, yarrow herb and white ashberry. Also take 30 grams of birch leaves, strawberries and burdock root. The remaining two ingredients are 40 grams of violets and 60 grams of bearberry. Next, the herbs must be mixed and filled with 500 milligrams of hot water. It will take about eight hours to infuse the mixture, after which it must be filtered. You need to take the finished product two tablespoons three times a day. This medicine for diathesis is absolutely safe for children, which is why it is widespread in traditional medicine. In case of manifestation of diathesis in newborns, therapy can be started with herbal compresses with the addition of a healing decoction.
• Treatment by succession. To prepare such a compress, you need to take 20 grams of a dry string, it is poured with one glass of water, then the product is brought to a boil and filtered. The infusion is taken orally in a tablespoon three times a day. As for babies, it is better to use warm compresses for them. Also, daily baths with a series are suitable. How else to treat diathesis in a child?
• Healing baths with chicory root. To prepare such a bath, you need to take 50 grams of chicory root and grind it, then pour a liter of hot water and leave to infuse for an hour. Then the mixture is boiled for several minutes, after which it is cooled. You need to add the strained broth to the bath during the daily bathing of the child. Chicory can be replaced with oak bark. Celandine with the addition of potassium permanganate is also suitable. How else to treat diathesis?
• On the cheeks of the child, you can apply lotions with viburnum, and also apply the broth inside. To do this, you will need 15 grams of crushed bark, which will need to be filled with two glasses of boiling water. Next, the product is left to infuse for thirty minutes, and then filtered. The resulting infusion is brought to a volume of 200 milliliters and consumed in a teaspoon three times a day after meals.

In the case of using certain herbal decoctions, therapy is best carried out under the supervision and supervision of a pediatrician, but at home. If a child has diathesis, every mother can treat this disease.

Eggshell diathesis treatment

Diathesis treatment involves not only the use of decoctions. An excellent tool that will give good results can be eggshells. This recipe is absolutely harmless to the baby.

So, in order to prepare a shell-based remedy, take a fresh egg and boil it for five minutes. Next, the egg needs to be cleaned and the film removed from the inner surface of the shell. It is important to boil the shell directly for several minutes, and then dry it, avoiding exposure to sunlight. After it dries, it is crushed into a fine powder to a powder state.

Using this recipe requires careful dosing. For example, from 6 months to a year they give it on the tip of a knife. At the age of one year, the dose can be doubled, and from five years old, you can give half of the shell daily. A few drops of lemon must be added before use. Drink lemon-egg powder with dill water, take it for one month, then take a break. In the event that symptoms recur, therapy will have to be repeated.

How to treat diathesis in a child with folk remedies?

Preparation of medicinal ointment

In the presence of children's diathesis, the treatment of external integuments can be performed using ointments prepared at home on their own. So, take in equal parts zinc paste along with fresh sour cream, medical tar and fresh egg white. Then all this is mixed and gently lubricated the damaged skin of the child. How to treat diathesis on the pope? A hand-made ointment is a great remedy. Such a preparation must be prepared every day, so that all the ingredients are always fresh.

How to treat diathesis in a child at home is not an idle question.

Root treatment

Treatment of adults, whose symptoms are expressed in the form of allergic skin rashes, will be effective only if the diet is followed, and in addition, the exclusion of foods that are allergens.

• For example, in this case, you can use herbal. To prepare it, you need to take elecampane, yarrow and gentian. Next, you need to pour all this with boiling water and insist for half an hour. Take the remedy three times a day before meals, 100 grams.
• Radish is another effective treatment for this disease in adults. Adults can take it in a tablespoon up to three times a day, especially in the fight against diathesis. For children, they need to increase the dose gradually. As a rule, they start with one drop, adding one more every day and bringing the dosage to a tablespoon.
• Perfectly helps with diathesis treatment with potato baths. This requires peeling five medium potatoes. Then they are rubbed and the whole mass is lowered into boiling water. Immediately after immersion, the stove is turned off, the agent is stirred and left for fifteen minutes under a closed lid. The resulting product is filtered and added to a bath of water.

We examined the symptoms, treatment and prevention of diathesis in children and adults.

The tendency of a baby under the age of three to allergic diseases, manifested in the form of dermatitis, is the very diathesis in children that brings so much concern to young parents and the crumbs themselves. After a year, children's cheeks can turn red even in those children who have not had any skin problems, allergies, or digestion before. Moreover, bright red, crowded spots can appear in children not only on the cheeks, but also on the bottom, neck, chest, and the inner surface of the elbow bends. And this is only the beginning of the manifestation of symptoms.

Many parents mistakenly believe that the only manifestation of diathesis in children is dermatitis (those very spots on the skin). In fact, the symptoms of this disease are quite diverse and only worsen the condition of the child over time in the absence of proper treatment. These include:

• irritability, lethargy, whims, lack of appetite, insomnia;
• constant attempts by the baby to comb the cheeks, because they are exposed to merciless and non-stop itching, and from this the skin condition only worsens - wounds and weeping sores are formed;
• over time, crusts form on the spots, which begin to peel off from the edges, and then get wet;
• stool disorders: either constipation, or diarrhea, or their alternation;
• , sore throat.

All these signs speak of a disease that you need to see a doctor immediately. Moreover, diathesis in infants proceeds in almost the same way as in older children (from 1 year to 3 years). In many ways, the symptoms will depend on what kind of disease overtook the baby. The prescribed treatment will depend on the correct diagnosis.

Views

Depending on the individual characteristics of the organism and some external factors, diathesis may be different. In medical practice, the following types of childhood diseases can be diagnosed:

• 1. Uric acid

Uric acid diathesis in children is a disease characterized by metabolic disorders during the formation and filtration of urine. In this state, the salts in the form of sand precipitate in a red hue and then crystallize. The consequence is urolithiasis. The analyzes reveal serious violations of the qualitative composition of children's urine, as well as its daily amount. Indicators such as acidity and density change: they increase.

• 2. Neuro-arthric

Neuro-arthritic diathesis in children is a rather rare phenomenon, but it is a serious disease. The reason for its development is a violation of protein metabolism, genetically determined. An increased amount of uric acid is deposited in the joints in the form of crystals. Therefore, this form of children's diathesis is practically not amenable to correction and persists throughout life. So the treatment of diathesis in infants and older children in this case is aimed at maintaining the general condition of the baby.

• 3. Lymphatic-hypoplastic

Lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis in children is characterized by increased growth (hyperplasia) of cells of the lymphatic system and endocrine disorders, which is fraught with a further weakened immune system.

• 4. Exudative

Exudative diathesis in medical practice is also called atopic dermatitis. This is not so much an independent disease as a constitutional feature of the child. It is based on intolerance to certain food products, due to which various disturbances in water and fat metabolism occur. Allergies can be caused by cow's milk, honey, egg white, chocolate, citrus fruits, cocoa, strawberries, etc. Another name for the disease is exudative-catarrhal diathesis.

• 5. Allergic

Allergic diathesis is the most common occurrence among infants 3–6 months old. The reason is the predisposition of a small organism to inflammatory and allergic diseases. After 1-2 years, it goes away on its own. In this case, the treatment of diathesis in an infant is aimed primarily at relieving external symptoms and alleviating his condition. An important role in this case is played by unfavorable environmental factors and hereditary predisposition.

• 6. Hemorrhagic

Hemorrhagic diathesis in children is a clinical and hematological syndrome, which includes a whole group of acquired and hereditary diseases. A common feature is a severe and rather dangerous predisposition of a small organism to bleeding. Any violation of the vascular wall can lead to severe external or internal bleeding.

Each of the varieties has a certain set of characteristics, differs in its genesis and treatment. Diathesis is always especially difficult in children under one year old, which disrupts the normal mode of life of the baby. The causes of the disease can be a variety of factors - due not only to the internal characteristics of the body, but also to external circumstances.

Causes

Doctors call the following most common causes of childhood diathesis:

• hereditary predisposition;
• toxicosis during pregnancy;
• unfavorable environment;
• excessive or uncontrolled use of drugs while carrying a baby;
• eating disorders of a woman who is carrying or feeding a child;
• improper feeding of children with food allergenic for him: eggs, honey, milk, pickles, berries, caviar, etc.;
• artificial feeding.

These are the main reasons for this phenomenon. The treatment of diathesis in children, which must be prescribed by a doctor without fail, will depend on them and on the type of disease.

Treatment

Only a qualified and experienced specialist can make the correct diagnosis and explain in detail to parents how to treat diathesis in a child, what measures to take and drugs to use. Therapy may include:

• a diet that involves the exclusion of allergenic foods from the diet of not only the baby, but also the nursing mother;
• ointment for diathesis in children: it can be Elokom, Advant, Celestoderm (hormonal ointments), as well as diphenhydramine-zinc paste (Guzhienko), Elidel, Fenistil-gel - non-hormonal drugs; how to smear diathesis on the sensitive skin of a child, only a doctor should decide;
• treatment with folk remedies in support of the main therapy: it can be crushed egg shells, a decoction of bay leaves, fir or sea buckthorn oil, alder, potatoes;
• proper care of baby's skin: herbal baths, high-quality, spacious clothes made from natural materials, adherence to hygiene rules.

It is possible to cure diathesis in a child only with a competent approach and timely measures taken. Sometimes arrogant parents want to rid their baby of the disease with home methods. They do not understand that no ointments of their own preparation and even a diet sometimes work, because the mechanism of the course of the disease has not been clarified. This can only be determined in laboratory conditions under the supervision of a physician.

There are few families who have not encountered the problem of allergic manifestations in their baby. There is always a beloved relative who will offer a slice of orange, a spoonful of honey or an extra candy. In this case, the child's body may not always respond adequately. In our article, we will consider in detail the methods of how to treat diathesis in a child, we will determine the causes, symptoms and types of this disease.

The most common cause of allergic reactions in babies is food.

We guarantee that after reading the text below, you will find answers to all your questions.

Diathesis is a certain condition of the child's body, which is transmitted hereditarily and is characterized by a tendency to manifest certain diseases, which are based on allergic reactions.

Diathesis in a child is a generalized concept and many young parents do not attach much importance to it or even take it for a completely different disease. In fact, one should understand the allergic reaction of the child's body, which is the first sign that determines the tendency to more serious diseases, such as dermatitis, neurodermatitis and eczema.

Most young families with children from 3 months to 3 years old face this problem. Symptoms can persist over a long period and disappear as soon as possible, even without special treatment. But you should not hope for such a rosy outcome, and at the first sign you should consult a doctor, because we are talking about the health of the smallest and most defenseless family member.

Causes and symptoms of diathesis in children

The causes of diathesis can be very diverse. A predisposition to allergic reactions can form both in the mother's womb and during the first months of a baby's life. The reason may be a violation of the diet of a pregnant woman or a nursing mother, eating foods such as honey, eggs, berries, oranges and other citrus fruits, canned and pickled foods or caviar. Also, the causes in children can be hereditary.

A polluted environment, dust, pets, as well as taking drugs not recommended during pregnancy or lactation can provoke the appearance of a disease in the baby.

Based on the above, we can summarize that the root cause of the appearance of diathesis in children is malnutrition. Let's not neglect bacterial or viral infections, which in turn can also cause this unpleasant disease.

We bring to your attention a brief description of the ways of penetration of allergens into the child's body:

1. Through food. The most common reason that must be taken into account when introducing new components into the child's diet.
2. Contact way. An allergic reaction can occur as a result of contact of children's skin with synthetic materials, wool, washing powder and other substances.
3. Air. This refers to dust, perfumes and deodorants used by parents, pet hair.

The use of perfumery by relatives and the use of allergenic products by a nursing mother are possible reasons for the development of diathesis in a child

Symptoms of diathesis in children are as follows:

• Redness of the baby's skin
• The appearance of itchy, gray or brown scales
• Crusts form on the head
• Decreases skin firmness
• Decreases muscle tone
• Gastrointestinal disorders are manifested in the form of diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain
• Pallor
• Conjunctivitis
• Possible complication in the form of bronchitis or laryngitis
• Urine changes its composition
• Girls may develop cystitis or vulvovaginitis

a) crusts on the head; b) skin redness

The above symptoms suppress the immune system of the child's body, as a result of which the risk of complications increases.

How to treat diathesis in a child

It is possible to eliminate the consequences of the disease in a baby, first of all, by removing food products from the diet, which, in your opinion, became the reasons for the manifestation of an allergic reaction. Treatment in parallel is accompanied by procedures for the care of damaged skin.

Since the types of this disease are different, accordingly, only a doctor can prescribe the treatment necessary for each individual case:

1. Treatment of weeping diathesis with special drying agents.
2. Peeling is softened with hypoallergenic ointments.
3. Prescribed drugs that reduce itching, which also normalize the microflora, plus vitamins.
4. In case of a complication, the companion of which has become a bacterial infection, a special antibacterial ointment or antibiotic is prescribed.
5. Use of antiseptic solutions.

a) cream for the restoration of the skin "La-Cree"; b) cream for the treatment of skin diseases "Bepanten"

The question "how to cure diathesis in a child" can only be answered by a certified specialist, but no one forbids resorting to folk recipes, the main thing is to approach the issue wisely and control the course of the disease together with the doctor. Baths with the addition of decoctions of chamomile herbs, string, oak bark, calendula have proven effective.

Diathesis on the bottom of a child - photo

Allergy on the bottom of a child manifests itself in the form of dense red spots with clear boundaries. Scaling may occur as a result of peeling of the skin. There may also be papules, blisters, or small red dots. The danger is that by scratching the skin, the baby can introduce an infection, which will be much more difficult to cure. If, after hygienic procedures, the color of the spots brightens and the rash disappears, then there is diaper rash and it is important not to confuse it with diathesis, since the latter is formed as a result of an autoimmune inflammatory process and cannot be cured of it using simple methods.

The above photo will clearly help to determine that this is a diathesis on the child's pope.

Treatment of diathesis on the cheeks of a child

The modern pharmacological industry offers many effective drugs for treatment, but alternative methods should not be ignored either. Diathesis on the cheeks of a child, treatment first of all begins with a consultation with an allergist doctor, who will give competent recommendations regarding the exclusion of certain foods from the diet.

It is necessary to treat diathesis on the cheeks of a child (photos are attached) in a comprehensive manner, following the recommendations below:

• anti-itching drugs
• only a doctor can prescribe antihistamines
• sedative drugs
• ultraviolet treatment
• taking vitamins will increase immunity

The skin of the baby's cheeks must be systematically lubricated with a special cream, which is applied in a thin layer

Treatment of diathesis in infants

How to treat diathesis in an infant? The answer, as a rule, involves the use of antihistamines, which effectively alleviate the course of the disease, relieve swelling and itching.

The specificity of the treatment of infants differs in the intake of drugs that cleanse the child's body of harmful toxins and allergens. If the baby feeds on breast milk, then first of all the young mother is obliged to adjust her diet. It is also a fairly common practice for a doctor to prescribe vitamins to help maintain the balance of minerals in the child's body.

How to treat diathesis in an infant?

We bring to the attention of our readers the most popular folk remedies for treating babies among parents:

1. Egg shell treatment. Grind the shells dried for several days into powder and give the child 1 teaspoon twice a day, dilute with water, lemon juice or other liquids. A large amount of calcium relieves the acute manifestations of the disease.
2. Bathe in a decoction of a string and chamomile. Effectively relieves itching and inflammation of the skin.
3. Fir oil ointment. Mix 1 part oil with 3 parts baby cream and treat baby's skin in the morning and evening.
4. Tinctures from dandelion or burdock roots.

a) crushed eggshell; b) fir oil

Traditional methods of treatment are more gentle for the child's body, but if their use does not bring visible results during the period specified by the doctor, then it is worth resorting to the drug treatment described in the previous chapters of our article.

Hemorrhagic diathesis in children

The hemorrhagic form of the disease is characterized by an increased tendency of the body to bleed. Hemorrhagic diathesis in children is accompanied by the spontaneous appearance of bruises on the child's body, even as a result of light touch. The number and size of them are often completely inconsistent with the actual damage.

The key symptom is the formation of various rashes, bleeding or extensive bruising on the body. With a severe course of the disease, rashes can transform into ulcers. Also, the patient may be greatly disturbed in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting with blood.

Treatment methods directly depend on the type and how the bleeding occurs. So corticosteroid medications, ascorbic acid, vitamin PP, rutin can be prescribed. With frequent and heavy bleeding, surgery and removal of the spleen are possible.

Lymphatic hypoplastic diathesis

This diagnosis is very rare and most parents have probably never heard of it. We will try to explain in an accessible way what constitutes lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis in children. From the name of the disease, it can be concluded that the baby's lymphatic system is involved in its development. Diathesis of this type is characterized by increased growth of cells of the lymphatic system, in addition to this, there are also disorders in the endocrine system, which makes this type of disease more than serious.

It is important for children to provide nutritious, proper nutrition and limit the use of foods containing dyes and preservatives. Care should be taken when introducing new products and special attention should be paid to the introduction of cow's milk to parents.

Compliance with the daily routine is of great importance and the hardening process, gymnastics and massage procedures have shown themselves to be effective.

The constitution is all the properties of the human body as a whole, determined by the influence of many endogenous (internal) and exogenous (external) factors.

External factors:

Internal factors:

• heredity;
• age.

The constitution predisposes, according to doctors, to the manifestation of certain types of diseases. All types of constitutional features are variants of the norm and do not imply special treatment.

Depending on the set of signs, there are 4 types of diathesis:

1. Allergic (exudative-catarrhal).
2. Lymphatic-hypoplastic.
3. Hemorrhagic.
4. Uric acid and neuro-arthritic.

Diathesis in a newborn

In practice, atopic diathesis occurs most often in newborns. Atopy is the release of immunoglobulin E in the body during diathesis in a child.

Diathesis during breastfeeding is often atopic in nature. Allergic reactions and diathesis in infants begin to appear from the age of three months. In newborns, reddish rough spots appear on the face, which intensify after bathing. Diathesis during breastfeeding in a one-month-old baby is often caused by hypersensitivity to cow's milk proteins and is manifested by a rash, regurgitation, colic.

The main distinguishing features of exudative-catarrhal diathesis:

Hereditary burden is characteristic. Children are born large. The mother has a difficult pregnancy with toxicosis and the threat of termination, which can cause diathesis in the child. Such babies begin to suffer from diaper rash early even with proper care, seborrhea is observed. The monthly weight gain exceeds the norm.

One-year-old children may have hyperexcitability, decreased appetite, and sleep disturbances. In the immunogram, a decrease in immunoglobulin A is found. Such children have a long and hard fever.

In infants, you can find grayish scales on the scalp - gneiss. Diathesis on the cheeks of a baby can take the form of a milk crust. The skin is characterized by swelling, redness, flaking with the formation of crusts. Infants may develop severe non-healing diaper rash in places of natural folds.

What should mothers and fathers do if one day they notice reddish rashes - diathesis on the bottom or burning red cheeks in a child? A pediatrician or allergist will tell you in detail how to treat diathesis in children. Most likely, the baby and the nursing mother will be assigned a special diet for diathesis.

Pediatrics has a wide range of tools for the treatment of diathesis. At the consultation, they will tell you in detail how to smear the rash, pay attention to the features of the treatment of atopic diathesis in children under one year old.

Dr. Komarovsky in his articles also advises not to disregard the issue of proper care for baby skin.

Drugs used in the treatment of atopic diathesis in children:

1. Antihistamines. They relieve itching and stop the further development of an allergic reaction.
2. Enterosorbents. Enterosgel for babies can be used practically from birth. The drug is quite effective in treating all types of diathesis in a child. You can also dissolve Smecta in and give it to your baby when feeding.
3. Ointment for atopic diathesis in children. What is the scope of its application in children's practice? How to correctly treat diathesis using hormonal ointments in an infant? It is possible to treat diathesis on the cheeks of a child quite effectively using hormonal ointment. Pharmacies offer a huge selection of antiallergic ointments for the treatment of allergic diathesis in a baby, characterized by different prices and anti-inflammatory activity (Lokoid, Elokom, Advantan).

Often parents ask how to cure diathesis in a child forever. Diathesis cannot be cured. It can only grow out after a few years or relieve symptoms.

Treatment of diathesis in children with folk remedies

If diathesis ointment for children brings only temporary relief, how to treat diathesis in infants? In the treatment of diathesis, folk traditional remedies have proven themselves well.

With abundant wetting of the skin on the cheeks, in places of folds, baths with oak bark, viburnum, chamomile infusion, decoction of string and celandine are used. in children, it quickly goes into remission when using lotions with infusion and decoction of oak bark.

Decoctions of medicinal herbs can be taken orally. These are decoctions of yarrow, nettle, birch leaf, oregano.

Lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis in children is characterized by persistent enlargement of lymph nodes, disruption of the thymus - thymus gland. Such children often have allergic manifestations, infectious diseases.

The skin is pale, the muscles are not sufficiently developed, the adenoid growths and palatine tonsils are enlarged. During the examination, an increase in the size of the thymus gland is diagnosed.

Treatment

Pediatric care offers various treatment options for the lymphatic constitution. Treatment of diathesis in children under one year old does not involve the use of drugs and immunomodulators.

Particular importance is attached to the correct daily routine, hardening, walking. Doctors advise taking vitamins and adaptogens (ginseng, eleutherococcus). With an increase in adenoids, treatment with an ENT doctor is recommended, which consists in the use of physiotherapeutic and surgical techniques.

Hemorrhagic diathesis

Hemorrhagic diathesis in children is a group of diseases characterized by a predisposition to bleeding.

Bleeding tendency occurs as a result of the following reasons:

• decrease in the number and dysfunction of platelets (thrombocytopathy,);
• blood clotting disorders (with, DIC syndrome);
• pathology of the vascular wall (hypovitaminosis, hemorrhagic vasculitis).

The symptoms of hemorrhagic diathesis are the following manifestations:

• hemorrhagic rashes (red dots that do not disappear when the skin is stretched);
• the formation of bruises, hemorrhages, pigmentation on the child's body;
• there may be frequent nosebleeds;
• in severe cases, hematomas occur, blood can fill the capsule of the joints (hemarthrosis), leading to dysfunction of the limbs.

Such children need a complete examination by a hematologist, pediatric rheumatologist, pediatrician.

Diagnostic laboratory methods - complete blood count, coagulogram, determination of bleeding time.

Treatment

In the treatment of hemorrhagic diathesis, corticosteroid drugs are used, agents preventing the fragility of the vascular wall, vitamins, and replacement therapy with blood preparations. In severe cases, surgical removal of the spleen, plasmapheresis is used. If blood is found in the joint capsule, puncture is performed.

Some children have an innate tendency to produce uric acid. Acid crystals are capable of forming clusters in the kidneys and bladder. Provided proper nutrition, uric acid diathesis can have a latent veiled course. The urine of patients has increased acidity as a result of a large amount of uric acid salts.

Subsequently, this type of diathesis can cause the formation of urolithiasis, gout, interstitial nephritis, arthritis.

Treatment

Therapy includes the following points:

• adherence to a diet with the exclusion of foods rich in purines from the diet;
• eating foods containing calcium;
• children are advised to drink more liquid, mineral water. Limit sweets, spices, herbs, offal.

Neuro-arthritic diathesis is considered a special case of uric acid diathesis in children.

Specifications:

From birth, babies do not sleep well, are easily excitable. There may be a headache characterized by paroxysmal pain, abdominal pains.

When examining the baby, an increase in the level of ketones, nitrogenous bases, uric acid in blood tests is revealed.

Treatment

• rationally planned regimen;
• exclusion of a long stay in front of the TV, computer.

Such children are prone to developing acetone crises. The child becomes moody and whiny, indomitable vomiting develops, which is fraught with dehydration. Hyperexcitability gives way to lethargy, the smell of acetone emanates from the child.

First aid for a crisis is to give a drink of sweet tea, juice, mineral water of an alkaline reaction and call the ambulance team.

The child needs hospitalization to recover his health. If you easily got rid of vomiting or abdominal pain, this does not mean that the baby does not need an examination in a hospital setting. Diabetes mellitus may be hidden under the guise of neuro-arthritic diathesis.

It just so happened that the concept of diathesis in most people is associated with rashes in the form of many red spots on the face and hands of a child, something like an allergic reaction or prickly heat. Indeed, this is often how it manifests itself.

But parents who are faced with this problem need to remember that this is a broader concept, and to Diathesis - how to smear the cheeks? it is worth treating with due attention so that in the future the child does not have complications in the form of a more serious illness.

Diathesis in children- by and large, this is not even a disease, it is a special condition of the child's body, characterized by a tendency to the occurrence of certain diseases. Such diseases can be not only allergic reactions, but also convulsions or respiratory infections.

Exudative (or allergic) diathesis often manifests itself in children in the first months of life and is characterized by redness on the baby's cheeks and forehead, which then becomes covered with a thin crust. The appearance of allergic diathesis does not depend on the method of feeding it (breastfeeding or artificial), moreover, the tendency to diathesis is laid already at the stage of intrauterine development, therefore, even before the birth of the baby, it is so important to take care of its proper nutrition.
The expectant mother should follow a diet and not eat "harmful" foods.
If your child is breastfed, then you need to closely monitor the condition of the baby's skin on a daily basis, and when the first signs of diathesis appear, adjust the mother's diet. Potential allergens should be excluded from the diet of a nursing mother: citrus fruits, chocolate, coffee, pickles, smoked meats, semolina, red vegetables and fruits. Care should be taken when consuming cow's milk (no more than 0.5 liters per day, 2.5% fat).
If the child is artificially fed, then when signs of diathesis appear, the mixture must be changed. You should also be wary of "experimenting" with new mixtures.
Allergic diathesis itself is not so terrible, but it must be carefully treated to avoid more serious diseases such as seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, neurodermatitis. In addition, the risk of developing allergic diseases (allergies to dust, pet hair and other non-food allergens) is increased.

The following factors affect the appearance of diathesis:
- environment
- heredity
- during pregnancy (early toxicosis, drug use)
- non-compliance with diet during pregnancy and lactation
- increased body weight of the child

The most effective way to treat diathesis is to identify foods that your child is allergic to and eliminate them from the diet. It is also imperative to visit a dermatologist who will prescribe medication (relieving itching, sedatives and vitamins). Topically applied ointments and lotions, herbal baths.

You can also treat diathesis with folk remedies. Here are some recipes:

- Prepare the mixture: string herb - 20 g, walnut leaves - 10 g, tricolor violet herb - 40 g, burdock root - 30 g, white white grass - 20 g, yarrow herb - 20 g, black currant leaves - 20 g , strawberry leaves - 30 g, bearberry leaves - 60 g, birch leaves - 30 g.
Pour 4 tablespoons of the mixture with 0.5 liters of cold water and leave for 6-8 hours, then boil for 10 minutes and strain. Give the child 2 tablespoons 3 times a day.

- Pour a tablespoon of chopped burdock root with 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave, wrapped for 1-2 hours, drain. Take 0.5 cups 3-4 times a day warm as a blood-purifying and metabolism-improving agent.

20 g of dry grass of the string is poured with a glass of cold water, brought to a boil and filtered. Take with diathesis 1 tablespoon 3 times a day before meals. The infusion can be used for compresses and lotions.

- Mix 1 part of fir oil and 3 parts of baby cream or olive oil with the addition of vitamin C. You can prepare an ointment from 3 parts of fir oil, 3 parts of sulfur ointment and 4 parts of baby cream. Lubricate the affected skin.

- The grass of the violet tricolor, the grass of the three-part series, the grass of the white lamb, the leaves of the wild strawberry, mix equally. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of hot water, boil for 20 minutes over low heat, cool, strain. Take a glass 3-4 times a day before meals for furunculosis, skin rashes, diathesis.

- Give the child a teaspoon of flour made from the shell of a fresh egg (the film on the inside must be removed). Flour is extinguished with a little lemon juice. It should be taken within a month. This flour also helps to strengthen and grow teeth.

- Pour a tablespoon of dry crushed roots of creeping wheatgrass with 0.5 liters of water, boil for 15 minutes, leave, wrapped for 2 hours, drain. Drink 0.5 cups 3-4 times a day before meals as a blood-purifying and restoring metabolism for various skin diseases.

- 15 g of dry crushed viburnum bark is poured with 2 cups of boiling water, left on the stove for 30 minutes, then filtered and the volume is brought to 200 ml. Give children 1 teaspoon 3 times a day.

- Give your child black radish juice 3 times a day 20 minutes before meals. You need to start with 1 drop and, daily increasing the dose by 2 drops, bring to 1 tablespoon.

- Pour a teaspoon of crushed dandelion roots with a glass of boiling water. Insist, wrapped, 1-2 hours, drain. Drink 50 ml 3-4 times a day half an hour before meals.

In addition to distinguish more neuro-arthric diathesis, which is characterized by the occurrence of a genetic deterministic deterioration in the function of certain enzymes that are involved in purine metabolism and the synthesis of uric acid.
Instability of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism appears, as well as a tendency to ketoacidosis, which is caused by a decrease in the activity of acetylation processes in the liver.

Neuro-arthric diathesis occurs in no more than 3% of children. Such babies behave more capriciously than ordinary children, they are easily excitable, have a poor appetite. In addition, they are prone to obesity, night fears, seizures, high blood pressure.

To diagnose neuro-arthric diathesis, an analysis is carried out to identify latent forms of diathesis.

As well as allergic diathesis, neuro-arthric requires compulsory treatment. This form of diathesis can cause:
- gallstone disease
- diabetes
- arthrosis
- gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer

Babies suffering from neuro-arthric diathesis need to follow a diet that restricts foods containing purine bases (poultry, sardines, herring, chocolate, cocoa, offal), take Vitamin B6.

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