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YAKOV

HISTORY AND MEANING OF THE NAME YAKOV- The name Yakov (old. Jacob), Russian form of the name Jacob of Hebrew origin, literally meaning - heel. And in a figurative sense - the second born of two twins, who appeared “on the heels” of the first; he follows someone; next, stutterer.

A brave, bright and strong name, where the characteristics - good, simple and joyful - also stand out especially noticeably. Nowadays the name is rare.

NAME DAYS AND PATRON SAINTS OF JAKOB

James Alpheus, apostle of the twelve, brother of the holy evangelist Matthew. For his faith in Christ he was crucified on the cross in Egypt, July 13 (June 30), October 22 (9).
Jacob Borovichsky, Novgorod, Fool for Christ's sake, November 5 (October 23).
James Brahm of the Lord according to the flesh, apostle of the seventy, 1st bishop of Jerusalem, martyr, January 17 (4), November 5 (October 23).
Jacob Bryleevsky, Rev., April 24 (11).
Jacob of Zheleznoborovsky, venerable, disciple of Saint Sergius of Radonezh, April 24 (11), May 18 (5).
James Zebedee, apostle of the twelve, brother of the Apostle John the Theologian. He preached the Holy Gospel in Spain and other countries. He died as a martyr in Jerusalem in 42 AD, on May 13 (April 30), July 13 (June 30).
Jacob of Carmel (Palestinian), hermit, faster, March 17 (4).
James of Catania (Sicily), bishop, confessor, April 3 (March 21), April 6 (March 24).
James of Constantinople, martyr, August 22 (9).
Jacob Menyuzhsky, Novgorod, July 7 (June 24).
Jacob of Mesukevia, Georgian, martyr, April 28 (15).
James of Nisibius (Nisibi), bishop, January 26 (13).
Jacob of Omuch, Rev., November 3 (October 21).
James of Persia, presbyter, martyr, April 23 (10).
Jacob the Persian, great martyr, December 10 (November 27).
James the Zealot, Persian, presbyter, martyr, November 14 (1).
Jacob of Rostov, bishop, June 5 (May 23), December 10 (November 27).
Jacob of Samosata, martyr, February 11 (January 29).
Jacob of Serbia, Archbishop, September 12 (August 30).
Jacob the Syrian, hermit, December 9 (November 26).
Jacob (Israel), son of Isaac, Old Testament patriarch.

ZODIACALITY OF THE NAME YAKOV- Calf.

PATRON PLANET OF JACOB- Moon.

COLOR OF THE NAME YAKOV- Red, bright scarlet and blue.

JAKOB'S RADIATION - 96%.

VIBRATION OF JACOB- 93,000 fps.

JAKOV'S TALISMAN STONE- Red jasper.

JACOB'S PLANT- Chestnut, purslane and nettle.

JACOB'S ANIMAL- Yak and horse.

MAIN CHARACTER TRAITS OF JAKOV- Practicality, prudence, hard work. He strives to bring any undertaking to completion.

JAKOV'S TYPE- Kind, reliable, friendly person. These are male horsemen, male arrows. They are always easy to communicate with.

CHARACTER NAMED YAKOV YAKOV- His word is firm, he will never let down anyone who trusts him. However, steps keep falling out of his social ladder. Sometimes Yakov is filled with hidden envy of more successful people all his life. And such feelings break out uncontrollably in drunkenness. Then Yakov is unbearable. He views sex as a means of his spiritual self-discovery, allowing him to moderate his inner passions, and as an inexhaustible source of joy.

THE FATE OF JAKOV- Yasha is a bit slow-witted. He must get used to the new situation and new people. Always gives preference to old, trusted friends. Fate strives to give him a surprise, often not the best one. However, this is a person living in complete harmony with himself.

JAKOV'S PSYCHE- Yakov is delicate and gentle in his communication. Tries not to cause accidental offense. He doesn’t have to pretend or pretend. However, he is overwhelmed by pride and strives to please everyone.

JAKOV'S INTUITION- Excessive. Yakov is hypersensitive, farsighted, and anticipates events.

JAKOB'S THINKING- High, synthetic mentality. Yakov is smart and cunning.

JACOB'S MORALITY- He has special respect for his father and considers him a role model. The highest blessings of life for him are pleasures and pleasures. An extreme situation can change his character in the opposite direction.

JAKOV'S HEALTH- Impeccable. However, Yakov quickly gets tired and is prone to mental stress. He easily develops respiratory diseases. Predisposed to obesity. Weak organs - eyes, high blood pressure may bother you.

The Spaniards lost heart. For more than a year they have been wandering through the inhospitable lands of the northern continent, and instead of gold and lush stone cities they encounter only savages, death and danger at every step. Many began to talk openly about returning. Only the pigs maintained enviable good spirits and tirelessly continued to breed.

Just at this difficult moment, Soto received secret news that his ships were in the Gulf of Mexico, at the mouth of Alabama, just six days away. What a temptation! Maybe we should really give up and turn to the sea? And end the campaign ingloriously, empty-handed, having needlessly killed one and a half hundred comrades? No! You need to show perseverance, and luck will come to you. And Soto, having given the army a two-week rest, turned his back to the ships and moved north, into the very heart of the Mysterious Continent. A true conquistador!

After a two-week march, the expedition reached the land of the Chickasawa Indians. At first, relations with the natives developed well: the leader gave the newcomers one and a half hundred rabbits, and the Spaniards responded by treating the Indians to pork. And the natives liked the juicy meat so much that soon a widespread theft of pigs from the pens began. Soto could not tolerate such a shameless attack: he personally shot two of the caught thieves with a bow, and sent the third home with his hands cut off.

In December 1540, Soto stopped for the winter in an Indian village, driving out its inhabitants. A month passed calmly, and the conquistadors, having lost their vigilance, stopped posting guards. One night, the Indians attacked the Spanish camp from four sides at once. The thatched roofs of the huts caught fire, and the wind instantly scattered the flames throughout the village. The sleepy Spaniards could not find weapons; they jumped out of the burning houses in their mother's clothes and fell under clouds of arrows. The cattle pens collapsed, the pigs ran around in flames with shrill squeals, like devils in hell, destroying everything in their path. The maddened horses broke free of their leashes and, with a loud neigh, rushed in all directions into the darkness. They saved the situation by scaring the Indians to death.

The rising sun illuminated the bleak picture. Undressed people crowded helplessly around fires in the middle of the ashes. Clothes and saddles, tents and food supplies burned, swords, pikes and halberds melted in the fire. Forty soldiers and fifty horses were killed. And the saddest thing: from the mighty herd of pigs, raised with such labor literally piglet by piglet, only a hundred heads remained!

Soto ordered the soldiers to weave mats from grass and cover their naked bodies, build a forge and reforge damaged weapons, so that he awaited the next attack in full combat readiness. The Indians had to retreat.

Another would not have endured such a blow of fate, would have given up on everything and turned to the ships, since there was still plenty of pork for the return journey. But no troubles could stop the true conquistador. Spring came, and the conquistadors again rushed forward into the unknown, and again with continuous battles. The guide Pedro is no longer mentioned in the chronicles of the expedition - apparently, the Spaniards executed the liar. Now Soto himself led the expedition, leading at random, turning now to the north, now to the south, but generally adhering to the western direction. The character of the area has changed. On the way there were countless lakes, oxbow lakes, rivulets and channels, which greatly hampered the advance of the army. Everything spoke of the proximity of a huge river.

Today tochka.net will tell you when Jacob's Day is celebrated, the saint's biography, traditions and signs of this day.

On November 5, the Orthodox Church celebrates the feast day of the Holy Apostle James. In 2016, this day falls on Saturday.

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Saint Jacob - biography

Jacob's Day, Jerusalem © depositphotos

Saint Jacob (Jacob) is the brother of Jesus Christ in the flesh, the son of the righteous Joseph the Betrothed from his first marriage, the husband of the Most Holy Theotokos.

From early childhood, Jacob was a Nazarite - a man dedicated to God. The Nazarenes took a vow of pure and holy life, observance of virginity, taming the flesh, strict fasting, abstinence from wine, and unceasing prayer.

When the Savior told the people about the Kingdom of God, Jacob believed in Christ, the Son of God, and became his apostle. He was the first bishop of Jerusalem, consecrated by Christ himself, the author of the Divine Liturgy, which became the basis of the liturgies compiled by Saints Basil the Great and John Chrysostom. The Epistle of the Apostle James is included in the books of the Holy Scriptures of the New Testament.

During his life, Saint Jacob converted many people to Christianity. For his unshakable faith in the Lord, the Jews planned to kill him by pushing him from the roof of the Jerusalem temple and finishing him off with stones. Accepting martyrdom, Yakov did not stop praying to the Lord for his executioners.

READ ALSO:

Saint James - prayer

As a disciple of the Lord, you accepted the Gospel, righteously, as a martyr and indescribable, with boldness as a brother of God, who prayed like a hierarch: pray to Christ God for the salvation of our souls.

Jacob's Day - folk traditions, rituals and signs

Saint James was considered the patron saint of any male work that was done on this day, and there was a lot of it - carpentry, hardware, carpentry, etc.

But on Jacob's day the girls went from house to house and looked after what the boys were doing. If the guy worked, it means that his husband will be a hard worker, but if he was lying on the stove, it was not worth going for such a thing.

They cut down forests for Yakov and prepared firewood for the winter. People noticed that if you do this on time, the house will be warm in winter. It was advisable to finish the work before sunset.

Usually it was time for Yakov to harness the horses to the sleigh, so the day was also called “Guzhniki.” The men checked and repaired all the horse harness, made tugs - special loops that attach the shafts to the arc.

Bee games were popular among the people on Jacob's Day. People imitated bees, flew, buzzed, ate honey cakes. It was believed that the more honey you eat, the louder you will buzz, the better the bees will swarm in the spring, and the more honey there will be in the summer.

According to the lives of St. Demetrius of Rostov

October 23 (November 5)

The Life and Suffering of the Holy Apostle James, Brother of the Lord in the Flesh

WITH Saint Jacob was the son of righteous Joseph, to whom the Most Pure Virgin was betrothed. From his youth he loved a strict life: he never ate various kinds of meats, did not consume oil, but only bread served him as food; He also never drank wine or any other intoxicating drink, but quenched his thirst with water; He did not even visit the baths - in a word, he rejected everything that gave pleasure to the body; on his body he constantly wore a coarse hair shirt; He devoted all his nights to prayer, falling asleep only for a short time; from frequent bows to the ground, the skin on his knees had become rough like a camel's. Jacob observed the purity of his virginity until the end of his life.

This legend has reached us about why he is called the brother of God. When his father Joseph divided the land between his children from his first wife, he also wanted to give some part to the Lord Jesus Christ, born of the Most Pure Virgin, betrothed to Joseph; all Joseph's sons opposed this desire of their father; Jacob alone accepted Jesus Christ (then still a small youth) into joint ownership of his share, which is why he began to be called the brother of the Lord. This name was also given to Jacob on the following occasion. When our Lord Jesus Christ became incarnate, and the Most Pure Virgin Mary fled with Him to Egypt, then Jacob fled with them, accompanying the Most Pure Mother of God and Saint Joseph, his father.

When Jesus Christ reached adulthood and taught the people about the kingdom of God, revealing himself to be the true Messiah, Saint James believed in Him and, listening to His Divine teaching, became even more inflamed with love for God and began to lead an even more strict and pious life. And the Lord especially loved Saint James. Thus, after His voluntary suffering and resurrection from the dead, Christ appeared separately from the other apostles to James, His brother according to the flesh, as the Apostle Paul mentions this, saying:

Then he appeared to Jacob, also the apostle to all (1 Cor. 18:7).

Seeing Jacob's righteous and God-pleasing life, everyone called Jacob righteous, and he was numbered among the seventy apostles. The newly enlightened Church of Jerusalem was entrusted to him. Guided by the Holy Spirit, James was the first to compose and write the rite of the Divine Liturgy, which was then shortened, for the sake of human weakness, first by Basil the Great, and then by John Chrysostom. While shepherding the flock of Christ in Jerusalem, the saint converted many Jews and Greeks with his teachings to God and guided them on the right path. What also remains from him is a conciliar letter to the twelve tribes of Israel, a source of truly divinely inspired and soul-helping teaching, with which the entire Church of Christ is adorned, learning about faith and good deeds. All not only believers, but even infidels treated Saint James with great respect and reverence for his virtuous life: the high priests, who themselves entered the Holy of Holies only once a year to perform services, did not prevent the righteous man from entering there and praying. Seeing the purity of his immaculate life, they even changed his name, namely, they began to call him Obli or Ofli, which means: “fence, affirmation to people,” or they called him the most righteous of all. Often, not only during the day, but even at night, Jacob entered the Holy of Holies and here, falling on his face, with tears he offered prayers to the Lord for the whole world. All the people loved Jacob because of his holiness; many of the elders of the Jews believed in the doctrine that he preached, and everyone enjoyed listening to him; many people gathered to see him: some wanting to hear his teaching, others wanting to touch the hem of his robe. At this time, Ananias became the bishop of Judea. Seeing that all the people were listening attentively to the teachings of Jacob, and many were turning to Christ, Ananias with the scribes and Pharisees, out of envy of the saint, were angry with him and, harboring anger in their hearts, began to think about how to kill him. And they agreed to ask the saint to turn people away from Christ with his teaching; at the same time, they decided, if he did not agree to do this, to kill him.

Meanwhile, the Easter holiday was approaching, and many people flocked from everywhere to Jerusalem to celebrate this holiday there.

Festus, the proconsul who delivered the Apostle Paul from the hands of the Jews and sent him to Rome, had already died, and a successor had not yet been sent to him from Rome. Taking advantage of this, the scribes and Pharisees made the following request to Jacob in the temple:

We beseech you, righteous man, that on the day of Easter, for which many people have gathered from everywhere, you preach a lesson to him; Convince them that they are mistaken in considering Jesus the Son of God, and persuade them to abandon their false opinion. We all honor you, we listen to you, like all the people; We are all firmly convinced that you speak only the truth and do not look at faces; so persuade the people so that they are not seduced by the Crucified Jesus; We pray you - stand on the high roof of the temple so that everyone can see and hear you, for for the holiday - you see for yourself - many people have gathered, both from Jews and from other nations.

After these words, they took him to the roof of the temple and shouted loudly:

O righteous one! we all must believe you. This people are mistaken in following the Crucified Jesus; Therefore, tell us in truth, what do you yourself think about Christ?

Why are you asking me about the Son of Man, Who voluntarily suffered, was crucified, buried, and rose from the dead on the third day? He now sits in heaven at the right hand of the Most High and will come again on the clouds of heaven to judge the living and the dead.

Hearing this testimony of James about Jesus Christ, the people rejoiced greatly, and they all exclaimed with one voice:

God bless! Hosanna to the Son of David!

The Pharisees and scribes said:

We acted imprudently in allowing James to speak about Jesus, for the people became even more confused.

And so, in anger and rage, they overthrew Jacob from the roof of the temple, to the fear of everyone, so that the people would not believe the words of the saint.

And the righteous was deceived, they shouted.

Jacob fell from the roof of the temple and was badly injured; Barely alive, the righteous man knelt down and, raising his hands to the sky, prayed like this:

God! forgive them this sin, for they do not know what they are doing.

The Pharisees began to throw stones at the saint, which caused him wounds. One man from the family of Rihavob exclaimed:

Stop, what are you doing? a righteous man prays for you, and you stone him.

At this time, one man with a bleach roller in his hands rushed at the saint and hit him on the head with such force that his entire brain flowed out to the ground, and in this torment Jacob gave up his spirit to the Lord.

His holy body was buried there near the temple, and the believers bitterly mourned the righteous man. For 30 years the saint was the bishop of the Jerusalem church and in the 66th year of his life he suffered for Christ, to whom, with the Father and the Holy Spirit, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.

Troparion, tone 2:

As a disciple of the Lord, you have accepted the Gospel, righteously, / as a martyr and as indescribable, / as a brother of God, / as a brother of God, / to pray as a hierarch: / pray to Christ God for the salvation of our souls.

Kontakion, tone 4:

The Father's only begotten God the Word, who came to us in the last days, is divine to Jacob: the first to show the people of Jerusalem a shepherd and teacher, and a faithful builder of spiritual sacraments. In the same way, we all honor you, Apostle.

________________________________________________________________________

1 Memory of St. Righteous Joseph, betrothed to the Blessed Virgin Mary, takes place on December 26th. In accordance with the clear evidence of Scripture (Matt. 13:55; Mark 6:3; Gal. 1:17), the Church, contrary to the opinion of some interpreters, clearly distinguishes the holy Apostle James, the brother of the Lord in the flesh, from those who belong to the 12 apostles of James Zebedee , whose memory is celebrated on April 30, and Jacob Alfeev, whose memory is celebrated on October 9. Jacob, the brother of the Lord according to the flesh, is called the same as the son of Joseph by his first wife. He was the brother of the Apostle Jude from the rank of 12, which is why this one, by his name, received the name Jacob, and Josiah from the rank of 70 apostles, and is also known by the name of Jacob “little” or “lesser” (Mark 15:40) .

2 From his very birth, the Holy Apostle James was a Nazirite, that is, a person dedicated to God, who voluntarily gave Him vows of strict abstinence from all wine and strong drinks in general, from cutting hair, etc. The vows of Nazirites served as an expression of the purity and holiness of life, which must belong to the entire people of Israel, as God’s chosen people and therefore sacred.

3 Tradition adds to this that, in continuation of the passion of Christ, St. The Apostle James hid in one cave, in the Valley of Jehoshaphat, having vowed not to eat food until the Lord rose from the dead, and that the Lord, after His resurrection, honored him with His special appearance in this very cave. Therefore, subsequently, in the first centuries of Christianity, this cave was turned into a temple, and now it is still shown to pious worshipers.

4 According to the ancient writers closest to the time of the apostles (Clement of Alexandria, Eusebius of Caesarea, etc.), after the ascension of the Savior, the apostles Peter, James Zebedee and John, although preferred by the Lord, did not argue about honor, but chose St. James as bishop and primate of the Jerusalem Church - the mother of Christian churches, when he was 34 years old from birth, according to his election and appointment to this ministry by Christ Himself.

5 Divine Liturgy composed by St. by the Apostle James, the brother of the Lord, is still celebrated in Jerusalem on the day of remembrance of this apostle.

6 The Council Epistle was written by St. Jacob around 59 AD. to Christians from Judea who lived in dispersion, during the persecution of Christians, which forced them to leave Jerusalem. This message is filled with lofty teaching and the evangelical spirit. It consists of various kinds of moral instructions and, in its general content, can be called an exhortation to patiently endure suffering. During the divine service of the Orthodox Church, the conciliar epistle of the Apostle James is read throughout, not only as an ordinary apostolic reading during the liturgy, but also during other prayers (for example, during the blessing of oil, at a prayer service during periods of rainlessness, and even during the all-night vigil, as a proverb).

7 The universal reverent respect for the Apostle James by believers, led by the apostles themselves, was especially strongly expressed at the Apostolic Council, which took place in Jerusalem around 60 A.D. to resolve the question: should pagans turning to the Church be forced to undergo circumcision and observe the Old Testament ritual law. The Apostle James presided over this council and, after much debate and reasoning, after the speech of the Apostle Peter and the story of the apostles Paul and Barnabas about the successes of their preaching among the pagans, he concluded the council’s deliberations with his speech, in which, in certain terms, he offered his judgment on the issue raised, believing “ “not to make it difficult for the Gentiles who turn to God,” but to write to them that they should abstain from what is defiled by idols, from fornication, from things strangled and from blood, and that they do not do to others what they do not want for themselves” (Acts 15:13-20). This is a judgment The revered righteous James by all was accepted by the entire council and approved by the will of the Holy Spirit, which was clear to all (v. 28). Around the same time, the Apostle Paul, wanting to test the purity of his teaching, turned to the apostles: Peter, John and James, whom he revered as the pillars of the Church Christ, appointing James as the first of them (Gal. 2:10) - and they recognized in him the great dignity of a teacher of languages.The Apostle Paul treated St. James with such deep respect subsequently. When he arrived in Jerusalem before his first bonds, his first duty was to go to St. James and told him, as the pillar of the Church of Christ and the head of the oldest Church of Jerusalem, about what God had done among the pagans through his ministry (Acts 21:18-19).

8 The “Holy of Holies” was the inner, most sacred part of the temple of Jerusalem, where only the high priest entered, and only once a year, on the day of atonement, he set up his censer with incense and sprinkled sacrificial blood over the purgatory to cleanse the sins of the people. But the ark of the covenant with its shrines (the frozen rod of Aaron, the golden vessel with manna, the tablets of the law given by God through Moses) was no longer in the temple at that time. Here there was only one stone from the first temple of Solomon, and the curtain that separated the Holy of Holies from the next section of the temple - the sanctuary - was torn into two, from top to bottom, during the death of Jesus Christ on the cross.

9 In Greek: "ovlias" - protection or stronghold of the people and truth.

10 Ananias - the high priest of the Jews, the son of the Nebedee, who received the high priestly dignity from Herod Agrippa II; was a stubborn enemy of Christians and in general a daring, cruel and unjust person and belonged to the sect of the Sadducees, who rejected traditions, the Providence of God, the spirituality and immortality of the soul, the existence of angels - and drowned in sensual pleasures and vices and earthly interests. Being the culprit in the death of the Apostle James, Ananias subsequently unjustly judged the Apostle Paul and wanted to destroy him (Acts 23:2,14-15; 24:1-9), but for his untruths he himself experienced the most bitter fate: by the same king Agrippa he was deprived high priesthood and was finally killed during the Jewish revolt against the Romans.

11 Festus, nicknamed Porcius, was the Roman ruler of Judea, who ruled it for no more than three years and died around 62 AD; he cared about the restoration of order in Palestine, using both severity and justice for this.

12 The martyrdom of the Apostle James followed around 63 AD. He died at an old age. They buried him at the place of his death; A monument still stands over his grave near the temple. According to the testimony of Origen, a church writer of the 3rd century, the death of the righteous James, which happened shortly before the Jewish War, made such an impression on the Jews that the subsequent disasters of the war and the destruction of Jerusalem were considered by them to be God's punishment for the murder of this righteous man. - In the 11th century, St. Theophan the hymnist, Archbishop of Nicea, Blessed. George of Nicomedia and subsequently Byzantium wrote many hymns in honor of St. ap. Jacob, now sung on the day of his memory. Relics of St. ap. James were in Constantinople with the Russian pilgrim Anthony in 1200 in the chapel of the Chalcopratian temple, and the head was in the temple of the holy apostles. Currently, his relics, according to some, are in Rome in the Church of the 12 Apostles. In Moscow, at the Old Jerusalem Compound, part of his relics, sent by the Patriarch of Alexandria Hierotheos in 1853, is preserved.