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Since childhood, we have been familiar with the technology of sawing with a jigsaw. The principle is simple - a fixed part is placed on a stand with a technological cutout, the cut is made by moving the file.
The quality of work depends on the hardness of the hands and the skill of the worker. In this article, we will tell you how to make a jigsaw machine yourself. For…
Do-it-yourself jigsaw machine - drawings and video details
Since childhood, we have been familiar with the technology of sawing with a jigsaw. The principle is simple - a fixed part is placed on a stand with a technological cutout, the cut is made by moving the file. The quality of work depends on the firmness of the hands and the skill of the worker.
In this article we will tell you how to make a jigsaw machine yourself. For those who do not want to bother and are ready to buy a factory tool, an article review by Viktor Tagaev - 11 popular jigsaws will be useful
In this way, you can literally cut lace from thin wooden or plastic blanks. However, the process is laborious and slow. Therefore, many masters thought about small-scale mechanization.
A simple design from the last century
Even in the magazine "Young Technician" drawings were offered on how to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands. Moreover, the design does not imply an electric drive, the drive works from muscular strength, like knife grinders.
The machine consists of the main parts:
- bed (A)
- desktop (B) with a slot for the canvas
- lever system (B) for holding the saw blade
- flywheel (D), which is the primary drive pulley
- crank mechanism (D), combined with the secondary drive pulley, and driving the levers (B)
- pedal assembly (E) with a crank mechanism that drives the flywheel (D)
- saw blade tensioner (W)
With the foot of the foot, the master sets the flywheel (D) in motion. With the help of a belt drive, the crank mechanism (D), connected to the lower lever (B), rotates. A file is stretched between the levers, the degree of tension is regulated by a lanyard (G).
With a well-balanced flywheel, a sufficient smoothness of the saw blade is ensured, and such a home-made jigsaw machine allows you to massively cut out the same type of workpiece, saving time and effort. In those days, jigsaw saw blades were produced in the form of a flat tape with unidirectional action.
Therefore, to obtain patterns of complex shape, it was necessary to rotate the workpiece around the canvas. The dimensions of the workpiece are limited by the length of the levers (B).
From mechanical jigsaw to electric one step
The foot drive cannot give real freedom of action and uniformity of the sawing stroke. It is more reasonable to adapt an electric motor for a crank mechanism. However, if you use a desktop jigsaw from time to time, it makes no sense to make a stationary structure with its own motor.
How to use cold welding, and what is this term?
You can use household power tools. For example - a screwdriver with a speed controller.
Materials are used, literally from wooden scraps and old trash. The only critical part is the frame. It is better to make it from durable plywood with a thickness of at least 18 mm.
We make all connections on wood screws, the joints can be smeared with PVA glue. We assemble a support pedestal for the lever rod from the same material. The design of the support should not have backlashes; the subsequent accuracy of the operation of the entire machine depends on its strength.
The lever structure is assembled from wooden blanks. Of course, ordinary pine bars will not work here. You should use oak or beech. Don't let the cost of such material scare you - the legs from an old chair are perfectly used for levers. We cut out the straightest sections - and a strong lever mechanism is ready.
At the ends of the levers, we make longitudinal cuts, into which we install the attachment of the saw blade for jigsaws. The mount itself is a metal plate 2-3 mm thick with holes. The upper hole is for fixing in the lever, the lower one is used for clamping the saw blade. For convenience, we use wing nuts.
In the lower arm, a similar design in a mirror design.
We install the lever system in the frame. We connect the rear parts of the levers with a screw tie (lanyard). With its help, the tension of the saw blade is adjusted.
IMPORTANT! Before assembling the lever mechanism, it is necessary to determine the size of the canvases. The whole structure is calculated according to the length of the file. The levers should be as parallel as possible to each other.
For convenience, you can install a supporting spring. In addition to the main function, it will serve as a buffer that softens jerks during the reciprocating movement of the mechanism.
The crank mechanism is made of plywood 10-12 mm thick. To fix the axis of rotation, we use embedded bearings that fit into the prepared holes in the racks.
A gas generator with automatic start in case of a power outage will keep your home cozy
Racks are interconnected, forming a solid support for the flywheel. An ordinary bolt or stud is used as an axis. Strength class not less than 8.
We connect the flywheel to the lower arm using a connecting rod. It is made from the same plywood. To increase the length of the seat under the axle, we glue the two halves. The rods for connecting to the lever are metal.
We check the course of the trapezoid - the levers should move freely, the tension of the canvas does not change. The axis of rotation can be lubricated with grease. After combining all the axial connections, we produce the final fixing of the structure.
The next stage is the manufacture of a desktop with a rotary mechanism. A swivel arc with a slot is cut out of plywood.
We install the table on the bed, to tighten the rotary mechanism we use a wing nut or we make a convenient flywheel from wood. Turning the tabletop will allow you to cut the floor at different angles.
An electric screwdriver is used as a drive. The cartridge is connected to the flywheel axis, and we get a removable electric motor. You use an electrical appliance as usual, and when you need to start a homemade jigsaw, you connect a screwdriver to the flywheel axis.
We use a clamp with a variable force as a speed controller.
This simple fixture is made from a screw tie (from a table lamp or clamp) and a durable strap.
Drawings for manufacturing are not required, all structural elements are made "in place". It is convenient to work with the machine, despite the simplicity of the design.
You can make a machine according to this drawing, it does not change the essence. Everything has been tested and will work.
A very instructive video of the English craftsman. A detailed story showing drawings and a demonstration of making a jigsaw machine from plywood, and a screwdriver was used as an engine, you can also adapt a drill.
Stationary design for intensive use
- The bed is cut from a heavy chipboard (you can use old furniture), a stand for a lever structure made of textolite or hardboard. The levers themselves are made from square steel tubing. Blanks do not have to be bought, they can be found in your garage (shed) or at recycling points
Removable machines - what is it and how to make a fixture yourself
- Fasteners for the canvas can be made independently or picked up from an old jigsaw (hacksaw). Conventional saw blades for wood jigsaws are used. You can fix the clamps with screws, or with a tin and a soldering iron.
- It doesn't matter which device you take the drive from. The main thing is a serviceable electric motor and a workable gearbox. You do not need power, the gear ratios provide the torque
The design is assembled from regular elements of the gearbox. If necessary, the fastening of the connecting rod can be reinforced with an additional metal insert. All racks and fasteners are made of metal. So there are less vibrations, and there will be no wear.
- The material of the countertop does not matter, the main thing is rigidity and smoothness. It is necessary to provide for rotation around the longitudinal axis. Therefore, the working slot must be long
- To keep your hands free during operation, it is best to start the drive with a foot switch or pedal. You can use an old sewing machine attachment or make your own button.
- In order to make the jigsaw more accurate, it is necessary to eliminate the backlash of the blade at the cutting point. For this, a roller guide is installed.
It can be made with your own hands, again from improvised materials.
The lever supporting the guide is made movable so that the device can be used only when necessary.
- The web tension in this design is carried out by a spring. The lower arm provides reciprocating motion, while the upper arm is only needed to support the saw blade.
Bottom line: you can make a jigsaw yourself without large financial costs. The main thing is to decide on the tasks, and choose the optimal design.
Alexander turned out a very interesting home-made jigsaw machine. For a step-by-step description with an explanation of the dimensions of the parts, see this video.
Do-it-yourself jigsaw machine for sawing: photo and video
This article will focus on the design of a home-made machine from a household electric jigsaw. Below are step-by-step instructions, photos, videos, as well as drawings and diagrams.
Introduction
There are a lot of design options - from the simplest, where the file just sticks out of the table top, to rather complex designs with guides, the possibility of sawing at an angle, when it is possible to set the file not only 90 degrees to the base, but change the angle (well, within reason, certainly). There are devices (machines) for sawing, that is, making a straight and even cut.
Such devices are increasingly being used because of their versatility and functionality. In fact, they are similar in parameters and purpose to stationary machines and have a strictly defined practical application in every workshop.
Purpose
A home-made jigsaw machine is a universal tool and is very popular, therefore it can be used both at home and in manufacturing enterprises - furniture workshops or carpentry workshops. At the same time, of course, you need to understand that the quality of work largely depends on the jigsaw and saw itself, and the design only helps and expands the capabilities of the hand tool.
What are they used for? It is very convenient to make various parts from sheet material on it, well, as a rule, these are all kinds of wooden materials:
- an array of wood;
- plywood;
- various boards (fibreboard, chipboard, MDF, etc.);
- plastics
- thin (soft) sheet metal
A distinctive feature is the use in the design of a standard (household) electric jigsaw, which almost every craftsman has, as a saw propeller. Through simple manipulations, it is fixed with a file up, so the master does not lead the saw with the tool, but moves the workpiece.
Advantages
The main advantage of such designs in comparison with a hand tool is the convenience in processing materials. In the process of processing, the master does not hold the tool itself (it is quite weighty), but the workpiece. This allows you to work with maximum precision. In addition, the presence of stops makes a smooth saw possible, and this is expensive.
Basic construct
As mentioned above, there are a lot of options for execution, however, it is necessary to highlight the most basic basic structural elements, namely:
- desktop (bed);
- drive - jigsaw;
- rocker for attaching the file and keeping it taut.
The machines differ in such parameters as power (determined by the power of a hand-held power tool), the working stroke of the file, and the method of its attachment. An important role, of course, is played by the overall dimensions of the product, including the area of the working surface of the table, which allows better processing of certain workpieces. All other parameters (operating modes, laser illumination, etc.) are determined by the characteristics of the hand tool itself.
Step-by-step instructions for making a machine
In this section, we will analyze in detail each step of creating our future friend and indispensable assistant. The main stages of our work:
- Preparatory stage;
- Creation of blanks;
- Assembly.
It should also be noted what tools and materials we need.
Materials and structural elements:
- plywood 10, mm. Below is a table with plywood parameters.
- spring;
- a pair of bearings;
Tool:
- Sawing machine. It can be either a circular saw or a homemade jigsaw sawing machine;
- Grinding machine or grinder for processing workpieces, or alternatively, you can use a hand-held grinder fixed at an angle of 90 °;
- Drilling machine or drill with drills;
- Electric jigsaw with files;
- Construction vacuum cleaner.
as well as other tools.
For reference, the table on plywood parameters:
| Plywood thickness, mm | Layers of plywood, not less than | Sanded plywood | Rough plywood | ||
| Maximum deviation, mm | Different-thickness | Deviation, mm | Different-thickness | ||
| 3 mm | 3 | +0,3/-0,4 | 0,6 | +0,4/-0,3 | 0,6 |
| 4 mm | 3 | +0,3/-0,5 | +0,8/-0,4 | 1,0 | |
| 6 mm | 5 | +0,4/-0,5 | +0,9/-0,4 | ||
| 9 mm | 7 | +0,4/-0,6 | +1,0/-0,5 | ||
| 12 mm | 9 | +0,5/-0,7 | +1,1/-0,6 | ||
| 15 mm | 11 | +0,6/-0,8 | +1,2/-0,7 | 1,5 | |
| 18 mm | 13 | +0,7/-0,9 | +1,3/-0,8 | ||
| 21 mm | 15 | +0,8/-1,0 | +1,4/-0,9 | ||
| 24 mm | 17 | +0,9/-1,1 | +1,5/-1,0 | ||
| 27 mm | 19 | +1,0/-1,2 | 1,0 | +1,6/-1,1 | 2,0 |
| 30 mm | 21 | +1,1/-1,3 | +1,7/-1,2 | ||
Preparatory stage
- draw up sketches and make a drawing of the future product,
- make paper patterns of future elements and details
- stick templates on the blanks of future parts.
There are two ways to make templates - take a tracing paper and draw on it the kennels of the future workpiece. This has been done since ancient times, since nothing is needed for this, except for a ruler and a pencil. However, if you have a computer and a printer, it would be nice, of course, in A3 format, but A4 is also suitable (you just have to print several sheets and then glue them together), then the process of drawing with a pencil and a ruler can be replaced by drawing the outlines of blanks on a computer.
Then cut out with a clerical blade or just a sharp knife.
After that Once the template is ready, it must be glued to the workpiece.
Tip: You don’t need to glue it tightly, since in the future you will have to remove the template, and this will be difficult if you glue it “tightly”. Accordingly, you can stick, for example, on stationery glue, use glue stick or, as in our example, glue in the form of a spray.
Create blanks
At this stage, you need to do:
- Cut blanks exactly according to the template,
- Process workpieces - align the ends, remove burrs
- Drill the necessary holes;
- Make grooves with a file;
- Drill seats for bearings;
- Select the grooves with a router for the cover and the seat of the jigsaw;
The blanks are cut on a circular saw or on a homemade sawing machine from an electric jigsaw.
We process workpieces on a grinder or grinder sawing defects:
- burrs,
- bumps,
- chipped
We drill technological holes.
Tip: In order to avoid chips in the drilled blanks, you need to put a bar (or any other base) from below when drilling, firmly press the blanks against each other, as shown in the photo. In this case, there will be no chips.
We grind the grooves with a file.
We drill out the seats for the bearings with a feather drill or a Forstner drill.
We make the necessary technological grooves for the quick-release cover and for the seat of the jigsaw with a milling cutter.
Assembly
At this stage, you need to do:
- Assembly of the main parts for glue;
- Assembly of the main parts with screws;
- grinding workpieces;
- Lacquering;
- SKD assembly;
- Fix the base;
- Fix the cover (frame);
- Press in the bearings;
- Install bracket;
- Install spring;
- Install the saw blade;
- Making technological holes for jigsaw controls;
- Making fasteners for sawing (upper and lower);
- Installation of an electric jigsaw and file;
- Adjustment of a file on two axes;
- Manufacturing and insertion of the plate;
We assemble the parts for glue, we fix the parts with clamps.
Further fixation is carried out using screws and a screwdriver:
After assembling the parts, you need to grind to correct irregularities and remove burrs so as not to damage your hands during the operation of the future machine.
We assemble the main structure with screws.
We fix the base.
We fix the lid (tabletop).
Press in the bearings. Pressing can be done either with a clamp or a vice, or you can simply hammer it in.
We install the bracket. It should be noted that the mounting of the bracket must be done without excessive tightening of the nut - there must be free play. To do this, use a self-locking nut and only slightly tighten it.
Installing the spring shouldn't be difficult. You need to do as shown in the photo below.
For the future fastening of the file, you need to make a simple clamp in the form of a plate with two holes. It must also be installed on the bracket using a self-locking nut. Moreover, the backlash of the plate in the seat is very important because the bracket moves, and the clamped plate will hamper its movement.
Below is a sketch of the design of the upper attachment of the file.
Then it is necessary to make technological holes for the controls of the jigsaw, so that it is convenient to change the engine speed, you can access the start button and its lock. There is another solution that allows you to make it more convenient to turn on the tool - this is to place an outlet and a switch in an easily accessible place on the machine body, which would turn the power on and off in the outlet. We plug the cord of the jigsaw into the outlet, and it turns out that we will turn it on and off using a switch installed in a place convenient for us. However, this is a matter of taste.
So, below is the manufacture of technological holes on the body.
Here are the controls that are now available.
Now you need to make clips for the file itself. The principle is simple - we take a bolt and make a cut at the base of the cap, but not completely. In the future, the file itself will be inserted into this cut. The principle is shown in the photo below.
This is how the upper assembly of the saw blade is mounted and assembled.
The lower node is almost similar to the upper one, except that it is not a plate that is used, but a standard file is taken (you can use “BU”), almost the entire cutting part is sawn off with a grinder (angle grinder) and the shank is left. In the remaining cutting part, a hole is made with a similar bolt with a slot at the base of the cap, which will also include a file. The principle is shown below.
After the file is fixed, we install the jigsaw itself. We fasten it with the help of bolts with countersunk hats so that they do not stick out on the tabletop of the machine.
We fix the file in the upper and lower clamps.
Now you need to adjust the perpendicularity of the file, relative to the table of our machine. To do this, you can use a square, or, as in our case, just a bar that is exactly trimmed. We make the adjustment as follows. To adjust the file to the left / right, the adjustment of the upper plate is used - its displacement on the axis - respectively in the desired direction.
And to adjust the file position forward / backward, the displacement of the file attachment itself forward or backward is used.
The machine is almost ready, it remains to make and install a plate that surrounds the jigsaw file. It can be made from textolite or any piece of sheet plastic.
This completes the manufacture of the jigsaw machine.
We hope that the presented material was useful to you.
Conclusion
dimensions
Here is a table with overall dimensions:
General assembly scheme
Let's attach a complete assembly scheme, which in a sense can be a 3B drawing for making a do-it-yourself jigsaw machine.
Video
The video on which this material was made.
DIY desktop jigsaw
Sawing small pieces of wood is done with a jigsaw. The device is small and usually has an electric drive. Factory models differ in their characteristics and cost. With small volumes of wood processing, it makes sense to make a jigsaw machine on your own, from improvised means. This requires a few factory parts.
A factory-made jigsaw is a reliable device, the operation of which is guaranteed by the manufacturer. Manual models are low cost. Stationary devices are expensive, but provide proper comfort when processing wood. The set of components in the device is largely the same for everyone.
The design consists of the following parts:
The part to be processed is placed on the desktop. The size of the workpiece depends on its size. Some models have a turntable, which makes it easier to work with the part - visibility improves. The presence of graduation facilitates the marking of the material.
Average characteristics of factory machines:
Special purpose models may have radically different characteristics. There are specifications of small sizes, for processing small parts. As well as models of large sizes, the industry also produces for retail sale. But such options will differ in high cost.
Features of extracting a drill for a puncher
In the middle class, there is high competition for the consumer, so the devices will be cheaper. Characteristics are also sharpened for typical carpenter tasks. Based on them, you need to make drawings of a jigsaw machine with your own hands. Complex components for it are purchased at the store.
Experts classify jigsaws by type of construction. Features of the execution of the mechanism determine the possibility of processing wooden products.
Classification is carried out depending on the design of jigsaws.
Device types:
- With bottom support.
- Double caliper.
- On a pendant.
- With degree scale and stop.
- Universal.
Models with a lower caliper are most widely used. The bed of the desktop factory device has 2 halves - the lower and the upper. The sawing and chipping model is located on the top of the bed.
The bottom frame contains a controller, an electric motor, a main gear, an on/off button. Such a machine allows you to work with any materials and any size.
The presence of two calipers in the jigsaw is beneficial in that the upper half of the frame has an additional rail. This jigsaw is ideal for cutting small parts. The thickness of the workpieces on both models should not exceed 8 cm. The desktop of such machines, as a rule, has the ability to adjust in height and angle of inclination.
Suspended devices do not have a fixed frame, but are distinguished by their mobility. The processed material is fixed, and the master moves the working module. since the latter is attached to the ceiling, the thickness of the material is not limited. The tool is moved manually, regardless of the bed. This allows you to make patterns of complex shapes.
The presence of a scale of degrees and stops is suitable for those craftsmen who do the processing according to the drawings. The markup allows you to avoid errors during operation. There are universal machine models on the market that allow you to do several operations. Such a machine allows drilling, cutting, polishing and grinding. The cost of such devices will be much higher, but it is more comfortable to work with them. These are industrial examples.
The designs and drawings of the homemade jigsaw options presented on the network are different. Blame the imagination of the authors and the desire to make a device that will stand out from the rest. Only the concept is the same in most cases - they take a manual electric jigsaw as a basis and repurpose it.
How to choose a circular saw blade
Home woodworking lovers often look for information on how to make a jigsaw with their own hands without special skills. You can use a ready-made manual jigsaw as a base. The mechanism does not require careful refinement. The factory manual device is the drive. But the crank mechanism will have to be developed independently. Manufacturers are trying to offer the consumer a platform for quick rework, but personal needs can only be satisfied with their own product.
Assembly order:
- Make a base table. A sheet of metal is taken as a material and a hole is made in it. The shape is oblong, 3-4 times wider than the saw blade. Holes for fasteners are made side by side.
- A factory device is fixed at the bottom of the support table. Holes for fasteners are made next to the hole for the saw blade. Screws with a countersunk head are used as fasteners. This is necessary in order to ensure a perfectly flat plane of the table. Otherwise, the processed products will cling to the hats of the wines, which will cause inconvenience in work.
- The design is fixed on a wooden table.
The advantage of creating a do-it-yourself jigsaw machine is that the factory tool can be detached at any time. When necessary - in the hands of an ordinary manual jigsaw. Therefore, it is better to purchase a manual version of the tool that can be used on a homemade machine - it's cheaper. Stationary devices are expensive.
Comfortable work with wooden products can be ensured by installing guide rails on a homemade support table. Additionally, markings are applied to the table, which makes it easier to measure the distance on the parts during processing.
The manual type jigsaw as the main device for the machine has disadvantages. The main problem is the file - it is too wide in manual models. Because of this, fine woodwork is difficult to perform with it - the curvature of the lines is limited.
The previous design is simple and does not have additional details that make it easier to work with wood. The direction of modernization is the possibility of replacing the file with a thin one.
Options for improving the design:
- Build a rocker. The structure will be tensioned by springs on one side. The second side of the rocker is fixed on the file.
- Fix the file between two rollers. They serve as guides for a thin file.
- A stationary factory device is used as a drive system of two rocker arms. Between the latter, a file is pulled. The movement is transmitted from the factory device to the lower rocker of the file.
The principle of operation of a caliper, types of tools and examples of measurements
When buying or self-manufacturing, the design will have to be chosen based on personal preferences and the desire to poke around in technology. The use of guide rollers is a less popular option - its reliability is lame.
Modernization by installing rocker arms is common. It is better that at the same time the factory device serves only as a drive for sawing a jigsaw. To do this, turn off the pendulum stroke in the tool.
The heir to the property of grandparents often gets an old sewing machine. She has already served her purpose in tailoring, as more precise equipment is now being produced. In the absence of a jigsaw in the household, you can not spend money on its purchase. It is made by hand from a sewing machine.
Procedure:
Now the jigsaw for figured cutting on plywood is ready. It will be more difficult to work with a manual drive, as your legs will get tired. An additional disadvantage will be vibrations from the force impact on the tool. The electric drive of the machine, converted into a jigsaw, partially solves the problems of vibrations.
An expensive jigsaw can be replaced with a self-made design. It will not be inferior to anything in terms of its qualities and functionality, if you take a responsible approach to the assembly process. It is important to make high-quality plywood mechanisms that serve as a support table. It is desirable that the table be able to rotate. For the option with a sewing machine, this will not be possible. If desired, markings are applied to the table to make it easier to measure the details in the process.
An electric jigsaw is a tool without which it is simply impossible to perform many woodworking and material processing works in which it is used. Possessing compactness and low weight, a manual portable jigsaw is able to cut out products of very complex geometry from a workpiece.
In work, the jigsaw is very convenient and besides, it provides very precise and thin cut. If you do not want to spend money on a purchased jigsaw, you can make it yourself at home.
The lightest product
The jigsaw table itself can be made with your own hands in a short period of an hour. The advantage of the fabricated design is its simplicity. It can be easily mounted on a countertop or workbench and, if necessary, can also be easily disassembled. The disadvantage of a home-made design can be considered its small area.
The simplest product consists of the following parts:
- Plywood.
- Mounting screws.
- Clamps.
The working basis of the machine can be laminated plywood, in which it is necessary to drill holes for installing fasteners and for the saw itself. Plywood must be at least 10 mm thick. In this case, in the sole of your power tool, you may also have to make holes for the mounting screws.
Homemade design can be attached to workbench with clamps. Please note that the heads of the screws for fastening must be recessed into the surface of the sheet so that they do not interfere with you during operation. Such a machine can easily handle the processing of small workpieces up to 30 millimeters thick. A drawing of this type of machine can be easily found on the Internet, and then with your own hands you can assemble it at home.
Another variant
This option consists of the following parts:
- Bed made of chipboard.
- Tube for vacuum cleaner.
- Laminated plywood for machine cover.
- Confirmants.
There is a second option for a stationary fixture for working with wood material, which is assembled from a larger number of spare parts, but it will not be difficult to make it. The bed is made of chipboard and consists of a rear wall and two sidewalls. To make it easy to get to the power button, the front wall of the machine is missing.
In the back wall you need to do it yourself drill holes for vacuum cleaner tube and cord. The cover for the machine can be made of laminated plywood with a thickness of 10 millimeters. The whole structure can be pulled together by confirmants. The jigsaw can be fixed in the same way as described above in the first case.
On a machine made according to this option, more massive workpieces can be processed, however, when working with a thick workpiece, the jigsaw saw can go in both directions and lean back. In this case, the accuracy of the cut deteriorates. This disadvantage can be easily eliminated with your own hands by installing a bracket on a home-made machine that will serve as an emphasis.
The jigsaw saw will move between two 11mm bearings, which must be screwed to the L-shaped strip made of steel. The back of the saw will rest against the wall of the bracket itself. This design will prevent your jigsaw blade from deviating from a given path.
The bracket must be attached to the frame, made of bars 50 by 50 millimeters. It can be lowered or raised depending on the length and thickness of the wood being processed. To do this, the frame itself, together with the stop, must not be fixed tightly to the sidewall of the machine, but pressed against it with a hardboard, steel or textolite plate. We install a vertical rack of the frame between the hardboard and the frame.
The machine can be more convenient if you mount an additional limiting bar on it, with which you can cut the material into workpieces of the same length and thickness.
The limiter is attached to the machine with clamps. His made from wood beam, aluminum or steel corner. You can also, for convenience, install a bar on a sled, which must be fixed to the sides or bottom of the tabletop.
Table for jigsaw machine made of chipboard
To make this jigsaw table, you must have a certain carpentry skill, since when connecting its tsarg with legs, it must be made into a tenon groove. The tenon groove itself can be changed to a connection using dowels, wood glue and self-tapping screws.
The cover of the machine must be made lifting, to facilitate access to the tool when replacing it. In order for the machine to be multifunctional, it is necessary to provide a place for mounting a milling manual machine.
The table is assembled from the following materials:
- bar 80 by 80 millimeters;
- bar 40 by 80 millimeters;
- laminated plywood or laminated chipboard measuring 900 by 900 millimeters.
Measure the distance between the legs, it should be from 60 to 70 centimeters. The bars for the prolegs and the tsarg will be obtained if the bars 80 by 80 millimeters are cut lengthwise. You can choose the height of the legs yourself at your discretion, it all depends on how convenient it will be for you to work on the machine.
At each end of the prolegs and the tsarg, it is necessary to drill two holes for the dowels. The same holes must be made on the sidewalls of the legs. Coat the dowels with glue for half their length and insert into the ends. After that, assemble the frame completely. It will turn out to be indestructible. After checking and possible corrections, it tightens tightly.
All surfaces at the contact points must be smear with glue. Use self-tapping screws for additional structural strength, which must be screwed through the holes prepared in advance for them.
The lid must be attached to one of the drawers with the help of hinges; for this, a slot must be made in it to facilitate the removal and installation of the jigsaw. In the countertop on the back side, it is necessary to screw two strips with a pre-selected quarter, into which the sole of the power tool should enter.
Holes must be made in the slats, into which bolts or clamping screws must then be installed. A jigsaw fixed under the tabletop will be able to cut thicker material if a recess is made for its sole in the lid. The easiest way to make this recess using a milling machine.
As a result, the table will turn out to be very simple and spacious, so the necessary strength of its cover can be provided by a large thickness of chipboard or plywood. Use sheets of 20 mm or thicker.
Jigsaw machine using thin saws
Since, when cutting difficult patterns in plywood, I saw an electric jigsaw, it is not well suited for this, you need to take a thin nail file. It can be attached to a hand-held power tool using the original fixture.
We also attach the jigsaw to the tabletop, but a thin file must be pulled, as it will not be enough just set on a pendulum. To facilitate the process of stretching the file, it is necessary to make a rocker from a bar.
In this case, the tension of your web is provided by means of a spring. Put its lower loop on the transverse hairpin. The upper loop must be inserted into the adjusting screw, which changes the tension of the damper. All wooden blanks for a homemade machine are made of hardwood.
Since there is no possibility of fastening a thin-section blade in a jigsaw machine, you can remake a piece of an old saw by first drilling a hole in it and completing it with a screw with nut and clamping plate.
A vertical slot must be made in the rocker arm, into which a second steel plate must be inserted. It is attached to the rocker with screws. The upper part of the file must be attached to it in the same way as the lower part. To make it easier for you, you can take an old jigsaw to make a trimming plate.
For figured wood cutting, a hand-held jigsaw was traditionally used - a simple tool with a thin file that allows you to create elegant patterns from wood. Later, a jigsaw was invented, working on muscle traction like a foot sewing machine or a potter's wheel.
The development of technology and the emergence of compact electric motors of low power led to the creation of a manual electric jigsaw, and then the corresponding electrified machine, which you can make yourself.
Purpose
Stationary units that ensure the movement of the saw blade vertically make it possible to cut parts of complex shape from sheet materials, elements with curved edges. If you insert a file into a through hole drilled in the workpiece, you can make a curly contour inside the product.
With the help of jigsaw machines, workpieces from various sheet materials are processed, including:
- solid wood;
- plywood;
- wood-based boards (chipboard, fiberboard, MDF);
- aluminum;
- plastic.
With the help of a jigsaw machine, it will be possible to increase labor productivity and significantly improve the quality of processing curly edges of products. This is due to the fact that a working person has both hands free and he can position the workpiece as accurately as possible relative to the moving cutting blade. This is the main advantage of a stationary tool with an electric drive from a manual jigsaw.
Jigsaw machines are installed in school and home workshops, and this type of equipment is also used in furniture production and in the manufacture of musical instruments. Modern laser machines can be used instead of jigsaws, as they provide the highest cutting accuracy along a given contour, but their use limits the effect of burnt ends of parts.
Device
The desktop jigsaw machine consists of the following elements:
- frame (support structure on which all mechanisms and components are mounted);
- Desktop;
- electric drive;
- crank mechanism (responsible for converting the rotation of the motor shaft into the reciprocating movement of the file);
- double rocker (equipped with clamps for files and a tensioning mechanism).
The machines produced today are mostly designed for the use of files with a length of 200-350 mm and a working stroke of 30-50 mm. Files differ in width (2-10 mm), thickness (0.6-1.25 mm) and type of shanks - they come with pins and without pins. The latter are more convenient, since in order to cut the inner contour, it is necessary to drill a hole in the workpiece through which the end of the file must pass. If there is a pin, the hole should be noticeably larger. Some models of jigsaws allow you to mount files of both types, including the old model, from a Soviet hand tool. Files also differ in the size of the teeth and their arrangement - it can be straight or spiral.
Tool selection
To choose a good machine suitable for solving specific tasks, you need to pay attention to its power. The main part of the models is equipped with an electric drive with a power of 90 to 500 watts. For home use, the optimal power is 150-200 watts.
An important selection criterion is the presence of two speeds of the unit. In the standard version - 600 and 1000 rpm. This makes it possible to select the appropriate mode for working with materials of various densities.
The desktop is fixed and swivel. Fixing the table at an inclination allows cutting material at specified angles other than 90°. There are also models that have table height adjustment - this allows you to extend the service life of the file, since you can use its different sections along the entire length, and not just the central part, for work.
Manufacturers equip jigsaws with a variety of options, including:
- a compressor for removing chips from the marking line with an air jet;
- drilling unit;
- illumination of the working area;
- blade fencing (will not allow fingers to contact with a moving file);
- clamping device (prevents vibration of thin sheet material).
Additional options increase the cost of the jigsaw, but do not fundamentally affect its functionality.
Manufacturers
There are various types of jigsaws on the market for power tools: from devices designed for creative work at home to high-performance models designed for professional use. In addition to machines that use conventional files, you can find band saws on sale.
The list of popular brands includes Bosch, Negner, Einhell, Proxxon, Makita, DeWALT, JET, Xendoll, Excalibur, Kroton, Korvet, Zubr.
The leader in quality and reliability is the products of well-known German brands Bosch, Einhell and Hegner. In addition, the lines of jigsaws include a wide range of models of various capacities and configurations, which makes it possible to choose a high-quality electric jigsaw for the home, which is optimal in terms of functionality.
Budget models, including those made in China, have also proven themselves well. Models of the brand Korvet, Zubr and others are suitable for home use without increased loads.
Before buying a jigsaw machine, regardless of its brand, it is imperative to conduct tests to assess the smoothness of the working body and the noise level, to make sure that there are no extraneous sounds and vibrations. It is recommended to compare several models of different brands and purchase the option with the best performance.
Making a jigsaw with your own hands
A home-made machine, made to replace a conventional wood jigsaw, is able to provide high-quality performance of the main set of operations for curly cutting sheet materials. Depending on the purpose, it is possible to design a compact electric model or a stationary unit designed for high loads.
materials
As a basic scheme, it is most convenient to use a drawing of a simple wooden jigsaw with a flywheel and a pedal assembly and replace the mechanical drive with an electric one. If the machine is intended to be used only occasionally, a special electric motor can be dispensed with. Instead, connect any suitable power tool. It is convenient to use a screwdriver with adjustable speed.
The material for the manufacture of the machine itself is wood, while:
- the bed and the supporting pedestal for the lever bar are best made of high-strength plywood (minimum thickness - 18 mm);
- for a lever structure, it is necessary to take dense wood that is not prone to cracking under load - this is beech or oak (instead of buying bars, you can use straight legs of old chairs that are suitable in size);
- for the crank mechanism, plywood 10-12 mm thick is required;
- for the rest of the structural elements, pine lumber, various trimmings are suitable.
According to the scheme of the jigsaw machine, a bed and a supporting pedestal are made. Wood screws should be used as fasteners; it is recommended to coat the joints of wooden structural elements with PVA emulsion. It is important that the design is strong and there is no play, otherwise the accuracy of the machine will be low.
Part preparation and assembly
Next, the levers of the desired length are cut out, cuts are made at their ends for fastening the file. The mount is made of a steel plate 2-3 mm thick, with a pair of holes. The upper hole allows you to fix the plate on the lever, and the lower one is designed to attach the saw shank. Fasteners - screws of suitable diameter and nuts - it is more convenient to use wing-type. Mounting on the lower arm is installed in the same way.
At the next stage, the lever system is mounted on the frame. To connect the free ends of the levers, a screw tie (lanyard) is used, which makes it possible to easily adjust the tension of the saw blade.
Note! The length of the files used should be determined in advance, since the size of the lever mechanism depends on this. It is necessary to ensure the maximum possible parallelism of the levers relative to each other.
Racks need to be fastened together to create a solid support for the flywheel. The axis can be a stud or a bolt of at least 8 strength class. The flywheel with the lower lever is fastened by means of a connecting rod made of the same plywood, while the rods connecting to the lever must be metal.
At the next stage, a desktop with a swivel mechanism is made - a swivel arc with a slot must be cut out of plywood. The table is placed on the bed. To easily fix the swivel mechanism in the desired position, use a wing nut.
In this model, a screwdriver serves as an electric drive - for work it is enough to connect its cartridge with the flywheel axis. You can adjust the speed using a clamp with variable force, made of a strong strap and a small clamp (or other screw tightening).
Simple in design, a homemade machine is easy to use.
Rugged fixed construction
The design of a jigsaw for professional use is practically the same as a compact wooden model. It is only important to choose the right materials so that the unit is able to withstand increased loads and does not vibrate during operation.
- bed - heavy chipboard;
- rack for lever construction - hardboard, textolite of suitable thickness;
- levers - steel square pipe;
- countertop - any durable, hard and smooth material.
Elements for fastening the blade (you can take it from an old hacksaw) are soldered to the levers or fixed with screws.
You will need a serviceable electric drive with a gearbox that will provide the necessary torque. To start the engine of a homemade jigsaw machine, it is convenient to provide a foot pedal (take it from an old electric sewing machine or make it using any suitable electric button).
When assembling the structure, metal racks and metal fasteners are used. With the help of a metal insert, you can strengthen the fastening of the connecting rod. This will reduce vibration and reduce wear.
The tabletop has a long working slot for the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axis.
A spring is provided to tension the web. The lower lever is responsible for the movement of the working blade, the upper one helps to keep the file in a vertical position.
Thus, an electric jigsaw can be assembled on its own using scrap materials. This will not require serious financial costs, but will only take some time to find materials, necessary parts and assembly.
The article will primarily be useful to those people who often work with wood as a hobby, without making money from it. The author presents a fairly budgetary project of a desktop jigsaw, which can be assembled in one day, with minimal material costs.
To create a machine, you will need the following materials:
- Working manual jigsaw;
- Plywood;
- Self-tapping screws and bolts with nuts;
- Guides of furniture boxes;
- Two bearings;
- Tension spring;
- Spray can with paint;
- Self-adhesive paper.
Materials and tools are standard, available in each workshop.
Step 1. Case.
The first step is to create a body for a manual jigsaw from plywood. Here it is necessary to think in advance where the holes for the switch and the speed controller will be located.
It should come out like this:
Step 2. Table top.
It is better to take a thick piece of chipboard with a good coating as the basis of the tabletop, since the workpieces to be processed will be rubbed on it during the operation of the machine.
A hole is drilled in the chipboard for the file. The jigsaw itself will be attached to the back of the countertop.
An extension for fastening the boom is also made from furniture rails:
Here's what it looks like assembled:
And the tabletop is attached to the body:
Step 3. Arrow.
The arrow itself will be made of two furniture rails. They are bolted together to increase rigidity.
The boom supports are made of chipboard. Before painting and installing them, the point of attachment of the boom to the support is measured. Before that, they must be installed in their place:
After that, it is necessary to drill holes in the support for the bearing seats.
Step 4. Painting.
Prepared supports are painted from a can.
While they dry, the machine itself is glued with self-adhesive.
Step 5. Assembly.
Bearings are inserted into the supports, and they are screwed into place.
The boom mounting axis will be made of two bolts screwed into the guides as shown in the photo. The diameter of the bolts is selected in accordance with the diameter of the inner race of the bearing.
The bolts are securely tightened, after which the two halves are screwed to each other.
Here is a visual illustration of how the arrow will be fixed in the supports:
The boom is installed in its place and fixed with nuts.
The next step is to install the tension spring. It is necessary in order to return the arrow to its original position after the jigsaw pulls it down. Thus, the reciprocating motion of the file will be performed. It must be adjusted so that it is not too soft (this will complicate the operation of the machine) and too hard (this can lead to overheating of the jigsaw motor).
How to fix it is shown in the photo:
Then, from a thin strip of metal (1 mm), it is necessary to make the attachment of the file to the arrow. They must rotate freely on the axis, because during operation the arrow changes the angle of inclination to the jigsaw, and if they are static, this can lead to breakage of the file.
Here's what the mounts should look like:
The boom supports are additionally reinforced with a long bolt, it can be seen in the photo:
Step 6. Electronic part.
Since access to a manual jigsaw is limited, it is necessary to bring the controls to the outside of the case.
To adjust the speed of the jigsaw motor, the author used a phase power controller. Here is his wiring diagram.
This article will focus on the design of a home-made machine from a household electric jigsaw. Below are step-by-step instructions, photos, videos, as well as drawings and diagrams.
Introduction
There are a lot of design options - from the simplest, where it just sticks out of the countertop, to rather complex structures with guides, the possibility of sawing at an angle, when it is possible to set not only 90 degrees to the base, but change the angle (well, within reason, of course) . There are devices (machines) for, that is, making a straight and even cut.
Such devices are increasingly being used because of their versatility and functionality. In fact, they are similar in parameters and purpose to stationary machines and have a strictly defined practical application in every workshop.
Purpose
| Plywood thickness, mm | Layers of plywood, not less than | Sanded plywood | Rough plywood | ||
| Maximum deviation, mm | Different-thickness | Deviation, mm | Different-thickness | ||
| 3 mm | 3 | +0,3/-0,4 | 0,6 | +0,4/-0,3 | 0,6 |
| 4 mm | 3 | +0,3/-0,5 | +0,8/-0,4 | 1,0 | |
| 6 mm | 5 | +0,4/-0,5 | +0,9/-0,4 | ||
| 9 mm | 7 | +0,4/-0,6 | +1,0/-0,5 | ||
| 12 mm | 9 | +0,5/-0,7 | +1,1/-0,6 | ||
| 15 mm | 11 | +0,6/-0,8 | +1,2/-0,7 | 1,5 | |
| 18 mm | 13 | +0,7/-0,9 | +1,3/-0,8 | ||
| 21 mm | 15 | +0,8/-1,0 | +1,4/-0,9 | ||
| 24 mm | 17 | +0,9/-1,1 | +1,5/-1,0 | ||
| 27 mm | 19 | +1,0/-1,2 | 1,0 | +1,6/-1,1 | 2,0 |
| 30 mm | 21 | +1,1/-1,3 | +1,7/-1,2 | ||
Preparatory stage
- draw up sketches and make a drawing of the future product,
- make paper patterns of future elements and details
- stick templates on the blanks of future parts.
There are two ways to make templates - take a tracing paper and draw on it the kennels of the future workpiece. This has been done since ancient times, since nothing is needed for this, except for a ruler and a pencil. However, if you have a computer and a printer, it would be nice, of course, in A3 format, but A4 is also suitable (you just have to print several sheets and then glue them together), then the process of drawing with a pencil and a ruler can be replaced by drawing the outlines of blanks on a computer.
Then cut out with a clerical blade or just a sharp knife.
After that Once the template is ready, it must be glued to the workpiece.
Tip: You don’t need to glue it tightly, since in the future you will have to remove the template, and this will be difficult if you glue it “tightly”. Accordingly, you can stick, for example, on stationery glue, use glue stick or, as in our example, glue in the form of a spray.
Create blanks
At this stage, you need to do:
- Cut blanks exactly according to the template,
- Process workpieces - align the ends, remove burrs
- Drill the necessary holes;
- Make grooves with a file;
- Drill seats for bearings;
- Select grooves with a milling cutter for the cover and seat;
We install the bracket. It should be noted that the mounting of the bracket must be done without excessive tightening of the nut - there must be free play. To do this, use a self-locking nut and only slightly tighten it.
Installing the spring shouldn't be difficult. You need to do as shown in the photo below.
For the future fastening of the file, you need to make a simple clamp in the form of a plate with two holes. It must also be installed on the bracket using a self-locking nut. Moreover, the backlash of the plate in the seat is very important because the bracket moves, and the clamped plate will hamper its movement.
Below is a sketch of the design of the upper attachment of the file.
Then it is necessary to make technological holes for the controls of the jigsaw, so that it is convenient to change the engine speed, you can access the start button and its lock. There is another solution that allows you to make it more convenient to turn on the tool - this is to place an outlet and a switch in an easily accessible place on the machine body, which would turn the power on and off in the outlet. We plug the cord of the jigsaw into the outlet, and it turns out that we will turn it on and off using a switch installed in a place convenient for us. However, this is a matter of taste.
So, below is the manufacture of technological holes on the body.
Here are the controls that are now available.
Now you need to make clips for the file itself. The principle is simple - we take a bolt and make a cut at the base of the cap, but not completely. In the future, the file itself will be inserted into this cut. The principle is shown in the photo below.
This is how the upper assembly of the saw blade is mounted and assembled.
The lower node is almost similar to the upper one, except that it is not a plate that is used, but a standard file is taken (you can use “BU”), almost the entire cutting part is sawn off with a grinder (angle grinder) and the shank is left. In the remaining cutting part, a hole is made with a similar bolt with a slot at the base of the cap, which will also include a file. The principle is shown below.
After the file is fixed, we install the jigsaw itself. We fasten it with the help of bolts with countersunk hats so that they do not stick out on the tabletop of the machine.
Now you need to adjust the perpendicularity of the file, relative to the table of our machine. To do this, you can use a square, or, as in our case, just a bar that is exactly trimmed. We make the adjustment as follows. To adjust the file to the left / right, the adjustment of the upper plate is used - its displacement on the axis - respectively in the desired direction.
And to adjust the file position forward / backward, the displacement of the file attachment itself forward or backward is used.
The machine is almost ready, it remains to make and install a plate that surrounds the jigsaw file. It can be made from textolite or any piece of sheet plastic.
This completes the manufacture of the jigsaw machine.
We hope that the presented material was useful to you.
Conclusion
dimensions
Here is a table with overall dimensions:
General assembly scheme
Let's attach a complete assembly scheme, which in a sense can be a 3B drawing for making a do-it-yourself jigsaw machine.
Video
The video on which this material was made.
