Khasanzyanova Aisylu Gera Summary of the myth Gera Ludovisi. Sculpture, 5...
To use the preview of presentations, create a Google account (account) and sign in: https://accounts.google.com
Slides captions:
Presentation for the lesson of Cuban studies in grade 4 KOKOULINOY V.V. Primary school teachers MOU secondary school No. 1 Anapa ANIMAL AND PLANT WORLD OF KRASNODAR
STEPPE In the recent past, the Azov-Kuban plain was a forb-feather grass steppe. The modern steppe is all plowed up and occupied by crops of wheat, corn, sunflower, sugar beet and other cultivated plants. Wormwood, plantain, burdock, sow thistle, St. John's wort, chamomile and other herbs can be found only near roads and on mounds.
FOREST-STEPPE, FOREST Forest-steppe stretches in a relatively narrow strip on the left bank of the Kuban. About half of it is occupied by shrubs and broad-leaved forests, consisting of oak, hornbeam, maple, hazel, dogwood. The forests of the Kuban are distinguished not only by their beauty, but also by the species of extraordinary value. About 30% of oak forests, over 80% of beech and approximately 90% of chestnut plantations in Russia are concentrated in the region.
MOUNTAINS Most of the forests are in the foothills and mountains. Beech forests are found at an altitude of more than 700 meters above sea level. Coniferous forests begin behind the beech forests, they are made up of Caucasian fir, spruce, and pine. Then there are subalpine meadows and alpine meadows. Nature is harsh here. Glades are freed from snow only in August. Red mytniki, blue gentians, dandelions, carnations begin to grow around. At an altitude of more than 3000 meters - eternal snow.
THE BLACK SEA COAST From Anapa to Novorossiysk, the slopes of the mountains are covered with hornbeam and oak, hornbeam and hornbeam. From Novorossiysk to Gelendzhik, undersized elm, hornbeam, dogwood, hawthorn grow, twisted by strong winds, along the coast there are walnuts. Apple, pear, Pitsunda pine. And in the Sochi region, the vegetation is different. Cypresses, palms and magnolias grow green here all year round. This comes from the fact that the Main Caucasian Range protects the coast from cold northern winds, and the sea, heated by the sun's rays during the summer, warms the coast in winter. This creates conditions for the formation of a humid subtropical climate.
According to scientists, about 100 billion birds live on earth. In the Krasnodar Territory - 320 species. Sparrows, linnets, woodpeckers, warblers, thrushes, warblers, finches live in the low mountains, and higher - bullfinch, black-headed nuthatch, jay.
The Caucasian black grouse is found in the subalpine belt, and vultures, eagles, lambs, buzzards soar high above the rocky peaks. Gulls, cormorants, terns fly over the sea.
The fauna of the middle mountains is represented by such large individuals as the Caucasian deer, chamois, tour, bison, brown bear, wild boar, fox, lynx, wolf, etc.
Among the predators of the region, the largest is the brown bear. Body length - about 2 m, weight - 300 kg, lives up to 40 years. Bear hunting is strictly regulated.
Lynx is also found in the forests, the number of which in the territory of the region is not more than 50 individuals. The length of the body is from 90 to 110 cm. It has a poor sense of smell, but sharp eyesight and hearing. Attacks the victim unexpectedly, making a powerful, accurate jump. You can see the lynx on the territory of Seversky, Abinsky, Goryacheklyuchevsky, Mostovsky and some other regions.
The smallest predator in the region is the weasel. The length of her body is no more than 20 cm, the tail is 4 cm. Hunting for the animal is prohibited, since one weasel destroys up to 3 thousand small rodents per year.
The raccoon is one of the most valuable fur animals in the region. Before eating prey, it makes a movement that imitates rinsing food in water. Hence the full name of the animal is the raccoon. The length of the body is about 60 cm, the tail is 30 cm. Hunting for raccoons is limited. Foxes, wolves, raccoon dogs, and muskrat are also valuable for fur trade.
Spotted deer provide valuable medicinal raw materials. The non-ossified horns of these animals are called "antlers", from which pantocrine is obtained, which is used in medicine. It is undesirable to cross sika deer with another species - red deer. Their hybrids are very ugly, and besides, such crosses can lead to the disappearance of the Caucasian red deer as a species.
Among other ungulates, the smallest deer is the roe deer with a body length of 120 cm and a height of up to 70 cm. The largest deer is the elk (mass reaches 400 kg or more). High in the mountains live swift shy chamois (weight up to 50 kg). In the spring of 1980, 35 fallow deer were brought from Hungary. They survived acclimatization, and currently their number is about 1000 head.
Of the reptiles - water snakes and ordinary, Kaznakov's viper and steppe, lizards and turtles.
From amphibians - newts, tree frog, Caucasian krestovka and others.
There are many valuable and commercial fish in the Black Sea. Of the 170 species - 50 are commercial: ram, mullet, Black Sea flounder. The ichthyofauna of the Sea of Azov is no less diverse: sprat, anchovy, eel, stickleback, stellate sturgeon
The southern part of the Black Sea coast is divided according to climatic and natural conditions into the Sochi subtropics and the Kolkhida mountain region. Sochi subtropics occupy a strip of coast from Tuapse to the river. Psou. This narrow coastal zone belongs to the humid subtropics with features of the Mediterranean climate. Due to the abundance of heat and sun, heat-loving palms and yuccas, cork oak, noble laurel, bamboo, magnolia, oleander, eucalyptus, mimosa, laurel cherry, Japanese camellia grow here.
Centuries-old eucalyptus Palms in Sochi
In the forests of the Sochi region grow derzhitree, hornbeam, skumpia, ivy, wild grapes, hops, beech, maple, hornbeam, oak, boxwood yew, laurel cherry, Pontic rhododendron. hornbeam
hold tree laurel cherry
Pitsunda beech pine
In the basin of the Bolshaya and Malaya Laba rivers, forests of eastern spruce have been preserved, which is a tertiary relict species that lives up to 500-600 years, the diameter of the trunk reaches 2 m, and the height is 30 m. These forests are of great soil protection and water conservation importance.
Several natural zones have formed on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory. The northernmost of them is the steppe zone. It occupies vast flat areas.
To the south of the steppe zone along the left bank of the Kuban, a forest-steppe stretches in a narrow strip. In addition to herbaceous plants, such as feather grass, couch grass, fescue, quinoa, plantain, there are many shrubs. The berries of many of them are edible. Among them are blackberries, thorns, dogrose, dogwood. In the forest-steppe zone, there are both steppe and forest representatives of the animal world: ferret, field mouse, Caucasian mole, hamster, weasel, hedgehog, dormouse, ground squirrel, otter, hare, wolf, wild cat, wild boar, roe deer. Among the birds you can see a sparrow, a linnet, a woodpecker, a thrush, a warbler, a chaffinch, a bullfinch, a jay.
Trees also grow in the forest-steppe. But the main part of the forests falls on the foothills and mountainous regions, where it is not as hot as in the steppe, and there is more moisture. The most common are oak, beech, maple, ash, chestnut, hawthorn, alder, aspen. Wild boars graze in oak and beech forests, roe deer, deer, elk, hares are found. There are also predators: bear, wolf, jackal, raccoon dog. There are many insects in the forest zone: bees, bumblebees, beetles, grasshoppers, flies, butterflies. All of them are food for various birds, such as magpies, thrushes, cuckoos, tits, jays. Quite large birds also live here; owl, eagle owl, golden eagle, griffon vulture, peregrine falcon.
In the mountainous part of the region, natural zones change with height.
The northern and southern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains are covered with forests. The lower tier is occupied by deciduous trees, most often oak, beech, hornbeam. In the middle part of the forest zone, pine, spruce, and fir are mixed with them. Coniferous forests dominate in the upper tier. The forest zone is completed by small ibu ki birches with strongly twisted trunks.
At an altitude of 1800 to 3000 meters above sea level, there are subalpine and alpine meadows.
Here you can meet Caucasian tur, bison, chamois, vultures, eagles, lambs soar high above the rocky peaks. Trout, chub, gudgeon are found in the rivers.
Here is how the famous local historian-researcher L. Ya. Apostolov (1865-1932) described the alpine meadows:
“In the upper part of this strip, thin, tiny grass grows, only at the beginning of June the first spring flowers begin to bloom: snowdrops, dandelions, forget-me-nots, anemones, bluebells; the tops of the rocks are covered with mosses, lichens and turf.”
At the level of 3000 meters and above, there are eternal snows, glaciers and impregnable rocks, almost devoid of any vegetation.
The Black Sea coast of the Caucasus is distinguished by special natural conditions, stretching in a narrow strip along the sea for more than 600 kilometers. The mountains do not allow cold air to pass from the north, and the sea, heated during the summer, gives off heat to the coast in winter. Mimosa, yucca, oleander, yew, boxwood, rhododendron, magnolia grow green here all year round. Insects are found in forests and parks: cicadas, butterflies, fireflies, centipedes. Lots of bats. Dolphins, seahorses, jellyfish and shrimps live in the sea.
Lesson topic: Nature of the Krasnodar Territory. surface shapes.
Natural zones of the region.
The purpose of the lesson: clarify, generalize and expand children's knowledge on the topic, develop a cognitive interest in the nature of their native land, cultivate a caring attitude towards nature; work on the development of attention, logical thinking.
Equipment: educational contour maps of the region, map of Russia, globe, atlas
"World and Man" (in children), paintings "Plain Landscape",
"Main Caucasian Ridge", reference books
During the classes:
Guys, today we will talk about the surface of the earth in the Krasnodar Territory, about the relief. Who knows what it means? (It means all the unevenness of the earth). Look carefully at the map of the Krasnodar Territory. Look at the land and name the two primary colors that represent it. (green, brown). What is indicated in green plains), and brown ( the mountains) ? We conclude: the surface of the Krasnodar Territory can be divided into ... ( mountains and plains). What is the boundary between them? ( the Kuban River, as it were, divides it into two parts: the northern - flat and southern - foothill and mountain)On the map of the Krasnodar Territory, determine:
Lowland - (Azov-Kuban)
Plain - (Zakubanskaya)
Mountains - (Caucasian)
Lowland, plain, mountains - views ... (relief of the Krasnodar Territory)
Consider the map "Natural zones of Russia".
Does anyone know what zones are in question? Nature has divided our country into zones. Each zone is characterized by a certain amount of heat and moisture, which play an important role in the formation of soil and vegetation. On the territory of Russia, there is a change from north to south of the following natural zones: arctic deserts, tundra, forest tundra, taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forests, forest-steppes, steppes, semi-deserts. Let's turn to the map to conclude in which natural areas the Krasnodar Territory is located. (These are mixed and broad-leaved forests, forest-steppe and steppe)
Steppes
In the recent past, the Azov-Kuban plain was a forb-feather grass steppe. The modern steppe is all plowed up and occupied by crops of wheat, corn, sunflower, sugar beet and other cultivated plants. Over a hundred different agricultural crops are cultivated.
Only along the roads, along the slopes of the beams and on the tops of the mounds, you can find wild plants: creeping wheatgrass, wild buttercup, wormwood, plantain, burdock, thistle, St. John's wort, chamomile and other herbs.
Mark the steppe zone on the contour map. What animals live in this area? Why?
Forest steppe, forest
The forest-steppe stretches in a relatively narrow strip on the left bank of the Kuban. Approximately half of its area is occupied by shrubs and broad-leaved forests, consisting of oak, hornbeam, maple, hazel, dogwood. The forests of the Kuban are distinguished not only by their beauty, but also by the species of extraordinary value. About 30% of oak forests, over 80% of beech and approximately 90% of chestnut plantations in Russia are concentrated in the region.
Mark this area on the contour map. Name the animals that can live in this zone. What do they eat?
The mountains
The main part of the forests falls on the foothills and mountainous regions. Beech forests are found at an altitude of more than 700 meters above sea level. Coniferous forests begin behind the beech forests, they are made up of Caucasian fir, spruce, and pine.
At an altitude of 1800-2200 meters above sea level, there is an abundance of subalpine vegetation.
Behind the subalpine meadows lie the alpine meadows of the northwestern Caucasus. Nature is harsh here. Only in August the glades are freed from snow.
What a striking change! The brightness of the color, the diversity of flowers on rocky glades, surrounded by rocks and snow, is striking. Red mytniki, blue gentians, yellow dandelions, red carnations grow all around.
From 300 meters and above - eternal snow and glaciers.
Mark this area on a contour map. Name the animals that live in the mountains. What allows them to endure such living conditions?
Black Sea coast
From Anapa to Novorossiysk, the slopes of the mountains are covered with hornbeam and oak, hornbeam and hornbeam. From Novorossiysk to Gelendzhik, undersized elms, hornbeams, dogwoods, and hawthorns grow twisted by strong winds. In the Gelendzhik area there are maple, ash, walnut, cherry plum, apple tree, pear, along the coast Pitsunda pine.
And in the region of greater Sochi, the vegetation is different. Cypresses, palm trees, magnolias grow green here all year round. This is due to the fact that the Main Caucasian Range protects the coast from cold northern winds, and the sea, heated by the sun's rays during the summer, warms the coast in winter. This creates conditions for the formation of a humid subtropical climate.
Mark this area. Name the animals that live in this area.
Questions for consolidation: Consider a map of the Krasnodar Territory. Features of what natural zones can be observed on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory?
What do you know about these natural areas? What are the features of the climate of the steppes, forests, forest-steppes, subtropics - the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, the climate of the mountains? How do the Caucasus Mountains (foothills) influence the climate in the region, and
also the Black and Azov seas? How should nature be protected?
Tasks on cards:
Card 1.
Remove the "extra" word:
Woodpecker, owl, seagull, thrush
Justify your answer.
Card 2.
What zone are you talking about?
The abundance of fruits and succulent herbs create favorable conditions for the habitat of animals and birds. Here, wild pigs graze in small herds, a bear, a jackal, and a raccoon dog hunt.
Card 3.
L_____________________________
E_____________________________
FROM_____________________________
Card 4.
Write the names of plants and animals that live in this area:
FROM____________________________
T____________________________
E____________________________
P____________________________
Card 5.
Write the names of plants and animals that live in this area:
G____________________________
O____________________________
R____________________________
Homework: Compose a story - a trip to one of the natural areas of the Krasnodar Territory.
Lesson topic: " Nature of the Krasnodar Territory. surface shapes.
Natural areas of the region ».
Goals: To form in students an idea of the subtropical zone of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. To acquaint with the geographical position of the subtropical zone of Russia, flora and fauna, human activities, learn to work with a geographical map, herbarium, additional literature, improve speech, the ability to observe. Strengthen the ability to work in pairs, groups.
Equipment:
Map of natural areas; paintings, drawings depicting the objects under study, a video film “The Black Sea coast of the Caucasus”; recording music for the game; herbarium; postcard sets; Photo.
Good afternoon dear friends!
Today we will go there
Where there is a lot of sun and warm sea water,
The subtropics of Russia will reveal secrets to us,
Find out what kind of animals live there,
What plants grow there
Why is the natural area called that.
Well friends, it's time to go!
We are looking forward to:
Wonderful sea and beach.
But we send not to rest,
And to study the subtropical zone of Russia.
Writing on the board and in notebooks: "The Black Sea coast of the Caucasus is a subtropical zone."
Let's turn to the helper map. What will she tell us? (This
amazing zone occupies a very small area.
It is located on the coast. On the one hand, the Caucasus
mountains, and on the other - the Black Sea).
The location of the zone is the secret of its amazing climate and nature. Let's take a simple example: you are at the beach. When is the water warmer - during the day or in the evening? (In the evening.) Why? Yes, water heats up slowly and cools slowly. In what thermal zone is the zone that we are studying today located? (In the temperate zone, but even closer to the Northern Tropic, which means that the sun sends almost direct rays here.) Why the Sun during the summer heats the sea, and then the sea gives off warm air to the coast in winter. The Caucasus Mountains are close, right on the coast. What do you know about these mountains? (These are high, young mountains.) Yes, these are high young mountains, they are an insurmountable barrier to the cold north wind, so
The coast has moderately hot summers and mild winters. There is a lot of precipitation. The sea sends a large amount of moisture to the earth, and it is also retained by the mountains.
(Showing video clips from the film "On the Black Sea Coast".) What does the prefix "sub" mean? It means "under" in Latin. So what are subtropics? (This is the territory under the tropics.) More precisely, near the tropical zone. The subtropical zone is located to the south of our country, and here, on the Black Sea coast, it is only a small piece. And now all the scientific groups of our expedition are joining the work.
Materials for nerds:
A distinctive feature of subtropical plants.
Plants are wild, fruit, imported from warm countries.
Sushi dwellers.
Land dwellers who forage for food in the sea.
Sea dwellers.
What is the Black Sea coast for a person?
Environmental problems.
Plants and animals listed in the Red Book.
Botanist's Tale:
Favorable conditions - warmth and moisture - make it possible to grow tall trees with large leaves, heat-loving trees. These are oak, beech, chestnut (drawings, herbarium). The beech reaches a height of 25-40 meters, its trunk is even, the leaves are in the shape of an oblong ellipse, the fruits are nuts, but they cannot be eaten. Beech lives up to 500 years. Chestnut is a long-lived tree that can live up to a thousand years, its height reaches 354 meters. Its leaves are oblong with sharp teeth. Fruits - nuts - are eaten. Plants brought from different warm countries: cypresses, magnolias, palm trees (drawings, herbarium). Many fruit trees grow on the Black Sea coast: peaches, apricots, figs, walnuts (drawings, herbarium). You can also add about the vineyards growing here. And on the slopes of the mountains there are tea plantations (paintings). Cork oak and boxwood are highly valued - a tree with strong, dense wood. Unfortunately, boxwoods are currently on the verge of extinction. And now let's listen to our zoologists.
During the story, illustrations depicting plants are hung on the map.
Zoologist's story:
The fauna of the Black Sea coast is rich and diverse. This is a deer. Bears live in the forests, wild boars greedily eat chestnuts, nuts, acorns; there are snow leopards and jackals, cicadas that feed on plant sap. The predatory praying mantis feeds on small insects. There are butterflies of amazing beauty, such as the oleander hawk moth. Land animals also include lizards and snakes.
In the sea, different birds get their food - gulls, cormorants. Marine life is amazing and unique: jellyfish, crabs, seahorses, sea needles, dolphins. Seahorses are fish with a head similar to that of the fabulous Humpbacked Horse. They do not have a permanent color: a seahorse sits on brown algae - and it becomes brown, sits on green - turns green. The sea needle is a thin and long fish. Although it is a “needle”, it cannot prick anyone - it is soft. And dolphins are toothed whales, only much smaller. These are the most intelligent marine animals, they are wonderful swimmers, they easily overtake high-speed passenger ships. Dolphins never leave a relative in trouble: they support the wounded or sick on the surface so that he can breathe, and help him swim. It happened that dolphins saved people in the same way. Dolphins navigate and communicate with each other using sound signals.
During the story, cards with animals are fixed on the map.
The fauna of the Black Sea coast is interesting. Much can be said about its inhabitants. If you are interested in some animals, you can always read about them in encyclopedias.
Ecologist's story:
The Black Sea coast is a place where thousands of people from all over Russia come to relax. But, unfortunately, environmental problems have arisen here too: sewage and household garbage pollute the sea. A person is ruthless to nature: he throws household garbage on the coast, breaks off branches of trees and bushes, cuts off flowers, catches bugs and butterflies, destroys jellyfish and crabs. But in memory of the trip, you can buy souvenirs and postcards or just take a picture. Because of such a careless attitude towards nature, the Caucasian ground beetle, the Colchis needle plant, and the yew berry have become rare, they are listed in the Red Book. Boxwood groves, dolphin, Black Sea bottlenose dolphin are taken under special protection. To preserve the unique nature of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, the Sochi National Park was created (viewing illustrative material).
Questions for consolidation:
Our journey is coming to an end. What will you tell your friends about the subtropics of Russia? (Children's stories.)
What plants and animals are you interested in? Why?
What would you recommend to friends who are going on vacation to the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus?
Methodological comment: lessons on this topic can be planned as follows: the first lesson should be devoted to the formation of general ideas about the natural zones of the region, and the second to the study of the zone in which your settlement is located.
Page 2 of 31
CHAPTER 1
natural areas
Row, layer, floor - tier.
* Write the names of the natural zones of the Krasnodar Territory.
1) In the recent past, the Azov-Kuban plain was a forb-feather grass steppe. The modern steppe is all plowed up and occupied by crops of cultivated agricultural plants....
2) The forest-steppe stretches in a narrow strip along the left bank of the Kuban ....
3) The main part of mixed and broad-leaved forests falls on the foothills and mountainous regions. Broad-leaved forests of oak and beech are replaced by coniferous forests, in which Caucasian fir, spruce, and pine grow.
4) At an altitude of 2000 meters above sea level, subalpine meadows are spread. These are rich pastures for livestock. Alpine meadows follow. Here nature is harsh. Only in August the glades are freed from snow. Above 3000 meters above sea level - the kingdom of eternal snows, glaciers and impregnable rocks, almost devoid of vegetation.
5) A significant part of the Black Sea coast belongs to the subtropical zone.
* Name the natural zones in the mountains of the Caucasus from the foot to the top. Complete the diagram using the words for reference.
Topic: “Nature of the Krasnodar Territory.
Surface shape. Natural areas of the region.
Objectives: 1. To deepen students' knowledge about the nature of the Krasnodar Territory, its diversity, to consolidate knowledge about the features of the surface forms of our region, its natural zones.
2. Develop attention, memory.
3. Cultivate respect for nature.
Equipment: a physical map of the Krasnodar Territory, an outline of the Krasnodar Territory for each student, subject pictures of plants and animals of the Kuban.
During the classes.
^ Organizational and psychological moment.
Presentation of the topic and objectives of the lesson.
The topic of today's lesson is “Nature of the Krasnodar Territory. Surface shape. Natural zones of the region. This is a continuation of the theme of the previous lesson. Today we must replenish our knowledge.
^iii. Repetition of what has been learned.
Where is our region located?
What seas wash its territory?
What is the area of our region?
^ Work on the topic of the lesson.
Work with a physical map of the Krasnodar Territory.
- Into what 2 parts can the territory of our region be conditionally divided?
The surface of the Krasnodar Territory is divided by the Kuban River into 2 parts: the northern plain and the southern mountainous. Each of these parts has a special character of relief, vegetation, soils, fauna and climate.
Azov-Kuban Plain.
Guess what we're talking about now?
Look how far
Without end and end
The quiet river murmurs
Sighing in the reeds.
The breadth of the fields, the scope of the steppes -
A familiar picture.
Only you are not dearer,
Kuban ... (plain).
Most of the territory of the region, located to the north of the Kuban River, its right bank is occupied by the Azov-Kuban Plain.
Our Beloglinsky district is also located on this plain.
(Students mark the Azov-Kuban Plain on the contour)
The surface of the plain is crossed by river valleys. In some places there are burial mounds - ancient grave mounds. Deep, steep depressions formed by rain flows are ravines. They bring great harm to agriculture. The ravines are being fought. It happens that after many years the slopes of the ravines become flat, overgrown with grass, shrubs, turning into beams.
Gradually, rising in the east, the plain passes into the spurs of the Stavropol Upland.
In the recent past, the Azov-Kuban Plain was a forb-feather grass steppe. During the summer, it acquired either a bright green or a white-yellow-blue color, since different plants did not bloom at the same time. The modern steppe is all plowed up and occupied with crops of wheat, corn, sunflower and other cultivated plants.
In the Kuban delta, in floodplains and estuaries, reeds, cattail, sedge, yellow water lilies, water lilies, water chestnuts are common.
3). "Volcanoes" (Report of the first student)
a) Riddle: "What is in the middle of the volcano and at the beginning of the Caucasus Mountains?"
b) Do you know what volcanoes are?
You must have seen it on TV. Have you actually seen volcanoes? Would like to see? So it's very easy! In total, about five hours drive from our village, on the Taman Peninsula (this place between the Azov and Black Seas) there are volcanoes, they are also called mud hills. Of course, they are not big, so the volcanoes are gnomes, but they act like real ones. They spit out ash smoke, salt water, and sometimes fiery eruptions.
c) Drawing a volcano during an eruption. (Mark on the contour of the Krasnodar Territory the places where mud hills meet).
four). The mountainous southern part of the Krasnodar Territory.
If rocks and ridges
Proudly watching from above
Rivers run fast
Rockfalls here and there.
Well, what are the conversations -
Do you know what it is … (the mountains)
b) The report of the second student.
To the south of the Kuban River, the Zakuban lowland is gradually replaced by a hilly surface cut by hollows. This is the foothills of the Western Caucasus. Perdgorie passes into the mountainous part of the main Caucasian ridge, which occupies one third of the region's area. Here are high ridges, deep gorges, wide valleys, along which mountain rivers rustle and foam. On the tops of the mountains - Fisht (2867 m), Chugush (3238 m) even in summer there is snow. The highest mountain in the region is Tsakhvoa (3345 m).
Snowy peaks, cold and majestic, stand lifeless and inaccessible. Even mountain eagles do not fly here.
Below, subaltic meadows begin, which are covered with tall (sometimes as tall as a man) grasses.
Even lower are forests. First, conifers (Caucasian fir, spruce, pine), which then turn into mixed and deciduous (elm, maple, ash, oak, walnut).
Scientists consider the Caucasus Mountains to be young. They are about seventy million years old. Compared to the Ural Mountains, this is so - the mountains are preschool children.
The Caucasus Mountains are famous for their caves. They are very beautiful and mysterious. The longest cave is located in the Eastern Khosta River area. Its length is about 10 km.
5) Fauna of the Kuban.
a) Repeat the names of animals that live in different natural zones of our region.
b) The game "My Zoo"
(Guess the riddles, take the desired subject picture and attach it to the board).
Who has ears longer than a tail? (hare)
Sleeps during the day, flies at night, hoots loudly and scares passers-by. (owl)
He sheds every year, but is always gray. (wolf)
It arrives in the spring, but does not make spring alone. (martin)
At the bottom, where it is quiet and dark, lies a mustachioed log. (som)
The largest animal of the Krasnodar Territory. (bison)
The nature of our region is beautiful and diverse. Of great importance are natural resources, which include fields and forests, minerals, wildlife, water and much more. Some of these riches can be completely exhausted, others are inexhaustible, but difficult to restore. Hence the conclusion follows: natural resources must be protected and used in such a way that they bring benefits to people for many years.
If we consider the ecological situation of our village Uspenskaya, then soon it can be called a crisis. Forest belts are polluted with garbage, have become its dumps. The water in the Kalala River is polluted as a result of the discharge of dirty water by some enterprises, the villagers arrange dumps along the banks of the river. Recently, the local administration has been using various means to combat environmental pollution.
Lesson summary
- What discoveries did you make for yourself today at the lesson?
- Is the nature of the plains and mountains of our region different?
What does it mean to "preserve nature"?
- How can each of you take part in the protection of the nature of our village?
Homework.
Prepare for a drawing competition on the topic "Nature protection of my village."
