Diagnosis of lumbago. Acute lumbago

garden equipment 03.07.2020

garden equipment

The course of treatment of lumbalgia in the clinics "Masterskaya Zdorovya" in St. Petersburg returns the patient freedom of movement, releases pinched nerve endings, and relieves muscle spasms.

If lumbalgia has arisen due to a shift in the intervertebral discs, we return them to their place with the help of the author's gymnastics of our doctors - kinesiotherapy. It quickly relieves back pain. Hirudotherapy procedures (treatment with leeches) normalize blood circulation and metabolism. After sessions of reflexology (acupuncture), swelling and inflammation disappear. For a quick recovery during treatment, you need to stay in bed and move less.

When it appeared lumbalgia of the lumbar spine, treatment it is recommended to support by wearing specialized lumbar corsets (they differ in the level of rigidity, therefore only the attending physician can prescribe them) and by applying compresses using woolen belts and warming ointments.

We support patients after the end of the course of treatment. The doctor gives the patient a manual with exercises for self-strengthening of the spine. He will advise what lifestyle to lead so that the pain in the lower back does not return. The patient can visit our doctor free of charge for a year after the end of the course.

Blockade

A blockade may be prescribed if a patient suffering from lumbodynia has:

extensive inflammation of the joints and ligaments;
hernia;
severe pain in the lumbar region.

The blockade is carried out by injecting an anesthetic drug into the problem area of the back. The effect of this can last up to four days. If necessary, the procedure is repeated many times, but usually no more than 15 injection courses are performed.

Causes of lumbalgia

The most common cause of lumbodynia is. This is compression and inflammation of the spinal nerves due to wear of the intervertebral discs.

Aching pains in the lower back appear due to osteochondrosis, intervertebral hernia, and fractures, overstrain of the muscles and ligaments of the back. The causes of lumbodynia are prolapse of the intervertebral disc, rheumatic and infectious diseases, osteoarthritis, and in rare cases, tumors. The disease occurs against the background of spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis, spondylitis, purulent epiduritis, diseases of the genitourinary system and retroperitoneal organs.

An attack of lumbodynia is provoked by:

sharp tilt, turn;

excess weight, malnutrition;

temperature fluctuations, hypothermia;

stress, trauma, chronic sleep deprivation;

long stay in one position.

Types of lumbalgia

There are two types of lumbodynia: acute and chronic.

Acute lumbodynia occurs suddenly after heavy lifting or a sudden awkward movement. Most often, a person has impaired metabolic processes in the spine. Lower back pain is relieved by lying down and worse with any movement. This form of the disease can go away abruptly.

Chronic lumbodynia can be a continuation of the acute form or appear independently of it. The chronic form of the disease occurs due to arthrosis of the facet joints, myofascial syndrome, spondylolisthesis or spondylolysis, and vertebral instability. With chronic back pain treatment will be more difficult, due to the greater "neglect" of the situation.

Prevention of lumbodynia

Recommended for the prevention of lower back pain to engage in fitness, swimming, cycling. Walk more, walk in the fresh air. Try not to overcool or put on weight. To maintain the health of the spine, it is better to sleep on an orthopedic mattress on your side - in this position, the spine is unloaded.

To work at a computer, choose an anatomically shaped chair and lean on the back, this reduces the load on the spine. Don't lift a lot of weight. When lifting weights, bend your knees, keep your back straight, lift the load with the muscles of your arms and legs, not your back. Distribute a heavy load with both hands or carry a backpack.

It is also necessary to eat right, building a diet in such a way that the food consumed contains a sufficient amount of minerals, proteins and vitamins.D. It is recommended to avoid common bad habits such as smoking or heavy drinking.

In order to prevent the occurrence of lumbalgia during pregnancy, it is strongly recommended to wear a support bandage starting from the sixth month.

Hello my good ones! In our village this summer, an epidemic went directly to lumbalgia of the lumbar spine. All painkillers ointments in the pharmacy were sold out, and it is not known when new ones will be delivered.

So people come to me for rubbing and poultices. In the morning, one neighbor came to take her husband, in the evening another looked for salvation from me for her grandfather.

I help as much as I can. Nature's pantry is always open. Yes, and my grandmother strictly, before she died, ordered people who asked never to refuse.

What is lumbodynia?

Lumbodynia, or spondylogenic lumbodynia, is a collective term for local pain in the lumbar region. Among all back pain, the pain syndrome that develops in the lumbar region occupies the first position. Lumbalgia periodically develops in 20% of the total adult population of the globe.

The development of lumbalgia may be associated with vertebrogenic factors, that is, diseases of the spine, and non-vertebrogenic causes.

Vertebrogenic lumbodynia develops as a result of:

Hernias of the lumbosacral spine;
Spinal stenosis;
Spondylolisthesis;
Instability of the lumbar spine;
After surgical interventions in this area;
With the development of age-related degenerative changes;
In the presence of a tumor of the spine;
Infectious lesions of the spinal column;
Lumbar injuries.

Non-vertebrogenic lumbodynia of the lumbar spine is associated with diseases of the internal organs. Pain in the lumbar region can be associated with gynecological diseases, kidney diseases, urological problems.

An interesting fact is that acute lumbodynia has a direct relationship between the level of social status, education, work time and lifestyle of patients.

Many patients confuse two terms: lumbodynia, or lumbago, and lumboischialgia. In the first case, there is a sharp, point soreness, which is most often provoked by some factor: coughing, sneezing, lifting weights. If the pain begins to radiate, then they talk about lumboischialgia.

Lumbodynia of the lumbar spine can be acute and chronic. If acute pain can last only one second and the patient notes a clear relationship with the provoking factor. That chronic pain is not intense, aching, provokes the development of prolonged physical activity, after suffering an infectious disease.

Objectively, with lumbodynia, it is possible to reveal the aggregation of the physiological lumbar lordosis, as well as pain on palpation of the paravertebral points. Tension symptoms are mild.

For lumbar lumbodynia, the development of two main syndromes is characteristic:

Levingston's syndrome, in which contracture is formed in the region of the triangle of the multifidus muscle, there is a feeling of tightness and dull pain;
Salt-Williams syndrome, in which the same changes develop, but the inability to take a deep breath is added, as the pain in this area increases sharply.

Pain syndrome "lumbalgia" occurs due to a violation of the functionality of the spine and is not an independent disease. Most often, lumbodynia is not related to the development of serious pathologies and is temporary, manifesting itself as painful aching sensations that radiate to the back of the thigh and become stronger with physical effort.

Over time, the pain symptomatology goes away, but it can occur again at any time. In order to get rid of it, it is necessary to eliminate the cause that causes it.

Causes

The causes of lumbodynia can be divided into two large groups: lower back pain associated with the spine (vertebrogenic), lower back pain associated with other causes.

Vertebrogenic lumbodynia

Vertebrogenic factors of lumbalgia are pains that are caused by:

osteochondrosis of the spine,
scoliosis of the spine
dystrophic changes in the vertebrae, intervertebral discs,
degenerative changes in ligaments and muscles,
arthrosis of the intervertebral joints,
hernias and protrusions of the intervertebral discs,
muscular-fascial syndrome,
instability of the spinal motion segment,
spinal stenosis.

As a result, compression of the nerve roots occurs with the formation of symptoms.

Vertebrogenic lumbodynia in the lower back is provoked by excessive physical exertion, heavy lifting, abrupt awkward movements, prolonged static loads, hypothermia of the lower back and the whole body.

The cause of lumbodynia can be:

excessive, unusual for the body load when lifting weights;
sharp, so-called unprepared, movements on "cold" unheated muscles and joints;
hypothermia;
smoking as a background factor;
psycho-emotional overstrain - stress.

Lumbalgia - pain in the lumbar spine, as a rule, appears against the background of already existing osteochondrosis. Due to the dystrophic processes of the spine, and especially the intervertebral discs, which are characteristic of this disease, the distance between the vertebral bodies decreases, resulting in muscle spasm and lumbodynia.

Non-vertebrogenic lumbodynia

They are usually associated with osteoporosis, which causes brittle bones, back injuries, diseases of the kidneys, genital organs in women and men, diseases of the intestines and blood vessels, oncology, inflammatory, infectious diseases (herpes zoster, myositis).

Viral or infectious diseases can also cause lumbalgia. Even ordinary herpes, which few people attach importance to. Injuries and the appearance of tumors in the abdominal cavity can have a detrimental effect on the lower back. They are capable of causing irreparable harm.

Narrow spinal canal, hernia, diseases of the kidneys and urinary system, displacement of the vertebrae also lead to lumbodynia. The danger lies in the fact that the first signal may go unnoticed.

According to the duration of the course and features, there are:

acute and intense pain (lumbago or lumbago),
prolonged pain in the sacrum and lower back - lumbalgia,
lower back pain radiating to the leg - lumboischialgia.

Symptoms

The classic clinical picture of lumbodynia gives local, sharp or aching pain, in which there is a limitation of mobility in the lumbar spine. If chronic lumbodynia is caused by a hernia or spondyloarthrosis, then sensitive disturbances are noted in the zone of innervation of the affected intervertebral disc.

Pain in the lumbar spine can be diffuse or localized on one side or even at one point. The duration of the pain syndrome is from several minutes to chronic (permanent) forms. Symptoms of lumbalgia - pain in the lumbar spine include the appearance of muscle seals in the lumbar region. Pressing on them is very painful.

The symptoms of lumbodynia are especially strong on the fourth - fifth day after the onset of the attack, and then it begins to gradually weaken. During an attack, it is difficult for the patient to bend down and unbend, to stand for a long time; he constantly wants to sit down or lie down.

If the pain in the lower back lasts more than six weeks, progressively worsens, or is accompanied by fever, sudden weight loss and injury, seek medical help immediately so as not to miss the oncological disease.

In most cases, lumbar lumbodynia is nonspecific, but in 1–3% of cases it may indicate the development of purulent epiduritis, spondylitis, and discitis.

In order not to be afraid of the first signs, because we can talk about different diseases, you should pay attention to a few points that will tell you what to do next:

Pain on one side of the lower back. It is not at all necessary that the "shot" will manifest itself in full. It is enough to happen at least on one side, and you can fully suspect lumbalgia.
Tilts. It is not necessary that discomfort will occur in a certain position of the body. But if one had only to bend down a little, and at the same moment the whole body tensed from the sensations that bound him, then there can be no doubt.
Lying position. Pain can be of different nature. Including forcing the patient to sit on the bed on his side. In most cases, this is the healthy half of the body. But there are exceptions to the rules.
Helper hand. Classical picture: tilt, attempt to rise, discomfort. And now the fingers lie on the lower back, as if helping to straighten up. Often this behavior is unconscious, because we always strive to reach the source of pain. And when the hand touches, it seems that it becomes easier.
Time. When everything happens for the first time, it is often thought that it is just like that, it will pass. Now let's lie down for a bit, and everything will be all right.

Lumbodynia does not appear at the first moment. At first, several days will pass, and then the realization begins: to lie down when the muscles are relaxed is much more pleasant, the pain becomes quieter.

The pain syndrome is often so pronounced that it is difficult for the patient to walk and perform previously familiar household activities: wash, stand at the stove, cook, iron clothes.

The patient constantly experiences fatigue in the lower back and therefore strives for a frequent change of position: either he leans on the table with outstretched arms, then he moves to the edge of the seat, then he presses his whole back against the back of the chair.

It is difficult for a person to lean forward, and with the progression of the disease, the range of motion decreases, and the pain becomes constant, intense, aggravated by sudden movements, coughing, sneezing, and laughter.

In the absence of treatment, the pathological process progresses: the pain spreads to the region of the sacrum, to the buttock and lower limb. Possible reflex dysfunction of internal organs.

In the affected area, the patient, his associates or the doctor find no less painful muscle compactions, palpation of which causes intense local pain and pain reflected at a point remote from the injury site. The patient even shudders in pain. This is the so-called symptom of muscle tension. It allows you to distinguish lumbodynia from other diseases of the spine with similar clinical manifestations.

A number of patients have a positive symptom of Lasegue. This is one of the symptoms of tension, manifested by increased pain in the lumbar region and along the sciatic nerve, if the doctor raises the straightened leg of the patient lying on his back. When bending the leg at the knee joint, the patient experiences relief, as the pain disappears.

If the cause of lumbalgia is a herniated disc, in addition to lower back pain, the patient may complain of a feeling of coldness in the legs, numbness, and the doctor will detect lethargy of tendon reflexes in the lower extremities, as well as motor disorders.

When diagnosing lumbalgia, you need to make sure that this symptom is not a sign of a serious disease of the spine or spinal cord. Thus, lumbodynia symptoms and treatment will be interrelated, since the intensity and duration of the clinic will change the relevance of the prescribed therapy.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of lumbodynia is not difficult, since its clinical manifestations are such that it can be easily distinguished from other diseases. It is much more difficult to determine the cause that caused this syndrome. In order to get the desired data, you must:

conduct a somatic examination to exclude non-vertebrogenic causes;
pass laboratory tests;
undergo an ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs;
be examined by a gynecologist and urologist;
undergo an x-ray of the spine in two projections: straight and lateral;
undergo CT or MRI, which are the most highly informative diagnostic methods for lumbalgia.

The radiograph will reveal gross changes in the structure of the spine: the presence of traumatic injuries, narrowing of the intervertebral spaces and bone growths around them, osteoporosis.

More informative than radiography is computed tomography. This study allows you to get a clear layer-by-layer image of the spine and surrounding tissues and identify diseases such as stenosis (narrowing) of the spinal canal, disc herniation, and neoplasms.

The most informative method for diagnosing this group of diseases is magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI. It allows you to reliably diagnose changes in the spine and its surrounding organs: muscles, blood vessels and nerves.

Diagnostic methods such as electromyography (EMG) and electroneuromyography (ENMG) can also be used. With their help, it is easy to detect violations of the transmission of a nerve impulse through muscles and nerve fibers.

In order to detect neoplasms and the focus of infection, the patient may be prescribed scintigraphy. This research method is based on the different absorption of a radioactive substance introduced into the body by healthy and pathologically altered tissues.

If there is a suspicion of compression (pinching) of the nerve root, thermography will help confirm or refute it. With the help of special infrared sensors, the temperature of two sides of the body is measured: up to the alleged site of damage and below it.

For the purpose of differential diagnosis of lumbalgia and diseases of the abdominal organs, ultrasound examination (ultrasound) can be used. If it is necessary to detect damage to any muscle, ligament or tendon, they are examined directly by this method.

To determine the presence of an inflammatory process in the body of an infectious or non-infectious nature that can cause lumbalgia, laboratory tests are carried out, in particular a general blood test, urine test, rheumatic tests, and others.

A bone scan may be needed if the doctor needs to make sure that low back pain is not the result of some rare problem, such as cancer or infection.

Densitometry (a study of bone density). If a patient is suspected of having osteoporosis, the doctor may refer them for densitometry. Osteoporosis weakens the bone, making it more prone to fracture. Osteoporosis itself does not cause low back pain, but a compression fracture due to osteoporosis can cause pain.

First aid for an attack

If it is necessary to treat an attack of lumbago at home, a number of measures must be taken:

Take a lying position. In order to relieve pain, you should lie on a hard surface, for example, on the floor, after laying a blanket on it, so that it is not too hard or cold. To relax the muscles of the back, the legs should be laid on a low chair, a bench, or on a cushion rolled up from pillows so that the hips are perpendicular to the floor.
Call a doctor.
Drink a drug that is not related to hormonal, for example, Diclofenac. Drug treatment of lumbago at home is possible only as prescribed by a doctor.
Take a painkiller, such as Nurofen or Nise, but only if the pain is very severe and cannot be tolerated.
An ointment that can be used for an acute attack of lumbago is gently rubbed into the lower back. Among the external preparations that can be used in the treatment of symptoms of lumbago at home are Fastum Gel, Ketoprofen, Voltaren.
Until the doctor arrives, or until the pain subsides, you should be at rest and, if possible, not move.
Heat is what it is customary to treat lumbago of the lumbar in everyday life. As a rule, the patient seeks to wrap the lower back as warmly as possible. In this case, there is no universal recipe. Doctors recommend that you provide yourself with the most comfortable condition of the back area, which is not always associated with exposure to heat. The general opinion of experts is that for the symptoms of lumbago, the treatment is rather to avoid hypothermia.

When the acute phase of the disease is over, and the doctor prescribes the drug treatment of this particular case of lumbago, taking into account its symptoms, it will be necessary to observe the following regimen in order to avoid the occurrence of new attacks:

Refusal of food that retains fluid in the tissues, namely, spicy, salty, sweet, alcohol and coffee.
Make it a rule to perform simple exercises to strengthen the muscles of the back, diaphragm and abdominals. Of course, these exercises are performed after the treatment of sciatica, which manifests itself in lumbago, the complete elimination of the pain syndrome and the return of spinal mobility.
In order to get rid of the disease, you need to know how to treat lumbago at home using medications.

Treatment of lumbodynia

Treatment of spinal problems generally falls into two categories: conservative treatment and surgery.

In conservative treatment, the following methods are widely used:

Physiotherapy. May include applying ice and/or heating pads, massage, therapeutic exercises, ultrasound and electrical stimulation;
Traction therapy (traction of the spine) without the use of weights and belts. Traction therapy involves gentle and physiological traction of the spine in order to increase the distance between the vertebrae to restore nutrition, and as a result, the condition of the intervertebral discs. Such therapy is effective, first of all, with intervertebral hernia and degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs and is a good way to prevent the occurrence of such problems. In addition, traction therapy improves posture;
Medical corsets. Corsets are not recommended to be worn in case of pain caused by osteochondrosis and its complications. But corsets are necessary for acute back injury.
Exercises for the flexibility of the spine.
Treatment with medications: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), muscle relaxants, steroid injections into the painful area, in the most difficult cases - narcotic drugs. It is used for acute back injury. With osteochondrosis of the spine, little help is given. Prolonged use causes diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Dikul's technique

IN AND. Dikul developed a special load scheme with the use of simulators and therapeutic exercises, which, with the right approach, can restore mobility to the affected areas. In addition to physical activity, the method of manual therapy, acupuncture and drinking regimen, which involves the use of up to a liter of mineral water per day, are used.

At the first stage, the body is prepared for physical activity. These are yoga, Pilates, breathing exercises. At the second stage, the affected muscles are restored, the tone of the soft tissues of the problem area increases.

The third stage of classes provides for an increase in the mobility of the spine and active training on simulators. In addition, the patient is selected an individual set of exercises that he can perform at home.

According to reviews, the Dikul technique is able to completely restore the spine, but the length of the rehabilitation period depends on the complexity of the course of the disease. In some patients, recovery occurs after three months, others have to repeat the course of training for several years.

Medical treatment

Universal methods have been developed on how to treat lumbago of the lower back at home. These include internal and external means.

Domestic funds. Inside take a number of drugs of a general nature:

Nonsteroidal medicines that relieve swelling, pain and inflammation. These include Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac.
Sedatives to relieve nervous tension and normalize sleep, which include, for example, Spasmolitin.
B vitamins that promote tissue regeneration and strengthen local and general immunity.

Among them are meloxicam with a dosage of 15 mg per day and ibuprofen - 75–150 mg per day. The duration of their intake should not exceed two weeks, if during this period there is no improvement, you should contact your doctor for a further prescription.

In combination with NSAIDs, muscle relaxants are taken: tolperisone and tizanidine. The dosage of the first is 4 mg three times a day, and the second - 150 mg three times a day. On the recommendation of the doctor, the patient drinks diuretics: lasix or furosemide.

Blocking of acute pain is carried out by injections of novocaine and hydrocortisone blockade. The effect of the injection occurs almost instantly and lasts from two weeks to a month.

External funds. External preparations include the above ointments that are effective for lumbago, as well as preparations for compresses that have a warming, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effect.

These drugs include Dimexide, which is very effective for use in the form of compresses, as it penetrates through the pores to the focus of inflammation and successfully removes it. Compresses with Dimexide for the treatment of symptoms and manifestations of lumbago at home are prepared as follows:

dilute Dimexide with water in a ratio of 1: 1;
moisten a cotton napkin with a solution;
attach a napkin to the lower back, cover yourself with a blanket for half an hour.

This procedure can be carried out every day at night. The method works perfectly as a component of complex therapy.

Surgical intervention

Spinal surgery for lumbodynia can only be considered if conservative treatment fails within about six months.

You need to understand that surgery is not the last chance for those who have already tried everything. Some patients are not candidates for surgical treatment, even if they experience severe pain and other methods do not help. Some types of chronic back pain cannot be cured with surgery.

Usually, one of two or two types of surgery are used for low back pain: spinal fusion and discectomy. Spinal fusion is the fusion of a spinal segment with the help of a bone implant.

Spinal fusion is indicated if the movement of the spinal segment causes pain to the patient. Such an operation may be recommended for scoliosis, vertebral instability, severe degeneration of one or more intervertebral discs.

Discectomy involves removing the affected intervertebral disc and replacing it with an artificial disc. It is carried out with large intervertebral hernias and severe degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

Surgical treatment of intervertebral hernias should be carried out in extreme cases. Since the operation does not affect the cause of the development of the intervertebral hernia, the number of relapses is very large.

Massage and self-massage

With symptoms and manifestations of lumbago, home treatment with massage and self-massage helps to achieve the following effects:

increased blood flow;
lymphatic drainage;
relief of pain syndrome;
reduced inflammation;
removal of puffiness.

Treatment of lumbago with unprofessional massage involves the use of extremely soft, shallow techniques that do not bring discomfort to the patient, which include:

kneading;
stroking;
light rubbing.

Treatment with massage and self-massage is indicated only after the relief of acute manifestations of the disease.

Treatment with folk methods

Treatment of lumbodynia with folk remedies gives a temporary result, which manifests itself in the removal of pain and partial relaxation of the muscles in the affected area of the spine. Herbs and medicinal preparations are used to prepare ointments and tinctures.

Ingested funds include the following fees:

calendula, plantain, field sweet clover, horsetail in equal parts;
bark of oak and birch in equal proportions;
aloe juice, honey, Cahors, infused in equal proportions.

These formulations are taken one-third of a glass twice a day. A mixture of aloe juice, Cahors and honey is taken on an empty stomach, one dessert spoon twice a day. The intake of the presented funds helps to strengthen the immune system, restore tissues, and has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Ointment from comfrey root. To prepare the ointment, you need to take the comfrey root and grind until smooth. Pour half a glass of comfrey with boiling water and leave for half an hour. The ratio of the mixture and water should be in equal proportions. Add the same amount of softened butter to the resulting slurry from the root.

Apply the ointment to the affected area of the back in the morning and evening. After application, wrap with a warm scarf.

Poultices from cinquefoil. Take 100 ml of boiling water and pour or three tablespoons of chopped cinquefoil. Leave for ten minutes. Take gauze and wrap the resulting cake in it, squeeze out the water and apply it to the sore spot while still warm. Use for acute pain twice a day.

Prevention and prognosis

To prevent the development of pain in the lumbar region, it is necessary to avoid increased stress on the spine:

do not lift weights; if it is necessary to lift the load, do not perform this action, leaning on straight legs, but bend the legs at the knees and, keeping the back straight, lift the load, using the muscles of the arms and legs, and not the back;
to work at a computer, choose a comfortable chair with an anatomically shaped back;
use an orthopedic mattress for sleeping.

In addition, you should strengthen your back muscles by doing swimming, fitness, cycling or other sports.

An active lifestyle is also important - walking, daily walks in the fresh air. It is worth avoiding hypothermia and eating right, controlling body weight, preventing weight gain. If these recommendations are followed, the risk of developing vertebrogenic lumbodynia will be significantly reduced.

As for the prevention of lumbodynia not associated with the spine, you should be attentive to your health, consult a doctor in a timely manner about any somatic pathology and follow his recommendations for treatment.

With lumbodynia, the prognosis directly depends on the reasons due to which it arose. In some cases - with only a pathological process that has just arisen, provided that it is adequately treated, the prognosis is favorable (the symptoms regress and no longer bother the person).

If back pain occurs against the background of chronic diseases of the internal organs and the spine, as well as as a result of injuries, the prognosis is relatively favorable or unfavorable (the latter is especially true for malignant neoplasms, as the causes of lumbodynia).

Lumbodynia is a syndrome of acute or aching pain in the back, which can be either permanent or intermittent. The disease occurs in parallel with other pathologies of the spine, such as intervertebral hernia, osteochondrosis, and posture disorders. Pain is aggravated by physical exertion and walking, when a person assumes a forced position, such as sitting or bending.

The cause of the pain syndrome is the irritation of the paravertebral receptors, articular ligaments and the fibrous ring. The first signs of lumbodynia are pain along the entire spinal column, impaired mobility and visual deformation of the spine, which becomes visible to the naked eye.

The disease has no clear age limits and can be diagnosed in both children and older people. In young people, lumbalgia is a consequence of past injuries and an unhealthy lifestyle, which, together with pathological changes in the spine, lead to acute back pain. However, the highest percentage of diagnosing lumbodynia occurs in patients aged 30 to 50 years.

Note!

Lumbodynia can occur in adolescents during a period of active growth. For girls it is 10-12 years old, and for boys it is 13-17 years old. Women suffer from back pain more often than men. This is due to the fact that in the postmenopausal period, some patients may develop osteoporosis.

Based on the duration of the pain syndrome and the characteristics of its development, there are:

sharp and intense pain (lumbago or lumbago);
prolonged pain in the lumbar region and sacrum (lumbalgia);
pain syndrome with irradiation to the lower limb (lumboischialgia).

Causes of lumbalgia

In medicine, there are several provoking factors that can cause lumbalgia. In addition to the congenital weakness of muscle tissues, the lifestyle of the patient and his physical fitness play an important role. There are two types of lumbalgia: vertebrogenic (associated with diseases of the spine) and non-vertebrogenic (the cause of the disease is not associated with the spine).

Causes of vertebrogenic lumbalgia:

scoliosis, osteochondrosis;
arthrosis of the intervertebral joints;
dystrophic processes in the intervertebral discs;
spinal stenosis;
pathological changes in muscle tissues and ligaments;
hernia of the spine and protrusion of the intervertebral discs;
disorders of the spinal motion segment;
muscular-fascial syndrome.

As a result of the above diseases, compression of the nerve roots occurs, which is accompanied by a pain symptom.

In addition, vertebrogenic lumbalgia occurs as a result of trauma to the spine, after lifting weights and heavy physical exertion. Hypothermia of the back and the whole body, awkward movements and a sharp change in body position have a negative effect on the spine.

The causes of non-vertebrogenic lumbodynia arise due to pathologies that have nothing to do with the spine. For example, diseases of the genital organs, kidneys, intestines and blood vessels can provoke back pain, which, if not properly treated, becomes chronic. Inflammatory processes in the body, the presence of oncology and infectious diseases also affect the symptomatic manifestation of lumbalgia. In the risk group, people suffering from osteoporosis, it contributes to the deterioration of bone tissue, which causes its fragility and susceptibility to injury.

Excess weight, malnutrition, lack of sleep and physical inactivity entail degenerative processes in the body, which are also causes of lumbodynia.

Symptoms

Symptoms of lumbodynia depend on the cause of the disease. The pain can be both acute and aching in nature, manifest itself with loads on the lumbar region, or be present all the time. Often, pain disappears in the supine position, when the patient completely relaxes and takes a comfortable position for him.

In the first week after the onset of the disease, the pain is acute and may intensify. The patient is recommended bed rest, so it will be possible to avoid excessive muscle tension and stress on the lumbar region. A muscle spasm appears in the affected area of the spine, which is accompanied by compaction of the injured area and limitation of the patient's mobility.

If the cause of lumbodynia is a vertebral hernia, the patient may complain of numbness of the lower extremities, decreased sensitivity and reflexes. Blood circulation is disturbed, because of this, a feeling of coldness in the legs is possible.

Diagnostics

If the slightest symptoms of the disease appear, you should immediately consult a doctor. Making the correct diagnosis determines the course of treatment, which will determine the speed of recovery of the patient. First of all, the doctor examines the patient and specifies the frequency and nature of the pain. For more information about the development of the disease, the patient gives a general blood and urine test, blood for antibodies to infectious diseases and a biochemical blood test.

X-ray examination will show the condition of the bones and help determine the cause of the pain. In some cases, these may be age-related changes in bone tissue, curvature of the spine, or fractures. It should be noted that x-rays do not show the condition of muscle tissues, nerves and intervertebral discs.

If a patient has problems with bone tissue, an additional computed tomography is prescribed. This type of diagnostics allows you to create a three-dimensional image of the bones, which will allow you to explore the pathology in more detail.

Magnetic resonance imaging shows the condition of the soft tissues. It is carried out to exclude the presence of tumors and intervertebral hernias.

Densitometry is performed to study bone density in cases of suspected osteoporosis. This disease is not accompanied by pain, but significantly weakens the bones and they become prone to fractures.

An additional diagnostic method is a bone scan. It is carried out in exceptional cases, when there is a suspicion of oncological and infectious diseases.

Treatment

Treatment of lumbodynia is carried out both conservatively and surgically. The effectiveness of non-surgical treatment in most cases depends on the duration of the disease and the primary causes of its occurrence.

In medicine, traction therapy is widely used without the use of belts and weights. Spinal traction is gentle and helps to improve the general condition of the spine, increase the distance between the discs and relieve tension in the back. This method is widely used for lumbalgia provoked by intervertebral hernia. In addition, traction of the spine is an excellent way to prevent diseases of the spinal column, it improves posture and mobility of the discs.

When using physiotherapy techniques, they resort to electrical and ultrasound simulation, gymnastics and massage. As prescribed by the doctor, you can use contrasting compresses, apply ice and a warm heating pad to the affected area.

Dikul's technique

In recent years, the method of treating lumbodynia using the Dikul method has gained unprecedented popularity. According to studies, the body has the ability to self-repair, this also applies to spinal injuries. IN AND. Dikul developed a special load scheme with the use of simulators and therapeutic exercises, which, with the right approach, can restore mobility to the affected areas. In addition to physical activity, the method of manual therapy, acupuncture and drinking regimen, which involves the use of up to a liter of mineral water per day, are used.

The course of treatment consists of three cycles of twelve sessions.

At the first stage, the body is prepared for physical activity. These are yoga, Pilates, breathing exercises.

At the second stage, the affected muscles are restored, the tone of the soft tissues of the problem area increases.

Video

A set of exercises for the spine according to the Dikul method.

Medical treatment

Treatment with drugs is carried out in order to relieve the main symptoms. Medications may be taken in conjunction with other treatments, such as massage or exercise therapy. Patients with a diagnosis of lumbodynia are prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Among them are meloxicam with a dosage of 15 mg per day and ibuprofen - 75-150 mg per day. The duration of their intake should not exceed two weeks, if during this period there is no improvement, you should contact your doctor for a further prescription.

In combination with NSAIDs, muscle relaxants are taken: tolperisone and tizanidine. The dosage of the first is 4 mg three times a day, and the second - 150 mg three times a day.

Blocking of acute pain is carried out by injections of novocaine and hydrocortisone blockade. The effect of the injection occurs almost instantly and lasts from two weeks to a month.

Operation

If conservative methods of treatment do not give visible results and six months have passed since the start of treatment, you should contact the surgeon. An operation for lumbodynia is done only as a last resort, since this manipulation does not affect the cause of the development of the disease and the risk of relapse is quite high.

The operation is performed in one of two ways: discectomy or spinal fusion.

Spinal fusion is used if the movement of the spinal segment is accompanied by acute pain. During the operation, the surgeon fuses the vertebral segment with a bone implant.

Discectomy involves the removal of the affected disc and the introduction of an artificial analogue.

Treatment with folk methods

Comfrey root ointment

1 To prepare the ointment, you need to take the comfrey root and grind until smooth. Pour half a glass of comfrey with boiling water and leave for half an hour. The ratio of the mixture and water should be in equal proportions. Add the same amount of softened butter to the resulting slurry from the root.

Apply the ointment to the affected area of the back in the morning and evening. After application, wrap with a warm scarf.

Poultices from cinquefoil

2 Take 100 ml of boiling water and pour or three tablespoons of chopped cinquefoil. Leave for ten minutes. Take gauze and wrap the resulting cake in it, squeeze out the water and apply it to the sore spot while still warm. Use for acute pain twice a day.

Lubmalgia during pregnancy

The occurrence of lumbalgia during pregnancy is quite common, since during the growth of the fetus, the load on the lower back increases. In the third trimester of pregnancy, the body begins to prepare for childbirth, the woman's pelvic bones expand and the sacrum shifts. All these processes are accompanied by pain and stiffness of the lower back.

During pregnancy, any medications to relieve pain are contraindicated. A woman is recommended to wear a special support corset and do a light massage of the affected area.

Lumbodynia does not pose a danger to the child if preventive measures are taken in time. In the first trimester, any physical activity should be excluded, because an increase in the tone of the uterus and lumbalgia can lead to miscarriage. A woman is advised to rest more and not to allow tension of the spinal muscles.

Lumbodynia responds well to treatment in the early stages, so the disease should not be started. Early treatment will avoid surgery and eradicate the cause of the pain.

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Panina Valentina Viktorovna

Actress, Honored Artist of the RSFSR

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I found out about you on the Internet - I urgently need an MRI.

And here I am after the performance. I really liked your employees. Thank you for your attention, kindness and accuracy.

May everything be as good in your soul as I am now, despite all the problems ...

Be!!! We are happy! Your Panina V.V.

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I found out about you on the Internet - I urgently need an MRI.

And here I am after the performance. I really liked your employees. Thank you for your attention, kindness and accuracy.

May everything be as good in your soul as I am now, despite all the problems ...

Be!!! We are happy! Your Panina V.V.

I found out about you on the Internet - I urgently need an MRI.

And here I am after the performance. I really liked your employees. Thank you for your attention, kindness and accuracy.

May everything be as good in your soul as I am now, despite all the problems ...

Be!!! We are happy! Your Panina V.V.

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Sergei Shnurov

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Lumbodynia of the lumbar spine is manifested by severe pain in the lower back. This happens as a result of damage to the soft tissues in the region of the vertebra, most often the muscle or disc suffers. Manifestation in the form of spasms, when a person is engaged in physical activity, makes bends, lifts heavy objects. The cause of the problem is the development of a serious pathology, which the doctor must identify after carrying out the necessary diagnostic procedures.

What is a disease?

Lumbodynia is a pain syndrome (left, center or right), which is manifested by stiffness of movements and muscle spasms. It is diagnosed in people of any age, along with another disease. It is neurological in nature and may appear against the background of the rapid growth of the body or its aging, increased stress or injury. Often confused with, due to the similarity of manifestations and symptoms. But unlike him, lumbodynia happens:

spondylogenic;
discogenic.

In the first case, the appearance of pain is due to a violation of blood circulation in the lower back, which degrades the vertebrae. In the second, the deformation occurs due to changes in the intervertebral space.

Reasons for the appearance

Lumbodynia appears not only in the lower spine, but is often observed in the legs, buttocks or perineum. This condition leads to excessive loads on a weakened muscular frame, pain is felt after a strong muscle tension. The main causes of the development of pathology are distinguished:

Constant pressure. It is created in patients leading a passive lifestyle, with sedentary work, large body weight. During pregnancy and in people sleeping in the wrong position, pressure on the spine increases, swelling forms, and aching pain appears.
Lack of sports. If the muscular corset that supports the back is weak, then the load from wearing heavy weights leads to poor blood circulation, brings the vertebrae together and leads to pinching of the spinal endings.
Slouch. Incorrect position while walking, working at a computer and resting leads to displacement of the vertebrae, inflammation and pain.
Frequent hypothermia. They are dangerous for the body because they cause vasospasm, disrupt blood circulation, and reduce the elasticity of cartilage tissue.
Excessive body weight. Obesity of any degree increases the load on the spine, which displaces discs, disrupts the natural movement of biological fluids in soft tissues.
Age changes. Over time, a person's muscles become weaker, if they are not kept in good shape, they will lose their elasticity. This leads to poor posture and bone degradation. Gradually, severe pain appears.
degenerative changes. The narrowing of the spinal canal gradually leads to severe pain in the buttocks or thighs. In addition to discomfort, it also affects the process of urination, defecation and leg mobility.

In addition to the above reasons, severe stress, trauma, as well as osteochondrosis or other pathologies (hernia, protrusions, arthrosis) can affect the condition of the vertebrae. If measures are not taken in the acute period and the symptoms that appear are ignored, this will lead to disability or disability. The chosen tactics of treatment by a doctor largely depends on the cause, which is established during the examination or study of the anamnesis.

The acute form of lumbodynia is characterized by the appearance of severe pain with recoil to the lower extremities.

Classification

Lumbodynia is a collective definition that includes the symptoms of many diseases. With its help characterize the pain that appears in the lumbar region. The main forms are:

acute: manifested by severe pain in the lower part of the ridge in the form of pulsation or backache;
chronic: proceeds slowly, the symptoms are often attributed to overexertion, leads to damage to the structures of the spine.

The acute form appears after an awkward movement, heavy lifting, severe hypothermia. Degenerative processes occur in the sacral or lumbar region, the peak of development occurs during an intense pain syndrome. In rare cases, it goes away on its own.

Chronic lumbago flows from the acute form, and it is characterized by mild symptoms. The pain radiates to the buttocks, lower limbs, thighs, upper back (vertical). You can find localization in the process of palpation of the patient. Low intensity of symptoms leads to late diagnosis.

The appearance of rapidly increasing back pain is a reason to suspect a violation. But depending on the nature of the origin, the disease is classified into two types:

vertebrogenic lumbalgia: the cause of the problem is hidden in injuries and pathologies (osteoporosis, protrusions, arthritis, osteochondrosis);
non-vertebrogenic lumbalgia: the appearance of pain does not refer to damage to the bone tissue, and the etiology may be hidden in impaired renal function, stomach ulcers, chronic pancreatitis, polycystosis, or inflammatory processes in the ovaries.

The doctor prescribes treatment only after determining the type of pathology and the form of its course. This allows you to choose the most effective tactics and therapy regimen, to increase efficiency.

When the first symptoms appear, you should immediately see a doctor

Symptoms

The main symptom of the disease is acute severe pain, concentrated in the back or radiating to the hips, groin, lower limbs. To differentiate lumbalgia from similar diseases, such as dorsopathy, pay attention to other clinical symptoms and disorders:

increasing discomfort when turning and tilting;
inability to freely straighten or bend the back;
sharp pain when sneezing, coughing, or even trying to take a deep breath;
a feeling of blockage or tightness in the lower back;
shootings in the limbs;
violation of the menstrual cycle;
numbness of the skin;
weakening of potency;
decreased sensation in the feet;
frequent spasms in the calves.

The patient may experience several symptoms at the same time or just one. It all depends on the cause of the pathology. It is impossible to make a diagnosis on your own, only based on personal feelings. It is mandatory to see a specialist for testing.

X-ray is one of the most informative diagnostic methods

How is lumbalgia diagnosed?

Modern medical devices allow you to determine the cause of pain quickly and without pain. To diagnose the disease, doctors resort to the following methods:

X-ray of the localization of pain (reveals deformations);
computed tomography (establishes the nature of the problem);
magnetic resonance imaging (reveals the pathological process and its effect on neighboring tissues).

The results of the tests are considered by a specialist in combination with an anamnesis and a description of the symptoms. Only after obtaining a complete picture of what is happening is appropriate therapy prescribed.

Features of treatment

When the first pains in the lumbosacral region appear, it is worth contacting a local therapist. To effectively deal with the problem, it is necessary to establish the cause, undergo an examination and apply an integrated approach. It, in turn, includes the following types of influence:

drug therapy;
physiotherapy exercises (LFK);
physiotherapy;
ethnoscience;
surgical intervention.

Such a violation as lumbodynia, at home, without going to the doctor is not treated, as it is dangerous with the appearance of various kinds of pathologies. It is a systematic approach and constant monitoring of the dynamics that will avoid the development of serious complications.

Medications are one of the components of the treatment of lumbodynia

Pain management with modern drugs

Medicines are prescribed by the attending physician based on an assessment of the general condition of the patient, his age, the presence of contraindications and the results of the tests. In the process, the duration of exposure can be adjusted, the selected medicines will be replaced by highly specialized ones, the dosage can be increased, but only at the discretion of the doctor. Such therapy is aimed, first of all, at combating symptoms and involves taking the following drugs:

painkillers (antispasmodics, analgesics). They improve the patient's condition, stop the pain, but they cannot cure the disease. They are only a component of general therapy;
anti-inflammatory ("Diclofenac", "Nimesulide", "Dip-Relief"). Aimed at the normalization of body temperature, the elimination of unpleasant symptoms, the removal of edema;
vasodilators ("Pentoxifylline", "Actovegin"). Eliminate spasms, relieve pain, normalize the lumen of blood vessels for the natural movement of blood;
non-steroidal agents ("Nimesulide - gel" or other ointments). They affect the affected area locally.

The choice of a therapeutic drug largely depends on the cause of the appearance of lumbalgia, as well as the presence of severe symptoms in the patient. The methods of influencing the problem with spondialoarthrosis or a pinched nerve will be radically different from each other. Do not forget about the individual approach to each patient. In addition to prescribing drugs, the doctor recommends bed rest and a simple diet, wearing a lumbar corset, as well as visiting a masseur or chiropractor.

Exercise therapy will help strengthen your back and cure lumbalgia

Exercise therapy to strengthen the muscular frame

A set of exercises is prescribed, depending on the patient's state of health, his physical fitness and localization of pain. Gymnastics allows you to achieve the following results:

stretch the spine;
strengthen adjacent muscles;
increase the flexibility and elasticity of soft tissues;
reduce the manifestations of spasms;
improve blood circulation;
activate the outflow of lymphatic fluid;
accelerate the process of tissue repair;
relieve pain syndrome.

Exercises for lumbalgia with sciatica or with muscular tonic syndrome will differ from each other. Therefore, universal approaches do not exist, the complex is selected individually for each patient.

Physiotherapy and massage

Neurology has long adopted the possibilities of treatment with the help of such procedures as acupuncture, electrophoresis, magnetotherapy. They are carried out in a clinic, by specialists with a sufficient level of qualification, the features and duration of exposure are prescribed by a doctor.

In addition to them, it is useful to visit a massage therapist who practices a therapeutic effect on a sore back. It is carried out by health workers with a sufficient level of qualification. With the help of stroking, power pushes, pinching and other manipulations, it is possible to relieve muscle spasms in one session, get rid of pain, normalize blood flow in the tissues, and restore the elasticity of the vertebrae.

Folk remedies

They help to improve the condition of compresses based on alcohol, as well as infusions of medicinal plants. Dandelion flower and horse chestnut cope well with the task. They are finely chopped, poured with alcohol and insisted for several days. A moistened clean cloth is applied to the affected area. A similar effect can be obtained with horseradish root compresses or rubbing with pork fat. They improve blood flow and reduce inflammation.

Excellent folk remedies that allow you to effectively deal with lumbalgia are ointments based on lavender, marshmallow, comfrey, cinquefoil, horsetail. They are used only in combination with other methods of therapy prescribed by a doctor.

Surgical intervention

If the cause of the pain syndrome threatens the patient's life, he is prescribed an operation. It is resorted to only in extreme cases, for example, if the traditional method of treatment has not worked and there is a risk of paralysis. A discectomy, or implantation of an artificial vertebra, is used.

Disease prevention

Preventing lumbodynia is much easier than treating it. Therefore, experts recommend leading a healthy lifestyle, strengthening your back muscles, walking more in the fresh air and avoiding any injuries. In addition, the following simple recommendations will help protect yourself from back pathologies:

Pay maximum attention to the choice of mattress and pillows. They must be fully age-appropriate, have a fairly hard and even surface.
Exercise more often or do regular exercises in the morning, warm up during breaks at work.
Try to keep your back straight, especially while working at the computer.
Avoid hypothermia in the winter.
Control your weight, eat right.

Almost any factor can provoke a pain syndrome, so you should try to follow preventive measures and regularly undergo a medical examination. This will allow you to detect violations in the early stages and undergo treatment on time.

Lumbodynia is just a signal that something is wrong with the body. Therefore, you should not stop the syndrome with painkillers and ignore the problem. At the first, giving to the lower limbs, you should consult a doctor for a comprehensive treatment. This will protect yourself from complications and severe deformation of the ridge.

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Diagnosis of lumbago. Acute lumbago

Blockade

Causes of lumbalgia

Types of lumbalgia

Prevention of lumbodynia

What is lumbodynia?

Causes

Vertebrogenic lumbodynia

Non-vertebrogenic lumbodynia

Symptoms

Diagnostics

First aid for an attack

Treatment of lumbodynia

Dikul's technique

Medical treatment

Surgical intervention

Massage and self-massage

Treatment with folk methods

Prevention and prognosis

Causes of lumbalgia

Symptoms

Diagnostics

Treatment

Dikul's technique

Medical treatment

Operation

Treatment with folk methods

Comfrey root ointment

Poultices from cinquefoil

Lubmalgia during pregnancy

What is a disease?

Reasons for the appearance

Classification

Symptoms

How is lumbalgia diagnosed?

Features of treatment

Pain management with modern drugs

Exercise therapy to strengthen the muscular frame

Physiotherapy and massage

Folk remedies

Surgical intervention

Disease prevention

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