What foods can not be eaten with inflammation of the joints. Proper nutrition in the fight against the development of arthritis of the joints

The ankle joint includes: small and large tibia, lateral malleolus and talus. The tip of the tibia is the medial malleolus, the tibial arch and malleolus form a "nest" into which the body of the talus enters.

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The stability of this design is supported by three ligamentous complexes: the lateral ligaments, the deltoid ligament, and the membrane between the tibia bones (tibiofibular syndesmosis). The lateral anterior and posterior talofibular and calcaneofibular prevent the foot from turning inward (inversion). Deltoid ligament - eversion outward (eversion).

Ankle sprain in 85% of cases is associated with an inward rotation of the foot (inversion injury). Most injuries involve the lateral ligaments; deltoid is rarely damaged; in severe cases, the tibiofibular joint is injured.

The ankle joint consists of 4 bone anatomical structures: the fibula on the back side of the limb, the tibia in front, as well as the ankles - internal (medial) and external (lateral). The arches of the ankles and tibia form an articulation where the talus of the foot enters.

The stability of the joint is provided by the ligamentous apparatus, consisting of the tibiofibular syndesmosis and ligaments - lateral and deltoid. When the foot is turned inward, the damage is called inversion, outward - eversion.

The injury is considered severe when the tibiofibular syndesmosis is torn or ruptured.

The ankle joint is formed by three bones - the tibia and fibula, the talus of the foot. The ligamentous apparatus, consisting of three groups of connecting strands that fix the bones among themselves, ensures the functionality of these joints.

More often than others, the veins that run along the outer ankle are stretched. What causes an ankle sprain, how long does the healing phase take, and what methods can be used to quickly cure an ankle sprain?

The ankle joint is an extremely mobile joint, with a large degree of freedom of movement. At the same time, unlike the equally mobile shoulder joint, the lower leg bears a constant load equal to the weight of our body, and when performing physical exercises, it often exceeds it.

The bones that form the lower leg - the tibia and fibula, are fixedly connected with the help of an interosseous membrane, at the level of the ankle, form a kind of "fork", which includes the talus. That, in turn, is connected to the calcaneus - the largest of the foot skeleton.

Together, these structures hold the ligaments together. Here it is important to draw a line between ligaments and tendons: the former serve to attach bones to each other, the latter to connect muscles to bones. Both ligaments and tendons can be injured, however, the symptoms and consequences will be different, but more on that below.

Bundles

And so, the ankle ligaments are divided into three large groups, in accordance with the relative position relative to the joint.

1. Ligaments located inside the joint, directly holding the bone structures of the lower leg: interosseous ligament; posterior inferior ligament;anterior inferior fibular ligament;cross link.
2. Ligaments that strengthen the outer, or lateral, surface of the joint: anterior talo-fibular ligament; posterior talofibular ligament;calcaneal fibula.
3. Ligaments that strengthen the inner surface of the joint: tibial-navicular; tibial-talar;anterior tibio-talar;posterior tibio-talar.

Tendons and muscles

A little higher, we mentioned such important structures as the tendons that are attached in the ankle joint. It would not be correct to speak of them as separate elements, since the latter are an integral morphofunctional unit of the muscles that serve the foot.

The largest, most important, and most commonly injured tendon in the ankle is the Achilles tendon, which connects the foot to the triceps calf muscle.

Not so noticeable, but nevertheless important structures are also the tendons of the following muscles:

• long peroneal muscle, which is attached to 1-2 metatarsal bones, lowers the medial edge of the foot;
• short peroneal muscle, attached to the 5th metatarsal bone, raises the lateral edge of the foot;
• the tibialis posterior muscle is attached to the sphenoid and navicular bones of the foot and is responsible for turning the lower leg outward.

Of course, this list is not limited to the muscles that provide the entire range of motion in the ankle, however, it is the tendons of these muscles that tend to be most often damaged.

Causes

Ankle sprain is one of the injuries that every person has received throughout their lives and often tried to treat it at home. Injury occurs when the permissible level of strength of the elasticity of the connective tissue is exceeded, at which several fibers are torn.

Ankle ligaments are injured when:

1. Falls.
2. Increased motor activity.
3. Sharp turn of the foot.
4. Wearing uncomfortable shoes.
5. Mechanical injury to the leg.

The causes of stretching are:

• recurring injuries, micro-tears of ligaments and muscles during a fall, sharp turns, twisting of the foot;
• unnatural movement of the joint;
• constant load of undeveloped ligaments by athletes;
• excess body weight;
• connective tissue weakness (both congenital and acquired);
• flat feet;
• inflammatory and arthritic changes in the joint;
• difference in the length of the lower limbs;
• diseases that block nerve conduction and muscles (myasthenia, etc.).

Having considered the anatomical features of the ankle joint, let's move on to the mechanism of injury.

In terms of injury risk for the ankle, CrossFit is one of the first places due to the wide variety of exercises. There are enough reasons for an ankle sprain.

An increased load on the ankle ligaments falls in situations where:

1. the outer edge of the foot is tucked, while almost the entire body weight is distributed here. In this case, the lateral group of ligaments is injured, since it is they that prevent excessive supination of the lower leg;
2. the foot is fixed, the weight of the body is transferred to its anterior section, while the lower leg is bent. In this case, the Achilles tendon is injured;
3. the foot is fixed, the lower leg is extended as much as possible - the anterior talofibular and interperoneal ligaments are injured;
4. the foot is fixed, rotation occurs in the joint, external or internal. Depending on the direction of the applied load, the external or internal ligaments, the Achilles tendon, the tendons of the short and long peroneal muscles suffer, with excessive internal rotation, the tendon of the posterior tibial muscle may be damaged.

In addition to the symptoms described above, a crunch can be heard at the time of injury (in the case of a complete rupture, possibly when the ligament is torn in half).

Another option is a feeling as if something is tearing inside the joint. In any case, you won't be able to lean on your leg - it will be very painful. Try to move your leg in the ankle joint - mark for yourself those movements that bring the greatest discomfort. Those ligaments that prevent the redundancy of this movement are most likely damaged.

Significant deformity of the ankle area also makes it possible to suspect this type of injury. Pay attention to the relative position of the ankles - bony protrusions to the right and left of the ankle joint.

Even with a complete rupture of the ligaments, edema can form only by the end of the first day after the injury.

Regarding tendon injury: if you feel that you cannot physically make any movement in the ankle joint, despite any volitional effort, you can suspect an injury to the tendon of the muscle that is responsible for the corresponding movement.

Common causes of connective tissue damage:

The symptoms of an ankle sprain depend on the extent of the injury.

According to the severity of the clinical picture, there are:

1. Grade 1 - pain is slightly expressed, the stability of the joint is normal, slight swelling, hyperemia (redness) is possible, the skin at the site of injury is warmer than healthy to the touch.
2. Grade 2 - severe pain, swelling, hematoma formation. The stability of the joint is impaired, stepping on the injured limb is painful or almost impossible. An x-ray is needed to make sure there is no damage to the integrity of the bones.
3. Grade 3 - swelling quickly spreads to the surface of the foot and lower leg, sometimes reaching the knee, extensive hemorrhage. An x-ray may show bone damage due to a torn ligament. Sometimes the temperature rises.

What to do with sprain in each case depends on the degree of damage to the joint.

An ankle sprain occurs as a result of applying excessive load to the joint. It is customary to highlight a number of factors that increase the likelihood of the injury in question. These include:

• Excess weight - dramatically increasing the level of stress on the ankle and knee.
• Work associated with regular heavy lifting.
• Sports.
• Uncomfortable shoes, due to which the foot is located at an unnatural angle.
• The presence of congenital structural features of the ankle.
• Joint instability caused by congenital or acquired (trauma) factors.
• Certain infectious diseases and metabolic disorders.

Treatment of an ankle sprain at home can be carried out provided that the severity of the injury is established:

1. The first degree is characterized by the presence of weak damage to the ligaments, in which individual fibers are destroyed. The mobility of the joint remains practically unchanged.
2. The second degree is diagnosed when more collagen fibers are damaged. A swelling appears, the ankle ceases to function properly (its former mobility is lost). If at this moment you begin to stretch the ankle or perform other actions with it, then severe pain occurs.
3. The third degree is characterized by a complete rupture of the ligaments. This is mainly due to a serious fracture of the bone in the leg.

The most common causes that lead to ankle sprains are associated with excessive physical exertion. Patients who are at increased risk of injury are:

• go in for sports, dance, run or walk a lot (especially in relief terrain). In this regard, skiing and cycling, football, weightlifting and athletics are considered the most dangerous types;
• wear shoes with too high heels;
• subject the joints to excessive weight and rotation loads (carrying weights, arching and turning the foot in an unusual, non-physiological way, for example, turning inward or outward).

A strong blow to the foot also often leads to damage to the connective tissue. Allocate factors that increase the susceptibility to injury in this part of the body. These include:

• abnormal development of the musculoskeletal system;
• flat feet or clubfoot;
• playing sports at a professional level;
• connective tissue pathology;
• arthrosis occurring in the joints of the lower extremities;
• increased body weight;
• injuries of ligaments and joints received in the past.

When the ankle sprains, characteristic symptoms appear. The level of manifestation of characteristic signs depends on the extent of damage. In medical practice, there are three degrees of functional disorders of the ligamentous apparatus:

• 1 degree. A slight tear of the tendon tissue, the fibers are damaged at the microscopic level. The limb remains mobile, the pain sensations are weak, when examining the patient, the traumatologist freely palpates. The patient independently leans on the leg, reducing the load time and transferring it to a healthy limb;
• 2 degree. The number of damaged tendon fibers is increased, pain is pronounced, palpation causes difficulties, the patient hardly leans on the injured limb, remaining in this position for a minimum period of time. This degree of damage leads to disability for 5-7 days;
• 3 degree. Complete rupture of one or more tendons. Signs of pathology are similar to those of a bone fracture (edema, discoloration of tissues caused by subcutaneous hemorrhage, severe pain, post-traumatic inflammation, impaired functionality of the foot).

Due to the similarity of symptoms in a sprained tendon and an ankle fracture, it is not recommended to make a diagnosis on your own. An experienced traumatologist will be able to qualify the pathology after a visual examination and additional studies (radiography, MRI in difficult cases when the issue of the need for surgical intervention is being decided).

After making a diagnosis, the attending physician will tell you how to treat an ankle sprain. Usually, in complex therapy, traditional drugs and folk remedies are used, which are equally effective as medical procedures for restoring the functions of the ankle at home.

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In the first place among the causes of ankle sprains, doctors call the tucking of the leg, when the ankle moves sharply outward, and the heel tucks inward. This situation is familiar to all lovers of high heels.

Partial or complete rupture of the ligaments can occur while running or when walking on uneven terrain, while playing sports.

Stretch classification

When spraining the ankle ligaments, depending on the type of damage, 3 degrees of injury are distinguished, each of which is characterized by its own signs of ankle sprain:

1. 1 degree - the fibers of the ligaments delaminate. In the ankle, at the site of injury, a bump, swelling may appear. The victim limps.
2. Grade 2 - the ankle is swollen, there is a hematoma, the patient experiences severe pain, walks with difficulty.
3. Symptoms of an ankle sprain of the 3rd degree indicate a complete rupture of the ligaments. The injury is accompanied by severe edema with extensive hemorrhage and hemarthrosis or fever. A strong pain syndrome does not allow you to stand on your foot or take a step, but the foot is unnaturally mobile.

Symptoms of an ankle sprain

Symptoms of an ankle sprain may indicate that the muscles have been stretched or torn:

• severe pain in the joint area, which prevents the foot from moving in full;
• swelling in the joint;
• bruises formed over him.

X-rays of the joint will show if the joint has dislocations or broken bones. About whether the ligaments and muscles are stretched or torn, experts judge from the patient's complaints and visual examination and assessment of the range of motion.

But this does not mean that if symptoms occur, you should not consult a doctor and take an x-ray of the joint. Sometimes the fracture is so small that it cannot be detected in any way other than x-rays. And the tactics of treating fractures are significantly different from the tactics of ankle sprains.

Ankle sprain, the symptoms are as follows:

• pain arose immediately after sprain, intensified by night;
• when the muscles are stretched, the edema increases within three days;
• movements in the area of ​​the ankle ligaments become gradually more limited due to swelling and pain;
• palpation of the joint causes pain, while the most painful area is the fossa, which is the site of rupture of the maximum number of ligament fibers and indicates an ankle sprain.

If during the injury a click or crunch was heard, and then it became impossible to move the foot, this indicates a fracture accompanied by a sprain of the ligament.

The presence of signs of damage depends on the severity of the injury and whether the patient had similar injuries before.

The main signs of an ankle sprain are:

• the victim experiences acute pain in the distal limb;
• tissue swells locally;
• a hematoma is formed in the tendon area;
• joint mobility is limited.

The symptoms of an ankle sprain depend on the severity of the injury. Stretch rates are divided into 3 categories:

1. At grade 1, a slight tear of the bundle of striated muscle fibers occurs. Symptoms are mild, the articulation of the bones of the lower leg with the foot practically does not lose mobility, and the patient can even step on the injured leg.
2. At degree 2, the number of torn fibers increases. Symptoms become more pronounced. The patient experiences a severe pain syndrome, as with a fracture of the tubular bone of the lower leg. The patient with great difficulty can step on the injured limb. Normal mobility is restored within a week.
3. At grade 3, one or more ligaments are completely torn off. The clinical picture strongly resembles a fracture of the bones of the ankle joint. The patient experiences severe pain, and the foot completely ceases to perform its functions.

When the ligaments are torn off with looseness of the joint, the injured area swells strongly and the elasticity of the ligaments is lost.

The first and main symptom characteristic of an ankle sprain is pain. Pain occurs immediately after injury to the limb or within 1-2 hours. It is important to note that the pain that occurs the next day indicates a dislocation.

In addition, the presence of stretching is “reported” by such signs as:

• the appearance of swelling in the affected area;
• decreased activity of the ankle;
• skin redness;
• in rare cases, body temperature rises;
• the formation of hematomas due to internal bleeding;
• weakening or complete disappearance of pain when the limb is in a stationary position.

The last sign allows you to exclude the presence of a fracture.

Partial delamination of individual fibers. Immediately at the time of injury, a feeling of slight pain, the appearance of a slight swelling. Motor activity is maintained in full for some time. The progression of pathological changes is clearly visible in a day. An injured ligament involves nearby blood vessels in the process. Their damage leads to hemorrhage into the subcutaneous tissue, the formation of a hematoma, and an increase in swelling.

The rupture of the ligament fibers affects the synovial capsule of the ankle joint. The injury is accompanied by severe pain. Growing swelling affects the nerve receptors, increasing pain. In the affected area, the temperature rises, hyperemia is observed.

During an injury, the victim may hear a characteristic crackling or crackling sound. Intense pain that occurred at the time of injury does not go away within a few hours. Puffiness spreads over the entire area of ​​​​the foot and on the lower leg. With such an injury, it is impossible to use the leg as a support. A person has the impression of a broken bone, but when sprained, the ankle is not deformed. Joint instability is manifested - abnormal mobility and extensive hemorrhages.

Restoration of damaged ligaments contributes to the formation of knots in places of sprain or rupture. The fibers of soft tissues and nerve endings are involved in the process of scarring. The situation favors the development of chronic degenerative-dystrophic changes in the ankle.

Finding out about a sprain is not difficult because the signs of injury are too obvious. The ankle joint is permeated with a large number of nerve endings and blood vessels, so a symptom that is characteristic of all types of sprains is pain, the strength and time of occurrence of which depends on the severity of the rupture, it is difficult to make any movements with the foot.

Ankle sprains are classified into three types.

1. Stretching of the first degree of severity. Minor injuries (fiber tear, foot injury). A slight pulling pain is characteristic, which is not necessarily accompanied by swelling. Treatment consists in providing rest and in the subsequent sparing mode of movement of the injured ankle.
2. Stretching of the second degree. The damage is more significant. It is characterized by severe pain, the sensitivity and severity of which increases with any movement of the leg. May be accompanied by edema and hematoma. Treatment consists in ensuring complete rest of the ankle for several days.
3. Stretching of the third degree. The ligaments were severely injured, up to a rupture. It is characterized by sudden severe pain, pain shock with loss of consciousness is not excluded. It is impossible to step on the foot, the joint is unstable. If the sprain or rupture is accompanied by a fracture in the ankle area, extensive hematoma and swelling are possible, the foot may take an unnatural position. First aid must be provided immediately. Before the arrival of the ambulance, it is necessary to ensure complete immobility of the injured leg, if necessary, fixing it with a splint. Make sure that the blood circulation in the ankle is not disturbed. To avoid further swelling of the limb and an increase in the hematoma area, put the foot on a hill and apply a cold object. The cold will partially relieve the pain. Treatment is complete fixation of the injured ankle with an orthosis for a long time, relief of pain, removal of blood from the joint if necessary, prevention of re-swelling. During the treatment period, try not to put a load on the leg, do not make any foot movements and do not move your toes.

Before deciding what to do with an ankle sprain, you need to make sure that this particular pathology is present. Many ankle injuries have similar symptoms, but a sprain can be identified by characteristic signs.

Such an injury is necessarily preceded by inaccurate or unnatural movement of the foot, followed by quite severe pain. In addition, there is:

• joint swelling;
• movement problems;
• dullness of the ankle;
• instability;
• local hyperemia.

The presence of signs of damage depends on both the severity of the injury and whether the patient has had similar injuries before.

Symptoms of sprains immediately after injury may be relieved and fully manifested after a few hours - it depends on the degree of damage.

• pain,
• edema,
• hemorrhage (hematoma),
• limitation of joint mobility
• visual change in the position of the ankle.

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First aid

What to do with an ankle sprain? If damage occurs, then first aid for ankle sprains should be provided immediately and competently. After all, it depends on how long the injury heals.

So, what to do with an ankle sprain:

• you must immediately remove shoes or socks so that they do not exert pressure;
• with these injuries, the injured joint requires complete rest.

If your ankle sprain happened on the street, it is advisable to ask passers-by to help. Don't walk home on your own and wait for everything to go away. You need to call an ambulance. Before the arrival of the medical team, it is necessary to apply a fixing bandage.

With the help of a home-made or ready-made splint or an elastic bandage, the joint is immobilized. If the pain is unbearable, then it is better to use a plank to fix the foot - it is much easier to bandage it to the lower leg.

With moderate pain, a tight bandage can be dispensed with. It should be applied crosswise, capturing the heel and part of the lower leg. If the fingers turn white or become numb, then the leg is too tight.

Further, in order to stop the pain and prevent the development of edema, cold should be applied to the damaged area. It can be ice, a water bottle, or a wet rag. But such compresses should not be abused, you can freeze soft tissues.

It is desirable to give the injured limb an elevated position. To do this, you can put a homemade roller under it.

To eliminate acute pain, an analgesic is allowed.

Treatment with folk remedies involves the use of compresses and lotions that activate regeneration processes, prevent the development of inflammation, relieve swelling, and eliminate pain. Popular and effective recipes:

Everyone should know what to do with an ankle sprain, since no one is immune from such an injury. First aid for sprains involves the following steps:

1. To reduce swelling, it is recommended to put some object under the lower leg so that the foot is elevated.
2. To stop bleeding and slow down the development of the inflammatory process, it is recommended to apply ice or some kind of cold object to the injured limb.
3. Secure the ankle with a figure-eight bandage. For these purposes, an elastic bandage is used, wrapping it around the foot and lower leg, but not too tight so as not to impede blood circulation.
4. Take a pain reliever. Well suited for these purposes are oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - Dicloberl, Ketanov, Dexalgin.

Of course, this is exactly the situation when medical assistance is needed. Therefore, after providing first aid, the patient must be taken to the emergency room or invite the doctor to the house so that the victim is given the necessary recommendations for a full recovery.

An ankle sprain of any degree requires immediate attention. Ligaments after stretching and especially rupture lose their strength for a long time. The recovery period can be long. Timely measures taken will prevent additional damage to the structures of the ligamentous tissue, and nearby muscles.

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What needs to be done first?

1. Remove the injured leg from the shoes, remove the socks. Make sure that the skin is intact, there is no fracture.
2. Immobilize the leg and put on a hill.
3. If necessary, apply a fixing bandage to the ankle and make sure that it does not interfere with blood flow.
4. Cool the injured area of ​​the leg. Suitable for this: a towel moistened with cold water, ice. Never put ice directly on the skin to avoid tissue necrosis due to frostbite. Every 20 minutes, alternate between cooling and taking a break.
5. If there is severe pain, take anesthetic.
6. If the skin is damaged, treat with an antiseptic.

Regardless of what you find on self-diagnosis, if you have an ankle injury and are experiencing any of the above symptoms, you should do the following:

1. If possible, get to the emergency room, or at least to the house, without stepping on the injured leg.
2. Fix the foot in the most immobile position. To do this, you can use an elastic bandage or an orthosis. As a last resort, a high boot with a rigid ankle support will do until you get an elastic bandage. You need to bandage the joint with a figure eight. The first round of the bandage is applied over the ankle area, the second round around the foot, the third round along the first, the fourth round along the second, each time we alternate the place of transition of the previous round, now from the side of the medial ankle, then from the side of the lateral. The bandage should tightly tighten the joint, limiting its mobility and preventing the formation of swelling when you walk.
3. Apply a cold compress to the injury site. Ideally, an ice compress. It can be a heating pad with ice, frozen berries, a frozen piece of meat, and even ordinary snow in winter. You need to apply such a compress to the place of greatest swelling for 20-30 minutes, nothing more. After you need to take a break (about 20 minutes) and repeat the procedure. Ethyl chloride can be used instead of ice. It creates a cooling effect, evaporating from the place where it was applied. In the arsenal of sports medicine, there are also special coolant bags. They can also come in handy, but their "life" is too short.
4. Place your foot on a raised platform so that the shin area is located above the hip joint area. This will improve venous outflow and slightly reduce arterial inflow. Thus, the swelling will subside a little, which means that the pain will also slightly decrease. Remember, to a greater extent, it is edema that provokes pain due to purely mechanical pressure on the tissues from the inside. The pressure impairs the outflow of venous blood and this, in turn, further increases the edema, completing a vicious circle.
5. Do not hesitate to visit the traumatologist to conduct an X-ray examination. This is a very important point! It is important to exclude or confirm the presence of an ankle fracture. Depending on what the picture shows, the treatment tactics will entirely depend. Either you go home and follow the doctor's recommendations, or you go to a specialized hospital, with all the ensuing consequences. In this situation, there is no need to be afraid of the hospital: improperly fused ankle bones can create significant problems for you in the future: difficulty walking with the formation of chronic lameness; lymphotsaz; thrombosis of the veins of the lower limb; chronic pain syndrome, etc.

Trust me: if you have received this injury, the consequences will not be long in coming. You will immediately feel a sharp piercing pain in the outer side of the foot at the base (where the "bone" sticks out). Usually the ankle is tucked inward.

1. quite tolerable pain (when, for example, you can even smile), no swelling or swelling is insignificant. You have a slight degree of sprain. With proper care for a week, you will be completely cured;
2. the pain is quite strong, it is difficult to step on the leg, the swelling is noticeable. You have an average degree of stretching. It will be better if you can be given some help right away (accompany to the house, apply cold, remove tight shoes). With proper care in three weeks, everything will pass;
3. the pain is very strong, almost unbearable, one cannot step on the limb completely (the leg “falls through”), a huge dark-colored edema, called a hematoma, the shoes do not fit on the leg (it must be removed). In this case, you have a severe degree of sprain. Special care is required, up to hospitalization (the leg will have to be kept in a horizontal position for at least two weeks). Get ready for a semi-recumbent lifestyle. Full recovery will come only in a month and a half. At the same time, you will have to check in the emergency room: is there a fracture. Because in this case, it may well take place.

Proper action in case of injury will help shorten the recovery period and increase the chances of recovery. If possible, first aid should be provided immediately.

Lay, seat the victim, providing the ankle with an elevated position.

Place an ice compress on the damaged area, hold for 15 - 30 minutes.

Fix the foot and lower leg with a special medical bandage or cloth bandage, avoiding strong pressure.

In case of abnormal mobility of the joint, put a splint on the foot and lower leg. For immobilization, any improvised means are suitable.

Stop the pain syndrome with the help of drugs that have an analgesic effect.

In case of stretching and rupture of ligamentous fibers, it is strictly not allowed:

• The duration of therapeutic measures for sprains of the 2nd degree is 20-25 days. After the expiration of the rehabilitation period, a gradual activation of the life rhythm is recommended.

  Treatment of severe sprains takes 1 to 2 months. Depending on how long the damaged ligamentous apparatus heals. The full recovery period lasts up to six months.

  

  To reduce the load on the ankle and prevent re-stretching or tearing of weakened ligaments, fixing bandages and orthopedic shoes will help. Athletes are shown wearing special calipers.

  The recovery period depends on the degree of damage to the tissues of the ligaments and nearby muscles, the age of the victim, and the thoroughness of following all the doctor's instructions. With a mild degree of sprain, recovery lasts an average of 5-7 days, with a more severe one, it will take at least a month to heal.

  During this period, the load on the ligaments should be minimal, only if necessary. Until complete recovery, avoid re-stretching, so you should wear shoes with a hard back or a splint.

  It should be borne in mind that painkillers have side effects and have a negative effect on hematopoiesis, so they should be taken only if there is pain.

  Diagnostics

  Treatment for an ankle sprain begins with a diagnosis. Before treating an ankle sprain, the doctor prescribes a series of studies.

  1. X-ray is one of the main methods for detecting a fracture or sprain. It is a mandatory study for these injuries and is performed both in direct and lateral projection.
  2. Ultrasound is an additional study and can be prescribed for both edema and hemarthrosis. Also, using this method, an experienced diagnostician can detect a torn ligament.
  3. MRI is used only in severe cases to determine the measures of surgical intervention. This method shows the joint in more advantageous projections. MRI is the "gold standard" in the diagnosis of a combination of ligament rupture, syndesmosis and bone elements.

  After the patient has been diagnosed, the doctor, based on the symptoms, and the treatment is effective, and explains to the victim how to cure an ankle sprain, how long the therapy lasts and what kind of recovery may be needed.

  Prevention

  To avoid injury for the first time or again, you must follow these simple recommendations:

  • for special loads, use an ankle brace;
  • before and after training, be sure to include elements of stretching;
  • strengthen the main pronators and abductors of the foot;
  • put special heel inserts into shoes that protect against traumatic displacement of the ankle.

  In addition, it is extremely important not to ignore the ankle sprain and deal with it in time to avoid serious complications in the future.

  Proper footwear

  The risks of ankle sprains will be significantly lower if you choose the right shoes. It must meet the following criteria:

  • the back of the shoe, above the heel, covering the back of the heel, must be firm;
  • wide toe that does not pinch the fingers;
  • partially or completely rigid inner part of the bottom of the shoe, attached to the insole;
  • there must be an insert in the shoe (orthosis);
  • heel from 1.5 to 2 cm.

  In the issue of preventing ankle sprains, regular, conscious training is of great importance, which develops the strength and endurance of the muscles of the distal lower extremities, as well as timely stretching, which allows you to maintain elasticity.

  When the ankle is sprained, how long the injury heals depends largely on whether the pathology was recognized in time and the first aid was provided correctly. And also on whether the victim clearly followed all the recommendations of the specialist in the future.

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  Prevention is to prevent ankle injuries that lead to ankle sprains, and also to avoid recurrence, otherwise it will be difficult to cure completely torn ligaments.

  It contributes to:

  • comfortable, stable everyday shoes;
  • normal body weight;
  • active lifestyle;
  • increased load on the joint during sports should be given only to warm muscles and, if fixing bandage.

  With age, the risk of damage to the ankle increases due to changes in the structure of the musculoskeletal tissue, the presence of age-related joint diseases, and therefore, treatment requires more time. Therefore, it is necessary to take care of the condition of the legs and take care of them, strengthen the ligaments and train the muscles, it is necessary to constantly treat diseases of the joints in time.

  Rehabilitation

  Rehabilitation for a non-severe injury is allowed from the 4th day. This early start prevents joint stiffness and muscle atrophy.

  Exercise therapy for ankle sprains will accelerate the recovery of the ankle ligaments after sprain. Physical gymnastics in this case is therapeutic and should not be difficult. They do it without tension of the ligaments:

  • Good performance is given by flexion-extension of the ankle with a slight weight. And also the rotation of them.
  • Moving around the room, while the toes should be bent, unbent and touched with them.
  • Careful kneading from heel to toe and back.
  • grab the leg of the chair with your toes and pull it towards you.

  Physical education aimed at strengthening the ligamentous apparatus should be performed after about 3 months, depending on the severity of the sprain.

  • Every day, for 6 months, you should walk on your toes for several minutes.
  • Walking on the inside and outside of the foot.
  • Flexion and extension at the joint.
  • Circular rotations.
  • Jogging on sand, small pebbles.
  • Walking on heels.
  • Rope jumping.
  • Fixation of both feet with rubber with an attempt to rotate, flexion and extension, adduction and breeding.
  • Roll the bottle with your feet.
  • Picking up small objects from the floor with the toes.

  Also during the recovery period, patients are prescribed swimming and exercise on a stationary bike.

  Massage

  I start massage for sprains from 2-3 days, if the damage is not complicated. The action of massage promotes the outflow of exudate and resorption of subcutaneous hemorrhages, accelerates the fusion of veins.

  Physiotherapy is prescribed to reduce pain, in combination with exercise therapy and massage. For ankle sprains, physiotherapy includes laser treatment, paraffins, diadynamic therapy and UHF. Magnetotherapy is used to accelerate lymphatic drainage and increase vascular tone.

When the joints become inflamed, and their movement becomes completely impossible or very painful, this may indicate the presence of a disease such as arthritis.

The reasons for the appearance of this disease can be completely different, and depend on its form and etiological factors. Doctors distinguish the following forms of arthritis:

• gouty;
• rheumatoid;
• inflammatory (reactive);
• psoriatic.

A special diet is very important in solving this problem, as it alleviates the general course of the disease.

Diet rules for arthritis

involves stabilizing the response of the immune system, restoring movement and reducing inflammation.

Nutrition selection produced by a specialist and depends on:

• damage level;
• forms of the disease;
• concomitant diseases;
• the nature of manifestations.

Therefore, there is no general diet for arthritis patients. However, experts highlight the principles of compiling a diet, as well as a list of prohibited and permitted foods.

In fact, with arthritis, nutrition corresponds to the general diet option. Caloric content should be in the range from 2170 to 2400 calories per day. The amount of nutrients must correspond to a certain pattern:

• fats - from 70 to 80 g (25-30 g of vegetable fats);
• proteins - from 85 to 90 g (45-50 g of animal protein);
• carbohydrates - from 300 to 330 g (30-40 g of complex sugars).

If you have extra pounds, then doctors advise you to turn to a hypocaloric diet option.

Diet principles:

1. Mode. You need to eat fractionally, up to four to six times a day. In this case, the last meal should be no later than a couple of hours before going to bed. The system of fractional food intake does not burden the gastrointestinal tract and avoids weight gain.
2. Treatment. Food can be baked, boiled, stewed and steamed. Dishes prepared in this way retain vitamins and valuable substances in their composition.
3. food temperature. Optimal performance should vary from 15 to 60 degrees. Slightly heated food is digested faster and easier, does not overload the liver and does not cause irritation of the gastric mucosa.
4. liquid and salt. Excessive salt intake causes its deposits on the surface of the joints. It also adversely affects the urinary system. You need to consume 6-9 g of salt per day. Water should be drunk at least 2 liters per day, as it is responsible for blood circulation, reduces the concentration of harmful and inflammatory substances, and also prevents salt deposits.
5. Body mass. A diet for rheumatism of the joints also allows you to get rid of extra pounds, because the amount of easily digestible carbohydrates and complex sugars is minimized in the diet. The amount of animal protein intake should also be limited. Excess weight increases the load on the musculoskeletal system, which can adversely affect the course of the disease.
6. Alcohol. Alcohol helps to slow down the recovery processes in the diseased joint. It destroys minerals and vitamins, slows down blood circulation in tissue fibers.
7. vitamins. As part of nutritious foods should be as much as possible vitamins D, C, E and A.
8. Consider the allergic reaction of your body to certain foods.

forbidden food

The list of foods that are prohibited for use in arthritis includes foods with nitrogenous compounds and purines.

It is better to exclude spicy and spicy dishes from the diet, as these foods increase the permeability of the vessel walls. In addition, salinity irritates the gastrointestinal tract and impairs the absorption of trace elements and nutrients.

Prohibited products include:

• pastries, pies, pancakes, pancakes and fresh wheat bread;
• fatty poultry and meat;
• canned fish and meat (flavor enhancers, preservatives and other harmful substances and allergens);
• spicy seasonings;
• marinades, smoked meats;
• mayonnaise, fish and meat broths, mushrooms;
• tea and coffee;
• fast food and sausages;
• acidic fruits and vegetables;
• honey, jam, chocolate;
• fats, margarine and lard;
• fatty milk;
• eggs.

Approved Products

Diet in the presence of arthritis involves the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables. These products normalize the alkaline balance of urine, they contain many vitamins, and they also normalize body weight.

You need to eat as many products as possible, which contain fish oil. They reduce the volume of prostaglandins in the body, reduce platelet aggregation, improve blood flow and stabilize cholesterol.

Vitamin D helps to avoid joint degeneration and participates in phosphorus and calcium metabolism. This substance is also necessary for the prevention of osteoporosis. Calcium accelerates the development of cartilage tissue.

Vitamins of group A are characterized by an antioxidant effect, stimulate the development of cartilage and perfectly resist prostaglandins.

Ascorbic acid is responsible for the production of collagen. In addition, this substance has an immunostimulating and anti-inflammatory effect.

Vitamin E is a natural antioxidant that deactivates lipid oxidation products and reduces inflammation.

Allowed products include:

• biscuits, crackers, rye bread or bran pastries (not rich);
• soups from pasta and cereals;
• barley, millet, lentils, rice, beans, oats and buckwheat;
• dill, lettuce and green parsley;
• beets and carrots, zucchini, cucumbers, pumpkin;
• lean poultry meat;
• cod, trout, mackerel, tuna;
• low-fat dairy products;
• kiwi, peaches, citrus fruits, red apples, bananas;
• strawberries, cranberries, cranberries, sea buckthorn, currants, raspberries;
• pumpkin and sunflower seeds, nuts;
• linseed oil;
• fresh fruit and vegetable juices, green tea;
• jelly from joints and bones;
• jelly, jelly.

The diet for rheumatoid arthritis of the joints lasts from 10 days. It allows you to reduce pain and get rid of swelling of the joints. Proper nutrition helps prevent complications. In addition, with the help of such a diet, you can get rid of extra pounds and stabilize your metabolism.

If you do not follow these rules of nutrition, then the disease can worsen and become chronic.

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system are inherent not only in the elderly, but also in patients of a younger age group. , injuries and inflammation of the joints are frequent diagnoses in modern medical records. The treatment of pathologies is complex, including medication, physiotherapy, and even folk methods. Nutrition is also important. A well-chosen diet for arthritis can improve a person's life qualitatively. We will find out what kind of nutrition a patient with this pathology of the musculoskeletal system should have.

Features of the course of rheumatoid arthritis

There are many types of arthritis (,), but the most dangerous, with a complex course, is. The pathology is autoimmune, and it is almost impossible to predict that it may appear in a particular patient.

Why does arthritis occur?

The provoking factors are:

• heredity;
• joint injuries;
• hypothermia and the impact on a person of large vibrations;
• difficult working conditions.

Rheumatoid arthritis can occur in a child after suffering infectious diseases (ARVI, tonsillitis).

When one or more joints become inflamed and swollen, and movements in them become painful or impossible, they speak of a disease such as arthritis.

Symptoms of pathology and stages.

The disease is characterized by acute periods and long-term remission. Often exacerbations of rheumatoid arthritis are observed in spring and autumn. In the acute period, the pathology manifests itself in the form of severe pain, weakness, and an increase in the patient's body temperature. Places of inflammation swell, the skin becomes red.

During the period of remission, a person is almost not bothered by anything, sometimes there are aching pain after significant physical exertion.

What happens to the joints?

In rheumatoid arthritis, the articular surfaces are modified. There is a violation of the development of cartilage and bone tissue. Osteophytes are formed (growths of bone tissue on the articular surfaces). Any joints are involved in the inflammatory process, but at first the pathology affects the hand, ankle, ankles, and feet. Then the hips, knees and spine suffer.

Possible complications.

Complications of arthritis are deformities of the bones of the legs, arms, and spine. As a result, the normal motor activity of a person is disturbed. With untimely or incorrect treatment, the disease is fraught with disability.

Does Diet Help Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Nutrition for arthritis of the joints is subjected to careful selection by product. The diet should not provoke a deterioration in the patient's condition. If the patient is obese or overweight, then body weight must be returned to normal values, according to BMI (body mass index). In this case, diet and nutrition for arthritis help reduce the load on the joints.
Nutrition for arthritis is part of complex therapy. It can remove provoking risk factors for the development of exacerbations. But it should be understood that such a diet should not be short-term, but permanent.

A doctor-chosen diet for arthritis helps minimize the effects of the disease

will help:

• improve the functioning of the intestinal tract, relieve constipation or diarrhea;
• strengthen the cardiovascular system. The use of vegetable fats, fiber and other components strengthens the vascular wall, prevents atrophy and varicose veins of the lower and upper extremities;
• normalize weight. To remove the load on the musculoskeletal system, you need to have a normal body weight. This is especially true for people prone to obesity, elderly patients, women during menopause;
• normalize metabolism. With proper nutrition, a healthy metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats is restored. Reduces the risk of diabetes, kidney disease;
• extend the duration of the remission period.

It is especially important to follow the principles of the diet for polyarthritis, when many joints are involved in the inflammatory process.

The basic rules of the diet for arthritis

Proper and healthy nutrition is the key to your well-being.

But, like every diet, the diet of a person suffering from polyarthritis has its own nuances and rules:

1. It is necessary to introduce a sufficient amount of liquid into the diet. Water is the source of life. The calculation of the daily dose is carried out according to the formula: 30 ml per 1 kg of weight. In this case, a person weighing 80 kg should consume 2.4 liters of fluid per day. This includes not only tea or plain water, but also soups, dairy products. The optimal amount of liquid:

To prevent the development of severe complications and frequent exacerbations, the diet for gouty arthritis should be completely salt-free.

• maintains normal blood flow;
• normalizes the composition of the intraarticular fluid;
• promotes the production of elastin and collagen - important components in skin and cartilage tissues.

1. It is necessary to eat fractionally and often, so as not to overload the digestive tract. Three main meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner) and two or three snacks will be considered normal.
2. Portions should be no more than 250-350 grams.
3. It is necessary to observe the ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
4. The main carbohydrate meal should be in the first half of the day. In the evening, eat more proteins and vegetables.
5. Predominantly cook foods by methods of boiling, stewing, baking. This is how nutrients are stored in food. It is better to replace frying in oil with an air grill or special grill pans, where meat and vegetables are cooked without oil.

It should be understood that dietary nutrition of such a plan should become an integral part of your life. You can not follow a diet 3 days a week or just a month and hope for a good result.

Prohibited Products

• fatty and high-calorie foods;
• foods high in sugar;
• nightshade;
• semi-finished products;
• flour, sweet products.

Products that have a high hypoglycemic index, high-carbohydrate, starchy foods contain a lot of calories. Often, a person does not have time to use them during the day, they are deposited in the form of a fatty layer.

For all types of arthritis, nutritionists strongly recommend eating negative calorie foods.

Norman F. Childers Ph.D. is the founder of the Arthritis Research Foundation. He began studying nightshade crops - tomatoes, eggplants, bell peppers. In the course of scientific work, it was found that these plants and their fruits contain the alkaloid solanine. It is able to cause rheumatoid arthritis, in particular, in remission. The doctor conducted studies of arthritis patients for 20 years and found that when certain foods were excluded from the diet, patients felt better.

List of nightshades prohibited for cooking:

• tomatoes;
• bell pepper;
• potato;
• eggplant;
• artichokes;
• Goji berries;
• sorrel.

Fats of animal origin, low-quality vegetable and trans fats are also excluded from the diet.

• pork
• fatty part of beef;
• pork fat;
• sausage;
• margarine;
• smoked meats (balyk, ham);
• french fries or fried;
• egg yolk.

Salt intake should be significantly limited. Sodium and chlorine in its composition can provoke a hypertensive crisis, thickening of the blood, dehydration, and the production of insoluble crystals.

Particular attention should be paid to the diet for arthritis of the knee and toes

If you do not know exactly what semi-finished products, chips, crackers are made of, then you should not eat them. Manufacturers put a lot of preservatives and harmful components in the raw materials, so give up purchased dumplings, meatballs and pancakes.

Drinks prohibited in rheumatoid arthritis are strong tea, coffee and coffee substitutes. According to the latest data, decaffeinated coffee causes attacks twice as often. Drink green tea and other drinks as needed.

Approved Products

From the allowed products with a diet, you can cook a lot of healthy and tasty dishes. The patient is shown the use of cereals - buckwheat, barley, wheat, rice.

1. The source of protein will be:

• sea ​​and river fish. Preferred fatty varieties rich in Omega 3 and 6 acids. They are very useful for arthritis, as they reduce inflammation, improve blood rheology, the condition of blood vessels and articular surfaces. You can eat carp, hake, notothenia, pollock, pink salmon, sturgeon, salmon, tuna, mackerel. Canned food is allowed, but choose only those where the fish is not in oil, but in its own juice;
• lean meats - rabbit, horse meat, beef, lamb (low-fat parts);
• bird. Chicken, turkey, quail meat is allowed. Goose and duck are allowed only once a week, since this bird contains a large amount of subcutaneous fat;
• chicken or quail eggs.

Diet for arthritis and arthritis

So, a disease that requires a special diet is arthritis. A diet with him can be compiled by a professional nutritionist, or by an arthrologist. After a few weeks, you yourself will learn how to combine foods and eat right.

We offer you a menu for several days so that you understand how to make your diet in the future:

There is no single diet for arthritis, but you can determine the general principles of the diet, as well as recommended and prohibited foods.

Table: Menu for a week for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

day number	Breakfast	Snack	Dinner	Snack	Dinner
1	Oatmeal with milk; Cheese 20 g; Bread.	An Apple; Kefir 250 g.	Hake stewed with vegetables; Buckwheat porridge; Cabbage salad with cucumbers; Rye bread.	Nuts 30 g.	Boiled chicken fillet; Sour cream 15 g; Stew of green vegetables; Whole grain bread.
2	Omelet from two eggs; Bread.	Bread; 20 g lightly salted salmon.	Chicken soup; Rice porrige; Chopped chicken breast cutlet.	250 g of ryazhenka; 250 g strawberries.	Chopped chicken breast cutlet; Vegetable ragout; Buckwheat porridge.
3	Buckwheat porridge; Turkey meatballs.	100 g of cottage cheese; 150 g of berries.	Naval macaroni; A fresh vegetable salad.	20 g of cheese; Bread; Butter 10 g.	Chicken soup; Salad of chicken, quail eggs and Chinese cabbage.
4	Lazy dumplings; Sour cream.	30 g dark chocolate; Milk 250 g.	Beef Goulash; Barley porridge; Stewed cabbage.	Bread; Squash caviar 150 g	Boiled pasta; Bits of pollock.
5	Oatmeal; dried fruits 20 g.	Pomegranate or 250 g cherries	Rabbit stewed in sour cream; Wheat porridge.	100 g of cottage cheese; Any fruit.	Ear from pink salmon; Stewed cabbage; Rye bread.
6	Cottage cheese 150 g; Berries 150 g.	Nuts 30 g.	Beef dumplings; Sour cream 20 g; Vegetable salad with carrots.	Bread; Butter - 10 g; Doktorskaya sausage 50 g.	Cod soup; Vinaigrette without potatoes.
7	Fried eggs from 2 eggs; Cheese 20 g.	Oat pancakes 150 g	Fish cutlets; Buckwheat porridge; Cabbage salad.	Ryazhenka 250 g; The fruit.	Zucchini stuffed with chicken; Buckwheat porridge.

Meals should be frequent and fractional, up to 4-6 times a day, the last meal no later than 2 hours before bedtime

In addition, bread is used as needed. It is desirable that it be whole grain or rye. Before going to bed, you can drink fermented milk products up to 250 g.

If you do not like fresh vegetables or fruits, boil them or bake them. In winter, frozen vegetable mixes can be used. Just make sure that they do not contain peppers, tomatoes and potatoes.

On many resources you can find recipes for dishes with arthritis. They are easy to prepare. The whole family can eat this way. It is not necessary to buy expensive ingredients, or cook every day. Salmon and cod are replaced by more budgetary herring, capelin, mackerel.

Make sure your diet is varied and not boring.

What can I substitute for nightshade vegetables?

Potatoes are replaced with cereals, durum wheat pasta. If we are talking about soup or borscht, it is permissible to use crackers and tomato paste.

If you do not know how nightshade crops work for you, exclude them from your diet for 2-3 months. If the period of remission has lasted, you are not tormented by painful sensations, you feel good, maybe you should not use these products at all.

Drinking alcohol for rheumatoid arthritis

Alcohol, like tobacco smoking, is a provoking factor in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Significant use of alcoholic beverages causes periods of exacerbation. That is why, in the presence of this pathology of the musculoskeletal system, the use of alcoholic beverages is not encouraged, and even prohibited.

Alcohol provokes the production of hormones such as dopamine and adrenaline. They aggravate the course of the disease, cause inflammation, swelling, while the outflow from the periarticular sac is disturbed, the limb becomes reddened and swollen.

Conclusion

A diet for arthritis of the knee joint should be followed for life. It contains the principles of proper nutrition, the human diet must be balanced, the only way to achieve stable remission and forget about pain.

In the diet of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, fish, linseed oil and vegetables must be present. Competent selection of components will make your life healthy and happy.

Arthritis refers to a range of joint disorders that can be characterized by inflammation, swelling, and pain. At first glance, it may seem that a diet for arthritis is a useless and unnecessary undertaking, but research by scientists has confirmed the opposite. Proper nutrition can help restore metabolism, avoid complications, and speed up the healing process.

For patients with all types of arthritis, there are a few general recommendations that you should pay attention to.

Foods containing omega-3 fatty acids should definitely be included in the arthritis diet. These substances reduce inflammation, which alleviates the symptoms of arthritis. Most omega-3 fatty acids are found in marine fish, in its fatty varieties, but if it is contraindicated for you, pay attention to linseed oil. It is easier to digest, and also has a therapeutic effect, due to the content of all the same beneficial fatty acids.

With all types of arthritis, strong tea, coffee should be abandoned, and alcohol should be reduced. The diet for arthritis limits, and often eliminates pickles, spicy seasonings and spices altogether. But there are exceptions. Some studies have found the positive effects of turmeric and ginger. However, you should be careful here and exclude allergic reactions.

Although there is no sound scientific data on this subject, some studies have shown that plants of the nightshade family - potatoes, sweet peppers, tomatoes, eggplants - can have a negative effect on the condition of arthritis patients. If you notice a deterioration in well-being after eating these foods, eliminate them from your diet.

The main thing to remember is that the diet for arthritis should be balanced, with sufficient content of vitamins and minerals, preferably low in calories.

Healthy Foods for Arthritis

1. fruits, vegetables, especially orange or yellow, with a high content of vitamin C and antioxidants (bell peppers, citrus fruits, raw potato juice, carrots, beets, cucumbers, onions, apples); salads from fresh vegetables and fruits;

2. berries (lingonberries, cranberries);

3. freshly squeezed juices (for example, apple juice or a mixture of carrot juice, celery juice, tomato and cabbage juice);

4. lactic acid products with a high content of beneficial bacteria and calcium;

5. fish oil, cod liver oil (contain omega-3 fatty acids, which reduce the sensitivity of the joints);

6. certain varieties of fish with unsaturated fatty acids in limited quantities (trout, mackerel, salmon);

7. buckwheat and lentils (contain vegetable protein);

8. dietary meat (chicken, rabbit, turkey, boiled chicken eggs).

Dangerous and harmful foods for arthritis

Should be limited or eliminated from the diet:

• sorrel
• legumes
• spinach
• grilled meat
• sausages
• smoked meats
• offal
• broths
• alcohol
• salt and sugar
• products containing refractory fats and easily digestible carbohydrates
• seasonings and spices (pepper, mustard, horseradish)
• culinary, beef, pork and mutton fats
• canned food
• marinades
• pickles
• spicy snacks
• butter dough
• strong coffee and tea
• ice cream

The main menu for various types of arthritis

The correct diet for arthritis involves the daily use of a large amount of fluid (from 2 to 3 liters). It is necessary to drink green tea, kvass, jelly, rosehip broth and compotes.

Coffee, cocoa, carbonated and alcoholic drinks are excluded from the diet.

The reactive arthritis diet should consist of high-healing foods such as lemon, pumpkin, squash, broccoli, carrots, onions, garlic, and herbs.

The use of pickled and canned foods should be limited to a minimum.

An effective diet for psoriatic arthritis requires strict adherence to all recommendations. The composition of this diet includes buckwheat and oatmeal, rice, fish, boiled chicken, baked vegetables, turkey, rabbit, cottage cheese and low-fat cheeses. It is necessary to limit the consumption of eggplant, legumes and mushrooms.

When following a diet for psoriatic arthritis, it must be taken into account that purines, which are found in lettuce, sorrel, spinach and radishes, are harmful.

Smoked meats, salted fish and offal have a negative effect on the joints. During the period of the diet for rheumatoid arthritis, it is necessary to limit the use of honey, chocolate, lard and puff pastry. High calorie foods should be eaten very rarely.

Ready meals should contain a minimum amount of fat and salt.

General rules

General parameters to follow:

☀ low-calorie diet. Nutrition for arthritis should be balanced so as not to gain extra pounds or “remove” existing ones. Excess weight gives an additional load on the joint, which contributes to the occurrence of relapses in the inflamed joint and subsequently leads to the development of deforming arthrosis;

☀ the right balance of carbohydrates, proteins, trace elements, fats and vitamins;

☀ food should be steamed, boiled or stewed. In fried form, the calorie content of foods doubles almost 2 times;

☀ for arthritis, it is important to focus on those foods that are rich in protein, phosphorus (some varieties of fish, meat, dairy products);

☀ well helps to restore damaged joint tissue dishes from boiled bones (jelly), it can be eaten in unlimited quantities. Aspic and jelly contain natural chondroprotectors, substances that help restore cartilage tissue and prevent the appearance of new changes. But with gout they are contraindicated;

☀ a lot of healthy carbohydrates can be obtained from fruits or vegetables;

☀ it is impossible - an excess of fats of animal origin, a diet for arthritis and arthrosis provides for vegetable fats in the diet;

☀ the diet should be as vitaminized as possible, preference is given to products that contain vitamins A, B, D, C (cabbage, oranges, beans, raisins, lentils, peas, eggs, bananas, whole grain bread, chicken meat);

☀ A lot of vitamins for arthritis can be given to the body by consuming freshly squeezed juices from carrots, beets, berries and fruits. All these products contribute to the removal of salts and toxins from the joints;

☀ In some cases, the diet is combined with curative fasting courses.

Nutrition for gouty arthritis should be balanced so that the diet does not contain dishes containing purine bases ☀ broths, decoctions (fish, meat, vegetables), fish soup, sorrel, mushrooms and cauliflower.

What to drink with arthritis

When following a diet for arthritis, it is extremely useful to drink juices - especially pomegranate, orange and pineapple. Also green tea. Again, thanks to the fact that these drinks contain a large amount of antioxidants.

Scientists advise: if the joints hurt and ache, it is necessary to immediately introduce daily use of pomegranate juice into the diet - with arthritis, it can quickly and effectively relieve the pain symptom in the cartilage tissue. To do this, it is enough to drink only 2-3 tablespoons of undiluted pomegranate juice per day. If the juice in its pure form seems too tart to you, it can be diluted with chilled green tea - the taste will be softer, and the benefits for arthritis will double. In addition, recently, American scientists conducted a study that showed that drinking three or more cups of green tea a day reduces the risk of developing arthritis by at least 60%.

Folk remedies for arthritis

• fresh herb chicory (steam and apply to a sore spot)
• coltsfoot or cabbage (wrap cabbage leaves at night, coltsfoot inflamed joints)
• natural juices of lingonberry, apple, grapefruit (take two teaspoons per glass of pure water) or juice mixtures (carrot, cucumber, beetroot, lettuce, cabbage, spinach)
• celandine (use juice to lubricate affected joints)
• garlic (two to three cloves per day)
• massage with essential oils (five drops of pine oil, three drops of lavender oil, three drops of lemon oil mixed with a tablespoon of olive oil or five drops of lemon oil, four drops of eucalyptus oil, four drops of lavender oil mixed with a tablespoon of grape seed oil)

The diet for arthritis of the joints is part of the therapeutic regimen and complements well. Compliance with the rules and recommendations for catering significantly increases efficiency. Exclusion from the diet of certain dishes helps to quickly relieve pain and inflammation in the joints. Thanks to the diet, it is possible to normalize metabolism, reduce weight and reduce the load on the affected limbs.

Diet Benefits

Proper nutrition for arthritis of the joints provides patients with ample opportunities for the treatment to be successful. With the help of a diet and restriction in the diet of harmful products, you can:

• reduce the formation of salts and slags;
• provide the body with vitamins and minerals;
• conduct a general recovery and cleansing of organs and tissues.

The combination of diet with other methods of treatment will help to quickly relieve pain, reduce swelling and inflammation of arthritic joints. The use of healthy products normalizes the functioning of the nervous and vascular systems of the body.

Nutrition Features

A diet for arthritis helps to develop a doctor. It takes into account the presence of concomitant diseases and individual characteristics. The composition of the diet depends on the degree of manifestation of symptoms and the general condition of the body.

Regardless of the intensity of the manifestation of pathology, there are several general principles of proper nutrition that require compliance with inflammatory processes in the joints:

• low calorie diet;
• nutritional balance;
• low salt and fat content;
• restriction of proteins and carbohydrates;
• using proper food preparation techniques;
• increased intake of natural vitamins;
• increase the amount of water and fresh juices consumed.

Nutrition for arthritis should be not only low-calorie, but also complete. It should contain vitamins, amino acids and trace elements.

You need to eat in small portions. The calorie content of the diet should be 1700-2200 kilocalories per day. In the presence of excess weight, a diet for arthritis of the knee joint should be developed at the rate of 1300-1700 kcal per day.

Cooking food is best steamed or baked with a minimum amount of fat. Eating fried foods with arthritis is prohibited.

A significant share in the diet should be occupied by vegetables, fruits, low-fat dairy products, freshly squeezed juices.

To restore the structure of cartilage and joints, especially when, it is recommended to include jellies and aspics of their beef and bird legs and heads containing natural chondroprotectors as often as possible. The restriction on this dish is provided only in.

Particular attention should be paid to salt and reduce its consumption as much as possible. When developing a diet, it is necessary to increase the amount of foods high in calcium, magnesium, and vitamin C in the diet. This will help the body recover from infection, increase immunity, and ease the symptoms of arthritis.

Limits the intake of sugar, salt, foods high in fat. It is recommended to replace them with mushrooms, apples, cauliflower, carrots.

Do's and Don'ts for Arthritis

Patients with arthritic joints need to know the effect of different food groups on the course of the disease when formulating a diet. What will benefit and speed up recovery, and what will lead to exacerbation and negatively affect the patient's condition. On this basis, all foods can be divided into two groups: harmful and useful. Thinking through the menu of a therapeutic diet, you can rely on the data in the table with this breakdown.

Harmful Products	Benefit Products
Strongly brewed tea and coffee	Decoctions of herbs, berries, juices from fresh fruits and vegetables, compotes, jelly, fruit drinks
Fatty meats	Lean varieties of animal and poultry meat without skin
Chocolate, honey, cakes	Green tea, still water
Fast food (fast food), chips, croutons	Cereals: buckwheat, millet, rice, corn, pearl barley, oatmeal
egg yolks	Beans, lentils
Cod liver	Sunflower and pumpkin seeds
Eggplants, tomatoes, white cabbage, potatoes	Fruits, herbs, vegetables, nuts
Sausages and smoked products	Fatty varieties of sea fish, seafood
Whole milk and high fat dairy products, butter, ice cream	Low-fat dairy products, whey, cottage cheese, low-fat hard cheeses
Flour and confectionery products, premium fresh bread	Bran and whole grain bread, croutons, biscuits
Pickles, spices, hot spices	Turmeric, ginger
Alcoholic and carbonated drinks	Jelly, jelly, aspic dishes with gelatin
canned food	Durum macaroni
Margarine, lard, lamb and beef fat	Olive and linseed oil
Spinach, sorrel, celery	Parsley, dill, lettuce

In accordance with the food table, you can eat at any age, but when preparing meals, children should additionally consider restrictions on:

• spicy, fried, salty;
• saturated broths from meat and mushrooms;
• canned foods;
• margarine and animal fats.

You should also give up fast food during the diet and refrain from sweets and baked goods. It is helpful to drink more fluids. Fruits and vegetables are best consumed fresh or with minimal cooking.

Adults in the treatment of joints should stop drinking drinks containing alcohol.

What must be consumed

There are several most useful groups of products, the presence of which in the diet for arthritis is necessary:

• Fatty fish. Contains healthy omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D. During the acute phase of the disease, it is recommended to completely replace meat with fish.
• Vegetable oil. Suitable for dressing salads, cereals, cooking fish and first courses. Contains a large amount of fatty acids. More benefit from flaxseed and olive.
• Cereals. They contain vitamins and microelements necessary to fight arthritis, help relieve inflammation in the joints, cleanse the body of toxins and salts. For the diet, oatmeal, rice and buckwheat are most useful.
• Nuts and seeds. Rich in selenium and vitamin E. Promote tissue regeneration, neutralize the action of free radicals.
• Fruit. They are a supplier of vitamins and antioxidants, help strengthen muscles and ligaments, restore cartilage. Vitamin C strengthens blood vessels, normalizes immunity.

On a note!

The maximum content of nutrients that help relieve inflammation and restore joint function is found in wild salmon meat, almonds, apples, papaya, pomegranates, black beans, broccoli and kale, ginger. Regular consumption of these products as part of the diet will significantly speed up recovery, enhance the effect of drug therapy.

Sample diet for a week

1 day
1st breakfast	Oatmeal porridge with skim milk, apple jelly
2nd breakfast	handful of almonds
Dinner	Vegetable soup with broccoli, steamed salmon fillet with carrot puree, green tea
afternoon tea	Fruit soufflé, papaya, mint tea
Dinner	Beef leg jelly, kefir
2 day
1st breakfast	Protein omelette, raspberry compote
2nd breakfast	Fresh carrot salad with raisins, ginger tea
Dinner	Pumpkin puree soup, stewed rabbit, rice, currant compote
afternoon tea	Corn flakes with yogurt, banana
Dinner	Oatmeal with fruits, fermented baked milk
3 day
1st breakfast	Curd soufflé, carrot juice
2nd breakfast	Hard cheese, lingonberry tea
Dinner	Soup with seafood, corn porridge with pumpkin, kissel
afternoon tea	Vegetable salad, fruit tea
Dinner	Zucchini fritters, juice
Day 4
1st breakfast	Oatmeal, apricots
2nd breakfast	Beijing cabbage salad with cucumber, fruit jelly
Dinner	Rice soup with turkey breast, steamed tuna with vegetables, cranberry jelly
afternoon tea	Cottage cheese with pear, peach
Dinner	Aspic of fish heads, yogurt
Day 5
1st breakfast	Buckwheat porridge with milk, weak tea
2nd breakfast	Salad of beets and prunes, rosehip broth
Dinner	Turkey breast with green salad, apple and carrot juice
afternoon tea	Hot sandwich with cheese, tea
Dinner	Pumpkin puree, ginger drink
Day 6
1st breakfast	Rabbit soufflé, pomegranate juice
2nd breakfast	Seafood salad, compote
Dinner	Milk soup with dumplings, barley with mushrooms and vegetables, sea buckthorn tea
afternoon tea	Salad with chicken breast and pineapple, berry kissel
Dinner	Curd, papaya
Day 7
1st breakfast	Salad with nuts and beets, cranberry juice
2nd breakfast	Chicken liver in lemon-olive sauce, lime broth
Dinner	Mushroom noodles, baked mackerel with nuts, boiled broccoli, pomegranate juice
afternoon tea	Carrot cutlets, tea with fruit marshmallow
Dinner	Millet porridge with pumpkin, ryazhenka

If it is not possible to refuse the use of bread, then it is necessary to eat no more than one piece of bran or whole grain bread. Food must be chewed thoroughly, do not eat hot and spicy. The last meal should take place at least two hours before bedtime.

You can not interrupt the scheme of proper nutrition during periods of remission of arthritis of the joints.

Conclusion

Compliance with a dietary diet significantly alleviates the patient's condition with arthritis of the joints and promotes a speedy recovery. If it is impossible to draw up a nutrition plan on your own, taking into account all the harmful and useful products, you can use ready-made recommendations.

The effectiveness of the diet is significantly increased with the complex therapy of arthritis.