Garden equipment To the question animals of Sakhalin asked by the author Elizaveta Yan the best answer is
The land animals of Sakhalin are absolutely similar in species terms to the animals living on the mainland. This especially applies to mammals. However, in terms of the number of species, the island fauna is much poorer than on the adjacent part of the mainland.
Mammals of Sakhalin are represented by taiga species: sable, otter, bear, wolverine, squirrel, flying squirrel, mountain hare, lynx, chipmunk, red fox and gray fox. All these animal species are characteristic of the Siberian taiga. There are no elk, deer, roe deer or badger on Sakhalin, but these animals may well be acclimatized here, since they are typical representatives of the fauna of the Siberian taiga and are absent on Sakhalin due to the geographical isolation of the island.
Of the animals of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands, the most valuable ones should be noted:
Sable. Even in ancient times, it was hunted on Sakhalin by the Ainu and Nivkh. Sable was widespread throughout the island. Until 1952, there was none at all on the southern third of the island: the Japanese knocked out the beast. In the northern part of Sakhalin, sable fishing was prohibited until 1940. In 1952, more than 70 sables were released in the south for the purpose of reacclimatization. The animals took root and gave birth to offspring. Now sable is widespread everywhere. A census of this animal was carried out in 1953. , showed that the total number of sable on Sakhalin is about 7000. Relatively recently (in 1948) it was established. that sable is also found on the island of Iturup.
Bear. There is a lot of it on Sakhalin. The fur color is dark. The Hokkaido bear lives on the Kuril Islands, and the Kamchatka bear lives on Paramushir Island.
Fox. On Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands and the island of Moneron, red foxes are numerous, and silver foxes and silver-black foxes are also found. According to conservative estimates, from 2 to 3 thousand gray fox skins can be obtained annually on the Kuril Islands. There are a lot of foxes on Iturup Island, and with planned harvesting, at least 1000 animal skins can be harvested every year.
Blue Arctic fox. Found on the islands of the Kuril chain. About 100 animals live on Yankich Island. Blue Arctic fox recorded on Simushir and Onekotan
River otter. Lives on Sakhalin. Found throughout large and small rivers where there is fish.
White hare. Widely distributed throughout Sakhalin and on the islands of Kunashir and Iturup.
Ermine and weasel. They are found on Sakhalin and the southern islands of the Kuril chain. Their commercial value is small. These animals feed mainly on mouse-like rodents and are therefore useful for agriculture.
Squirrel. Forest inhabitant of all Sakhalin. The share of squirrels in fur harvesting is insignificant. In some places, squirrel serves as food for sable, as a result of which hunters often use squirrels caught during hunting to bait sable. There are no squirrels on the Kuril Islands.
Column itatsi. It is found only in the southern half of Sakhalin Island, where it was brought by the Japanese for the purpose of acclimatization. Its numbers are still insignificant.
Reindeer. On Sakhalin, reindeer are both wild and domestic. Wild ones are found on the northern half of the island. Domestic animals are bred in the East Sakhalin, Poronai and Rybnovsky regions. Reindeer pastures on Sakhalin are small in terms of the presence of reindeer moss (lichens) and in area.
Seals. On Sakhalin there is a unique island called Tyuleniy, famous for its fur seal rookeries. Fur seals are found exclusively in the North Pacific Ocean, and primarily in the Bering Sea. In Russia, they live near the Commander Islands and on Tyuleniy Island near Sakhalin. Every May, first huge cleavers (old males) come here for the summer, then females, and here, at the rookery, the cubs appear. There is an incessant noise all around: the bass voices of old seals, the bleating of young seals, the hubbub of guillemots - there is a large bird market at Tyuleny. In autumn, seals move south, where they stay in the open sea all winter. Tyuleniy Island is part of the Poronaysky Nature Reserve, which is also home to brown bear, reindeer, sable, and otter.

Sakhalin is an island on the eastern coast of Russia, which is washed by the Sea of ​​Okhotsk and the Sea of ​​Japan. There is amazing nature here, a rich world of flora and fauna. Some species of animals and plants are listed in the Red Book; they need to be protected and protected from extinction, but above all - from humans. There are about 36 species of endemic plants on the island, such as crenate holly and wolfberry.

Most of Sakhalin is taiga forest. In addition, there is a zone of tundra and subtropics. The island's topography is predominantly mountainous, although there are lowlands and plains here. A sufficient number of rivers flow here and there are lakes. As for the climate, the island is quite windy and humid at any time of the year. Summer here is cool, the average temperature is +18 degrees Celsius, it often rains and there are fogs. Winter on Sakhalin is harsh, frosty and snowy. The average temperature in January is -20 degrees Celsius.

Since the forests of Sakhalin make up 2/3 of the territory, a light-coniferous taiga has formed here, in which Ayan spruce, Daurian larch, Myra fir, and Sakhalin fir grow. Curly oak, Sakhalin velvet, tree-like yew, and all kinds of vines grow on the island. The higher you go into the mountains, the more the forests change. Stone birches are found on mountain slopes. Meadows have formed in some areas of the land.

In total, there are more than 1,100 species of flora on Sakhalin, they come in a variety of sizes and colors, from miniature flowers to giant trees.

The special climate and flora influenced the formation of the fauna. Here you can find flying squirrels and bears, sables and otters, weasels and stoats, reindeer and lynxes, wolverines and foxes. A huge number of birds live on Sakhalin:

• - cormorants;
• - hatchets;
• - guillemots;
• - seagulls.

There are huge populations of fish in the sea and rivers: chum salmon and herring, saury and pink salmon, flounder and cod. Among the mammals there are seals, sea otters, whales, and fur seals.

The nature of Sakhalin is a unique and multifaceted ecosystem. Many people value it, but a lot of effort must be made to ensure that the flora and fauna are preserved, multiplied and developed. We must fight poaching, reduce pollution, learn how to use natural resources correctly, and think about the future, and not just about the present.

Sakhalin. Photo by V. Shinkarev

In the summer of 1890, A.P. Chekhov visited Sakhalin, then the largest convict colony in Russia. His stay on the island left a deep imprint on the soul of the great writer, and in 1893-95. The world saw one of the most interesting and rich works of Chekhov - “Sakhalin Island”.

Today Sakhalin is one of the most promising and rapidly developing regions of Russia. This is a whole country that has changed radically 120 years after the writer visited it. A country that is of the greatest strategic importance for Russia.

“...You write that Sakhalin is of no use to anyone and is of no interest to anyone. As if this is true?.. Not more than 25-30 years ago, our Russian people, exploring Sakhalin, performed amazing feats for which you can idolize a person, but we don’t need this, we don’t know what kind of people they are, and we just sit within four walls and complain that God created man badly...” (c) - from the letters of A.P. Chekhov, regarding the reasons for his trip to Sakhalin.

The head of Sakhalin, General V.O. Kononovich, warned Chekhov that living on the island, from which “everyone is fleeing: convicts, settlers and officials,” is difficult and boring. And, judging by the work of Anton Pavlovich, it was so. Today the situation has changed radically.

Governor and Chairman of the Government of the Sakhalin Region Alexander Vadimovich Khoroshavin

Address by the Governor of the Sakhalin Region A.V. Khoroshavin to the readers of the magazine “Hunting”

Dear friends!

The Sakhalin region is the only island region of the Russian Federation. The 59 islands represent a huge zoo and botanical garden, where ancient relict plants and giant grasses, Red Book species of animals and valuable game animals coexist. The islands have many stunning natural places untouched by man.

Mosses and subtropical vines, boiling lakes and picturesque spurs of mountain ranges, sometimes erupting volcanoes and deep-sea grottoes, healing hot springs. The Sakhalin region has great opportunities for recreation, travel and, of course, hunting.

A feature of game animal populations in the Sakhalin region is their island isolation. The diversity of natural landscapes and the significant difference in the natural zones of the south and north of Sakhalin Island, as well as the Kuril Islands, significantly affected the species composition of the hunting fauna.

Among the unique places of the Sakhalin region, Moneron Island is a national natural marine park, one of the most unique natural phenomena of the Russian Far East, Tyuleniy Island, a tiny piece of land east of Sakhalin, which is indicated on all maps of the world, although its length is 600 m, and width no more than 90. Here is a unique (one of three in the world) fur seal rookery.

Kunashir Island, which belongs to the Southern Kuril Islands, is a collection of unique natural monuments. For example, Cape Stolbchaty, which is included in the UNESCO register as a natural monument of world significance. The lakes and mountain waterfalls of the Kuril Islands, especially hot springs, are famous for their extraordinary beauty. Here is the kingdom of bird colonies.

The world of marine mammals is also rich - whales, seals, sea lions, fur seals and sea otters. The Sakhalin region is one of the largest fishing areas in Russia. The main fish species are pollock, herring, flounder, pink salmon, chum salmon, saury, cod, navaga, greenling, and halibut. A sufficient amount of spawning grounds and clean fresh water is the key to successful salmon reproduction. The Sakhalin region ranks first in the country in terms of the scale of artificial breeding of this type of fish.

Nature has generously endowed Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands with natural “health resorts”: hot lakes and springs, sandy beaches of the Aniva seaside, mineral waters, rivers and lakes - Sakhalin residents and guests of the island region try to take advantage of all this.

I am sure that having visited Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands at least once, you will appreciate the hospitality of the islanders and the amazing beauty of our nature. You will definitely want to come back here again!

Sakhalin landscape. Photo by V. Shinkarev

salmon

“Well, what can I tell you about Sakhalin?
The weather on the island is normal.
The surf salted my vest
And I live at the very sunrise"

The islands of the Sakhalin region are washed by the Seas of Japan and Okhotsk, and the Pacific Ocean. The islands are separated by straits from the Kamchatka and Khabarovsk territories and Japan and occupy an area of ​​87.1 thousand square meters. km, where 514.5 thousand people live today.

The largest island in Russia, Sakhalin, stretches from north to south for 948 km, remains the most populated. An integral part of the region and, rest assured, an equally integral part of Russia are the Kuril Islands, stretching in a chain for 1,200 km and being one of the few corners of pristine nature untouched by civilization.

The time difference between Moscow and Sakhalin is 7 hours! A non-stop direct flight from the capital to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk lasts about 10 hours. In this case, the plane covers 10,417 km. During this time, the whole of Europe could be flown there and back.

Iturup. Road to Burevestnik airport. Driving on low tide is a common occurrence.

“And he walks along the slopes, along the green grass
A man in love with Sakhalin...

Sakhalin is one of the most beautiful places on Earth. Almost untouched, pristine and unique in its beauty and combination of the subarctic and subtropical world, the nature of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands makes these places attractive to hunters, fishermen and tourists from all over the world. Local residents call Sakhalin “Fish Island”. Rich in fish resources, the island really looks like a fish swimming north across the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. The “head” of the island is located at the latitude of France. And, if not for the icy waters of the Arctic, instead of the frozen tundra, the gardens of the Mediterranean would be here... And the “tail” of the island is washed by warm currents and the water here always has a positive temperature.


mountain landscape in the south of Sakhalin. Nevelsky district

federal highway in the middle part of Sakhalin, near the city of Aleksandrovsk

Sakhalin is a land of contrasts, where the North struggles with the South, thick, dank fogs with hot southern fronts, seals and ice floes swim off the coast of the island, and bamboo is greener on the hills. In the south there are subtropics, in the north there are reindeer, stroganina and permafrost...


One of the most interesting and hard-to-reach attractions of the Sakhalin region is the mysterious island of Moneron

The climate is temperate monsoon with high rainfall. The predominant terrain is mountainous. The surface of the islands is indented by a dense network of small and shallow (with rare exceptions) mountain rivers. In some rivers the black water is oil. Local residents call such rivers “kerosene rivers.” The numerous waterfalls, whose height reaches 140 m, are very beautiful.

A unique feature of the islands are the lakes. Not only is their number no less than 17,000, but in some of the lakes and highly mineralized healing water sources you can swim even in winter, because the water in them is hot! What is not surprising is that there are 160 volcanoes on the islands (reaching a height of 2330 m), 39 of which are active. And the cleanest sea air and more than 20 deposits of medicinal mud (and about 50 sources of mineral water) make the Sakhalin region a huge natural balneological clinic.


one of the many lakes in northern Sakhalin

mountain river in the south of the island

The flora of Sakhalin is rich and extremely diverse. In terms of diversity of tree species, the Sakhalin taiga, which has 1,400 plant species, is one of the richest in the country. Larch and polar birch, spruce and wild grapes, dwarf cedar and velvet trees coexist here in close proximity. Traveling around the islands, you can visit various natural zones in a few hours, get from pristine taiga to subtropical thickets, from mossy tundra to the jungle of giant grasses - the leaves of 2-meter burdocks reach 1.5 m in diameter! The rapidly growing grass vegetation is in some places unusually lush, tall and very dense. It is extremely difficult to get through the bamboo thickets that cover almost all the slopes of the hills without a machete.

Hot springs near the Baransky volcano. The famous film "Sannikov Land" was filmed here.

Fauna of Sakhalin

The fauna of Sakhalin is unusual and diverse. But it is also more vulnerable than the fauna of the mainland. There are 372 species of birds and 90 species of mammals found on Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. Two large reserves - Poronaysky and Kurilsky - contribute to the preservation of plant and animal wealth.

The fauna of the seas is even richer. The waters of the Sea of ​​Japan, Okhotsk and the Pacific Ocean that wash the islands are inhabited by fur seals, the largest pinnipeds - sea lions, seals, and up to 15 species of whales. The sea otter, whose fur is considered the standard of strength, beauty and durability, has chosen a place near the shores of the Kuril ridge.

The seas washing the shores of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands are among the most productive areas of the World Ocean. The biological resources of the region are unique in their quantity and quality and are of not only national but also global significance.

the owner is coming

This is my fishing spot!!! :)

Hunting

Hunting on Sakhalin is a song! The song is about harsh nature, the contrasting world of the weak and the strong. The real, dangerous, camp life of hunters and adventurers, even from polished armchair romantics, quickly knocks out all human rot, quickly nurturing a real hunting character.


victims of the treacherous tide

extreme in Sakhalin style

It’s better not to get off the snowmobile!

Why is a jeep not a tank?

It is difficult for a resident of the European part of Russia to believe that every fourth resident of the Sakhalin region is a fisherman or hunter. But that's exactly how it is!

The most common hunting is for waterfowl and upland game. Hunting for white hare, reindeer, wapiti, sable, otter, mink, squirrel, and fox is common. Of course, the most interesting hunt is for huge brown bears, of which up to 300 individuals are killed annually. Recently, hunting tours have become very popular. Hunters from all over the world go to Sakhalin, incl. and celebrities. The world's largest brown bear was caught by regional Duma deputy Vasily Shadrin on Sakhalin.

Giant bear, world champion according to the Safari Club. Hunted by the famous hunter Vasily Vasilyevich Shadrin in the Aniva region. Sakhalin bears are the beariest bears in the world! :)

Duck hunting on Lake Busse

Bird markets

Fishing

The main seaside resort of the Sakhalin south is Aniva Bay, located at the latitude of Krasnodar and Odessa. In summer, local and visiting vacationers sunbathe and swim here; in winter, smelt are caught here from the ice fast ice. The coastal strip of Aniva Bay is reminiscent of Crimean landscapes - the same gentle sandy beaches, combined with flowering holiday villages.


Winter fishing

South Sakhalin is a paradise for fishermen! Trout, pike, crucian carp, carp, taimen, Sakhalin sturgeon and giant kaluga fill the rivers and lakes. Catfish smelt is especially prized by local fishermen. But the main thing is the Pacific salmon, coming from the ocean to spawn in the shallow rivers of Sakhalin. Sakhalin red caviar is the most delicious!


and all this - on a spinning rod! On Iturup

halibut weighing 72 kg! Caught on Iturup Island using spinning rod

dogfish!

fishing happiness

Char fishing in the north of Sakhalin, September

Red caviar is the pride of Sakhalin! No wonder it is believed that Sakhalin caviar is the most delicious

Maximum attention is paid to the quality of red Sakhalin caviar

Moscow begins with the Kuril Islands!

Despite its remoteness from the European part of Russia, the Sakhalin region is becoming a worldwide popular tourist destination, equally hospitable for tourists, hunters and sophisticated fishermen.

For us, citizens of Russia, this distant outskirts of ours is an open book of the valor of Russian discoverers, all those who mastered and defended these borders without sparing their strength or their lives. And we should not forget that after our victory over Japan in 1945, a peace treaty with this country has not yet been signed and the Japanese have territorial claims against us over the Kuril Islands.

But thanks to the political course of the Russian Government, as well as our fellow citizens inhabiting Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands, we not only have the opportunity to see red caviar and Far Eastern seafood on our table, but also confidently consider “our most distant islands” Russian forever.

Hot springs at the foot of the Baransky volcano. Iturup Island

mud geyser

R. Bochinka
The article was published in the magazine "Hunting", 2010

Animal world

The fauna of the Sakhalin region is very diverse.
More than 80 species of mammals live on Sakhalin. The significant extent of Sakhalin in the meridional direction causes some difference between its northern and southern parts in environmental conditions, and, consequently, in the number and species composition of animals. In the south of the island there are no tundra-like spaces characteristic of the northern part. Therefore, there are no reindeer, partridge, etc., animals common in Northern Sakhalin. On this basis, Sakhalin is divided into two zoogeographical areas - southern Sakhalin and Sakhalin. Their border runs along the Poyasok isthmus. However, due to the predominance of mountainous terrain, the difference between them in environmental conditions is significantly erased as one rises above sea level. The Kuril Islands are part of the European-Siberian and Manchurian subregions of the Palaearctic.
In terms of zoogeography, two districts are distinguished here: the North Kuril, included in the Kamchatka subprovince, and the South Kuril, in the Japanese subprovince. The border of the districts runs along the Ushishir Islands. The mammals of the southern islands are close to those of Hokkaido, and those of the northern ones are close to those of Kamchatka. The theriofauna of the Kuril Islands becomes poorer as it moves toward the center of the ridge. Thus, 18 species are registered on Kunashir, 10 on Iturup, 5 on Urup, 12 on Paramushir, 5-6 on Onekotan, 2 on Kharimkotan. On the middle islands, in addition to the blue fox, American mink, and gray rat introduced by humans , the house mouse, the housekeeper vole and the intermittently occurring bats, there is only one species - the fox.
The Sakhalin taiga is home to valuable fur-bearing animals - otter, squirrel, fox, mink, and ermine. On high wooded ridges you can find sable. bats, sea otters, forest lemmings, sea lions, Mednovsky Arctic fox, lynx, musk deer (currently classified as a declining species), reindeer, common seal, etc.
In addition to mammals, on Sakhalin you can find the viper, Japanese snake (under protection!), gray toad, tree frog, Siberian frog and skink lizard. At night, you can see bats above the water surface. There are also many rodents such as: clawed shrew, pika, field mouse, red-gray vole, rat.

Birds

More than 300 bird species are found on Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. Birds nesting in the region and found on migration are represented by 23 orders: gallinaceae, pigeons, threefingers, cranes, rails, waders, gulls, guillemots, loons, grebes, tubenoses, geese, copepods, wading, raptors, owls, cuckoos, nightjars, hoopoes, rakshi, long-winged, woodpeckers, passerines.
Thousands of birds inhabit the rocky shores of the islands of the region, forming “bird colonies”. There you can find: gulls, common storm petrels, cormorants, mottled guillemots, murres, puffins, as well as the great auk (puffin rhinoceros) - a unique “bazaar” of which is located on Moneron Island. And the largest of the bird colonies is located on Tyuleniy Island!
The population of black crows is very large, and they have infested not only the forests and fields of the region, but also cities and towns. Fortunately, to some extent they are also forest orderlies, eating dead animals, as well as fish that died during spawning.
The expanses of the Sakhalin taiga are inhabited by the Muscovy tit, long-tailed Far Eastern tit, spruce crossbill, nutcracker,
In coniferous-deciduous forests: caucasian cuckoo, nuthatch, small sparrowhawk, tree wagtail, etc.
In the marshes you can find bittern, curlew, heron, mallard, owl and even white-tailed eagle!
The Sakhalin meadows are inhabited by: mute quail, hen harrier, lapwing, dubrovnik, stonechat, yellow wagtail, hawk owl, and buzzard.
There are many larks, sparrows, wagtails in the fields
In the gardens are tits, yellow-backed flycatchers, Japanese starlings, pikas and many other birds.
We ask you to pay special attention to those birds that are includedto the Red Book! These include the Ulit of Okhotsk, White-tailed Eagle, Mandarin Duck, White-billed Loon, Little Tern, Great-legged Owl, Marsh Harrier, Black Stork and many others.
Partridge, hazel grouse, duck, wood grouse, and goose are of commercial importance.

Vegetable world

The elongation of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in the meridional direction creates diverse landscapes with a peculiar combination of boreal, Okhotsk and southern Manchurian flora. Mountainous terrain promotes significant altitudinal differentiation of vegetation cover. All these features determine the diversity of conditions for the development of the plant world that is characteristic of these relatively small islands. The dominant type of vegetation in most of Sakhalin is dark coniferous spruce-fir taiga.
The flora of the region is rich and diverse.
Here, as in a huge botanical garden, larch and polar birch, spruce and wild grapes, dwarf cedar and velvet trees coexist in close proximity. The western coasts of the islands differ sharply from the eastern ones in their richness of flora. Traveling around the islands, you can visit various natural zones in a few hours, get from pristine taiga to subtropical thickets, from mossy tundra to the jungle of giant grasses.
Modern vegetation of Sakhalin belongs to the South Okhotsk type. In the north of Sakhalin, the dominance of the South Okhotsk dark coniferous forests is replaced by the predominance of larch forests of the East Siberian type. In the south, the role of Japanese-Manchurian elements in the composition of the vegetation is increasing. The grass vegetation on Sakhalin, Kunashir, Iturup and some other islands is unusually lush, tall and very dense.
It is extremely difficult to pass through the bamboo thickets that cover almost all the slopes of the hills - one plant is so tightly pressed against another. Raspberry, Kamchatka shelomaynik, and Sakhalin buckwheat reach 3-4 m in height here. The stems of bear angelica are no thinner than young trees. In the north of the island
Shrubby alder, reindeer moss, lichens, and knotty larches with broken crowns grow. In autumn, lingonberries spread here like a red carpet, clinging to the ground, cloudberries and cotton grass grow. In terms of flora composition, northern Sakhalin has much in common with the adjacent mainland of the Tatar Strait, and the northern part of the Kuril Islands is similar to Kamchatka. The flora of the southern parts of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands is close to the flora of northern Japan.
In wetlands on Sakhalin they have a limited distribution and are located along river valleys, lowlands, river and sea terraces. Vast areas of the North Sakhalin Plain and the Tym-Poronai lowland are occupied by oligotrophic peat bogs, where larch forests with wild rosemary and dwarf birch grow. In the meadows grow: angelica, knotweed, string, burnet, yarrow, St. John's wort, fireweed, fluffy-flowered geranium, clover, bluegrass, Daurian lily, iris, carnation, poisonous weed, horsetail, hellebore, etc.
On South You can find vegetation characteristic of the middle regions of the country and even the subtropics: oak, ash, calopanax, aralia, vines, climbing hydrangea, actinidia, lemongrass. There are a variety of wild berries: redberry (klopovka), two types of blueberries, two types of currants, edible honeysuckle, Ainu bird cherry. This group also includes elderberry rowan, the large fruits of which contain 173-176 mg% of ascorbic acid. The fruits of the valley rose hips contain 304-1063 mg%, needle hips - 659-808 mg%, wrinkled rose hips - 354-667 mg% of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). The fruits of local actinidia, one of the most interesting and useful plants, which is widespread in the southern and central parts of Sakhalin, contain 819-1138 mg% of ascorbic acid. Schisandra, aralia and eleutherococcus are the most valuable medicinal plants. Fruit trees such as Kuril cherry, Sakhalin cherry, Maksimovich cherry, due to the inedibility of the fruits, may be of interest as rootstocks for valuable varieties of fruit trees.
On Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands there are many rare plant species that are remnants of ancient flora, such as: eleutherococcus, dimorphant seven-lobed, magnolia, Wright's viburnum, Lady's slipper grandiflora .
Magnolia grows wild in our country only on the island of Kunashir. The yew is striking in its longevity - its lifespan is estimated at two to three, and sometimes four thousand years.
On the southern slopes of the hills you can see bright blue carpets of wild irises, meet thickets of orange lilies or amazing Glen lilies with one and a half meter stems, from which hang beautiful salad-yellowish flowers the size of a glass.
In the flora of Sakhalin, as well as in the flora of the Kuril Islands, according to Professor A.I. Tolmachev, there are about 1,400 different plant species, of which about 700 species are common to the two floras. Many of them are medicinal.
But the main plant wealth of Sakhalin is forest. It occupies over 43 thousand square meters. km, or more than half of the entire territory of the island. In terms of diversity of tree species, the Sakhalin taiga is one of the richest in Russia. There are about 200 species of trees, shrubs and woody vines. The leading position in the composition of woody plants is occupied by sedges and willows, which indicates its boreal features, while the richness of representatives of the families Rosaceae, Ranunculaceae, Liliaceae, Orchids and Ferns is characteristic of eastern temperate Asia. This indicates the originality and inconsistency of the flora, combining boreal features with East Asian ones. There are about 35 endemic plant species on Sakhalin, and about 15 on the Kuril Islands. Most of the endemic plants of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands are related species that grow in neighboring territories in Japan, on the East Asian mainland, as well as within the islands themselves. Many endemic species grow on cliffs, rocky areas of sea terraces and chars (in the mountains). Sakhalin and Kuril endemic species, with few exceptions, are characterized by low occurrence, small numbers and uneven distribution over the territory of these islands - confined to any part of the island (localization). Their role in the formation of vegetation cover is very insignificant.
Most common Spruce-fir forests , consisting of Ayan spruce and Sakhalin fir, Daurian larch. Grows from bushes cedar dwarf. Euonymus large-winged grows in the same way, juniper, Northern Linnea, lily of the valley, Canadian dogwood, Cuckoo flax moss, Moss clubmoss etc. There are large areas occupied by whitebark
In coniferous-deciduous forests grows: Myra fir, mixed rowan, pointed yew, lobed elm, Manchurian ash, maple, curly oak, Sakhalin velvet, alder, oriental sumac, spinous orchis, etc.
High-quality wood from the Sakhalin taiga is suitable for construction, for the needs of paper and wood processing enterprises and other sectors of the national economy.

It currently includes the following subsections:
Sakhalin basket: Mushrooms, Berries, Healthy Herbs.
Animals: Insects, Mammals, Fish, Shellfish.

Presentation by Olga Argudyaeva

The white hare is also found in the taiga.

Why is the hare called oblique? Yes, because his eyes are not in the center of his muzzle, but on the sides, and the bunny can see what is happening on the side and even behind him. No predator will sneak up!

Hares have very sharp teeth; they easily gnaw bark and tree branches.

Wolverine is a predator. Looks like a small, shaggy bear. This is a very strong and dexterous animal. It feeds on rodents, bird eggs, chicks, and berries. Wolverine is a brave animal; if it falls into a hunter’s trap, it can bite off its own paw and run away. The paw heals quickly, as the saliva of this animal is healing.

Wolverine is considered the orderly of the forest, as it eats dead animals.

The bear is predatory, dexterous and cunning. Can kill any animal. He loves to eat fish that he catches in the river himself. Loves to eat honey and berries. All summer it accumulates fat, and in winter it goes to sleep in its den.

The word “bear” comes from the Old Russian “honey to know”, that is, “one who knows where the honey is.”

On Sakhalin there is a unique island called Tyuleniy, famous for its fur seal rookeries. The island is part of the Poronaisky Nature Reserve.

The sea otter is a very rare, valuable fur-bearing animal. Back in the middle of the 19th century, throughout the Kuril ridge and off the coast of Sakhalin, it was mined in large quantities. Sea otter skin differs from other furs in its strength, tenderness, silkiness and extraordinary beauty. Sea otters reproduce very slowly. The female brings only one cub. The sea otter feeds on fish, mollusks, sea urchins, and crustaceans.

The bird fauna on Sakhalin is very diverse: SWANS, GEESE, DUCKS, guillemots, puffins, DIPPER, RAVEN, SEAGULL, grouse, hazel grouse...

Birds of prey: HAWK, EAGLE-OWL, FISH-OWL (a rare bird, feeds only on fish).

The fauna of our islands is not only diverse, but also very vulnerable. WE NEED TO PROTECT OUR UNIQUE NATURE!!!