What types of fire trunks are there? Manual and fire monitors: purpose and classification, principle of operation

Manual and monitor fire nozzles (SP) are removable parts with nozzles, nozzles, casings, fastenings, control elements at the ends of fire pressure (working) lines and hoses.

Standards:

1. GOSTs:

Purpose of trunks

SP is the end of a pressure line with the following functions:

1. creating the required jet format;
2. giving direction to the fire extinguishing agent (FMA);
3. convenient fixation in hands, on technical means;
4. supply and flow control.

Fire hoses are equipped with:

1. fire engines, pump-hose vehicles, tank trucks;
2. fixed and mobile fire extinguishing installations;
3. sleeves on PCs, risers, ;
4. special automatic/autonomous extinguishing systems.

Types of fire extinguishing nozzles

There are various fire extinguishing equipment. Several types of fire hoses have been developed for different specifications:

Separation factor
	high pressure barrels (2 – 3 MPa, SRVDK-2-400-60); normal (0.4 – 06, up to 2 mPa), with diameter (DN): 19, 25, 38, 50, 70 mm.
Feed intermittently	with the possibility of closing/opening on the body itself; non-overlapping.
Functions and type of OTV	water, forming a jet: compact solid; sprayed; curtains (torches, protective); foam (low, medium, high expansion); volume of possibilities, jet: only solid universal – compact, sprayed outlet, curtains, combinations; combined - for foam and water.
Application area	fire engines, pumps, motor pumps; internal, external PCs.
Climatic performance	Software for different zones.

Device:

1. body with nozzle:
   • aluminum;
   • cast iron (less often);
   • plastic;
   • elements made of steel (typical for monitors);
2. end for a tie or sleeve (GR) made of Al, brass, plastic:
   • coupling;
   • pin;
   • transitional;
   • stub;
   • suction;
3. inside:
   • sedative;
   • tangential channels leading to the nozzle;
4. decor:
   • shoulder strap;
   • braid;
   • lever;
5. a unit with a lever and a plug valve, if there is an open/close function;
6. for combined and foam ones - a casing, a foam generator;
7. fire monitors:
   • removable carriage, tripod;
   • pressure pipe;
   • receiving body with a hinged valve for connecting hoses without stopping work;
   • locking device on the rotating unit;
   • for control: rotary tee, long T-shaped handle, lever, holders;
   • inside there is a 4-blade damper.

Hand barrels

Standard models of hand barrels:

1. RS-50, RS-50P, RS-70 – for a continuous stream, replaceable;
2. RS-50.01, RS-70.01 – non-replaceable;
3. RSP-50, RSP-70, RSK-50 – overlapped. Allows you to create a torch-shaped outlet and use foam nozzles;
4. RSKZ-70 – multifunctional, simulating supply intensity, works with any substances, for water supply systems;
5. SVPE, SVPR – foam;
6. improved modern barrels Protek, SelectFlow, ProJet.

Fire monitors

Fire monitors are long adjustable fire hoses fixed to surfaces or equipment (LSD-S-40U, PPS-20P) with a complicated design with rotation. Example: model with a two-arm branching near the carriage.

Varieties:

1. portable (P);
2. remote (D) – machines must have a remote control system;
3. stationary (C) – mounted on transport, on towers. Connect to or fire truck pumps;
4. transportable (B) with a large rotation angle, mounted on a trailer.

Fire extinguishing nozzles A and B: what are they?

Manual SPs are divided by their ability to serve in breaks. In the CIS they are designated by the letters:

Classification of trunks by OTV type

Fire nozzles are designed for water or foam, less often for powder or gas. Some samples work with two types of extinguishing composition simultaneously, using special attachments.

Mermen

Fire nozzles under water do not have special nozzles for creating foam and its calibration (generators). Jets of different parameters are formed - sprayed, solid, curtains.

Foam

Air-foam fire nozzles (SVPE, SVP) create high, medium, low expansion air force:

1. The special chemical comes from the backpack container immediately before release.
2. Air and composition are ejected (absorbed) by a system of holes in the nozzle - bubbles are created, which are calibrated by meshes.

Features of the nozzle:

1. ejecting casing;
2. 3 cameras:
   • reception;
   • vacuum with nipple (16 mm) for the foam concentrate suction hose;
   • day off.

Principle of operation:

1. The foaming agent enters the receiving part.
2. A vacuum is created in the vacuum segment, sucking air through 8 holes in the casing.
3. The air mixes with the substance, forming a VMF at the outlet.

Mechanism of foam formation:

1. The mixture is supplied by a sleeve to the sprayer.
2. Individual drops are formed.
3. The conglomerate moves towards the calibration grid, sucking in and mixing with air.
4. Bubbles appear.
5. The mass is pushed out of the nozzle by the energy of new drops.

In SVP, packages of calibration mesh are important - they need to be regularly inspected and cleaned, as the cells become clogged.

Universal

Multifunctional fire extinguishing nozzles (RSK-50, RSP-50,70, RSKZ-70) for water allow the tap handle to control the outlet, creating a continuous flow, spraying, protective curtains (120°). In addition to the lever, the process is influenced by various removable attachments.

Example of work:

1. The liquid enters the tangential channels.
2. Next - into the central nozzle.
3. It comes out in a swirling stream.
4. OTV is sprayed under centrifugal force, creating a torch-shaped canopy with a certain opening angle (standard 60°).

Combined

Combined fire nozzles (ORT-50) are multifunctional, they work with both foam and water. As a rule, they have a vertical handle-holder. Combined type barrels are equipped with a variety of removable couplings, casings, and generators to suit the desired release parameter. Allows you to create all types of jets, high frequency multiplicity.

Performance characteristics of fire extinguishing barrels

When evaluating a product, they analyze:

1. consumption;
2. range (simple and effective);
3. irrigation intensity;
4. angle, flame diameter;
5. foam ratio;
6. parameters of the device itself (weight, length, diameter).

Standard models are presented in the table:

Barrel type	Water consumption, l/s	Jet range (compact), m	Spray diameter, mm	Barrel length, mm	Weight, kg

Extinguishing depth

The extinguishing depth is the maximum distance of extinguishing agent supply from the nozzle while maintaining efficiency. This parameter is important for water trunks. Only about a third of the length of the compact release is effective.

Treatment depth (h) is the main value when calculating the extinguishing area. When extinguishing fires with manual fire nozzles ht = 5 m, fire monitors - 10 m.

Water consumption

The number of fire fighters and personnel at the fire depends on the consumption of fire extinguishing agent. The value affects the calculation of the capabilities of pumping and hose equipment - the pressure drop depends on the amount of water expended through a certain nozzle cross-section.

Using calculations, it is important to determine productivity at different practically significant pressures (0.3 - 0.9 mPa). This is important when replacing devices: for example, at 0.4 mPa, the RS-50 produces 3.6 l/s, KURS-8 – up to 8 l/s. TD has tables of standard values ​​at a certain pressure.

Barrel head, m	Water consumption, l/s, from a barrel with nozzle diameter, mm

Extinguishing area

Often it is impossible to apply firebombing fire to the entire fireplace at once, so they extinguish it from the front, wherever they reach it. The flames are localized in critical directions - then they move on to other sources.

The extinguishing area is the area covered by the effective jet: circular, triangular, rectangular. This parameter is important for tactics and directly depends on the fire extinguishing range. Since the extinguishing depth is 5 and 10 m for manual and fire monitors, the coverage area for them, introduced towards them, will be 10 and 20 m.

Types of barrel attachments

Nozzles with different tip spray diameters increase functionality. Options:

1. for feeding intermittently and non-overlapping;
2. foam, water;
3. powder;
4. cylindrical, conical;
5. turbine, slot;
6. for fire monitors, hand-made products.

Typically, nozzles are used for foam barrel models, since the required OTV consistency requires a special design. The casing has holes, swirlers, and varying degrees of narrowing.

Calculation of the number of trunks to extinguish a fire

The number of technical devices for supplying exhaust air is calculated by special formulas. Before applying the final equation, the quenching parameters are known:

1. square;
2. perimeter;
3. front;
4. flow rate, performance coefficient (nozzle conductivity).

Ultimately, the results are substituted into the final equation:

	Values
For water nozzles: Nst t = St / Sst t; Nstv t = Рт / Fstv t; Nstv t = Qtr / qst.	Sst t and St – area of ​​extinguishing and the fire itself (m²); Рт – perimeter, m; Fstv t – front for st., m; Qtr – required flow rate; qstv – productivity of stv.
Foam generators (surface extinguishing): Ngps = St / Sgps t; St gps = qgps / If.	Sgps t – damping area of ​​the device, m²; Qgps – foam concentrate costs, l/sec.; if – intensity, l/sec-m².
Multiple foam generators (volumetric): Ngps = (Wp * kz) / qgps p * tr	Ngps = (Wp * kz) / qgps p * tr; Wn – m cube of the room; qgps p – productivity, m³/min.; Кз – safety factor (1.5 – 3); tр – estimated time (10 min.).

Rules for working with trunks

Personnel must undergo training. When working with a fire nozzle, you must follow the basic rules:

1. position – at the level of or above the outbreak;
2. hold correctly: with your right hand near the connecting head, with your left hand by the braid, at 0.6 MPa and more you will need a grenade launcher;
3. monitor grounding;
4. apply to visible structures, not through smoke;
5. apply to where the flame is greatest, but also maneuver, limiting the spread of fire;
6. do not leave fire on the path of movement;
7. lay the sleeve in areas that are safe for it;
8. extinguish vertical objects from top to bottom, but in rooms and ventilation ducts, direct fire extinguishing agent primarily to the ceiling or from the side of the greatest extent of voids;
9. first extinguish what may collapse, taking a position, if possible, in the openings;
10. for cracking structures, cool gas cylinders gradually;
11. extinguish glass with a spray jet;
12. Process neighboring objects from above first;
13. it is necessary to lower or close the fire hose when changing;
14. the strongest cooling is created where the foam will be supplied;
15. avoid icing of traffic routes and fire equipment;
16. when extinguishing liquid substances with foam:
    • apply to the fireplace only when a good consistency is achieved and so that the OTV does not burrow into the thickness of the substance;
    • at one point so that the foam spreads, gradually covering the hearth;
17. continuous discharge near open power lines is prohibited;
18. Work at height is carried out according to the following standards:
    • The shoulder belt should not be worn when lifting and extinguishing on high-altitude objects with an unsecured line, before reaching the position;
    • 2 people work with insurance;
    • work on the fire escape - only after attaching the belt carabiner;
19. The extinguishing composition is supplied gradually, gradually increasing the pressure.
20. It is prohibited to leave a fire nozzle unattended at the site of a fire, even if it is closed.

Requirements of technical regulations

According to Art. 129 is the minimum that a fire nozzle must provide:

1. continuous or spray flow;
2. uniformity of OTV along the cone;
3. smooth transition from compact to spray;
4. adjusting the flow rate without interrupting the supply;
5. reliability, tightness of the housing under operating loads;
6. vertical fixation of devices with carriages;
7. control is simultaneously manual and at a distance of monitors by electric and hydraulic drive;
8. foam generators must provide all types of expansion rates.

How barrels are tested

Barrel testing is carried out once a year:

1. inspection;
2. tightness, strength – 2 min. at operating pressure with leakage measurement;
3. checking the movement of components with a dynamometer;
4. interchangeability of parts, closure of heads;
5. integrity, atomization, angle, diameter of the torch, protective curtain (visually);
6. flow rate, jet length;
7. thread, reliability.

During testing, measuring containers, fender boards, stopwatches, and special flow meters and measuring instruments are used.

Designations of fire extinguishing nozzles on diagrams

The need to designate trunks arises when creating diagrams (drawings) of fire extinguishing tactics. A schematic drawing is used:

	Designation
Manual, with nozzle 19, 25 mm.
With fine spray release.
OTV with additives.
Foam expansion rate: low; average
For electrical installations.
Fire monitor: wearable; installed with fixation; controlled.

For fire hoses, general safety signs for equipment are used. The device is always available with fire hydrants, which are designated PC, the sign F02 (hose and valve), less often the image of a “snail” sleeve with SP is used.

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RUSSIAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS MINISTRY

FEDERAL STATE PUBLIC INSTITUTION

"59 DETACHMENT OF THE FEDERAL FIRE SERVICE

IN THE SVERDLOVSK REGION"

ABSTRACT

on the topic: « Purpose, design and principle of operation of manual fire nozzles and fire column»

Developed by Deputy Chief

SPT - duty shift supervisor SPT

59 OFPS for the Sverdlovsk region

Major of Internal Service A.Yu. Kozlov

Head of the 59th FPS detachment

in the Sverdlovsk region

Lieutenant Colonel of the Internal Service R.L. Khafizov

Beloyarsky

Introduction

1. Hand-held fire barrels RS-50, RS-70, KR-B, RS-A, RS-B, RSK-50,

• 2. Fire pump
• Literature
• Introduction
• fire extinguishing fire barrel jet
• Fire nozzles are designed to form and direct a stream of fire extinguishing agent when extinguishing fires.
• Fire nozzles, depending on the type of fire extinguishing agent supplied, are divided into water, powder and air-foam, and depending on the throughput and size - into manual and fire monitors. Monitors, in turn, are divided into portable, transportable and stationary.

Manual air-foam barrels are divided by design into barrels with an injection device and without an injection device.

1. Fireman's hand guns

The RS-50 barrel is designed to form and direct a continuous stream of water when extinguishing fires and is included in the set of portable fire motor pumps, gear mounted pumps and internal fire hydrants.

It consists of a body, at one end of which there is a thread for screwing on a coupling head, which ensures its connection to the pressure hose. The other end of the body, with its cylindrical part, forms a nozzle through which water is thrown out. The barrel has a strap for carrying it. The RS-70 barrel has a similar design, with the exception of threads at the end of the barrel for attaching a replaceable nozzle.

The combined KR-B barrel is used to produce a continuous and atomized jet. The barrel consists of a body, a nozzle, a shut-off and control device, a glass, a connecting head and a portable belt.

Hand-held barrels RS-50 and RS-70 are designed to create a compact water jet. The barrel consists of a cone-shaped body, a nozzle, a coupling head and a carrying belt. These nozzles are mainly used to equip fire trucks, internal fire hydrants, as well as motor pumps and gear pumps.

The air-foam SVP barrel is designed to produce air-mechanical foam. Depending on the method of supplying the aqueous solution of the foaming agent, the barrels are made with or without an ejection device.

The medium expansion foam generator (MCF) is designed to produce air-mechanical foam of medium expansion. There are several standard sizes of such generators: GPS - 200, GPS - 600, GPS - 2000. Their operating principle is the same, they differ from each other only in geometric dimensions and productivity from 200 and 2000 l/s of foam with a multiplicity of 100. To obtain foam they use 4 - 6% solution of foaming agent PO - 1 and equivalent foaming agents.

The portable monitor barrel PLS - P20 is designed to produce a powerful continuous water jet with a flow rate of up to 30 l/s. The barrel consists of a body - a tee with two inlet pipes, which are equipped with check valves, a two-horn branch, a barrel body with a nozzle, and a rotary tee. pivotally connected to the barrel, a control lever and a lock for moving the barrel in a vertical plane. A damper is installed inside the housing. The barrel has three attachments with diameters of 25, 28 and 32 mm. At a pressure at the barrel nozzle of 0.6 MPa (6 kgf/cm2), the water flow rate is 19, 23 and 30 l/s, the flight range of the water jet is 55 mm. The barrel can rotate around a vertical axis by 360 degrees. and move in a vertical plane from 30 to 75 degrees. Assembled weight 32 kg. The main parts of the barrel are made of aluminum alloys.

A modification of this trunk is its stationary version, which is installed on fire tankers, in lumber warehouses, for protection

large-sized technological equipment at oil refining, petrochemical and chemical industries, as well as on river fire boats. An irrigation device is mounted on the body to protect the firefighter from thermal radiation. The barrel is controlled by one firefighter. Nozzle diameter 28 mm. At a pressure of 0.6 MPa (6 kgf/cm2) 23 l/s of water are obtained with a jet flight range of up to 55 m. The productivity of the barrel with a foam nozzle is about 14 m3/min. foam, jet flight range 45 m at a pressure of 0.7 MPa (7 kgf/cm2). The trunk weight is 45 m at a pressure of 0.7 MPa (7 kgf/cm2). Barrel weight no more than 22 kg.

2. Fire pump

The fire stand is used to open and close a fire hydrant, as well as to connect fire hoses when drawing water from the water supply network to extinguish fires.

Main parts fire column KPA- (see Fig. 1) body 1 and head 2. In the lower part of the body 1 of the column there is a bronze ring 6 with a special triangular six-inch thread 3 for installation on a hydrant. On the head of column 2 there are two pressure pipes 16 with coupling connection heads GM-80. The opening and closing of the pipe is carried out by valves, which consist of a cover 12, a spindle 13, a poppet valve 9, a handwheel 10 and a stuffing box seal. In the upper part of the column head 2, a central (socket) key (tubular rod) 5 with a square coupling 4 passes through the oil seal to rotate the hydrant rod. Handle 11 rotates when the valves of the pressure pipes are closed; when the valves are open, handwheels 10 fall into the field of rotation of the handle.

Operating principle fire column KPA:

Fire column KPA is installed on the hydrant so that the square end of the hydrant rod fits into the square coupling of the socket wrench of the column. The KPA fire column is screwed onto the hydrant by rotating its body clockwise (the socket wrench does not turn). After this, the hydrant valve opens (with the column valves closed) by rotating the socket wrench counterclockwise

(the hydrant valve opens completely at 10-14 turns of the socket wrench) and water from the water supply network enters the cavity of the fire column. After connecting the hoses to the nozzles of the fire column, the valves open and water from the fire column enters the hose line.

Literature

1. Textbook “Fire fighting equipment” book 1 Fire-technical equipment V.V. Terebnev, N.I.Ulyanov, V.A. Grachev Moscow, 2007

2. Educational and methodological manual. “Fire fighting equipment and emergency rescue equipment” V.V. Terebnev, Yu.N. Moiseev, V.A. Grachev, V.V. Bulgakov, A.O. Semenov, D.V. Tarakanov Moscow, 2007

Posted on Allbest.ru

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Expand contents

Hello, and again with you, dear readers, online magazine about. In this article we would like to describe the main hand fire nozzles, which are used by emergency services units involved in firefighting. Hand-held fire nozzles are practically the main element when extinguishing a fire, of course after the fire extinguishing agent (water, powder, etc.). The type of fire nozzle (foam fire nozzle or water, powder) will depend on the type of fire extinguishing agent chosen.

Classification

Basically all fire trunks can be classified as follows:

• manual - trunks that, due to their characteristics, can be carried and used by one firefighter;
• portable - trunks that, due to their characteristics, can be carried and used by two or more firefighters;
• stationary - the trunks are mounted on a stationary support, which ensures rotation of the trunk in the horizontal and vertical plane.

More than 90% of fires occur in the residential sector, especially in the autumn-winter period, so hand-held fire nozzles are most often used when extinguishing fires.

The use of manual fire nozzles allows the fireman to quickly change his position on the fire, if necessary, change the geometric parameters of the water jet (from compact to sprayed) or completely shut off the water supply.

Main types

Today, emergency departments (in the CIS) use two types of manual fire nozzles: a closed trunk “B” and a non-closable trunk “A”.

Let's now look at each of these trunks separately...

Shut-off barrel “B” or, according to the factory marking, barrel RSK-50 - is designed to supply a compact and sprayed stream of water in a fire, as well as to block the flow of water.

Most often, this trunk is used in basements and other rooms that are characterized by a small area (especially the height of the room) and a complex geometric shape (with a large number of partitions).

Of course, not only the RSK-50 barrel can be classified as a shut-off barrel; today, manufacturing plants offer a fairly wide range of similar fire barrels, such as RSKZ-70, RSP-70(50), SRK-50 and others.

One of the main features of the RSK-50 barrel, in comparison with “A” barrels, is the ability to change the angle of water spray as much as possible. Of course, we do not take into account the manual overlapping barrels of the new model, which we will consider below.

Performance characteristics of the RSK-50 barrel (barrel B)

Non-overlapping barrel “A” or RS-70, RS-50 – designed to form and direct a compact jet of water to the source of fire.

In essence, the RS-70 barrel is an improved version of the 19th century fire barrel. Due to the plastic lining and nozzle of replaceable diameter, it is convenient to use when extinguishing large production workshops, cinema halls and theaters, tank farms and warehouses for storing solid flammable substances. Due to the high water consumption, which is about 7.4 l/s (with a 19 mm nozzle) - 13.6 l/s (without nozzle) and the supply range, it is very convenient and effective to use on the objects listed above.

Performance characteristics of the RS-70 barrel (barrel A)

Despite the widespread and effective use of trunks “A” and “B” in fire extinguishing practice, they have a number of disadvantages that negatively affect the convenience and efficiency of the units’ work.

The main disadvantage of the RS-70(50), RSK-50, etc. barrels. is lack of a handle to hold the fire barrel, which has a very negative effect on the operator’s maneuverability and the “accuracy” of the jet hitting the fire;

Also on the negative side, one can note the impossibility of shutting off the water when necessary at trunks “A” and the rather poor quality of the formation of a spray jet at trunks “B”.

All these shortcomings are completely eliminated in modern fire nozzle models. Modern fire trunks combine all the characteristics of RS and RSK trunks and are significantly superior to them in a number of parameters.

One of these barrels may be the Protek fire barrel (TFT, Handline, Rosenbauer projet), which, due to its tactical and technical characteristics and design, is almost identical to other world and domestic analogues. A distinctive feature of these barrels is the ability to very easily (with one movement of the hand) change the required water flow from 2.5 l/s to 13-15 l/s, while the jet supply range remains about 20-30 m.

Performance characteristics of the Select Flow and Pro Jet barrels

Also, the designs of such barrels provide the ability to supply a sprayed stream of water (with the ability to adjust the diameter of the droplets) at different inclination angles from 30 0 to 180 0 and even simultaneously with the supply of a compact jet of water.

Various modifications and configurations of modern barrels (presented above) can be equipped with a variety of interchangeable heads for supplying both low and medium expansion foam, as well as foam using CAFS technology.

The main disadvantage of these fire nozzles is the difficulty in maintenance and repair, since the barrel consists of a large number of small parts that, if damaged, only need to be replaced... Accordingly, the price of these devices, depending on the manufacturer and configuration, ranges from $200 to $500 or more , which of course, in comparison with RS and RSK, is very, very expensive.

But, despite the price, anyone who at least once tries a Protek manual fire nozzle or a similar one will instantly feel all the delights and advantages of these products.

Manual fire nozzles (video)

Marking of manual fire nozzles: R - manual, WITH - trunk, P - overlap, TO – combined, Z – with a protective curtain, 50(70) – nominal diameter Dу50(Dу70).

Safety precautions when working with barrels:

The trunks must be in good working order and sealed. The tightness of the barrels must be ensured when tested with hydraulic pressure 1.5 times higher than the working pressure, and the tightness of the connections - at the working pressure. The appearance of water in the form of drops is not allowed.

It is prohibited to put on the strap of a fire nozzle attached to the hose line when climbing to a height and when working at height, to supply water to unsecured hose lines and until the firemen reach their starting positions.

Water should be supplied to the hose lines gradually, gradually increasing the pressure.

Work on a fire escape with a barrel is allowed only after securing the belt

with a carabiner for the step.

Working with the trunk on roofs with steep slopes is mandatory with securing the safety

with permanent ropes for the structures.

Working with the trunk at heights must be carried out by at least two people.

It is prohibited to leave the fire nozzle unattended even after the supply has been stopped.

Fire monitors: purpose, design, characteristics. Safety precautions when working with barrels.

Fire monitors designed to produce powerful water or foam jets when extinguishing large fires in case of insufficient efficiency of manual fire nozzles.

Fire monitors are divided into stationary(WITH) - mounted on a fire truck, tower or industrial equipment (for example - LS-S20U, -S40U, etc.), transportable(IN)– on a trailer and portable (P) -(for example SLK-P20, LS-P20U, LSD-20U, etc.)

In addition, trunks can be universal(U)– forming a continuous and sprayed water jet with a variable angle of the torch, as well as a VMP jet, overlapping, having a variable flow rate;

Without index (U), forming a continuous stream of water and a jet of high-frequency MP. Drive index

appears after the numbers indicating water consumption.

Depending on the type of control, the trunks can be with remote (D) or manual(without index U) control. The index is given after the letters PM.

An example of a symbol for a fire monitor LSD-S-40U Where: PM – fire monitor, D – with remote control, WITH - stationary, 40 – water consumption (l/s), U – universal.

Monitor portable barrel type PLS-20P – designed to create and direct a jet of water or high-pressure force when extinguishing fires.

Consists of a receiving body, a rotary tee, a two-arm branch, a pipe, and a nozzle. The receiving body is fixed on a removable support (carriage), which

It consists of two symmetrically curved paws with spikes.

In the receiving body there is a check valve that allows connecting

remove and replace hose lines to the pressure pipe without stopping the operation of the barrel.

The rotary body is connected to a rotary tee, and it is connected to a two-arm branch. The rotary joints are sealed with rubber ring seals.

A four-way damper is installed inside the pipe body ( a device that eliminates the phenomenon of rotation of the waste stream flowing from the hoses into the barrel, which deteriorates the quality of the jet, i.e. by breaking the flow cross-section into several parts, it helps to restore the axisymmetric distribution of velocities in the flow to a parallel-jet, not fragmented one).

To supply VMP, the water nozzle on the pipe body is replaced with an air-foam one.

Specifications:

- nozzle diameter, mm 22 28 32

Conditional pressure, kg/cm² 6 6 6

- water consumption, l/s 19 23 30

- foam consumption, m³/min 12

- jet range, m:

water 61 67 68

foam 32

- weight no more 27 kg

The barrel can rotate around a vertical axis 360º and move vertically

plane from 32 to 75º.

Safety precautions when working with fire monitors:

The trunks must undergo an annual hydraulic test with a pressure of 0.8 MPa;

During operation, barrels must be regularly maintained and inspected, especially hinges and joints;

When working, portable trunks are installed on a flat surface;

Work with the fire monitor is carried out by two firefighters.

Air-foam barrels: purpose, design, characteristics.

Safety precautions when working with barrels.

Air foam barrelsare intended for obtaining foam from an aqueous solution

calling a low-multiplicity high-frequency MP (up to 20) and delivering it to the fire.

Manual fire nozzles SVPE and SVP have the same design; they differ only in size, as well as in the ejector device designed for suction

injection of a foaming agent directly at the barrel from a tank or other container.

The SVPE barrel consists of a body on which a connector is attached on one side

one head for connecting a fire hose, and on the other - a casing in which foam

the forming solution is mixed with air and a foam stream is formed. The barrel body has three chambers: receiving, vacuum and output. On the vacuum chamber there is

a nipple with a diameter of 16 mm is installed to connect the hose through which the suction

foaming agent.

The principle of operation of the SVP barrel: the foaming solution, passing through the holes in the body, creates a vacuum in the conical chamber, due to which air is sucked through 8 holes evenly spaced in the barrel casing and intensively mixed

with a foaming solution, forming a VMP jet at the outlet.

The operation of the SVPE barrel differs from the operation of the SVP barrel in that

It is not the foaming solution that dulls, but the water, which, passing through the central hole, creates

gives a vacuum in the vacuum chamber and foam is sucked into it through the nipple

educationalist

Air-foam barrels are reliable in operation. Low-quality foam can be formed due to clogging of the central hole, foreign objects entering the chambers, or the use of software with reduced properties.

Technical characteristics of the barrels SVP-2 (SVPE-2), SVP-4 (SVPE-4), SVP-8 (SVPE-8 ) accordingly: - pressure 40-60 m; solution concentration 6%; foam expansion rate – 8 ; performance 2,4,8 m³/min: feed range 15,18,20 m.

Safety requirements when working with air-foam barrels do not differ from the safety requirements when working with hand-held fire nozzles. When refueling the vehicle, the unit's personnel must be provided with protective goggles, waterproof

Wear gloves and protective clothing. In case of contact with the skin or eyes, the software is washed off with pure water or saline solution (2% boric acid).

Rating: 3.4

Rated by: 15 people

Carrying out tests of PTV.

Fire trunk, fire columns, branches, adapters, water collectors - once a year, pressure 1.5 times the working pressure

Three-legged ladder - at an angle of 75 degrees (2.8 meters from the wall to the ladder shoes)
100kg for 2 minutes on each knee;
Rope-----200kg(no deformation)

Attack ladder - at the level of the 2nd step from the bottom, 80 kg for each side, for 2 minutes.

Stair ladder - 75 degrees, in the middle 120 kg for 2 minutes.

Ladder truck - 1 time every 3 years

Rescue rope --- 1 time every 6 months 350 kg for 5 minutes (extension no more than 5% of the original length),
External inspection once every 10 days (ten-day inspection)

Dynamic check - through a block and a lock on a carbine, a load of 150 kg is suspended and dropped from the basement of the 3rd floor.

After the test, the CB should not grow more than 30cm

Firefighting belts, carbines - once a year, load 350 kg for 5 minutes.

Sleeve delays - 1 time per year, 200 kg for 5 minutes.

Barrel consumption

Barrel “A” or RS-70 7.4 diameter 19 mm
extinguishing depth 7 meters

Barrel “B” - 3.5 l/s, diameter 13 mm
extinguishing depth 5 meters

Barrel "laf" - diameter 28 - 21 l/s,
extinguishing depth 12 meters

GPS-600 - water consumption - 5.64 l/s
foam consumption - 0.36 l/s
extinguishing depth 5 meters:
LVZh-75 m2
GZh-120 m2

GPS-2000 - water consumption - 18.8 l/s
foam consumption - 1.2 l/s

SVP 4--4 m3/min

G 600 - working water flow rate is 550 l/min.

ATs-40(130)63B

Pump flow - 2400 l/min

Tank capacity - 2350 liters

Foam - 165 liters

Operating time - 1st barrel "B" - 11.1 min
two barrels “B” - 5.5 min
one barrel “A” - 5.5 min

Operating time - SVP-4 - 8.3 min

Operating time - GPS-600 - 7.6 min

SLEEVES

Diameter:
51--40 liters
66--70 liters
77--90 liters

To obtain 1m3 of foam
0.6 liters PO
8.4 liters of water

Required consumption of fire extinguishing agents Q tr t=F n xI tr
Q tr t-required consumption of fire extinguishing agents
Fn-fire area
I tr-required intensity of fire extinguishing agent supply

Fire classification (6 pieces)

1) fires of solid flammable substances and materials (A);
2) fires of flammable liquids or melting solids and materials (B);
3) gas fires (C);
4) metal fires (D);
5) fires of flammable substances and materials of electrical installations under voltage (E);
6) fires of nuclear materials, radioactive waste and radioactive substances (F).

Briefings(5 pieces)

Introductory;
- primary at the workplace;
-repeated;
- unscheduled;
-target.

TO (5 pieces)

a) for everyday use equipment:
control inspection (before leaving the point of permanent deployment of a Federal Guard Service unit, when personnel go on duty with the assistance of equipment, at stops);
daily maintenance (hereinafter referred to as ETO);
technical maintenance of equipment during a fire, during emergency rescue and other urgent work (exercises);
numbered types of maintenance (hereinafter referred to as TO-1, TO-2, etc.);
seasonal maintenance (hereinafter referred to as MT);

b) for equipment kept in storage:
monthly maintenance;
semi-annual maintenance;
annual maintenance;
routine maintenance.

The operating time of the PA engine when checking the condition of domestically produced equipment when changing guards (duty shifts, crews) should not exceed:
for basic general purpose fire engines with a carburetor engine - 3 minutes;
for main fire-fighting vehicles for intended use, fire-fighting vehicles with a diesel engine and fire-fighting vehicles equipped with a multi-circuit pneumatic brake system - 5 minutes;
for special fire trucks - 7 minutes;
for fire truck ladders and articulated lifts - 10 minutes;
for gas-powered tools and motor pumps in the calculation - 0.5 minutes.

Entries about maintenance are made in the log (immediately after it is carried out):
- first vehicle maintenance and fire-technical equipment maintenance - at least once a month;
- second technical maintenance - at least once a year;
- seasonal maintenance - 2 times a year;
- checking the level and density of the electrolyte - once every 10 days;
- about the condition of tires, tire pressure and tightening of wheel nuts - once every 10 days;
- on checking the functionality, cleaning and adjusting the foam mixer and gas-jet vacuum apparatus - once a month.

Actual water consumption

Qf = Nodiv x ndiv.st. x q
Node - number of people in the department
ndept.st - number of trunks that can be supplied to the unit q - productivity of trunks

Pressure loss in the hose line 1 atm per floor
1 atm for every 100 m.

GDZS reserve in case of fire is 50% of those working

Water recovery SG pipeline:
d 150 = 70 l/s ring
d 100 = 14 l/s ring
d 150 = 35 l/s dead end
d 100 = 7 l/s dead-end

Hydraulic elevator:
from a depth of 20 m;
horizontally up to 100 m.